CATTI二级笔译：如何备考人事部翻译资格考试
一、先要熟悉题型。
综合能力考试分三个部分，第一部分是词汇和语法，要求考生掌握词的含义，同义词和近义词之间的区别。语法部分，检查考生分析句子的能力。第二部分是阅读，有50道选择题。第三部分是完形填空，是一篇短文20 个空，每个空只能填一个单词。在实务考试中，分为外翻中和中翻外两个部分。二级和三级不同的是，有必译题和选译题。选译题二选一照顾到了专业性，一篇涉及到文科方面，一道题涉及到理科方面，考生根据自己的专业、自己的兴趣自由选择。
二、根据考试题型安排复习。
1 、把扩大词汇量与注重对词汇的掌握结合起来。
综合能力检验的是对词汇量和对单词掌握的程度，就是会不会用词。掌握一定数量的词汇和具备比较扎实的语法知识是翻译的基础，没有大的词汇量根本没有办法顺利完成翻译。考试前，应该如何准备才能在短期内，让词汇量有较明显的提高呢？翻译资格考试注重实用，以考核学生对语言的综合运用能力为主。
考生在掌握好基本的词汇同时，尤其值得注意的是一些固定搭配的词汇、俚语或成语，和在特定场合或在专业领域里有着不同解释的词汇。首先，可以对于词汇应先有一个大致的分类，比如，旅游类的专业词汇、政治时事方面的专业词汇等等。第二，还可以结合平时总结出来的出现频率较高的词汇作一个归类，这样复习起词汇来就更有针对性。第三，背单词合理的时间是自己的零碎时间，不是整块时间。应该理智地制定目标，我们的目的是在短期内“识词”，即把它熟悉到见到头脑中能反映出意思的程度，在今后使用中不断重复出现，就能牢记在心了，不要期望在短期内就能掌握并运用好一个生词。
我觉得背单词要用“多管齐下”的方法，首先要嘴巴去读，第二手要写，第三脑子要想。把这三个方面都要做好。如果是简单的背单词，今天背一百，明天再背一百，背到一定时候就会发现脑子里还是一片生词。翻译考试是要求考生有一定数量的词汇量（三级在8000 左右、二级在10000 左右），但也是强调掌握词汇的质量，也就是说不仅要认识，还要能正确地使用。因此，词汇是要背，要经常复习，通过阅读和做一些翻译练习来不断地掌握词的含义和用法。在学新的单词的时候，也不要忘记把已掌握的单词弄扎实了。
2 、重点的重点：
阅读练习阅读是翻译资格考试中的重点之重点，考试综合能力阅读部分对于词汇量和阅读速度都有很高的要求。在日常阅读练习时，要默读文章两到三遍，速度可以稍微快些，以了解文章的内容为主，遇到陌生的短语和生词尽量不要翻看课
后的单词注解或查字典，要学会从上下文的联系来掌握他们的含义。这样的能力对学员来说至关重要，因为在将来翻译阅读的过程中，我们难免会遇到看不懂或听不懂的情况，在没有老师可以请教、没有资料可以参考的情况下，只能根据当时的情景运用猜测的方法解决问题。另外，经过动脑筋猜测这一过程，再去记忆文章后单词短语，往往印象更深，花的时间更少。
考生们有必要运用一些阅读技巧，避免重复阅读，不要浪费宝贵的时间。翻译资格考试注重学生实际应用能力的考核，考试中的阅读短文来自英语国家的报刊、书籍，涉及政治、外交、贸易、科技、工业、农业等，因此考生平时的阅读范围也就要广泛。考生在复习阶段可以多熟悉这几类的新闻报道内容，对近期发生的新闻事件做到心中有数。在平时阅读中，选材要结合考试的要求和自己的实际情况，不可太简单，也不能超出自己的水平太多；还要注意对文章进行分段，总结段义，结合注释，精读文章。
了解了文章的大意之后，就可以从对文章进行细致地研读了，一方面要吃透句型结构、词语的搭配、固定短语在句子中的用法，另一方面也不要忘了结合上下文反复体会每一句乃至每一段的含义。我在精读难度较大的文章时，碰到难以理解的句子就常常回溯到句子所在段落的开头，琢磨上文与此句的关系，有时也会继续读下去，从下文中找到理解此句的线索。如果能够坚持以上下文作为学习的支柱，将来对文章思想内容的整体把握能力就会有很大提高，阅读理解能力自然也就增强了。当然，做到这点的前提是要具备一定的词汇量，否则也无法从上下文里找线索了。
我在此需要强调的是，考生还要阅读一些中文资料，丰富和扩大知识面，同时也能提高自己的中文词汇量和表达水平，为外翻中做准备。
精读文章的同时，应该做点短语翻译、介词填空、短文填空，这对巩固语法知识、提高知识运用水平很有帮助。这样的练习题很多，可以从专业八级考试用书、外文出版社出的全国翻译资格考试用书里也有不少的练习题。通过这些练习，进一步加深自己对词的用法和考试技巧的了解，也可以提高考试的速度和准确度。
准备完形填空和阅读理解题时，也需要将以前试题的相应题目逐一分析、总结。对于完形填空来说，可以总结一下哪些语法结构和搭配常在试题中出现，这些结构和搭配出现在试题里的时候，上下文一般会出现什么语言标志等等。完形填空更多地是考语感，考的是对文章理解的程度和准确度、考的是对一些介词和连词的理解和掌握的程度。
3 、翻译实务部分
笔译考试考的是实用性和实际的翻译能力，所以在笔译实务选材上，英译中方面更多的是选自英语国家的原文，更集中在英美人士写的文章。中译英一般来自中国的报刊、书籍发表的原文，大家准备的时候有所侧重，尤其是要注意掌握关于
中国情况的基本知识、一些从中文翻译介绍给国外、世界的其他国家人看的报刊、杂志方面的材料。
由于客观条件的限制和以往一些对翻译的错误理解，很多人在英语学习的过程中很少或根本就没有进行过系统的翻译训练，更缺乏对翻译基本要求、过程以及翻译标准等一些常识的基本了解，因此在考前复习一筹莫展，无从下手，考试中也不知道如何是达到要求。任何事情都有其内在的规律，翻译也不例外。
翻译不是简单的语言符号的变化，绝对不是字对字的简单又机械的对上就可以了，而是两种语言所代表的文化之间的转换。这个考试就是考考生对翻译的理解和具体的翻译过程中的两门语言间的处理能力。翻译实际上是一个转换人思维的过程，翻译出来是英文，就应该用英文去思考，绝对不能用汉语去思考。
用汉语思考出来的句子肯定是受母语干扰的，经常想一想英美人会怎么说，翻译出来的句子才到位。这说起来是几句话，但要做到，非下苦功夫不可，需要大量的阅读来提高自己的语感，没有大量和广博的阅读，是不可能做好翻译的，无论是笔译还是口译，都需要平时的积累。一个词，一个句子的积累。经过多年的磨练和积累，才能悟出来什么是翻译，怎么样才是个好的译文，才能使自己的译文达到一个较高的层次。
因此，考生在备考时应通过大量的翻译实践，来体会和掌握一些英译汉过程中经常采用的翻译技巧，更应注意细心地体会英语和汉语之间的差异，总结其中的翻译规律，同时要特别注意考试的目的和要求。但要切记，考试不是唯一的目的，掌握翻译的要求、翻译的标准和基本的方法、具备了翻译的能力才是根本目的。
外语和中文之间的翻译是两种语言之间的转化，不仅要求有一定的扎实的外语基础，同样也要求汉语的水平要高。内容和风格上要忠实原文，要“信”，无论中译英还是英译中，首先要传达意思，外译中最后是给中国人看的，中文表达要符合中国人的习惯。外翻中的稿件，正确理解原文不言而喻是非常重要的，理解是基础，作不好英译中的首要问题是对原文理解不透，英语文章同样也有它的背景知识和背后的深层意思，这往往是中国人很难吃透和把握好的。作者写这篇文章的目的是什么，你对背景知识是否了解，是否做了研究、分析，有的时候还要阅读一些有关的书籍和文章来更好地把握原文作者所处的时代和文化背景，对原文作者要有更多的了解。第二是在表达上要流畅。在充分理解了原文及其有关的背景的基础上，原文意思的掌表达就是关键了。
如果原文是一篇很美的散文，如果翻译中文水平不高，译文就会成为一杯白开水。翻译过来的汉语常常有一种外语的味道，很别扭，需要润色，符合汉语的表达习惯，表达如同写一篇汉语作文！要在基本忠实原文的风格和文化、历史背景的情况下，有意识地发挥自己的写作能力来表达所理解的语义。
因此，生在复习时也应该注意训练自己的汉语的学习和汉语表达能力的提高。学习外语的学生往往会忽视中文的学习，这是目前存在的一个通病。在很多目前译文和考生的考试答卷中, 存在使用汉语表达能力差、用词不准、译文疙疙瘩瘩、违反汉语表达习惯和基本常识等现象。
中翻外的时候，要求考生具有一定的汉语能力，能对原文有比较透彻的理解能力。这两门语言之间的处理，就是考生的任务了。在选词方面，不仅要注意固定搭配的词组，还要注重单词的内涵。考生翻译后的文章，自己要先通读一遍，检查译文是否连贯、通顺。翻译一定要有全局观念，整篇文章的翻译要在风格、意思和布局上要有一致性和连贯性。
做完一篇翻译后，一定要通读全文，有不通顺的句子就会在通读中显露出来：有的时候译文看似通顺，但与原文差距很大，这是理解问题；有的译文有上下文脱离联系的现象, 存在错译、漏译的问题；无论是从日常翻译标准还是从翻译考试的角度说，要想在翻译上得到比较好的分数，要对译文的全局有一个良好的把握是十分重要的，这个把握是在读懂原文的基础上，译文的风格要能比较准确地反映出原文的风格和所表达的文化的和所在时期的特征。
在日常翻译和翻译资格考试中，时常会出现熟词也不确定了的情况，这就要借助字典。建议大家平时至少要准备三本字典，英汉、汉英和英英，最好还要预备一本汉语词典。在平时做翻译的时候，查词典也是一个基本功。遇到生词，要注意看上下文，可以根据周围语义关系给它一个合理的译法，不一定要照搬词典上的意思。在英译汉时，要在使用英汉词典的同时，还要多查英英字典，以便了解词的深层次的差异，做到用准词、用活词，切忌从字典上找到个词就搬过来，很容易错译，或者把你引到一条歪路上去，导致通篇译文全错。在翻译中，第一要理解句子的语法结构；第二要理解单词在所给语境中的特定含义，这是翻译的两个主要基本因素。
提高翻译水平通过三个环节，一是选择难度适当、体裁广泛的原文，不要贪多，取一小段，根据自己原来学的方法、技巧等去完成。第二步请翻译老师、英语专家或是参加培训，请培训老师对译稿进行核对、进行润色。找一个更高水平的人对译稿进行分析，找出差距，系统总结，发现自己的薄弱环节是大有裨益的。第三步应该总结，修改后要仔细研读，用心分析人家为什么这样改，在今后的翻译中注意避免同样的错误，这样一点点地逐步积累，自然而然地就能提高翻译水平了。
考生们需要做的就是认真分析近年试题，以便在复习的时候有的放矢。现在的考试题目，越来越倾向于考察考生运用所学知识分析解决问题的能力，比如说，单纯考察固定搭配的题目有所减少，这就要求考生在复习的时候不要把过多精力放在死背课本单词和固定搭配上，而应该多拿出些时间熟悉出题模式，总结规律，体会到考试的要求和标准。经过对考题的分析，把握了出题思路，那些所谓“难题”的庐山真面目也就会一清二楚，考生们应考的信心也就会增强。
一个好的翻译应该是个“杂家”，对语言、语法、词汇了解的非常透彻，对各行各业的知识、各个领域的知识有所了解。你不一定是经济学家，但是要了解经济学，你不一定是法学家，但是要对法律了解。我建议大家，如果热衷于翻译事业，要持之以恒，长期目标，脚踏实地一步一个脚印的去做，翻译不是一天两天的能成功的。翻译工作是个无底洞，每次翻译完了，还是感到有需要学习的地方。
汉译英的水平的提高，主要是提高英语表达能力，汉译英是从中文翻译成英文，读者是英美人，作这个翻译时要换个思维方式，中文翻译成英文后英美人是否能接受、是否符合英美人的表达习惯，目前我们的翻译作品中很多的中国式的英语，外国人是看不懂的。英译中，译文要符合中国人的阅读习惯，现在也同样可以看到很多从国外翻译过来的文章，很晦涩的语言表达，带有很明显的原文痕迹，这也同样不是真正的中文。
作翻译一定要虚心，还要讲究良好的职业道德。不懂的就要向专家或者书籍、词典请教，切不可不懂装懂，为了个人的面子或者经济利益而损害了客户和读者的利益，这样的例子在今年来也是层出不穷。翻译是中外双方联系和交往的桥梁，所以要为读者、为客户负责。从更大的方面说，要对我国的对外开放、对外的政治、文化、外交和经济交流负责。
干部人事档案造假问题处理办法(试行) 第一条为贯彻全面从严治党、从严管理监督干部的要求,坚决整治干部人事档案造假问题,维护干部人事档案的真实性、严肃性,提升干部工作的公信力,根据《中华人民共和国档案法》《党政领导干部选拔任用工作条例》《干部档案工作条例》等法律法规,制定本办法。 第二条本办法适用于对公务员、参照公务员法管理人员、国有企业和事业单位领导人员等档案造假行为的处理。 第三条对干部人事档案造假问题进行处理,坚持实事求是、准确定性,坚持区别情况、恰当处理,坚持宽严相济、惩教结合。 第四条本办法所称干部人事档案造假,是指以谋取不正当利益为目的,采取篡改、伪造等手段,造成干部信息失真失实的行为。 第五条有下列情形之一的,认定为干部人事档案造假行为： （一）篡改、伪造出生时间、参加工作时间、入党时间、学习经历、工作履历、民族成份等信息的； （二）篡改、伪造公务员(干部)、企事业单位人员身份等材料的； （三）篡改、伪造学历、学位等材料的； （四）篡改、伪造评(聘)专业技术职称(职务)等材料的； （五）篡改、伪造加入中国共产党或者民主党派等材料的； （六）篡改、伪造党代会代表、人大代表、政协委员等材料的； （七）篡改、伪造录(聘)用、招工、入伍、转业安置、工资待遇等材料的； （八）篡改、伪造考核、考察、任免、鉴定、政审等材料的； （九）篡改、伪造评先评优、奖励等材料的； （十）擅自抽取、撤换、添加、销毁档案材料的； （十一）冒用、顶替他人身份等材料,在入学、入伍、招工、招录等方面谋取不正当利益的；（十二）存在其他篡改、伪造情形的。 第六条有下列情形之一的,对当事人进行处理: （一）直接或者请托他人对本人档案材料实施造假的; （二）本人亲属、特定关系人及其他有关人员对本人档案材料实施造假,本人知情、默许,或者当时不知情但知情后未及时向组织报告的; （三）对档案中有关问题,拒不配合组织调查,不如实说明情况或者提供虚假情况的; （四）存在其他违规违纪违法情形的。 第七条有下列情形之一的,对直接责任人(包括干部人事档案材料形成部门、干部工作机构、干部人事档案工作机构的有关人员和其他参与造假人员)进行处理: （一）接受他人请托或者利用职务、工作上的便利,直接实施造假的； （二）违规查阅、借阅、转递档案等,为他人造假提供方便的； （三）不认真履行职责,对发现存在明显问题的档案材料不及时报告、不按照规定处理的；（四）在干部人事档案造假问题调查工作中,隐瞒、歪曲事实真相,提供虚假材料或者销毁有关证据的； （五）存在其他违规违纪违法情形的。 第八条有下列情形之一的,对有关领导人员进行处理: （一）授意、指使或者纵容、默许有关部门和人员实施档案造假行为的； （二）干扰、阻挠有关部门对档案造假问题进行调查、处理的； （三）拒不执行上级处理意见或者违规变通处理的；
2015年CATTI一级笔译英译汉试题 原文： Conventional business wisdom is big on perfection. We are constantly exhorted to give 100 per cent – or even a mathematically impossible 110 per cent. But is this really the absolute virtue it is held up to be? Or is there a case to be made for doing a “good enough” job most of the time? There are two well-known rules that suggest the latter is valid. The first is the Pareto Principle (or the 80-20 rule), which states that 80 per cent of consequences stem from 20 per cent of causes. The second is the law of diminishing returns, which suggests that, as you near 100 per cent, you expend proportionally more effort on the remaining work. Graham Allcott, author of How to be a Productivity Ninja, says that people often look at tasks the wrong way – they focus on the detail of what they are doing, rather than the impact it has. “It is actually far more practical to think in terms of the 80-20 rule and focus ruthlessly on doing things that have the greatest impact.” He also recommends that you delegate the mundane parts of tasks that anyone can do. However, many people find this difficult because they are wedded to the idea of delivering their very best. As business psychologist Karen Moloney says: “Perfection is how they define themselves and to let anything out of their hands that isn’t 100 per cent goes against their sense of professional pride.” She says the trick is to remember it is about delivering what the business needs, not what you want to give. People who are natural perfectionists tend to see not giving 100 per cent as a failing. But you can reframe this by telling yourself that knowing which tasks do not need 100 per cent demonstrates good judgment. Holding on to a task or project by forever adding that extra 1 per cent can sometimes be driven by a fear of being judged on the end result. It is therefore worth reminding yourself of the Steve Jo bs quote: “Real artists ship.” One way to avoid running up against the law of diminishing returns is to set yourself deadlines. But rather than set fake deadlines that you know can be moved, Mr Allcott recommends making yourself accountable to someone else. That way, you will shift from “I could deliver any time next week” to “I’ll look bad in front of my boss i f I don’t deliver by Tuesday”. Perhaps the most difficult thing to deal with, however, is not your own desire to give 100 per cent but your boss’s desire to see you give 100 per cent . Again, says Ms Moloney, you need to make it about what you deliver: “Explain to your boss you can accomplish far more if you don’t dot every I and cross every T.”
2019年6月全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试 英语二级《口译实务》试题 Section 1: English-Chinese translation(英译汉)(50points) Passage 1 When I came here last year, it was 9 months after the agreement was signed by OPEC members and non-OPEC countries. Now we have been out of 3 years of recession. cooperation between 25 countries has helped bring back stability, having a positive impact on world economy and trade. In the past 20 months, the change in the situations is like day and night. However, it’s not the time for us to rest on the su ccess. We should continue to build a healthy and stable market. Despite the recovery, there are still factors that are out of our control: geopolitical crises, disputes between countries and natural disasters. It is important for us to handle these risks and it is crucial to the market in the short term and in the long term. We are in support of the Paris Agreement, which is the most important document about climate change and sustainable energy. Historically, people think renewable energy is the only choice for the future, but I think this idea is misleading. Actually, we need a diversity of energy sources, rather than just one source. New renewable energy sources like solar and wind power are developing rapidly and the share of hydroelectric power remains stable.
人事部和组织部区别 人事部：总体概念是一个企业或者团体的人力资源的管理部门 组织部是中共中央主管组织工作和干部工作的职能部门。 人事部职责：1.负责制定公司人事管理制度，实施并提出合理化意见和建议 2.负责合理配置劳动岗位控制劳动力总量。 3.负责人事考核、考查工作。建立人事档案资料库，规范人才培养、考查选拔工作程序，组织定期或不定期的人事考核、选拔工作； 4.编制劳动力平衡计划和工资计划。抓好劳动力的合理流动和安排； 5.制定劳动人事统计工作制度。 6.负责做好公司员工劳动纪律管理工作。定期或不定期抽查公司劳动纪律执行情况，及时考核，负责办理考勤、奖惩、差假、调动等管理工作； 7.严格遵守"劳动法"及地方政府劳动用工政策和公司劳动管理制度，负责招聘、录用、辞退工作，组织签订劳动合同，依法对员工实施管理； 8.负责核定各岗位工资标准。做好劳动工资统计工作，负责对日常工资、加班工资的报批和审核工作，办理考勤、奖惩、差假、调动等工作； 9.负责对员工劳保用品定额和计划管理工作； 10.配合有关部门做好安全教育工作。 11.负责编制培训大纲，抓好员工培训工作 中央组织部的主要职责是： (一)研究和指导党组织特别是党的基层组织的建设，探索在各类新的经济组织中党组织的设置和活动方式的有关问题；研究、协调和指导党员教育，主管党员的管理和发展工作；组织开展新时期党的建设和理论研究。 (二)提出关于省、直辖市，自治区和国务院部、委、办、行、署、大专院校以及其他列入中央管理的领导班子调整、配备的意见和建议；负责中央管理干部的考察及其任免、工资、待遇、出国(境)、军转安置、退(离)休审批手续的办理；负责干部档案和干部统计工作的综合指导；指导省、直辖市和自治区领导班子的思想作风建设；负责省、直辖省、自治区和国务院有关部委行署办机关部级干部职务任免的备案审查和宏观管理工作；承办部分干部的调配、交流及安置事宜；制订或参与制订组织、干部、人事工作的重要政策和制度。 (三)组织落实培养选拔中青年干部、妇女干部、少数民族干部、非党干部的有关规划或方
Section 1: English-Chinese Translation （英译汉）（ 60 point ） This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". Translate the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into Chinese. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 100 minutes. Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（30 points） Until recently, scientists knew little about life in the deep sea, nor had they reason to believe that it was being threatened. Now, with the benefit of technology that allows for deeper exploration, researchers have uncovered a remarkable array of species inhabiting the ocean floor at depths of more than 660 feet, or about 200 meters. At the same time, however, technology has also enabled fishermen to reach far deeper than ever before, into areas where bottom trawls can destroy in minutes what has taken nature hundreds and in some cases thousands of years to build. Many of the world's coral species, for example, are found at depths of more than 200 meters. It is also estimated that roughly half of the world's highest seamounts - areas that rise from the ocean floor and are particularly rich in marine life - are also found in the deep ocean. These deep sea ecosystems provide shelter, spawning and breeding areas for fish and other creatures, as well as protection from strong currents and predators. Moreover, they are believed to harbor some of the most extensive reservoirs of life on earth, with estimates ranging from 500,000 to 100 million species inhabiting these largely unexplored and highly fragile ecosystems. Yet just as we are beginning to recognize the tremendous diversity of life in these areas, along with the potential benefits newly found species may hold for human society in the form of potential food products and new medicines, they are at risk of being lost forever. With enhanced ability both to identify where these species-rich areas are located and to trawl in deeper water than before, commercial fishing vessels are now beginning to reach down with nets the size of football fields, catching everything in their path while simultaneously crushing fragile corals and breaking up the delicate structure of reefs and seamounts that provide critical habitat to the countless species of fish and other marine life that inhabit the deep ocean floor. Because deep sea bottom trawling is a recent phenomenon, the damage that has been done is still limited. If steps are taken quickly to prevent this kind of destructive activity from occurring on the high seas, the benefits both to the marine environment and to future generations are incalculable. And they far outweigh the short-term costs
人事部三级笔译（CATTI）2007.11英译汉真题 One of the biggest decisions Andy Blevins has ever made, and one of the few he now regrets, never seemed like much of a decision at all. It just felt like the natural thing to do. 安迪布莱文思曾做过的最大的、同时也是他现在极少为之后悔的决定之一，看起来一点也不像个决定。倒像是自然而然做的事。 In the summer of 1995, he was moving boxes of soup cans, paper towels and dog food across the floor of a supermarket warehouse, one of the biggest buildings here in southwest Virginia. The heat was brutal. The job had sounded impossible when he arrived fresh off his first year of college, looking to make some summer money, still a skinny teenager with sandy blond hair and a narrow, freckled face. 1995年夏天，他在一家超市的仓库上班，把汤罐头、纸巾和狗粮箱子在地板上搬来搬去，这家超市是弗吉尼亚西南部最大的建筑物之一。天气酷热。他刚到这开始第一个学年时，希望在暑期挣点外快，这份工作在那时显得不可思议。当时他还是个瘦得皮包骨的十几岁的小伙子，有着沙质金发和瘦削的布满雀斑的脸。 But hard work done well was something he understood, even if he was the first college boy in his family. Soon he was making bonuses on top of his $6.75 an hour, more money than either of his parents made. His girlfriend was around, and so were his hometown buddies. Andy acted more outgoing with them, more relaxed. People in Chilhowie noticed that. 但是，他明白应该把坚苦的工作干好，即使他是他家族的第一个大学生。很快，他挣的钱高达6.75美元一小时，比他父母挣得都多。他有女友和同乡作伴。安迪待他们更友好宽容。芝尔豪伊镇的人注意到了。 It was just about the perfect summer. So the thought crossed his mind: maybe it did not have to end. Maybe he would take a break from college and keep working. He had been getting C’s and D’s, and college never felt like home, anyway. 这只是个完美的夏天。于是一丝念头闪过他的脑海，兴许这一切不必结束，兴许他可以暂时休学继续工作。他的学业成绩得了一些C和D，无论如何，大学从来不像家里。 "I enjoyed working hard, getting the job done, getting a paycheck," Mr. Blevins recalled. "I just knew I didn’t want to quit." “我喜欢努力干活，完成工作，挣一份薪水，”布莱文思回忆说。“我只知道我不想离开。” So he quit college instead, and with that, Andy Blevins joined one of the largest and fastest-growing groups of young adults in America. He became a college dropout, though nongraduate may be the more precise term. 于是他反而退了学，随之加入了美国最大和成长最快的年轻人群体之一。他成了辍学生，尽管未毕业也许是更准确的定义。 Many people like him plan to return to get their degrees, even if few actually do. Almost one in three Americans in their mid-20’s now fall into this group, up from one in five in the late 1960’s, when the Census
人事行政部考试试题 一、填空题： 1、联华核心价值观体现为：联华人，联华人的团结、务实、好学、使命感，努力为顾客为他人着想。 2、联华人的个人修养：1.自强不息；2.慎始如终；3.在别人否定自己之前先自我否定。 3、联华经营文化的核心：高质量的服务；在市场竞争中取胜，第一靠质量，第二靠质量，第三还靠质量。 4、各部门需要增加人员时，应由部门主管到人事部领取招聘审批表按要求填写完毕后，交人事行政部。 5、招聘管理部门人员过程中须填写报名表。 6、试用期过后，员工欲主动解除劳动关系辞职时，应提前向30天向公司递交书面的员工离职交接手续清单。 7、员工必须按时上下班，不迟到，不早退，不无故缺勤。 8、迟到早退每次在1小时以内的，按每10分钟20元处罚，不到10分钟的按10分钟计算。 9、迟到早退每次在1小时以上，2小时以下的，由该员工向其部门经理申请休假，经批准后按半天公休或事假处理，如未获批准则按旷工处理。 10、员工自入职之日起工作满一年享受5天年假，1-10年可享受5天年假，10（含）-20年可享受10天年假，20（含）年以上可享受15天年假 11、年休假原则上当年休完，过期作废，如有特殊情况未休完的报部长室批准延期到下一年度续休。 12、转正考核的流程为：填写员工考核评估表→部门主管意见→人力资源部管理部意见→总经理室意见 二、判断题： 1、执行力对一个企业来说非常重要，对一个企业来说没有执行力，就没有竞争力。（√） 2、团结协作对我们来讲就是要团结友爱、分工协作。（×） 3、作为联华的一名员工应该具有与公司一起发展的想法。（√） 4、早退是指未到下班时间而离岗者。（×） 5、未请假或假满未及时续假而不到岗的情形属旷工行为。（√）
人的培训；指导、协调、检查省、直辖省、自治区和国务院部委行署办的干部教育工作。(六)调查了解知识分子工作情况，参与制订知识分子政策，检查贯彻执行知识分子政策的情况，组织、指导部分杰出专家开展有关活动。 (七)承办中共中央和中央政治局交办的其他事项。 组织部门的工作功能主要表现在以下几个方面: 1.服务功能 服务于党的政治路线和中心任务,是新时期党的组织工作的基本原则。组织部门作为具体负责党的组织工作的业务部门,其服务职能十分明显。具体表现在,一是在组织工作方面直接为党委服务;二是为广大干部、党员服务,人称"干部之家"、"党员之家";三是通过完成组织工作任务,直接间接地为党的政治路线服务。2.参谋功能 组织部门需要经常调查研究、掌握情况,对所管辖的党组织、党员和干部的情况比较了解,对上级有关组织工作的方针政策和指示规定比较熟悉。因此,在组织工作方面有较大的发言权。组织部门应按照党在各个不同时期、不同阶段的政治路线和组织路线的要求,及时向党委提出调整所属领导班子、加强党组织建设的建议,提出加强干部队伍建设的规划,培养、使用干部的措施和方案等,给党委当好参谋。 3.执行功能 组织部门是在党委领导下具体负责组织工作的业务部门,党委是组织工作的决策和领导机
构,组织、干部部门是执行机构。凡党的建设和干部工作的重大问题,一旦经党委讨论决定后,组织部门要认真、坚决执行,不能自作主张,另搞一套。 4.管理功能 组织部门是协助党委管理党组织、党员和干部的职能部门。组织部门要根据党中央和本级党委的指示与意图,加强对党的组织成分、组织形式、组织制度的管理,加强对干部的; "进"、"训"、"升"、"调"、"出"、"退"、"离"的管理,负责有关计划、政策规定、文件的起草及统计、登记等具体管理工作。 5.指导功能 组织部门在组织工作方面有检查指导的职能。主要表现在三个方面:一是各级组织部门对所属单位党组织建设的指导;二是各级组织部门对所属单位整个干部工作的计划指导与政策指导;三是上级组织部门对下级组织部门的具体业务指导。 6.监督功能组织部门的监督功能主要体现在检查、监督各级党组织和党委是否认真遵守党纲、党章、党的路线方针政策,是否认真落实党的各项制度,是否严格遵守党纪国法并发挥其应有的作用,是否认真贯彻党的干部路线方针政策,党中央和上级党委关于干部工作的各项指示是否得到落实等。 组织部门的七个作用: 1.指导作用 党的组织工作对下级党委、基层党组织贯彻执行党的基本路线、上级党委的指示和决议、民
. 选词练习。 1.The play runs 100 nights. 2.Dr Hunter was one of the most revered figures in the world of learning. 3.Emancipating the mind means studying and respecting objective laws and acting in accordance with these laws. 4.The Constitution has supreme legal authority. 5.But, in a world of diverse national, cultural, and ideological perspectives, there has never been a prospect of such substantive uniformity. 6.He has the right to vote and to stand for election. 7.Every life has its roses and thorns. 8.She felt the mother rise in her breast. 9.Disease comes on horseback but goes off on foot. 10.There is a mixture of tiger and the ape in the character of that guy. 11.After the speaker, awards usually are given out to company employees; this can take longer than getting a mortgage loan from a bank 12.Many lives were lost in that railway accident. 13.Young men should not seek comfort and enjoyment and shirk hardship. 14.Mother needs additional help in the kitchen on weekends. 15.If corporate earnings are disappointing in the next few quarters, the buying spree might disappear. 16.You may pay for your purchase by cash, credit card or check. 17.They are hand in glove with each other. 18.They are hand in glove to suppress the people. 19.He was afraid and ran away. 20.Fight when we can win and ran away when we cannot. 21.John was an aggressive salesman who did his job quite well 22.Hitler pursued an aggressive policy after he seized power. 23.It has been said that the individual American is generous, but the American nation is hard. 24.IBM has a quite handsome increase of productivity this year. 25.The Chinese Americans in the Chinatowns are very self-contained and industrious. 26.The diverse population presents great challenges to the society 27.After hundreds of years of slow growth, the cities are suddenly racing off. 28.The American greeting card and decoration industries encourage the celebration of both religious and secular holidays. 29.No sooner was the avalanche of Christmas cards swept away the publishers began to fill the shops with their novel valentines. 30.The increase in DINK families has shattered the traditional idea of Chinese family. 31.Causal dress has long been the norm for those working in the high-tech sector, but it is beginning to creep into mainstream corporate culture. 32.The popularity of television and the difficulty of financing plays have helped to close many theaters. But now it seems the theater is about to pick up again after a period of decline. 33.I began the day playing tennis with a second-school friend I hadn’t seen for a while. 34.For what seemed an eternity the two held each other and cried, unaware the rest of us standing around in pained, stunned silence. 35.I have read some of this interpretative literature, but without being greatly instructed. 36.…such as an arm wave to move a corresponding object on screen: 37.John Nash is a mathematical genius who was a legend by age thirty when he slipped into madness, and who—thanks to the selflessness of his wife and the loyalty of the mathematics community—emerged after decades of ghostlike existence to win a Nobel Prize 38.Quasimodo became convinced that he was not a bird at all and refuse to fly. 39.There was nothing I could accomplish there. I convinced myself： 40.He stood below it, cooing until someone lifted him up. Lift him up: 41.But if the music was a waltz, he would move round and round the machine, bowing 42.Doctor suggested they might want to spend a few moments with their son.
人事部翻译资格证书（CATTI）2004年5月英语二级《笔译实务》试 题及参考答案 Section 1: English-Chinese Translation（英译汉）（60 point） This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". Translate the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into Chinese. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 100 minutes. Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（30 points） The first outline of The Ascent of Man was written in July 1969and the last foot of film was shot in December 1972. An undertaking as large as this, though wonderfully exhilarating, is not entered lightly. It demands an unflagging intellectual and physical vigour, a total immersion, which I had to be sure that I could sustain with pleasure; for instance, I had to put off researches that I had already begun; and I ought to explain what moved me to do so. There has been a deep change in the temper of science in the last20 years: the focus of attention has shifted from the physical to the life sciences. As a result, science is drawn more and more to the study of individuality. But the interested spectator is hardly aware yet how far-reaching the effect is in changing the image of man that science moulds. As a mathematician trained in physics, I too would have been unaware, had not a series of lucky chances taken me into the life sciences in middle age. I owe a debt for the good fortune that carried me into two seminal fields of science in one lifetime; and though I do not know to whom the debt is due, I conceived The Ascent of Man in gratitude to repay it. The invitation to me from the British Broadcasting Corporation was to present the development of science in a series of television programmes to match those of Lord Clark on Civilisation. Television is an admirable medium- for exposition in several ways: powerful and immediate to the eye, able to take the spectator bodily into the places and processes that are described, and conversational enough to make him conscious that what he witnesses are not events but the actions of people. The last of these merits is to my mind the most cogent, and it weighed most with me in agreeing to cast a personal biography of ideas in the form of television essays. The point is that knowledge in general and science in particular does not consist of abstract but of man-made ideas, all the way from its beginnings to its modern and idiosyncratic models. Therefore the underlying concepts that unlock nature must be shown to arise early and in the simplest cultures of man from his basic and specific faculties. And the development of science which joins them in more and more complex conjunctions must be seen to be equally human: discoveries are made by men, not merely by minds, so that they are alive and charged with individuality. If television is not used to make these thoughts concrete, it is wasted. Part B Optional Translations （二选一题）（30 points） Topic 1 （选题一） It's not that we are afraid of seeing him stumble, of scribbling a mustache over his career. Sure, the nice part of us wants Mike to know we appreciate him, that he still reigns, at least in our memory. The truth, though, is that we don't want him to come back because even for Michael Jordan, this would be an act of hubris so monumental as to make his trademark confidence twist