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形容词和副词讲义

形容词和副词之马矢奏春创作

(一)形容词的基本功能及其在句子中的位置

说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态,经常使用来修饰名词或不定代词的词叫形容词.

1.形容词作定语,放在名词之前,不定代词之后.

e.g.The beautiful girl is my sister.那个漂亮的女孩是我的妹妹.

I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你.

2.作表语,放在系动词之后.

e.g.Our school is big and clean.我们的学校又年夜又干净.

I felt terrible this morning.我今天早上感到不舒服.

3.作宾语补足语,放在宾语之后.

e.g.You must keep your eyes closed.你必需闭上眼睛.

I find it hard to travel around the big city.我发现在这个年夜城市旅行很难.

4.某些形容词放在定冠词之后,酿成名词,暗示一类人.罕见词有good/bad,rich/poor,young/old,deaf/blind,black/white,livin g/dead等.

e.g.The rich should help the poor.富人应该帮手穷人.

The young should be polite to the old.年轻人应该对老年人

有礼貌.

(二)形容词比力品级的构成:原级、比力级和最高级

规则变动

不规则变动

注意:不规则变动的比力级和最高级要背熟.

(三)形容词原级用法

1.说明人或事物自身的特征、性质和状态时用形容词原级.

e.g.The flowers in the garden are beautiful.这花园里的花很美.

2.有暗示绝对概念的副词very,so,too,enough,quite等修饰时用形容词原级.

e.g.The boy is too young.这男孩太小了.

Math is very difficult.数学很难.

3.暗示A与B在某一方面水平相同或分歧时用形容词原级.(1)肯定句中的结构:“A…+as+形容词原级+as+B”

e.g.English is as interesting as Chinese.英语和语文一样有趣.

Xiao Ming is as tall as Jim.小明和吉姆一样高.

(2)否定句中的结构:“A…+as/so+形容词原级+as+B”

e.g.This book isn’t as new as that one.这本书不如那本书新.

I am not so careful as Lucy.我没有露西仔细.

(3)暗示“A是B的……倍”时,用“A…+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”结构.(一次:once,两次:twice,三次以上:数字+times) e.g.Our school is three times as big as theirs.我们学校是他们学校的三倍.

This table is twice as long as that one.这张桌子是那张桌子的两倍长.

(四)形容词比力级用法

1.暗示两者进行比力时用形容词比力级,最明显的提示词是than,其结构为“A…+比力级+than+B”.

e.g.Li Lei’s room is bigger than mine.李雷的房间比我的年夜.

This mooncake is nicer than that one.这块月饼比那块好吃.

注意:为了防止重复,在从句中经常使用the one,that,those等

词来替代前面呈现过的名词.其中the one替代可数名词双数形式,the ones或those替代可数名词复数形式,that替代不成数名词.

e.g.The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter.

北京的天气比广州的天气冷.

2.有暗示水平的副词a little,a bit,a few,a

lot,much,even,still,far,rather,any等修饰时,用形容词比力级.

e.g.I feel even worse now.我现在觉得更难受了.

It is much colder today than before.今天比以前冷很多. 3.暗示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更……”时,用句型

“Which/Who is+形容词比力级,A or B?”暗示.

e.g.Who is taller, Li Ming or Wang Tao?李明和王涛哪一个高一些?

Which sweater is more beautiful, the yellow one or the pink one?

哪一件毛衣更漂亮,黄色还是粉红色的?

4.暗示“几倍于……”时,用“倍数+比力级+than”暗示.

e.g.I am three years older than you.我比你年夜三岁.

5.暗示“两者之间最……一个(of the two)”时,经常使用“the+比力级”结构.

e.g.Mary is the taller of the twins. Mary是双胞胎中的高个子.

6.暗示“越来越……”,用比力级重叠结构,即“比力级+and+比力级”,多音节词和部份双音节词时用“more and more+形容词原

春季天气变得越来越暖和.Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.

我们的家乡越来越漂亮了.

7.暗示“越……就越……”时,用“the+比力级,the+比力级”结构.

e.g.The more we get together, the happier we’ll be.我们越是在一起,就越开心.

(五)形容词最高级用法

1.暗示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比力时,用最高级形式.形容词最高级前必需加定冠词the,句末常跟一个in/of短语来暗示范围.

e.g.He is the strongest of the three boys.在三个男孩子中,他是最强壮的.

Shanghai is the biggest city in China.上海是中国最年夜的城市.

2.暗示在三者或三者以上的人或物进行选择时,用“Which/Who is+the+最高级,A,B or C?”结构.

e.g.Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou?

哪个城市最漂亮,北京,上海还是福州?

3.暗示“最……的……之一”时,用“one of th e+形容词最高级”结构,该形容词后面的名词要用复数形式.

e.g.Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers.周杰伦是最受欢迎的歌星之一.

4.形容词最高级前面可以加序数词,暗示“第几最……”.

e.g.The ChangjiangRiver is the first longest river in China. 长江是中国第一年夜长河.

5.形容词最高级前面可以有物主代词,指示代词,名词所有格等修饰,但此时不能再用定冠词the.

e.g.This is our last lesson today.这是我们今天的最后一节课.

Yesterday was his busiest day.昨天是他最忙的一天.

6.形容词比力级结构可以暗示最高级含义.

e.g.Li Lei is the tallest student in his class.李雷是班上最高的学生.

=Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class.李雷比班上其他任何一个学生都高.

=Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class.李雷比班上其他所有的学生都高.

=Li Lei is taller than anyone else in his class.李雷比班上其他任何人都高.

(六)使用形容词时易混知识

2.比力的对象不能相互包容

牢记下列结构:

比力级+than+any other+双数名词all (the) other+复数名词

any one/anybody elseany of the other+复数名词the rest

of+复数名词或不成数名词

注意:在同一范围内进行比力时,必需把主体排除在被比力的范围之外.

e.g.China is larger than any other country in Asia.中国比亚洲其他任何一个国家都年夜.

(同一范围内,只能和其他对象进行比力)

China is larger than any country in Africa.中国比非洲的任何一个国家都年夜.

(分歧范围内,可以和其他任意一个对象进行比力)

3.在两者进行比力“暗示A不如B”时,多音节和部份双音节形

容词除使用“not…as/so+形容词原级+as”结构外,还可使用“less+形容词原级+than”结构.

e.g.I am not as careful as Lily. 我没有Lily仔细.

=I am less careful than Lily.

4.许多形容词加-ly可以构成副词,但有些-ly结尾的词不是副词,而是形容词.

friendly(友好的)lonely(孤独的,孤单的)lovely(可爱的,有趣的) likely(有希望的)daily(日常的)lively(有生气的,活泼的)

上面我们复习了形容词,下面我们复习副词,副词分为“①时间副词,如yesterday(昨天);②地址副词,如inside(在里面);③方

式副词,如quickly(快地);④水平副词,如very(很);⑤疑问副词,如when(什么时候);⑥关系副词,如why(为什么).关系副词用来引导定语从句.有些知识如时间、地址,是非常明显的工具,只需要提一下.今天我们主要复习以下几个方面:

副词用法

(一)副词是用来说明时间、地址、水平、方式等概念的词,主要修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子.

1.作状语,用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词和句子.

e.g.Please listen to me carefully.请你认真地听我讲.

The boy is too young.这男孩太小了.

Luckily, he was not badly hurt.幸运地,他伤得不是太重. 2.作表语,暗示方位上的变动.

e.g.My father will be back in a week.我父亲一周后回来. 3.作宾语补足语.

e.g.Let him in, please.请让他进来.

(二)副词的位置

1.一般作状语时放在谓语动词之后.如果谓语动词带有宾语,副词则放在宾语后面.

e.g.We all study hard.我们努力学习.

He is drawing a horse carefully.他在认真地画一匹马.

2.频度副词作状语时放在be动词或助动词、情态动词之后,行为动词之前.

e.g.He is always late for school.他总是上学迟到.

I often go to see my grandparents on Sunday.我经常星期天去看望祖父母.

3.某些副词是为了强调上下句的衔接,放在句子之前.

e.g.Suddenly he had a good idea.突然他想出了一个法子. 4.enough修饰形容词和副词时,要放在所修饰词之后.

e.g.The boy is old enough to go to school.这孩子够年夜了能去上学.

He got up early enough to catch up the train.他起得足够早能赶上火车.

(三)副词比力品级用法

1.副词的比力级、最高级的变法和形容词的比力级、最高级变法基秘闻同.刚才我们已经讲过.

2.在两者进行比力“暗示A不如B”时,部份双音节和多音节副词除使用“not…as/so+副词原级+as”结构外,还可使用“less+副词原级+than”结构.

e.g.Bill didn’t do his homework as carefully as Jim. Bill做作业没有Jim认真.

=Bill did his homework less carefully than Jim.

3.副词最高级前一般不加定冠词the.

e.g.Lin Tao did best in English of all.林涛是所有人中英语最好的.

形容词和副词比力级的用法

注意:有些形容词,如 dead, empty, round, sure, woolen 等受

自己含义的限制,没有比力级.

(四)副词易混知识清单

1.how long,how soon,how often

how long“多久,多长时间”,是对一个继续的时间段提问,经常使用“for+段时间”和“since+点时间”回答.

how soon“多快,多久以后”,是对一个长久性动词提问,用于一般将来时句子中,经常使用“in+段时间”回答.

how often“多长时间一次”,对频度提问,经常使用

“once,twice,three times a week”等回答.

how far“多远”,对距离提问.

e.g.—How long have you lived inBeijing?—你住在北京多久了?

—For ten year.——十年了.

—How soon will your father come back?—你父亲多久以后回来?

—He will come back in a week.—他一周后回来.

—How often do you play football?—你多长时间踢一回足球?—Once a week.——周一次.

—How far is it from here to your home?—这离你家有多远?—Only 200 meters away.—只有200米远.

2.hard/hardly

hard“努力地,辛苦地”;“剧烈地,猛烈地”是水平副词. hardly“几乎不”,是否定副词.

e.g.We should study hard as students.作为学生,我们应该努力学习.

I can hardly catch up with you, can you walk slowly?

我几乎赶不上你了,你能走慢一点吗?

3.much too/too much

much too“非常,极其,太”much和too都是副词,much修饰too,用以加强语气,中心词是too,much too修饰形容词或副词原级. too much“太多”,中心词是much,too修饰much,以加强语

气,too much修饰不成数名词.与too many相对,但too many修饰可数名词.

e.g.The skirt is much too dear.这裙子太贵了.

Please don’t eat too much ice-cream, it’s bad for your health.

不要吃太多的冷激凌,它对身体欠好.

There are too many people in the supermarket.超市里人太多了.

4.too/also/either

too一般不用于否定句,常放在句尾.

also用于肯定句和疑问句,常放在be动词或助动词之后,行为动词之前.

either用于否定句,常放在句尾.

e.g.You are a student, I am a student, too.你是学生,我也是学生.

They are also students.他们也是学生.

I don’t like the film, either.我也不喜欢这部片子. 5.too, enough, so

too“太,很”,用于“too…to”结构,暗示否定意义“太……而不能……”.

enough“足够”,用于“形容词/副词原级+enough to…”结构,暗示“足够……能……”.

so“如此”,用于“so…that…”结构,暗示“如此……以致……”.

e.g.The man is too old to look after himsel

f.这人年纪太年夜了不能照顾自己.

The boy runs fast enough to win the game.这男孩跑得足够快能赢.

The camera is so expensive that I can’t afford it.照相机太贵了,我买不起.

6.already/yet

already经常使用于肯定句.yet经常使用于否定句和疑问句句尾.

e.g.I have already finished my homework.

我已经完成了家庭作业.Have you finished your homework yet?你完成了你的家庭作业吗?

I haven’t had lunch yet.我还没有吃午餐呢.

(五)形容词怎样酿成副词

一般说来形容词就是形容词,副词就是副词,但也有很多形容词可以加ly来构成副词.

heavy——heavily loud——loudly careful——carefully clear——clearly

beautiful——beautifully happy——happilytrue——truly luck——luckily

quick——quickly bad——badly

同学们特别要注意副词修饰行为动词这一点.如:

He is very (careful).He does everything (carefully)

第一句中是作表语,用adj. careful;第二句中修饰行为动词does用adv. carefully.

hard 努力——hardly 几乎不late迟的,晚的——lately 近来

deep 深——deeply 深深地near靠近——nearly

差未几

wide 宽——widely 广泛地high高的——highly

高度地

close 靠近的——closely 密切地free免费的——freely 自由地

【基础练习】

( ) 1 Your room is _______ than mine.

A. three time big

B. three times big

C. three times bigger

D. bigger three times ( ) 2 When spring comes, it gets_______.

A. warm and warm

B. colder and colder

C. warmer and warmer

D. shorter and shorter ( )3 ______ he read the book, _______ he got in it.

A. The more; the more interesting

B. The less; the more interesting

C. The more; the more interested

D. More; more interested

()4 I like______ one of the two books.

A. the older

B. oldest

C. the oldest

D. older () 5 Which do you like _______, tea or coffee?

A. well

B. better

C. best

D. most

( ) 6 This work is _______ for me than for you.

A. difficult

B. most difficult

C. much difficult

D. more difficult

( ) 7 Who jumped_______of all?

A. far

B. farther

C. farthest

D. the most far ( ) 8 Li Lei is_______ student in our class.

A. tall

B. taller

C. tallest

D. the tallest ( ) 9 Tom is one of _______ boys in our class.

A. tallest

B. taller

C. the tallest B. the tall

( ) 10 English is one of_______ spoken in the world.

A. the important languages

B. the most important languages

C. most important language

D. the most important language ( )11. Most of the woods _______ been taken good care of.

A. are

B. is

C. has

D. have ( )12 I'm not ________ to lift the heavy box.

A. short enough

B. enough tall

C. health enough

D. strong enough

( )13 Which is_______, Li Lei or Wu Tong?

A. strong

B. strongest

C. stronger

D. the strongest ( )14 Do you have _______ to tell us?

A. something new

B. new something

C. anything new

D. new

anything

( ) 15. Most of the people in Guangdong are getting ______.

A. more and rich

B. more rich and more rich

C. richer and richer

D. rich and rich 写出下列形容词和副词的比力级和最高级.

fast ______ ________ wide ______ _________ easy _______ ________

small______ ________ large________ _________ dirty________ ________

long ______ ________ rude _______ __________ busy_______ __________

hot________ ________ thin________ _________ fat _______ ___________

few _______ ________ good________ _______ little________ _________

badly________ _______ far________ ________ difficult_________ ___________

much_________ _________ many __________ _________ nice ________ ________

用所给形容词和副词的适当形式填空.

1.Which lesson is ________________________ (difficult)

in Book 2?

2.Alice writes ____________________________(carefully )

than I.

3.This story is

____________________________( interesting) than that one.

4.That was one of _________________________( exciting)

moments in 2008.

5.This kind of food must be

____________________( delicious )than that one.

6.Beihai park is one of _______________________

(beautiful ) parks in Beijing.

7.Who’s _________________________(careful), Tom,Jim or

Kate?

8.That is ____________________________(easy) of all.

9.He is ____________________________(clever )boy in the

class.

10.John is ______________________( short) than Tom.

11.She is ___________________________(pretty)girl in the

group.

12.Which film is __________________________

(interesting),this one or that one?

13.Can you show me_______________________(near) shop here?

14.This bridge is as _______ ( long) as that one, but it

is much ______ (wide) than that one.

15.I think English is one of _______________

(important )subjects in middle school.

16.I am only one year ___________ (young) than you..

17.The boy is not so _____________ (interesting) as his

brother.

18.Dick sings _____ (well), she sings ______(well) than

John, but Mary sings______(well) in her class.

19.She will be much ____________ (happy) in her new house

20.John’s parents have four daughters, and she is the

_____________ (young) child

单项选择

1.I’m shortsighted and I can’t see the words on the notice board ____.

A, clear B, clearly C, carefully D, good

2.Jean works hard but she doesn’t work ____ Mary.

A, as harder than B, as hard than C, as harder as D, as hard as

3.This is ____ book in our library.

A, the most interesting B, most interesting C, the more

形容词副词讲义(精选.)

形容词副词 定义:中文的意思是“……的”的词是形容词,用来修饰名词; 中文意思是“……地”的词是副词,用来修饰动词、形容词或副词形容词 与副词在句中的位置 形容词 形容词的比较级 在句中的位置 名词所有格 副词的比较级 形容词副词的转换 考点清单 练习: 练习 ①It is a ____(sun) day. ②It is a _____(rain) day. ③I think you are a _____(luck) girl. ④The teacher said he had _____to tell us. A. anything important B. important anything C. something important D. important something ⑤Look !Jack is ____(excite,excited) . ⑥I feel ____(happy) every day. ⑦The baby is sleeping ,please keep______(quiet,quietly) 考点二:形容词的比较级

(1)在形容词词尾加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级: bright(明亮的)—brighter—brightest broad(广阔的)—broader—broadest cheap(便宜的)—cheaper—cheapest clean(干净的)—cleaner—cleanest clever(聪明的)—cleverer—cleverest cold(寒冷的)—colder—coldest cool(凉的)—cooler—coolest dark(黑暗的)—darker—darkest dear(贵的)—dearer—dearest deep(深的)—deeper—deepest fast(迅速的)—faster—fastest few(少的)—fewer—fewest great(伟大的)—greater—greatest hard(困难的,硬的)—harder—hardest high(高的)—higher—highest kind(善良的)—kinder—kindest light(轻的)—lighter—lightest long(长的)—longer—longest loud(响亮的)—louder—loudest low(低的)—lower—lowest near(近的)—nearer—nearest new(新的)—newer—newest poor(穷的)—poorer—poorest quick(快的)—quicker—quickest quiet(安静的)—quieter—quietest rich(富裕的)—richer—richest short(短的)—shorter—shortest slow(慢的)—slower—slowest small(小的)—smaller—smallest smart(聪明的)—smarter—smartest soft(柔软的)—softer—softest strong(强壮的)—stronger—strongest sweet(甜的)—sweeter—sweetest tall(高的)-taller-tallest thick(厚的)—thicker—thickest warm(温暖的)—warmer—warmest weak(弱的)—weaker—weakest young(年轻的)—younger—youngest (2).双写最后一个字母,再加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级: big(大的)—bigger—biggest fat(胖的)—fatter—fattest hot(热的)—hotter—hottest red(红的)—redder—reddest sad(伤心的)—sadder—saddest thin(瘦的)—thinner—thinnest wet(湿的)—wetter—wettest mad(疯的)—madder—maddest (3).以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词,加上“r”“st”构成比较级、最高级: able(能干的)—abler—ablest brave(勇敢的)—braver—bravest close(接近的)—closer—closest fine(好的,完美的)—finer—finest large(巨大的)—larger—largest late(迟的)—later—latest nice(好的)—nicer—nicest ripe(成熟的)—riper—ripest rude(粗鲁的)—ruder—rudest safe(安全的)—safer—safest

形容词、副词比较级、最高级讲义全

课题形容词、副词——比较级、最高级 1.掌握形容词副词在比较级、最高级的变化 教学目的 2.掌握形容词副词比较级、最高级的相关句型及用法 教学内容 Step 1形容词、副词概述 形容词:用来修饰名词 副词:用来修饰动词、形容词和副词 一、常见的形容词词尾 1.-ful 在很多名词或动词后面加上ful就变成相关的形容词,表示“充满……的,有……性质的)例如:color-colorful, beauty-beautiful, care-careful, wonder-wonderful, thank-thankful, help-helpful, use-useful 2.-ing ing结尾的形容词表示“本身具有……性质的”例如:interesting, exciting, boring 3.-ed ed结尾的形容词表示被动关系“被……的,令人……的”例如:interested,excited, bored

4.复合形容词 形容词+v-ing,同“系表结构” a good-looking boy =a boy who looks good 相貌好看的男孩 副词+过去分词,同“被动的定语从句” a newly-published article 新发表的文章 二、常见副词词尾 1.-ly 在很多形容词后面加上ful就变成相关的副词 ★并非所有的以-ly结尾的词都是副词,如:lovely,friendly,etc. 2. 形容词变副词的规律 a.一般的形容词在结尾加ly变为副词。例如:careful-carefully b.以元音加e结尾的单词要去e在加ly。例如:true-truly c.辅音加y结尾的单词去y变i在加ly。例如:angry-angrily d.单音节y结尾直接加ly。例如:shy-shyly e.以le结尾的单词直接将e变为y。例如:terrible-terribly Step 2 观察生活中的比较级现象 tall short big small old young Step 3 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 1. 观察下面的图片,你能否说说比较级和最高级的构成有什么特征吗?

形容词与副词讲义

专题五形容词与副词 中考试题对形容词的考查涉及形容词原级、比较级和最高级的各种句型,形容词作定语的位置,易混淆的形容词用法辨析等。从考查形式看,一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。 一.形容词:形容词主要用来修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词。形容词在句中可用作表语、定语、补语等。 1.作定语,放在名词前,something, anything, nothing, everythin命复合不定代词之后;形容词修饰疑问代 词时,也须放在其后。 如: It ' scold and windy day. Would you like something hot to drink? What else can you see? 你还能看见其它什么东西? 2.作表语,放在系动词之后。常见的系动词有be, become, get变),turn(变),feel, look(看起来),seem, smell, sound, taste 女口:He looks happy today. Silk feels soft.绸子摸起来很软。Milk is able to turn bad easily in summer. 3.作宾补,放在宾语之后宀 ★| keep/fi nd/make/thi nk+宾语+ 形容词(作宾补)| We are maki ng our country stro ng. 4.形容 女口: a big yellow Chinese wooden ship(一个黄色的大型中国木船) ★前置形容词(作定语)的顺序为: 限定描绘大长高,形状年龄和新老;颜色国籍跟材料,作用类别往后靠; ★限定词”包括:冠词、物主代词、指示代词、或数词等。 ★表观点的描绘”性形容词如:beautiful、bad、interesting、great等。 ★大长高”表示大小、长短、高低等一些词big,small, ,short, tall ★表示形状”的词如:round, square等。 ★年龄,新旧,颜色的形容词you ng,old,n ew,white,red等 ★国籍”指一个国家或地区的词。Chinese, rural (乡村的) ★材料”的词如:wooden, woolen, stone,silk等。 ★作用类别”的词如:medical, college, writing desk,police car等。 两个圆形的蓝色日本塑料盘__________________________ 5.有关形容词的用法辨析: ⑴whole与all :记住两个词序: ①the whole + 名词;如:He was busy the whole morning.整个早晨他都很忙) ②all (of) the + 名词。 He can remember all the words he learns. ⑴tall 与high, short 与low: ★指人的个子(树、楼)时用tall与short;如:He' s very tall/short他个子高/矮) Tall trees are sta nding on both sides of that ave nue. ★指其他事物(含价格price 时)一般用high 与low。 A few people live on high mountains. ⑴ real 与true: ① real一般指东西的真假,译为真的” This is a real diamond and it ' s very expensive. ★true指事情或消息的可靠性真实的”-ls that true? —Yes. I heard it with my own ears. ⑴ interested与interesting 的区别: ①interesting 指人或东西有趣的”作定语或表语,女口:The man is very interesting and all the children like him. / This book is interesting and you can really enjoy yourself. ②interested则表示人对别的事物’感兴趣的”只能作表语I am interested in scienee. (excited/exciting; bored/boring 等类似) (5)nice与fine:的区别:nice表示令人愉快的,可以指东西、人物外表等; 女口:Let' s go and share the nice cake./ She is a nice 漂亮的) good/well】fine —般指身体或天气好What a fine day!侈好的天气!)/ I am fine.我身体很好 (6)too much 与much too : ★too much表示太多的”修饰不可数名词,表数量;如:I am full because I have had too much rice.

初中英语形容词和副词讲义

讲义3 :形容词 一、形容词的定义: 表示人或事物的属性,特征或状态的词叫形容词(Adjective).形容词修饰名词,它的基本用法就是为名词提供更多的信息,它分为性质形容词和叙述形容词两类. 二、形容词的位置 1、单个形容词修饰名词时,一般要放在名词的前面,做定语。它们的前面常常带有冠词、形容词性物主代词、指示代词、数词等。 例如:a red flower一朵红花 this interesting story这个有趣的故事 six blind men 六个盲人 my own house我自己的房子形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时,形容词放在名词后面。 例如:I have something important to tell you. Is there anything interesting in the film. 三、形容词和副词的等级变化 大多数形容词和副词有三个级:原级(即原形)、比较级和最高级。 1 一般在词末尾加er变比较级,加est变最高级。 strong —stronger -strongest small--smaller--smallest hard→harder →hardest fast→faster →fastest

2 如果以e结尾,只加r 或st。 nice--nicer--nicest fine--finer--finest 3 以重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,须先双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est。 sad--sadder-- saddest big--bigger--biggest hot--hotter --hottest 4 以辅音字母加y结尾的词,把y变成i,再加er或est。 angry--angrier-angriest early→earlier →earliest hungry-hungrier-hungriest 5、但是,开放类副词即形容词加ly结尾变成的副词加more或most.如 quickly →more quickly →most quickly quietly →more quietly →most quietly slowly—more slowly—most slowly [注]:early中的ly不是后缀,故把y变i再加er和est 6、大部分双音节和所有多音节词都在其前面加more变比较级,加most变最高级 different -more different -most different beautiful--more beautiful--the most beautiful

形容词副词讲义备课讲稿

形容词副词讲义

形容词副词 定义:中文的意思是“……的”的词是形容词,用来修饰名词; 中文意思是“……地”的词是副词,用来修饰动词、形容词或副词 形容词 与副词 在句中的位置 形容词 形容词的比较级 在句中的位置 名词所有格 副词的比较级 形容词副词的转换 考点清单 练习: 练习 ① It is a ____(sun) day. ② It is a _____(rain) day. ③ I think you are a _____(luck) girl. ④ The teacher said he had _____to tell us. A. anything important B. important anything C. something important D. important something ⑤ Look !Jack is ____(excite,excited) . ⑥ I feel ____(happy) every day. ⑦ The baby is sleeping ,please keep______(quiet,quietly) 考点二:形容词的比较级

(1)在形容词词尾加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级: bright(明亮的)—brighter—brightest broad(广阔的)—broader—broadest cheap(便宜的)—cheaper—cheapest clean(干净的)—cleaner—cleanest clever(聪明的)—cleverer—cleverest cold(寒冷的)—colder—coldest cool(凉的)—cooler—coolest dark(黑暗的)—darker—darkest dear(贵的)—dearer—dearest deep(深的)—deeper—deepest fast(迅速的)—faster—fastest few(少的)—fewer—fewest great(伟大的)—greater—greatest hard(困难的,硬的)—harder—hardest high(高的)—higher—highest kind(善良的)—kinder—kindest light(轻的)—lighter—lightest long(长的)—longer—longest loud(响亮的)—louder—loudest low(低的)—lower—lowest near(近的)—nearer—nearest new(新的)—newer—newest poor(穷的)—poorer—poorest quick(快的)—quicker—quickest quiet(安静的)—quieter—quietest rich(富裕的)—richer—richest short(短的)—shorter—shortest slow(慢的)—slower—slowest small(小的)—smaller—smallest smart(聪明的)—smarter—smartest soft(柔软的)—softer—softest strong(强壮的)—stronger—strongest sweet(甜的)—sweeter—sweetest tall(高的)-taller-tallest thick(厚的)—thicker—thickest warm(温暖的)—warmer—warmest weak(弱的)—weaker—weakest young(年轻的)—younger—youngest (2).双写最后一个字母,再加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级: big(大的)—bigger—biggest fat(胖的)—fatter—fattest hot(热的)—hotter—hottest red(红的)—redder—reddest sad(伤心的)—sadder—saddest thin(瘦的)—thinner—thinnest wet(湿的)—wetter—wettest mad(疯的)—madder—maddest (3).以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词,加上“r”“st”构成比较级、最高级: able(能干的)—abler—ablest brave(勇敢的)—braver—bravest close(接近的)—closer—closest fine(好的,完美的)—finer—finest large(巨大的)—larger—largest late(迟的)—later—latest nice(好的)—nicer—nicest ripe(成熟的)—riper—ripest rude(粗鲁的)—ruder—rudest safe(安全的)—safer—safest

形容词和副词专题上课讲义

形容词和副词专题

4. 形容词和副词 4.1 形容词及其用法 形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常,可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前面。 1) 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它有级的变化,可以用程度 副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如:hot 热的。 2) 叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化,也 不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如:afraid 害怕的。 (错)He is an ill man. (对)The man is ill. (错)She is an afraid girl. (对)The girl is afraid. 这类词还有: well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake 等。 3)形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词之后,例如: something nice 4.2 以-ly结尾的形容词 1)大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。 改错:(错) She sang lovely. (错) He spoke to me very friendly. (对) Her singing was lovely. (对) He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。 daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily. 4.3 用形容词表示类别和整体 1)某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连接。如:the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry The poor are losing hope. 2)有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体,与动词的复数连用。 the British,the English,the French,the Chinese. The English have wonderful sense of humor. 4.4 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序

形容词和副词讲义

形容词和副词 一.形容词 1 2. sun—sunny, rain—rainy, wind—windy, cloud—cloudy, interest—interesting, friend—friendly, care—careful, use—useful 3. 做定语的多个形容词如何排列? 遵行下列原则:限定词+描绘性形容词+“大型(形)新式(色)国产材料”+名词。其中“大型(形)新式(色)国产材料”中的“大”表示大小,长短,高低,年龄的形容词,“型(形)”表示形状的形容词,“新”指表示新旧的形容词,“式(色)”表示颜色的形容词,“国产”表示国籍,地区,出处的形容词,“材料”表示物质材料的形容词。 如:a beautiful big round black Russian wood desk. [试一试]:Mr. Smith has a _________________car. (French, long, red) 二、副词 1. 2.形容词到副词的转化 (1) 有许多副词是对应的形容词加ly构成, 如: Strong-strongly, real-really (2) 词尾是y的要把y变为i再加ly, 如:busy—busily, happy--happily (3) 以e结尾的,大部分直接加-ly, 如:wide--widely , brave--bravely (4) 有几个特殊的要去e后再加-ly或y, 如:true –truly terrible --terribly [注意]:good的副词是well. hard 既是形容词也是副词,作形容词是“困难的”,作副词是“努力地,猛烈地”。hardly的意思是“几乎不”它和hard没关系

形容词和副词讲义

形容词和副词之马矢奏春创作 (一)形容词的基本功能及其在句子中的位置 说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态,经常使用来修饰名词或不定代词的词叫形容词. 1.形容词作定语,放在名词之前,不定代词之后. e.g.The beautiful girl is my sister.那个漂亮的女孩是我的妹妹. I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你. 2.作表语,放在系动词之后. e.g.Our school is big and clean.我们的学校又年夜又干净. I felt terrible this morning.我今天早上感到不舒服. 3.作宾语补足语,放在宾语之后. e.g.You must keep your eyes closed.你必需闭上眼睛. I find it hard to travel around the big city.我发现在这个年夜城市旅行很难. 4.某些形容词放在定冠词之后,酿成名词,暗示一类人.罕见词有good/bad,rich/poor,young/old,deaf/blind,black/white,livin g/dead等. e.g.The rich should help the poor.富人应该帮手穷人. The young should be polite to the old.年轻人应该对老年人

有礼貌. (二)形容词比力品级的构成:原级、比力级和最高级 规则变动 不规则变动 注意:不规则变动的比力级和最高级要背熟. (三)形容词原级用法 1.说明人或事物自身的特征、性质和状态时用形容词原级.

形容词副词讲义

形容词副词 定义:中文的意思是“……的”的词是形容词,用来修饰名词; 中文意思是“……地”的词是副词,用来修饰动词、形容词或副词 形容词 与副词 在句中的位置 形容词 形容词的比较级 在句中的位置 名词所有格 副词的比较级 形容词副词的转换 考点清单 练习: 练习 ① It is a ____(sun) day. ② It is a _____(rain) day. ③ I think you are a _____(luck) girl. ④ The teacher said he had _____to tell us. A. anything important B. important anything C. something important D. important something ⑤ Look !Jack is ____(excite,excited) . ⑥ I feel ____(happy) every day. ⑦ The baby is sleeping ,please keep______(quiet,quietly) 考点二:形容词的比较级

(1)在形容词词尾加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级: bright(明亮的)—brighter—brightest broad(广阔的)—broader—broadest cheap(便宜的)—cheaper—cheapest clean(干净的)—cleaner—cleanest clever(聪明的)—cleverer—cleverest cold(寒冷的)—colder—coldest cool(凉的)—cooler—coolest dark(黑暗的)—darker—darkest dear(贵的)—dearer—dearest deep(深的)—deeper—deepest fast(迅速的)—faster—fastest few(少的)—fewer—fewest great(伟大的)—greater—greatest hard(困难的,硬的)—harder—hardest high(高的)—higher—highest kind(善良的)—kinder—kindest light(轻的)—lighter—lightest long(长的)—longer—longest loud(响亮的)—louder—loudest low(低的)—lower—lowest near(近的)—nearer—nearest new(新的)—newer—newest poor(穷的)—poorer—poorest quick(快的)—quicker—quickest quiet(安静的)—quieter—quietest rich(富裕的)—richer—richest short(短的)—shorter—shortest slow(慢的)—slower—slowest small(小的)—smaller—smallest smart(聪明的)—smarter—smartest soft(柔软的)—softer—softest strong(强壮的)—stronger—strongest sweet(甜的)—sweeter—sweetest tall(高的)-taller-tallest thick(厚的)—thicker—thickest warm(温暖的)—warmer—warmest weak(弱的)—weaker—weakest young(年轻的)—younger—youngest (2).双写最后一个字母,再加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级: big(大的)—bigger—biggest fat(胖的)—fatter—fattest hot(热的)—hotter—hottest red(红的)—redder—reddest sad(伤心的)—sadder—saddest thin(瘦的)—thinner—thinnest wet(湿的)—wetter—wettest mad(疯的)—madder—maddest (3).以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词,加上“r”“st”构成比较级、最高级: able(能干的)—abler—ablest brave(勇敢的)—braver—bravest close(接近的)—closer—closest fine(好的,完美的)—finer—finest large(巨大的)—larger—largest late(迟的)—later—latest nice(好的)—nicer—nicest ripe(成熟的)—riper—ripest rude(粗鲁的)—ruder—rudest safe(安全的)—safer—safest

高考英语语法复习形容词与副词 讲义

高考英语形容词与副词 一、形容词 (1)作定语,常用来修饰名词或代词。 These are valuable suggestions.(这些是宝贵的建议。) I have something important to tell you.(我有重要的事情要告诉你。) (2)作表语,放在系动词之后说明主语的情况。 His suggestions are valuable.(他的建议很有价值。) I felt terrible this morning.(我今天早上感到不舒服。) (3)作宾语补足语,放在宾语之后对宾语加以修饰说明。 You must keep your eyes closed.(你必须闭上眼睛。) I find it hard to travel around the big city.(我发现在这个大城市旅行很难。) (4)作状语,用以说明情况。 Curious, we went into the cave.(出于好奇,我们进了洞里。) He returned home, safe and sound.(他回到了家,安然无恙。) 形容词作定语时一般置于被修饰词前作前置定语,下列情况中形容词通常后置于被修饰词。 (1)修饰something,anybody,nobody,anything等复合不定代词时 There is nothing wrong with the machine.(机器什么问题都没有。) (2)形容词词组作定语时 She bought a book suitable for children.(她买了本适合孩子们的图书。)(3)修饰表示数量的词要后置 The baby is only five months old.(这个婴儿仅有五个月大。) (4)enough作形容词修饰名词时,一般放在名词之前,也可放在名词之后 We don't bring enough money.(我们没带够钱。) There‘ll be time enough to relax when you’ve finished your work.(你完成工作后会有足够的时间来放松。) [注] 形容词常见于定语位置和表语位置,以上只列出几种常见情况讲解。具体位置要视具体形容词及句子而定。 按以下顺序排列: (1)限定词(a/an,the,this,his,first,one...) (2)表示特征或性质等描述性形容词(good,pretty...) (3)表示大小、长短、高低的形容词(big,long,little...) (4)表示形状的形容词(round,square...) (5)表示年龄、新旧的形容词(old,young,new...) (6)表示颜色的形容词(red,yellow...) (7)表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词(America,southern,Italian...) (8)表示物质材料的形容词(wooden,woollen,glass...) (9)表示用途、类别的形容词(medical,writing...) a beautiful large green Chinese carpet一块漂亮宽大的绿色的中国地毯 the first three days 头三天 enormous black iron gates 巨大的黑色铁门 04 形容词的特殊用法

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形容词与副词 用来描述事物大小,形状,颜色等具体特征的词叫做形容词。 1作定语修饰名词和不定代词 形容词修饰名词作前置定语。放在被修饰词之后,作后置定语。 1)形容词修饰something ,anything等复合不定代词时后置。 2,the+形容词,表示一类人 注意;作主语谓语动词用复数 4形容词的比较等级 原级 1.形容词的原级比较句型有: 1) as +形容词的原级+as. 其否定式为:not so (as)+形容词原级+as。 2)当我们要表示A是B的几倍或几分之几时,我们用的句型:A +几倍或几分之几as +形容词的原级+as +B。 This room is three times as big as that one. 3) as many+可数名词/much+不可数名词+as.

He earns as much money as his mother does. 比较级和最高级 大多数形容词的比较级和最高级是采用在词尾加-er和-est的形式,或在单词前加 more和most构成。 3)特殊形式的比较级和最高级: 英文中有些形容词的比较级和最高级的变化是不规则的。如: 原级比较级最高级 good/well better best bad/ill worse worst far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/oldest little less least many/much more most late later/latter latest/last ※对于上述形容词中有两种不同形式的特殊比较级和最高级用法做一下说明: a) farther/farthest和further/furthest的比较 四个词都可以表示实际的距离。但是further/furthest可用于指抽象意义,表示―进一步的,更深入的‖。 further study进一步研究 b) older/oldest和elder/eldest的比较 elder/eldest主要用来表示家庭成员之间的长幼关系 my elder brother我的哥哥his eldest son他的长子 在有than的比较句中一般不用elder,要用older.

形容词和副词讲义

形容词和副词 (一)形容词的根本功效及其在句子中的地位 解释人或事物的特点.性质或状况,经常运用来润饰名词或不定代词的词叫形容词. 1.形容词作定语,放在名词之前,不定代词之后. e.g.The beautiful girl is my sister.谁人英俊的女孩是我的妹妹. I have something important to tell you.我有重要的工作要告知你. 2.作表语,放在系动词之后. e.g.Our school is big and clean.我们的黉舍又大又清洁. I felt terrible this morning.我今天早上认为不舒畅. 3.作宾语补足语,放在宾语之后. e.g.You must keep your eyes closed.你必须闭上眼睛. I find it hard to travel around the big city.我发明在这个大城 市观光很难. 4.某些形容词放在定冠词之后,变成名词,暗示一类人.罕有词有 good/bad,rich/poor,young/old,deaf/blind,black/white,living/dea d等. e.g.The rich should help the poor.富人应当帮忙穷汉. The young should be polite to the old.年青人应当对老年人有礼貌. (二)形容词比较等级的组成:原级.比较级和最高等 规矩变更

不规矩变更 留意:不规矩变更的比较级和最高等要背熟. (三)形容词原级用法 1.解释人或事物自身的特点.性质和状况时用形容词原级. e.g.The flowers in the garden are beautiful.这花圃里的花很美. 2.有暗示绝对概念的副词very,so,too,enough,quite等润饰时用形容词原级. e.g.The boy is too young.这男孩太小了. Math is very difficult.数学很难. 3.暗示A与B在某一方面程度雷同或不合时用形容词原级. (1)确定句中的构造:“A…+as+形容词原级+as+B” e.g.English is as interesting as Chinese.英语和语文一样有味.

形容词和副词讲义

形容词和副词 (一)形容词的基本功能及其在句子中的位置 说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态,常用来修饰名词或不定代词的词叫形容词。 1.形容词作定语,放在名词之前,不定代词之后。 e.g.The beautiful girl is my sister.那个漂亮的女孩是我的妹妹。 I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你。 2.作表语,放在系动词之后。 e.g.Our school is big and clean.我们的学校又大又干净。 I felt terrible this morning.我今天早上感到不舒服。 3.作宾语补足语,放在宾语之后。 e.g.You must keep your eyes closed.你必须闭上眼睛。 I find it hard to travel around the big city.我发现在这个大城市旅行很难。 4.某些形容词放在定冠词之后,变成名词,表示一类人。常见词有good/bad,rich/poor,young/old,deaf/blind,black/white,living/dead等。 e.g.The rich should help the poor.富人应该帮助穷人。 The young should be polite to the old.年轻人应该对老年人有礼貌。 (二)形容词比较等级的构成:原级、比较级和最高级 规则变化 不规则变化

(三)形容词原级用法 1.说明人或事物自身的特征、性质和状态时用形容词原级。 The boy is too young. Math is very difficult.数学很难。 3.表示A与B在某一方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。 (1)肯定句中的结构:“A…+as+形容词原级+as+B” e.g.English is as interesting as Chinese.英语和语文一样有趣。 Xiao Ming is as tall as Jim.小明和吉姆一样高。 (2)否定句中的结构:“A…+as/so+形容词原级+as+B” e.g.This book isn’t as new as that one.这本书不如那本书新。 I am not so careful as Lucy.我没有露西仔细。 (3)表示“A是B的……倍”时,用“A…+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”结构。(一次:once,两次:twice,三次以上:数字+times) e.g.Our school is three times as big as theirs.我们学校是他们学校的三倍。 This table is twice as long as that one.这张桌子是那张桌子的两倍长。 (四)形容词比较级用法 1.表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级,最明显的提示词是than,其结构为“A…+比较级 +than+B”。 e.g.Li Lei’s room is bigger than mine.李雷的房间比我的大。 This mooncake is nicer than that one.这块月饼比那块好吃。 注意:为了避免重复,在从句中常用the one,that,those等词来替代前面出现过的名词。其中the one替代可数名词单数形式,the ones或those替代可数名词复数形式,that替代不可数名词。 e.g.The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter. 北京的天气比广州的天气冷。 2.有表示程度的副词a little,a bit,a few,a lot,much,even,still,far,rather,any等修饰时,用形容词比较级。 e.g.I feel even worse now.我现在觉得更难受了。 It is much colder today than before.今天比以前冷得多。 3.表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更……”时,用句型“Whi ch/Who is+形容词比较级,A or B?”表示。 e.g.Who is taller, Li Ming or Wang Tao?李明和王涛哪一个高一些? Which sweater is more beautiful, the yellow one or the pink one? 哪一件毛衣更漂亮,黄色还是粉红色的? 4.表示“几倍于……”时,用“倍数+比较级+than”表示。 e.g.I am three years older than you.我比你大三岁。 5.表示“两者之间最……一个(o f the two)”时,常用“the+比较级”结构。 e.g.Mary is the taller of the twins. Mary是双胞胎中的高个子。

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