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新世纪版初中七年级英语常用语法知识——数词知识点总结(含解析)

一、选择题

1.________ surprising brain! Shakuntala only took fifty seconds to solve the problem. A.What B.What a C.What an D.How B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:多么令人惊讶的头脑啊!Shakuntala仅仅用了50秒就解决了问题。

考查感叹句。brain表示“头脑”时,为可数名词。surprising以辅音音素开头,因此前面用不定冠词a,感叹名词时用what。因此感叹句句型为“What a+adj.+主语+谓语!”主谓省略。故选B。

【点睛】

What引导的感叹句:

What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!

What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!

What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!

How引导的感叹句:

How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!

How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!

How+主语+谓语!

2.What ___weather! The wind is blowing strongly.

A.normal B.awful C.lovely D.different B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:多么糟糕的天气啊!风刮得特别厉害。

考查形容词辨析。normal正常的;awful糟糕的;lovely可爱的;different不同的。根据“The wind is blowing strongly.”可知,风刮得很大,所以天气并不好,故选B。

3.___________fine weather it is! Let’s go for a walk.

A.What B.What a C.How D.How a A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:天气真好呀!我们去散步吧!

考查感叹句。What 修饰名词;What a 修饰可数名词单数;How 修饰形容词或副词;How a 不存在。本句中心词为名词weather,需用what修饰,故排除CD;因为weather是不可数名词,不能用a\an修饰,故选A。

【点睛】

感叹句句式有哪些呢?

首先,what是修饰名词的,有以下几种情况:

What + a\an + adj. + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 动词 + 其他!

What + adj. + 可数名词复数\不可数名词+ 主语 + 动词 + 其他!

How修饰形容词或副词或句子:

How + adj.\adv. + 主语 + 动词 + 其他!

How + 句子!

4.—__________fine weather it is! Let's go on a picnic.

—Good idea.

A.What B.What a C.How D.How a A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——多好的天气啊!我们去野餐吧。——好主意。

考查感叹句。英语中的感叹句要有what和how来引导,其句型是:How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他!What+(a/an)+形容词+可数名词/不可数名词+主语+谓语+其他!据空后由fine weather it is!可知这里考查了感叹句,本句的中心词是weather,它是一个不可数名词,故排除C和D;fine是一个形容词,在这里修饰weather,根据What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语!,此空应填What,故排除B,故选A。

5.—Look! Here comes Cindy!_________energetic girl she is!

—So she is.Because she takes a lot of exercise every day.

A.How B.What C.What an D.How a C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——看,辛迪来了。她是一个多么精力充沛的女孩啊!——她就是。因为她每天做很多锻炼。

考查感叹句。how修饰形容词/副词;what修饰名词。首先排除D项。分析题干

“_________energetic girl she is”,去掉主谓she is,还剩下energetic girl,结构为形容词+名词,即形容词修饰名词,中心词为名词,排除A项。再由girl为可数名词单数,故选C。【点睛】

本题考查感叹句式,常用的感叹句式为两种,一个是what引导,一个是how引导。What+a/an+adj+可数名词单数+主+谓;what+adj+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主+谓。

How+adj/adv+主+谓。

6.________exciting football match it was! Many people watched it.

A.What a B.What an C.How D.How a B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:这场足球赛真令人兴奋!很多人都看了。

考查感叹句。此处是感叹句,感叹句有两种,how感叹形容词或副词,what感叹名词,match是名词,用what感叹,排除CD;match是名词的单数,其结构是What+a/an+形容词+名词单数。exciting首字母的发音音素是元音音素用不定冠词an。排除A。根据题意,故选B。

【点睛】

由"what"引导的感叹句:“what”意为“多么”用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词,这类句子的结构形式是:

what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is).

如: What a clever girl she is!

多么聪明的姑娘呀!

What good children they are!

他们是多么好的孩子呀!

What delicious food it is!

多么有味的食物呀!

7.–Your robot has caught a virus and it no longer works properly.

–Wow, ______ mess it has made! I really don’t know _______ to do with it.

A.what, how B.how, how C.what a, what D.how, what C

解析:C

【解析】

句意:——你的机器人已经感染了病毒,它已经不能正常工作了。——哇,真是一团糟!我真的不知道该怎么办。考查感叹句和宾语从句。第一空是感叹句,mess混乱,是单数名词,需用what引导,mess需用不定冠词a修饰。第二空是宾语从句,引导词做do的宾语,how是副词不可做宾语,需用what。根据句意结构,可知选C。

8.The self-diving plane proves to be useful in many ways.___smart invention it is!

A.What B.What a C.What an D.How B

解析:B

【解析】句意:自潜水飞机在很多方面都有用途。多么聪明的发明啊!感叹句一般有两种结构:What +(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!名词是复数或不可数名词,不加a/an。How+形容词+主语+谓语!本句的中心词invention为可数名词单数形式,应该用what来引导,smart以辅音音素开头,前面应该用不定冠词a,故答案为B。

点睛:判断感叹句是由what还是how引导的方法:首先,断句。从句子后面向前看,找到“主语+谓语+其他”部分,把句子断开;其次,观察。观察句子前面剩余部分为名词(词组),还是形容词或副词;再次,加词。若是名词(词组),那么本句由what(a/an)引导;若是形容词或副词,那么本句就由how 引导。

9.—________ cold weather!

—Yes, it is. You should wear warm clothes.

A.What a B.What

C.How D.How a B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——多么寒冷的天气!——是的,很冷。你应该穿暖和的衣服。

考查感叹句用法。感叹句的构成:How+形容词+主语+谓语,What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语,What+形容词+不可数名词或可数名词复数+主语+谓语,weather是一个不可数名词,所以选B。

10.—You enjoyed yourselves during the trip, didn’t you?

— Far from that. ________time we had!

A.What awful B.What an awful

C.How awful D.How an awful B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——你们在旅途中玩得很开心,是吗?——远非如此。我们度过了多么糟糕的时光啊!

考查感叹句,因为“have an awful time过的糟糕”是固定短语,所以排除AC,又因为感叹句句型“What+adj.+n.复数/Un.+(主谓);What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+(主谓);

how+adj./adv.+(主谓)”,故选B。

【点睛】

1,感叹句的两种常见结构:

(1)what引起的感叹句。what作为引导词(又称感叹词),有句中为形容词,充当定语,用来修饰它后面的名词或名词词组。它的结构形式一般有三种:

① What+a/an+形容词+单数名词(+主语+谓语)! What a good time they are having!

② What+形容词+复数名词(+主语+谓语)! What beautiful flowers these are!

③ What+形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语)! What fine weather it is today!

(2)how引起的感叹句。how作为引导词(又称感叹词),在句中为副词,用来修饰后面的形容词或副词。它的结构形式通常也有三种:

① How +形容词(+主语+谓语)! How beautiful Kate is!

② How +副词(+主语+谓语)! How hard he works!

③ How +主语+谓语(+宾语) How time flies!

11.________ useful suggestion you’ve given us!

A.How B.What C.What a D.What an C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:你给我们的建议真有用!

考查感叹句。根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知,这里句子主语是you,谓语是have given,而主语前面还有另外的名词suggestion,且是一个可数名词单数形式,所以这里应

该用不定冠词修饰,useful是辅音音素开头的单词,所以这里应该用a,故选C。

【点睛】

注意英语中感叹句的用法结构。1. What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!2.

What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语! 3. How+形容词/ 副词+主语+谓语! 4. How+主语+谓语!做题时要根据句子结构来分析应该用哪个结构,选择what引导的结构之后,一定要注意所给的名词是否可数,要不要用冠词。本题中suggestion是可数名词,且

是单数形式,且空格后是辅音音素开头,所以要用不定冠词a。

12.________amazing news I have heard!

A.How B.What a C.What an D.What D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我听到了多么惊人的消息啊!

考查感叹句。how修饰形容词或副词,what修饰名词或名词性短语。本句news(新闻)

是不可数名词,需用“What+形容词+不可数名词+(主谓)”结构。根据句意结构,故选D。【点睛】

感叹句通常有以下形式:一、How+形容词〔或副词〕+S+V…! 二、What a [an] +形容词+名

词+S+V…! 若名词为不可数或复数的话,就不能用不定冠词。例如:What bad weather we're having! 多讨厌的天气!三、How+形容词+ a [an] +名词+S+V…!

13.good advice it is!

A.What a B.What C.How a D.How B

解析:B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:多么好的建议呀!根据句意及题干分析此题是考查感叹句,空后中心词是不可数名词advice,所以用what开头,故选B。

考点:考查感叹句的用法

14.—________ fine day! We can fly kites today.

—Yes, let's go.

A.What a B.What C.How D.How a A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——多么好的天气呀!我们今天可以放风筝。——是的,我们去吧。

考查感叹句。英语中感叹句一般有两种结构:what +(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!名词是复数或不可数名词,不加a/an;how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!根据句意理解可知,这

里感叹句中省略了主谓部分,且空格后面的名词是可数名词的单数形式,故用what a来修饰。故选A。

【点睛】

注意英语中感叹句的用法结构。1. What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!2.

What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语! 3. How+形容词/ 副词+主语+谓语! 4. How+主语+谓语!做题时要根据句子结构来分析应该用哪个结构。

15.______ nice food you are cooking for us!

A.How a B.What a C.How D.What D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:你为我们做的饭菜真好!

考查感叹句。英语感叹句由what和how引导,what后面跟名词(名词短语),how后面跟形容词或副词。“nice food”是名词短语,而且food是不可数名词,故此句结构应是:What +形容词+不可数名词单数 +主语 +谓语!故选D。

【点睛】

判断感叹句是由what还是how引导的方法:首先,断句。从句子后面向前看,找到“主语+谓语+其他”部分,把句子断开;其次,观察。观察句子前面剩余部分为名词(词组),还是形容词或副词;若是名词(词组),那么本句是由what引导;若是形容词或副词,

那么本句就由how 引导。

16._____ great progress he has made! I really think it’s _____ great success.

A.What a; 不填B.What; a

C.How; a D.What; 不填B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

试题分析:句意:他已经取得了很大的进步!我真地认为它是一次很大的成功。分析考查感叹句的用法,progress为不可数名词,因此感叹词在运用what同时,不能接不定冠词;一次成功,运用不定冠词a,故选 B。

17.______ unexplored forest it is! There must be a lot of amazing things there.

A.How B.What a C.What D.What an D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:这是一个未开发的森林啊!那里一定有很多令人惊奇的东西。

考查感叹句。英语感叹句由what和how引导,what后面跟名词(短语),how后面跟形容词或副词。unexplored forest是名词短语,且unexplored是元音音素开头的形容词,故此句结构应是:What + an +形容词+可数名词单数 +主语 +谓语!故选D。

【点睛】

判断感叹句是由what还是how引导的方法:首先,断句。从句子后面向前看,找到“主语+谓语+其他”部分,把句子断开;其次,观察。观察句子前面剩余部分为名词(词组),还是形容词或副词;若是名词(词组),那么本句是由what引导;若是形容词或副词,那么本句就由how 引导。

18.______________ important information you have given me!

A.What B.What an A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:你给我了多么重要的信息啊!

考查感叹句。根据句子所给部分可以看出,句子主语是you,谓语是have given,而主语前面还有名词information,且是一个不可数名词,所以前面不可以用冠词,故选A。

【点睛】

注意英语中感叹句的用法结构。1. What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语! 2. What+形容词+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语! 3. How+形容词/ 副词+主语+谓语! 4. How+主语+谓语!做题时要根据句子结构来分析应该用哪个结构。

19.--- Making paper bottles? Wow, great advice!

---Thank you. We may use less plastic in this way.

A.how B.what C.what a D.how a B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:—做纸瓶子?哇,多么好的建议! —谢谢。这样我们可以少用塑料。

本题考查感叹句。What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 其它! What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 + 其他! What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 其他! How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语! How + 副词 + 主语 + 谓语! How + 形容词+a/an+单数名词+主语+谓语!此处advice是不可数名词,因此感叹句用What great advice!故选B。

20.________ sunny day! Let’s go for a picnic.

A.How B.How a C.What D.What a D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:多么晴朗的天啊!让我们一起去野餐吧!

考查感叹句。How多么;how +形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语或How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语;what a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语或what+形容词+不可数名词或可数名词复数+主语+谓语。题干中的中心词day是可数名词单数,sunny的音标是以辅音音素开头的单词,此处用what a符合题意,故选D。

21.—________beautiful day it is! Let’s go and have a picnic in the park. —Good idea!

A.How B.How a C.What D.What a D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——多么美好的一天!让我们去野餐吧!——好主意!

此题考查感叹句,What + a/an + adj+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!How + adj/adv+主语+谓语!根据句子结构,此句中的day是可数名词单数,故选D。

22._________ delicious the food is!

A.What B.What a C.How D.How a C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:这食物是多么的美味呀!这里是感叹句,这里是感叹形容词用how来感叹。其结构是How+形容词+主语+谓语。根据题意,故选C。

23.—As you know, 5G is coming. It will improve our life greatly!

— _________ amazing it is!

A.What B.What an C.How D.How an C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——众所周知,5G即将来临。它将极大地改善我们的生活。——这是多么地令人惊讶啊!

考查感叹句。本句话中,形容词为amazing,且形容词后没有被修饰的名词,所以用“how+adj+主语+谓语”结构。故选C。

【点睛】

感叹句句型

What+a/an+adj+n(可数名词单数)+主谓

What+adj+n(可数名词复数或不可数名词)+主谓

How+adj/adv+主谓

24.— The boy next to me is really quiet and smart.

— Yeah, __________ boy he is !

A.what a unusual B.how unusual C.what an unusual D.how an unusual C 解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——我旁边的男孩真的很安静,很精明。——对,他是多么不寻常的男孩啊!

考查感叹句。boy为可数名词,根据给出部分和句尾感叹号可知,此句感叹句句型为“what+a/an+形容词+可数名词+主语+谓语!”,排除B和D;unusual以元音音素开头,因此前面用不定冠词an修饰。故选C。

感叹句一般由how或what引导。how作状语,修饰形容词、副词或句子;what作定语,修饰名词(名词前可有形容词或冠词)。

What引导的感叹句:

What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!

What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!

What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!

How引导的感叹句:

How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!

How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!

How+主语+谓语!

25.______ awful weather we are having! It’s raining again.

A.What B.What an C.What a D.How A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我们的天气真糟糕!又下雨了。

这里是感叹句,感叹名词用what来感叹,中心词是weather且不可数,其结构是what+形容词+不可数名词。根据题意,故选A。

【点睛】

由"what"引导的感叹句:"what"意为"多么"用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词.这类句子的结构形式是:what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is).

如:

① What a clever girl she is!

多么聪明的姑娘呀!

② What an interesting story it is!

多么有趣的故事呀!

③ What good children they are!

他们是多么好的孩子呀!

④ What beautiful flowers they are!

多么漂亮的花呀!

⑤ What delicious food it is!

多么有味的食物呀!

26._______ great fun they have_______!

A.What; to practise football B.What; playing chess

C.How; playing table tennis D.How; to play the piano B

解析:B

【解析】

句意:他们下棋下得多开心啊!

考查感叹句及非谓语动词。根据固定搭配have fun doing sth做某事很开心,排除A和D,由感叹句的结构:1、How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!2、What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!3、What+形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数+主语+谓语!句子中they是主语,have是谓语,所以great fun是中心词,fun是不可数名词,所以用what修饰,排除C,故选B。

27._________ exciting activity it is to go bike riding!()

A.What a B.What an C.What D.How B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:骑自行车是多么令人兴奋的活动啊!

考查感叹句。在感叹句中,what修饰的中心词是名词,how修饰的中心词是形容词或副词。分析句子可知,本句修饰的中心词是名词activity,所以用what修饰;activity是可数名词单数,所以其前需加不定冠词;又因为exciting首字母发元音音素,故选B。

【点睛】

感叹句用来表示说话人的强烈的感情。

What引导的感叹句的中心词是名词。该名词前常有形容词修饰,句中的主语和谓语一般可省去。句型为:What+(a / an)+形容词+名词+(主语+谓语)!例如:

1) What a cold day (it is)! 今天天气真冷啊!

2) What delicious food (it is)! 多好吃的食物啊!

How引导的感叹句的中心词是形容词或副词。句型为:How+形容词/副词+(主语+谓语)!例如:

1) How cold(it is)today! 今天天气真冷啊!

2) How happily (the boys are playing)!那些男孩们玩得多开心啊!

28.—__________ nice weather! Shall we go boating?

—Good idea.

A.How B.How a C.What D.What a C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——多好的天气啊!我们去划船好吗?——好主意。

考查感叹句。A. How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他;B. How a错误;C. What+形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数+主语+谓语+其他;D. What a+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其他。空后的词nice,形容词,weather不可数名词,主语,谓语都省略了,所以应是what 引导,故选C。

【点睛】

英语感叹句:感叹句是表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子。一般用what和how开头。1.

what引导的感叹句:What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语+其它;What+a+形容词(辅音音素开头)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它;What+an+形容词(元音音素开头)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它。例如:What a lovely boy he is! 2. how引导的感叹句:How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语+其它。例如:How tall the boy is! 本题考查what引导的感叹句。

29.— Look at the photo I took in Dali, Yunnan Province. _____the Dai people were having!

— Wow! They were celebrating the Water Festival.

A.What fun B.How fun

C.What a fun D.How a fun A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——看看这张在云南景洪拍的照片,傣族人玩得多开心呀!——哇,他们是在庆祝泼水节。此题考查感叹句,what引导的感叹句修饰名词或名词短语;how引导的感叹句修饰形容词或副词。fun为不可数名词,故应该用what来修饰,故选A。

30.___________ fun it is to take a cable car to the top of the hill!

A.What B.What a C.How D.How a A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:乘缆车到达山顶多么有趣啊!

What +a/an + 形容词+名词单数(+主语+谓语+其他)+! What +形容词+复数名词(+主语+谓语+其他)+! What +形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语+其他)+!How +形容词/副词(+主语+谓语+其他)+!由句子中的fun乐趣,不可数名词,然后是主语it,故选C。

【点睛】

感叹句结构,1. What +a/an + 形容词+名词(+主语+谓语+其他)+!例如:What a clever boy he is!或What an interesting story it is !;What +形容词+复数名词(+主语+谓语+其他)+!例如:What beautiful flowers they are!;What +形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语+其他)+!例如:What cold weather it is ! 2.How +形容词(+a+名词)+(主语+谓语+其他)+!例如:How clever a boy he is!How tall he is!;How +形容词/副词(+主语+谓语+其他)+!例如:How lovely the baby is! How well she sings!

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