倒装句与省略句用法
第一、倒装句用法
英语的基本句型是主语 + 谓语。如果将主语与谓语调换, 称倒装句。倒装句分全倒装句和半倒装句。
一、全倒装: 主语与谓语交换位置不需任何助动词, 叫全倒装。全倒装有以下三种情况:
1、当here, there, out, in, up, down等副词放在句首时, 句子需全倒装:
There goes the bell! 铃响了！
There lived an old man in the village.村里有一位老汉。
Here comes the bus.汽车来了。
注意:
①在这种情况下倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词, 像go, come, rush,march等。
②主语如果是代词时不需倒装如Away he went. 他走远了。
2、方位状语在句首, 如:
In front of the house stopped a police car.房前停一辆警车。
Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.附近有两只小船，他们乘着来到这个小岛。
Under the tree sat a boy.树下坐着一个小男孩。
3 、直接引语在句首, 这种情况可倒装也可不倒装
“What does it mean?” asked the boy或the boy asked.
二、半倒装: 主语与谓语的助动词交换位置称半倒装, 有以下数种情况:
1、否定意义的词在句首, 句子半倒装, 例如: little, never, not, no, hardly, rarely, seldom 等。
Never shall I forget you.我绝不会忘记你。
At no time was the man aware of what was happening. 这人绝不知道发生了什么事情。
Little did I understand what he said to me at that time. 当时我不知道他对我说什么。
2、几对并列连词如not only…but also, hardly… when等连接两个并列句, 连词在句首, 前句半
倒装, 后句不倒装:
Not only was everything he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship was taken away.
No sooner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started.
注意:
①not only…but also连接两个并列主语时不需倒装, 如:
Not only you but also I like playing chess.
②neither…nor在句首时, 前后两句都需倒装,
Neither do I have a sister nor does my husband.
3、only在句首强调状语, 主句半倒装:
Only then did I realize that I was wrong.
Only in this way can I learn from my fault.
Only when the war was over in 1918, was he able to get back to work.
注意: only强调主语不倒装:
Only the teachers can use the room.
4、so…that句型, so在句首时, 主句倒装, that从句不倒装:
So easy is it that a child can learn it.
So hard did he work that he finally won the fame.
I saw the film, so did he.
1、倒装句（Inversion）
英语的基本语序是“主语+谓语”。如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序称为“倒装”。
一、倒装的类型
2、为了加强语气而使用的倒装。（使句子更加流畅，更加生动）
第二、倒装句典型错误例析
1．尽管汤姆很年轻，他知道得很多。
误：As Tom is young，he knows a lot.
正：Young as Tom is ，he knows a lot.
【简析】由as（尽管，虽然）引起的让步状语从句其特点是：把从句里的表语、状语或（原形）动词提到句首，然后是as，最后接主语或其他部分。例如：
①Busy as he is，he often helps me with my English.尽管他很忙，还是经常帮助我学习英语。（表语+as+主语+……）
注：如果表语是名词时，名词前通常不用冠词。例如：
Child as he is，he can speak three languages.尽管他是个孩子，却会说三种语言。
②Hard as he worked，he failed the exam.尽管他学习很努力，然而还是没有考及格。（
状语+as+主语+……）
③Try as you may，you will not succeed.虽然你可以试一试，但不会成功的。（实义动词+as+主语+……）
2．他不止一次地独自去游泳。
误：Many a time he went swimming alone.
正：Many a time did he go swimming alone.
【简析】always，often，many a time，well，thus，such等词位于句首时，通常引起倒装。例如：Always did he come to help me when he had time. 他只要有时间总是来帮助我。
Often had I advised him not to smoke. 我经常劝他不要抽烟。
Such was my study plan. 这就是我的学习计划。
3．迈克是中学生学习很努力，简也是一样。
误：Mike is a middle-school student and studies hard and so is Jane.
误：Mike is a middle-school student and studies hard and so does Jane.
正：Mike is a middle-school student and studies hard and so it is with Jane.
正：Mike is a middle-school student and studies hard and it is the same with Jane.
【简析】如果前景句为肯定的陈述句，其谓语含有be动词和实义动词，这种情况也适合于其他人或物时，用so+倒装语序已经难以表达，要用so it is with…或it is the same with…（……也是一样）。
4．没有空气和水人就不能活，动物和植物也是如此。
误：Man can't live without air or water. Neither animals and plants can.
正：Man can't live without air or water. Neither can animals and plants.
【简析】如果前景为否定的陈述句，这种情况也适合于其他人或物时，应用neither/nor+助动词（be，do，have，can，will…）+主语。例如：
Walking and riding your bike count, and so do school sports. 行走和骑自行车就算，在学校例进行的体育活动也算。
5．“我儿子是学生，他就不学习。”“我儿子也是”。
误：“My son is a student，but he doesn't study.”“So is my son.”
误：“My son is a student，but he doesn't study.”“Neither does my son.”
正：“My son is a student，but he doesn't study.”“So it is with my son.”
正：“My son is a student，but he doesn't study.”“It is the same with my son.”
【简析】如果前景句包含肯定和否定的意思，此种情况也适合于某人或物，用so+倒装语序或neither+倒装语序无法表达时，可用so it is with…或it is the same with…(……也是一样)试比较：
①—Tom is a student.
—So is she./So it is with her./It is the same with her.
②—Tom isn't a student.
—Neither is she./So it is with her./It is the same with her.
6．“现在学生学习很用功。”“这确实。”
误：“The students study very hard.”“So do they.”
正：“The students study very hard.”“So they do.”
【简析】如果前景句为肯定的陈述句，而后一句对前一句句意的重复，用以强调时，用“so+主语+助动词（be，do，have，will，can…）”。
7．我们决不应轻视残疾人。
误：In no case we should look down on the disabled.
正：In no case should we look down on the disabled.
【简析】有否定含义的短语in no way(决不、毫不)，in no case(决不)，at no time (从不，决不)，by no means(决不，一点也不)，under no circumstances(决不，无论如何不) 等放在句首时，该句应用部分倒装结构。例如：
Under no circumstances should we do anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the interests of the state. 无论如何，我们也不能做出有利于自己，而有损于国家利益的事。
8．瞧，汽车来了。
误：Look! Here the bus comes.
误：Look! Here is coming the bus.
正：Look! Here comes the bus.
【简析】在以here，there开头的句子中，主语是代词时，主语和谓语的语序不变；但主语是名词时，主语和谓语要倒装。谓语通常用一般现在时。又如：
Here you are. 给你。
There goes the bell. 铃响了。
9．接着便是三年的自然灾害。
误：Then the three years' natural disaster followed.
正：Then followed the three years' natural disaster.
【简析】在以in，out，up，down，now，then，away等副词开头的句子中，以表示强调，主语是名词时通常用倒装语序。例如：
The door opened and in came a woman，who was our head teacher. 门开了，走进一位女人，她就是我们的班主任。
10．直到那时我才认识到我错了，但是已经太迟了。
误：Only then I realized that I was wrong，but it was too late.
正：Only then did I realize that I was wrong，but it was too late.
【简析】only加副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，主语和谓语要倒装。又如：
Only in this way can you learn English well.只有这样你才能学好英语。
Only when he was ten，was he able to go to school.只到十岁的时候，他才能上学。
11．他们刚到车站汽车就开动了。
误：Scarcely they had reached the bus stop when the bus started.
正：Scarcely had they reached the bus stop when the bus started.
【简析】表示否定意义的hardly，scarcely，barely放在句首，要用倒装语序。
12．他很小还不能上学。
误：So young he is that he can't go to school.
正：So young is he that he can't go to school.
【简析】在“so+adj./adv.+that”结构中，如果“so+adj./adv.”位于句首，要用倒装语
序。又如：
So fast did he run that he could keep up with the bike. 他跑得很快能跟上自行车。
13．为了给她丈夫买一件好东西，她高兴地筹划了好些时候。
误：Many hours did she spend planning for something nice for her husband.
正：Many hours she spent planning for something nice for her husband.
【简析】为了对宾语加以强调而把它提到句首，一般不引起主语和谓语语序的倒装。
14．我们使用洋油的日子一去不复返了。
误：Gone the days are when we used the foreign oil.
正：Gone are the days when we used the foreign oil.
【简析】表语位于句首时，通常用倒装语序。其结构为“表语+连系动词+主语。”又如：
Present at the meeting were Professor Li and Professor Wang. 出席会议的有李教授和王教授。Among the goods are Christmas trees，flowers，candles and toys. 货物中有圣诞树、花、蜡烛和玩具。
15．铁锤一落，火星四射。
误：Down did the hammer come and out did the sparks fly.
正：Down came the hammer and out flew the sparks.
【简要】当表示方位的状语位于句首，句子的谓语动词是come，go等表示位置转移的动词，同时主语又比较长的时候，句子常常倒装，把动词直接移到主语前，不用助动词do，does，did。倒装后不仅使状语得到了强调，而且后移主语也得到了强调。
16．要是明天下雨，我就不去。
误：It should rain tomorrow，I would not go.
正：Should it rain tomorrow，I would not go.
【简析】在书面语中，虚拟条件从句中如有were，had或should，可以不用连词if，但要将were，had
或should移到句首。又如：
Were I in your position，I would not give it up.
(=If I were in your position，I would not give it up.)
要是我处在你的地位，我就不放弃。
Had he found it，he would have sent it.
(=If he had found it，he would have sent it.)
如果他找到了，就会送来了。
17．消息传来说食品价格要上涨。
误：Word that the prices of foods will go up comes.
正：Word comes that the prices of foods will go up.
【简析】“that…”这一同位从句，按常例应紧跟它所修饰的词word，但这里从句过长，把主谓语隔得太远，而主句中的谓语仅仅是comes一个词，显得头重脚轻，因此须把从句后移。
18．你越练习得多，你就进步得越快。
误：The harder you practise，you'll make the greater progress.
正：The harder you practise，the greater progress you'll make.
【简析】句型the more…the more…中，句子应用倒装语序。又如：
The happier he is，the more he says.他越高兴话越多。
19．一班学生积极参加学雷锋活动，二班也是一样。
误：Class 1 take an active part in the learn-from-Lei Feng and so Class 2 do.
正：Class 1 take an active part in the learn-from-Lei Feng，and so do Class 2.
【简析】如果前景句为肯定的陈述句，表示前面所说的情况也适合于其他人或物，应用so+倒装语序。其句型是：so+助动词（be，do，have，can，will…）+主语。又如：
Lei Ping is a three-good student. So is his brother. 雷平是“三好”学生，他弟弟也是。
Tom can speak Chinese and so can Mary.汤姆会说中文，玛丽也会。
选择填空
从A,B,C,D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. that we all went out, lying in the sun.
A．The weather so fine was B．So fine was the weather
C．So the weather was fine D．So was fine weather
2.Under his arm a pair of shoes which he had bought from the shop a few days before.
A．is B．are C．was D．were
3. who had arrested him three times for carrying drugs.
A．Before George stood the policeman B．Before George the policeman stood
C．Before the policeman stood George D．Before George did the policeman
4.Then we had been looking forward to .
A．came the hour B．the hour came C．comes the hour D．the hour is coming
5.Only when he started to explain the reason for this.
A．she realized B．did she realize
C．she had realized D．had she realized
6. succeed in doing anything.
A．Only by working hard we can B．By only working hard we can
C．Only by working hard can we D．Only we can by working hard
7.Not for a moment the truth of your story.
A．he has doubted B．he doubts C．did he doubt D．he did doubt
8.Nowhere else in the world cheaper tailoring than in Hong Kong.
A．a tourist can find B．can a tourist find C．a tourist will find D．a tourist has found 9. Hardly when the bus suddenly pulled away.
A．they had got to the bus-stop B．they got to the bus-stop
C．did they get to the bus-stop D．had they got to the bus-stop
10.Mary doesn’t speak French, and does Joan.
A．not B．neither C．either D．so
11.—Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? —I don’t know, .
A．nor don’t I care B．nor do I care
C．I don’t care neither D．I don’t care also
12.Not until the early years of the 19th century what heat is.
A．man did know B．man knew C．didn’t man know D．did man know
13.After that we never saw her again nor from her.
A．did we hear B．we heard C．had we heard D．we have heard
14.—John won the first prize in the contest. — .
A．So he did. B．So did he. C．So he did, too. D．So did he, too.
15. ,he doesn’t study well.
A．As he is clever B．He is as clever C．Clever as he is D．As clever he is 16.You can never use my tape recorder. time should you touch that machine.
A．At no B．At any C．Any D．No
17.Scarcely __ the room _ the phone rang.
A．I had entered…when B．had I entered…then
C．had I entered…when D．have I entered…when
18.Only save his life.
A．can the doctor B．the doctor can C．will the doctor D．could the doctor
19.Hardly anybody the boy , because he is rude.
A．does like B．likes C．do like D．like
20.So well that the teacher praised her.
A．she had done her homework B．her homework had been done
C．did she do her homework D．she did her homework
21.Only when to know him will you get along with him.
A．do you come B．will you come C．you come D．you will come
22.Out , gun in hand.
A．did he rush B．rushed he C．he rushed D．had he rushed
23.He had promised me to come to the party ,and .
A．so did he B．so he did C．so he would D．so would he
24.Into the sky the light blue smoke.
A．went up B．up went C．did go up D．had gone up
25.Little about his own life at the meeting.
A．did he talk B．he talked C．he was talking D．had he talked
26.Under no circumstances first use nuclear weapons.
A．will China B．China will C．does China D．do China
27. taken that examination, she could have passed it .
A．Were she B．Had she be able to C．If she would have D．Had she 28. tomorrow , we would put off the match till next Monday.
A．Should it rained B．Were it to rain C．If it would rain D．Had it rained
29.Look, here .
A．Mr. Brown comes B．does Mr. Brown come C．comes Mr. Brown D．Mr. Brown has come
30.Often us good advice.
A．did she give B．she did give C．she gave D．she has given
31.Not until I began to work how much time I had wasted.
A．didn’t I realize B．did I realize C．I didn’t realize D．I realize
32.Little about his own safety , though he was in great danger himself.
A．does he care B．did he care C．he cares D．he cared
33. began our new lesson.
A．But B．Thus C．Such D．So that
34.By no means look down upon the poor.
A．we should B．we should not C．do we D．should we
35.Only when 30 years old to learn English.
A．was he , did he begin B．he was , he began
C．was he , he began D．he was ,did he begin
36.Not once their plan.
A．did they change B．they changed C．changed they D．they did changed
37.“It’s very hot today.”“ .”
A．So it is B．So is it C．So does it D．So it does
38.—A fish needs water and without water it will die. —
A．So does a man B．So will a man C．So it is with a man D．So is it with a man
39.They arrived at the farmhouse, in front of which .
A．sat a small boy B．a small boy sat
C．is sitting a small boy D．a small boy sitting
40.Society has changed and in it .
A．so have the people B．so the people have
C．the people have so D．have the people so
Ⅱ.改错
41.Only when was he 50 years old did he begin to learn French.
42.Little she knew Tom was badly ill
43.Turn to the right and there are you.
44.And all around the fox in a circle was dogs.
45.—You can learn English well.
—So can we.
46.I daren’t climb this tall tree, but do you?
47.Not once he kept his promise.
48.Many a time he has given us some good advice.
49.Such a noise there was that I couldn’t work in the room.
50.Only does my mother understand me.
【答案】1-5BCAAB 6-10CCBDB 11-15BDAAC 16-20ACBBC 21-25CCBAA 26-30ADBCA 31-35BBBDD 36-40AACAA
Ⅱ.41.was he —he was 倒装主句不倒装从句。
42.She knew—did she know 此句为半倒装句。
43.are you —you are 此句为全部倒装句如主语是代词则不倒装。
44.was—were主语是dogs 。
45.so we can 主语we与上一句中的主语you所指相同故不同倒装。
46.do you—dare you 前面句中用情态，后面要呼应。
47.he kept—did he keep
48.he has—has he
49.
50.去掉does，将understand改为understands。only后面跟状语倒装，后跟主语不倒装。
透视省略真谛打好应试根基
北京程中一
省略是《课程标准》规定的重点语法项目，全国《高考大纲》列出的考点，也是历年高考必考语法项目之一。为了帮助高三学生第二轮高效复习，笔者特作以下经典讲解。
一、省略原则
在英语中，为避免重复、突出关键词语并使上下文紧密连接，在句子中有时就省去一个或几个句子成分，使语句简练，结构紧凑，收到一定的修辞效果，这种语法手段被称之为省略。只要不损害语法结构，不产生歧义，能省略的就应该省略。例如：
Tom is (playing for the school), Peter will be (playing for the school),and Mike might be playing for the school. 汤姆现在，彼特很快，迈克或许代表学校进行比赛。
省略的结果，不但句子结构显得紧凑，而且句子中几个关键词的意义也突出起来。例如：
Some books are to be tasted, others (are)to be swallowed, and some few (are)to be digested.有些书是应当尝尝滋味的，有些书是应当吞下去的，有少数书是应当消化的。
二、省略种类
省略分为两大类：一类是依据上下文的省略，另一类是不依据上下文的省略。凡是被省略的项目只有在上文或下文找到的叫做简单省略。例如：
My father planned (all these houses) and my brother built all these houses. 所有这些房子都是我父亲计划，我哥哥建造的。
凡是两个或两个以上被省略的项目既有在上文同时又有在下文找到的叫做复杂省略。
例如：
My father planned (all these houses)and (my father) built all these houses. 这些房子都是我父亲计划建造的。
三、省略成分
根据省略的成分，大致可以分为以下15种情况。
1、省略主语
(I) Beg your pardon.请再说一遍。
(It) Sounds like a good idea.听起来是一个好主意。
(I) See you later.回头见。
(I) Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮助。
(That) Sounds like a good idea. （那）听起来是个好主意。
（I）Haven’t seen you for ages. （我）很久没见到你了。
(It) Looks like rain. （天）像要下雨了。
2、省略主语和谓语
（1）省略人称主语+助动词
（Have you）Found the treasure? (你)找到宝贝了吗?
(Would you) Like some more tea? (你要)再来点茶吗?
(Do you) want to see him? (你)要见他吗?
(I’ll) See you again.再见。
（2）省略人称主语+be动词
(I’m) Sorry to hear that. 听到这事，我感到遗憾。
(This is) Tom speaking. 我是汤姆（打电话用语）。
What exciting news (this is)!（这是）多么令人兴奋的消息啊！
（3）省略主语+ 实义动词
(I beg) Your pardon. 对不起。
What a wonderful time (we had)! 我们玩得多高兴啊!
(Have you) Any questions? (你们)有问题吗?
3、省略谓语或谓语的一部分
They learn French and we (learn) English.他们学法语，我们学英语。
(Is there ) Anything I can do for you ? 要我帮忙吗？
Some books are to be tasted, others (are) to be swallowed, and some few (are) to be chewed and digested. 有些书是应当尝尝滋味的，有些书是应当吞下去的，有少数书是应当咀嚼和消化的。
He is a teacher, and his wife (is ) a doctor.他是位教师，他的妻子是一名医生。
4、省略表语
—Are you a teacher? 你是教师吗？
—Yes, I am (a teacher).是的，我是。
Broad boats are difficult to take into the port, but narrow boats are not (difficult to take into the port). 很难将大船领进港口，但（领）小船（进港）不难。
5、省略宾语
This is the book (that) I'm looking for.这是我正在找的书。
—Is Mr. King in his office?
—Sorry, I don't know (whether he is or not). 金先生在办公室吗？对不起，我不知道。
—Is Mr. Cheng in (his office)? —程先生在他办公室里吗？
—Sorry, I don’t know (whether he is or not). —对不起，我不知道(他是否在办公室里。
He is fond of books. He makes notes while he reads (books). 他喜欢书，读书时总是做笔记。
6、省略主语和谓语或主谓和谓语的一部分
(Come )This way, please. 请走这边。
—What does he want to eat? —他想吃什么？
—(He wants) Some rice and vegetables. —米饭和蔬菜。
In winter it is colder in Beijing than (it is )in Nanjing. 北京的冬天比南京要冷。
What a good boy (he is )! 他是多好的学生啊！
What a wonderful victory (it is )for Wilma! 对威尔玛来说这是多么了不起的胜利啊！
(It is) my mistake.我的错。
(Do) You understand? 你明白吗?
(There is) Nothing wrong. 没有任何毛病。
(Go) This way, please. 请走这边。
7、省略主语、谓语或宾语
—To whom did you lend the book?你把书借给谁了？
—To John.(I lend the book)约翰。
—What do you think made John so upset? 你人为什么使约翰如此难过？
—(I think)Losing his wallet (made John so upset).他丢了钱包。
8、省略状语
We took soft drinks to the beach and our friends took beer (to the beach). 我们带饮料到海边，我们的朋友带去了啤酒。
9、as…as结构中的省略
这种结构中，从句于主句重复的词可以省略；把两个时间地点等相比较时，第一个as可省略。
She looked after the baby as carefully as (she looked) after her own.她就像照顾自己的孩子一样照顾那个婴儿。
He can be( as )happy in hard times as in good days.他在艰难岁月里能像在好时光时一样幸福。
He was (as) delighted as (he was) in middle school.他就将在中学时一样快乐。
10、所有格后的名词
名词所有格所修饰的名词，若表示住宅、办公室、店铺、教堂或上文己暗示或明确指出过的事物时，常常可以省略。
We'll go to the doctor's （clinic）in a minute.一会儿我们要到医务室去。
No dustmen come to the Turner's (street). 没有垃圾清运工到特纳家所在的街道上来。
11、状语从句中的主谓省略
①在以if、when、though、unless、as、as if等连词引导的从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，而且从句中的谓语动词是be，可以将状语从句中的主谓省略。
When (he was ) walking in the street, he met a friend.他在街上走的时候，遇到了一位朋友。
He will not come unless (he is ) invited.除非邀请他才肯来。
The research is so well designed that once(it is ) begun it can never be stopped.研究设计得如此好，一旦启动就无法停止。
When (he was) very young, he had to work for the boss. 他很小的时候，就得给老板干活。
②如果从句主谓语是it is或it was，可以省略主谓结构， if it is possible, when it is necessary 等都是这种结构。
He ran as fast as (it was) possible.他拼命跑。
If （it is ）necessary, put a comma.有必要的话，加一个逗号。
He ran away as fast as (it was) possible. 他尽快地跑开了。
注意：由after, because, before等词引导的状语从句一般要改写成介词短语等，用-ing代替动词。
Because he was ill he didn’t attend the meeting. 因为他病了，所以未出席会议。
Because of being ill, he didn’t attend the meeting.
Because ill, he didn’t attend the meeting.(误)
注意：表示时间、条件、方式、让步等的状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致（或从句的主语是it），而且从句的谓语中又包含be，那么这个主语和be都可以省略。
Whenever (you are )in trouble, you will ask me for help. 无论你什么时候有困难，你都要向我求援。
If (it is) necessary, I’ll go at once. 如果必要，我马上就去。
While (you are) cycling, pay attention to the traffic light. 骑自行车时，要注意红绿灯。
12、在限制性定语从句中作状语的关系副词when、why、where也可以省去。
This is the very reason (why) I want to kill you. 这就是我为何要杀死你的理由。
This was the first time (when) I had visited Beijing.这是我第一次参观北京。
13、当wh-疑问从句作宾语时如果其内容与上文重复可以省略从句，只保留wh-疑问词。
He will come back, but he doesn't know when (he will come back). 他将回来，但不知道什么时
间。
13、在状语的独立分词结构中，分词往往可以省略
The meeting (being)over, they walked out of the hall.会议结束了，他们走出了大厅。
The work (having been) done, he left the office.做完工作后，他离开办公室。
14、省略不定式后面的动词
—Would you go with me? —你愿意和我一块去吗？
—I’d be glad to (go). —我很高兴去。
Don’t bathe if you don’t want to (bathe) 如果你不想洗澡，那就不要洗了。
注意：
（1）不定式结构作表语时，通常带to，但是当主语部分有一个动作动词do时（这个do 可以是限定
动词形式，也可以是非限定动词形式，而且不论是什么时、体形式均可），用作表语的动词不定式中的to
也可以省略。例如：
What we need to do is to reduce our use of energy and use natural forms of energy which are free and which will last for ever. 我们要做的是减少能源的消耗和利用各种天然能源。天然能源是既
不花钱，又取之不尽，用之不竭的。
All I did is (to) empty the battle. 我只需倒空瓶子。
What he has done is (to) serve the people. 他做的事就是救人。
All we have to do is (to) push the button. 我们只需要按一下按钮。
（2）在同一句或联系紧密的对话中，为了避免重复，作宾语、补语的动词不定式再次出现时，to后面
的内容常常承前省略（to留下），但如果有助动词have 或be 的任何形式，应该保留原形be或have。
例如：
—Who’d like to go wit h me? —I’d like to.—谁想跟我一起去？—我。
China is not what it used to be.中国已经不过去的中国了。
—You are late. You ought to have come five minutes ago.你迟到了。你应该五分钟以前到。
—I know I ought to have.我知道我应该。
15、冠词、关系代词、连接代词和固定形式等的省略
The men and (the) women are the teachers of Beijing No.2 Middle School. 那些男男女女都北
京二中的教师。
Is the baby a boy or (a) girl? 这婴儿是男孩还是女孩？
I will never forget the days (that) I spent with Eric. 我决不会忘记我和艾莉科一起度过的日子。
I think (that) he is kind to others. 我认为他与人为善。
四、高考链接
单项填空
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. NO matter how frequently ______ , the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.
A. performed
B. performing
C. to be performed
D. being performed
2. —Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?
—Yes, _______, I’m going to visit some homes for the old in the city.
A. If ever
B. If busy
C. If anything
D. If possible
3. —Who should be responsible for the accident?
—The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order _______.
A. as told
B. as are told
C. as telling
D. as they told
4. When asked ______ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.
A. what
B. why
C. whom
D. which
5. The lawyer rarely wears anything other than jeans and a T-shirt _______ the season.
A. whatever
B. wherever
C. whenever
D. however
６. _______ , the experiment is sure to succeed .
A. If carefully doing
B. If it done carefully
C. If carefully done
D. If it doing carefully
7. —I hear that Tom can't afford his schooling this fall .
—_________ , let's do something for him .
A. If so
B. Where possible
C. When necessary
D. What a shame
8.________ told to stop, the excited children kept on talking in class.
A. When
B. Thought
C. As
D. While
9. This is an illness that can result in total blindness _________ left untreated.
A. after
B. if
C. since
D. unless
10. No matter how frequently ________ , the work of Mozart always attract large audience.
A. performing
B. to be performed
C. being performed
D. performed
11. Children must be taught to act with good manners when ________ .
A. speaking to
B. spoken to
C. are speaking
D. spoken of
12. The boy always comes to school late although his teacher tells him again and again ________ .
A. not to
B. not to be
C. not to do
D. don’t be
13. He told me he would not go to the party ______.
A. unless was invited
B. until inviting
C. without inviting
D. if not invited
14. You must act ________.
A. like you are told
B. as you are told to
C. that you are told to
D. you are told to
15. —Will you go home tomorrow evening?
—No, I am going to a lecture, or at least I am planning _________.
A. it
B. that
C. to
D. on
16. —What’s the matter with John?
—He didn’t pass the test but he still ________.
A. hopes to
B. hopes to
C. hopes it
D. hopes that
17. —May I keep the light on when I leave the office?
—I think ________.
A. you’d better not
B. you’d better not to
C. you’d better not to do
D. you’d better to
18. —I hope that John will not play football tomorrow.
—Yes, I _______.
A. hope it too
B. hope too
C. hope that too
D. hope so too
19. —They will be very busy tomorrow, I think.
— _______, we’ll have to put the meeting off.
A. If they so
B. If it they may be so
C. If so
D. So
Key：1-5ADＡAC 6-10CABBD 11-15BADBC 16-19BADC
第一个我们来学习倒装句，倒装属于单选常考的知识点，而且也是写作中的较高级句式了。 一、倒装：完全倒装、部分倒装、形式倒装（假倒装） ***倒装句口诀：地点全倒装，son也虚假 关于完全倒装 “地点全倒装”的意思是：句子中将表示地点、时间等方位位置或者时间的副词、介词等词提前时，句子要全部倒装。 全部倒装的句式结构：地点+谓语+主语。 1.表示地点方位位置的副词、介词，运动方位的副词 (under,there,here,out,in,up,down,away,near,opposite……)、时间的副词(now,then)位于句首时, 句子要全部倒装。 A girl sits under the tree倒装后变为Under the tree sits a girl. 注意完全倒装中，代词做主语不倒装. 如果说这句话是代词做主语：She sits under the tree.那么即使是将描述地点的介词提前，这句话也不倒装，而是变为Under the tree she sits. 练习题（1）A bus comes here.= _______________________________________________________ 练习题（2）Your turn comes now.= ____________________________________________________ Here/there句型用一般现在时，代词做主语不倒装；Here you are. Here it is. 关于部分倒装 口诀的下半句中“S on也虚”对应部分倒装，我们来看一下部分倒装的结构。 部分倒装的句式结构：就是将部分倒装标志词提前以后，句子变为一般疑问句语序。 即：标志词+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语+其他…… S： So/such……that……(注意：“主倒从不倒”，也就是说是so/such所在的主句倒装，that后的从句不用倒)，看例句： He speaks English so clearly that he can always make himself understood.
英语语法专题训练——省略句倒装句强调句 考点提示： 1、句子成分省略的各种情况。 2、由neither，so，only，hardly等词引导的句子倒装。全部倒装和部分倒装。 3、强调句子成分引起的倒装。 4、强调句型It is/was +被强调的部分+that/who+原句其他部分的用法。 考题测试 1. Only when ________ possible to settle the problem. A. does the chief editor come will it be B. the chief editor comes will it be C. has the chief editor come it will be D. the chief editor comes it will be 2. The tourists didn’t stop to rest at each station because it _______, them down. A. had slowed B. would slow C. should have slowed D. would have slowed 3. ---Did you blame him for his mistakes? ---Yes, but I’d rather _______it. A. not do B. not to do C. have not done D. not have done 4. ---This dialogue should ______ a question, not a puzzle. ---I am ___________. A. have started with; to blame B. start with; to be blamed C. have started from; to blame D. start from; to be blamed 5. __________ when he saw the UFO that he couldn’t move a bit. A. He was frightened enough B. He was too frightened C. So frightened he was D. So frightened was he 6. We took a taxi to the airport. Otherwise we _________late. A. would be B. were C. will be D. would have been 7. _________, Dick could not succeed ___________ the driving test. A. However hard he tried; in passing B. No matter how hard he tried; to pass C. However he tried hard; in passing D. No matter how he tried hard; to pass 8. ---I hear Johnson was badly injured in the accident. ---________, let’s go and see him. A. What’s more B. If so C. Where possible D. When necessary 9. ________ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report. A. He hardly had B. Had he hardly C. Hardly had he D. Hardly he had 10. ---Mr. Yang, everything is ready for the meeting. ---I’m sorry, I _________ to tell you the meeting had been put off. A. should phone B. ought to have phoned
名校版高考英语语法专题特殊句式 朗读下面短文，体会、领悟倒装、强调、省略等句式结构在文中的灵活使用。 It was at midnight that①Lucy woke up. So hungry was she that ② she realized that she did have to get up③to get something to eat. She went to the kitchen.There was④a cabbage, some hams and some eggs in the fridge. No sooner had she taken out what she needed than⑤she realized she had no idea how to deal with the food. In fact, seldom had she cooked⑥for herself before.“Had I learned⑦cooking from my mother, I would have become a good cook.”she sighed and continued her job.However, hardly had she tried to turn on one of the two taps above the sink when⑧she noticed it didn't work. Neither could another tap⑨.Only with the help of the spanner did water come ⑩out of the tap at last.But it was unlucky for her to cut her finger while cutting hams⑪.Out ran Lucy⑫at once.With a bandage wrapping her wounded finger, she finished cooking a delicious meal at last. From the kitchen came a good smell ⑬.Being at table, she got down to enjoying her food.
倒装句与省略句用法 第一、倒装句用法 英语的基本句型是主语 + 谓语。如果将主语与谓语调换, 称倒装句。倒装句分全倒装句和半倒装句。 一、全倒装: 主语与谓语交换位置不需任何助动词, 叫全倒装。全倒装有以下三种情况: 1、当here, there, out, in, up, down等副词放在句首时, 句子需全倒装: There goes the bell! 铃响了！ There lived an old man in the village.村里有一位老汉。 Here comes the bus.汽车来了。 注意: ①在这种情况下倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词, 像go, come, rush,march等。 ②主语如果是代词时不需倒装如Away he went. 他走远了。 2、方位状语在句首, 如: In front of the house stopped a police car.房前停一辆警车。 Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.附近有两只小船，他们乘着来到这个小岛。 Under the tree sat a boy.树下坐着一个小男孩。 3 、直接引语在句首, 这种情况可倒装也可不倒装 “What does it mean?” asked the boy或the boy asked. 二、半倒装: 主语与谓语的助动词交换位置称半倒装, 有以下数种情况: 1、否定意义的词在句首, 句子半倒装, 例如: little, never, not, no, hardly, rarely, seldom 等。 Never shall I forget you.我绝不会忘记你。 At no time was the man aware of what was happening. 这人绝不知道发生了什么事情。 Little did I understand what he said to me at that time. 当时我不知道他对我说什么。 2、几对并列连词如not only…but also, hardly… when等连接两个并列句, 连词在句首, 前句半 倒装, 后句不倒装: Not only was everything he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship was taken away. No sooner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started. 注意: ①not only…but also连接两个并列主语时不需倒装, 如: Not only you but also I like playing chess. ②neither…nor在句首时, 前后两句都需倒装, Neither do I have a sister nor does my husband. 3、only在句首强调状语, 主句半倒装: Only then did I realize that I was wrong. Only in this way can I learn from my fault. Only when the war was over in 1918, was he able to get back to work. 注意: only强调主语不倒装: Only the teachers can use the room. 4、so…that句型, so在句首时, 主句倒装, that从句不倒装: So easy is it that a child can learn it. So hard did he work that he finally won the fame.
倒装句与省略句 倒装句和省略句是英语中常用的两种特殊句式。 倒装句是指由于修辞的需要，谓语动词发生前移的语句。省略句，省略句子中的某个或某些成分。有了倒装句和省略句，英语句子家族更加多姿多彩，语言表达也更加丰富了。 一、倒装句 英语句子的语序有时由于修辞的需要，把谓语或部分谓语提到主语之前，这样的句子称为倒装句。倒装句分为完全倒装(谓语全部置于主语之前)和部分倒装(部分谓语放在主语之前)两种。 1 完全倒装 句子的主语较长时(多数情况下又没有宾语)，因为要避免头重脚轻的感觉，通常把表语或状语放在句子的前面。例如： Before the thief stood John who was a detective and had arrested him twice. 这个小偷的面前站着曾逮过他两次的探长约翰。 In the small box was the ring that he had given her twenty years before. 那个小盒里面是那枚他二十年前送给她的戒指。 So shocked was she at the news that he had died the day before. 获悉他昨天去世的消息，令她十分震惊。 2 部分倒装 (1)so, neither, nor位于句首，表示与前面谓语所述情况相同。例如： I am a doctor. 我是医生。 So am I. 我也是(医生)。 He will go skating. 他要去滑冰。 So will she. 她也要去(滑冰)。 I didn't finish my homework. 我作业没写完。 Neither did I. 我也没写完。 I haven't been to the Summer Palace. 我没有去过颐和园。 Neither have I. 我也没有去过(颐和园)。 The two-year-old child can not eat a meal herself; nor can she dress (herself). 这个两岁的孩子还不会自己吃饭，她也不会自己穿衣服。 (2)由否定词或否定含意的短语开头的句子和由so, often, only+状语等引导的句子，要倒装。注意：这类否定词或短语有： few(很少几个)，little(很少)，never(从不)，hardly(几乎不)，seldom(很少)，(in no way 决不)，in no case(决不)，at no time(任何时候都不)，nowhere(无处)，not...until ( 直到……才)，no sooner...than(一……就)，rarely (很少)，hardly...when(一……就)
I 倒装 英语最基本的词序“主语部分+谓语部分”通常十分固定。如果把谓语动词放在主语前面，这就叫做倒装。将谓语动词完全移至主语之前，称为完全倒装；如果只是把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，称为部分倒装。 一、全部倒装 1．以here， there， now，then开头的句子,谓语动词要放在句子的主语之前。这种句子中的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。如： Here comes the train！ There goes the bell！ 注意：如果句子的主语是人称代词，则不能使用倒装结构。如： Here it comes！／There it goes！ 2．有些动词短语以副词out，in，up，down，away等结尾，构成不及物动词短语。这时，为了使句子更形象，常将这些副词提前到句首。这时，句中的谓语动词要放在句子主语的前面，构成全部倒装。（注意，这时句子的主语也必须是名词。如果是人称代词，也不能使用倒装结构。）如： Up went the rocket． Up it went． 3．为了强调表示地点的介词短语，常将这个介词短语放在句首，构成全部倒装。注意，这时句子的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。如： In the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker． 4．表语置于句首，且主语较长或结构较复杂的句子要用全部倒装。如： Gone are the days when we had nothing to eat． 5. There be 句型 在There+助动词/情态动词+be+主语+地点/时间的句型中，主语在谓语be动词后面，因此这是倒装。 There is a mobile phone and some books on the desk. 桌上有一个手机和一些书。 There are thousands of people gathering on the square. 广场上聚集着成千上万的人。 注意：引导词there 还可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem, stand, live 等词。 There lived an old fisherman in the village. 村里住着一位老渔夫。 There stand two white houses by the river. 河滨矗立着两座白房子。 There existed some doubt among the students. 学生中有些怀疑。 6. such 位于句首。 Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th century’s greatest scientist. 注：此句型中的such多被认为是表语，所以such后的be动词应与其后真正的主语保持一致。 Such are the facts; no one can deny them. 二．部分倒装 1．用于疑问句中。如： How did you do that？ Did you see the film yesterday？
省略、倒装和强调 省略 为了使句子结构更加紧密或为了避免重复，而将前面或后面已经出现过的词语省略，或因习惯上的用法而省略部分词语，这样所形成的句子叫省略句。 一. 简单句中的省略 1. 省略主语 在祈使句或某些习惯性的用法中常省略主语。如(You) Close the door at once. (It) Sounds fine to me. 2. 省略主语和谓语的一部分 在表示建议的问句、比较状语从句、感叹句和there be句型中常省略。 如What (do you think) about a cup of tea? He speaks English as well as you (do). What a (good) girl (she is)! (Is there) anything elso to buy? 3. 省略宾语、表语 这种省略常见于对话的答语中。如---Which of the two is better? ---It’s hard to tell (it). He is hard-working and so is his sister (hard-working). 4. 名词所有格后名词的省略 名词所有格修饰的名词有上下文已出现或表示店铺、住宅、教堂等地点时常省略。 如These are John’s books and those are Mary’s (books). At her mother’s (house) she passed many happy days. 5. 冠词的省略 在某些固定短语the next day（morning，week，year …）中，有时为了使语气紧凑，定冠词the常可以省略；在副词的最高级前面定冠词常可以省略；另外在某些独立结构中和as引导的让步状语从句中，常可省略冠词。 如We went to the farm to help the farmers with the harvest (the) next day. He sings (the) best in the class. Child as she is, she knows a lot. 6. 介词的省略 一些动词搭配构成的短语，如prevent / stop sb（from）doing，have trouble / difficulty/ problems（in）doing，spend time（in）doing等中的介词常可以省略。 如Trees can prevent the earth (from) being washed away. Can you stop him (from) going swimming in the river? I have some difficulty (in) answering the question. 7. 动词不定式中的省略 如果不定式所表示的内容在上文中已经出现，为了避免重复，常常把不定式里的动词及其后续部分省略，只保留to。如---Will you go with me?---Well, I’d like to (go with you). 动词不定式省略的八种情况： ○1有些动词，如believe，find，think，feel，consider，imagine，prove等后作宾补的结构to be + n. / adj.中的to be可以省略。如I consider him (to be) lazy. His mother found him (to be) a clever boy. ○2当不定式在某些动词后作宾语补足语或主语补足语时，不定式常省略。常见动词有wish，warn，invite，allow，ask，force，forbid，permit，persuade，order等。 如Why didn’t he come earlier? He was told to (come early). She didn’t come, though we had invited her to (come).
高考英语专题练习突破—倒装、省略、强调句（含解析） 一、用单词的适当形式完成句子 1．Not only ________(do)I get bored with hours of practice but also I doubted about the value of it. （所给词的适当形式填空） 2．The parents didn’t tolerate their kids’ rudeness at the party, nor ________(do) they allow themselves to be disobeyed. （所给词的适当形式填空） 3．They face a lot of challenges when________(try)to get food.（所给词的适当形式填空） 4．I hope it will be fine this Sunday. If________,we’ll go for an outing. （用适当的词填空） 5．Music and art, when ________ (use) in hospitals, help to improve the conditions of patients by reducing stress, anxiety and blood pressure. （所给词的适当形式填空） 6．While ________ (walk) along the paths, you can hear the sweet songs of bird. （所给词的适当形式填空） 7．Once __________(print), this dictionary will be very popular. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．It was the slow-paced lifestyle ________ put the city on the list of the 21 must-go travel spots of 2017 in the travel magazine National Geographic. （用适当的词填空） 9．It is novels ________ Miss William enjoys reading. （用适当的词填空）
★特殊句式★ 倒装(1) 一、倒装 倒装句可分以下三种： (1) 动词 + 主词 (2) 助动词(do, does, did) + 主词 + 原形动词 (一般疑问句的句型) (3) 助动词(will, can, should) + 主词 + 原形动词 (1) 否认字放句首 否认字 + ⎩⎨⎧+++原形动词主词助动词主词 动词be be 动词才能拿到主词前面，一般动词要在主词 前面加助动词。 否认字就是从中文解释去判断其是否有否认的意思，Never 绝不，hardly 几乎不。 1.He is never late for school. => Never is he late for school. 本句的late 是形容词，它跟在表示状态的be 动词后面。 否认字在句首的时候，后面要接倒装句。 He never goes to school late. => Never does he go to school late. 本句的late 是否次，它修饰一般动词goes 。 翻译：他上学从不迟到。 late 形容词和副词都是一样的写法，所以说上学不迟到有以上两种说法。 倒装句中，一般动词不能放在主词前面，主词前面只能用助动词且动词要变成原形。 2.He rarely tells a joke. => Rarely does he tell a joke. 翻译：他很少说笑话。 rarely 是个否认的频率副词，表“很少的〞。
3.I have never seen such beautiful scenery. => Never have I seen such beautiful scenery. 翻译：我从来没有看到过如此美丽的景象。 have 在这里就是一个助动词，景象不可数不能在其前面加不定冠词a 或定冠词the 。 4.I had hardly sat in the chair when someone knocked at the door. hardly~when~ = scarcely~before~，表示“几乎不…〞 翻译：我一刚要坐着椅子上就有人来敲门了。 => Hardly had I sat in the chair when someone knocked at the door. 连接两个不同的时态用when 。 5.He had no sooner reached his house than it began to rain. => No sooner had he reached his house than it began to rain. 翻译：他一回到家天就开场下雨。 No sooner ~ than ~ 表“然后~〞，但不是then 哦。 6.In(=>Under) no circumstances will I allow you to go there. 翻译：无论在任何情形下我都不允许你去那里的。 允许某人做某事：allow + O + to V，后面要用不定词。 7.He not only draws illustrations but he also writes novels. => Not only does he draw illustrations but he also writes novels. also 是副词，需要放在be 动词之后，一般动词之前。 Not only I but also you are ing to visit Mr. Chen. 翻译：不只是我连你也来拜访陈先生。 Not only ~ but also ~ ，是对等连接词，but 和also 是连在一起的，连接两个属性一样的对象。 本句的but 是对等连接词，后面的also 是个副词可以省略，必须放在be 动词之后一般动词之前， 同时由于对等连接词前后的主词一样那么后面的主词可以省略。 He not only draws illustrations but writes novels. 翻译：他不仅画插图还写小说。 8.I did not know [(that) he was homesick until I talked to him]. homesick 思乡病，想家而生斌。 翻译：直到我跟她谈过之后，我才知道他患了思乡病。 这里只是普通的表达没有强调先后的顺序就可以都只用过去式，而不用过去完成式。 => Not until I talked to him did I know (that) he was homesick. 注意：Not 后面如果有until就要先接until 子句，再接主要子句，但是倒装的是主要子句而非until 子句。
高考语法专题：倒装句和省略句 倒装句 1.全部倒装 全部倒装是指整个谓语放到主语的前面，即谓语在前，主语 在后。有下列几种： (1)there be (lie, stand, live...)句型。there be是谓语，其后的名词 是主语。 There are different forms of energy. On the top of the mountain there stands an old temple. Once upon a time, there lived a poor fisherman. (2)在以here, there, out, in, up, down, away，now，then等开头的 句子中。 There goes the bell. Here comes the bus. Out rushed the boy. Away went the children. The door opened and there entered a middle-aged man. 【注意】主语是人称代词时不倒装。例如： Here it is.给你。 Away he went.他走了。 (3)直接引语在句首。 “What does it mean?” asked the boy. (4)为了使句子保持平衡，有时需要倒装。 Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island. On the winding path were to be found footprints of some strange animals. 2.部分倒装 即将谓语的一部分提到主语之前。相当于变为一般疑问句中的 谓语。是倒装句的重点,也是高考考查的热点之一。 部分倒装主要有以下几种情况： (1)Only +状语在句首： Only then did I realize that I was wrong. Only when the war was over in1918 was he able to get happily back to work. 【注意】如果only后没有状语，即使在句首也不倒装。例如： Only a doctor can do it. (2)否定副词在句首。这类副词主要有：hardly, seldom, little, not, nor, neither, not only...but also, no sooner...than,
倒装句的用法总结 倒装句在英语语法中属于一种特殊句型，它能够使语言表达更加灵活多样。倒 装句的用法有时会让人感到困惑，因此本文将对倒装句的基本形式、用途及注意事项进行总结和解释。 一、什么是倒装句？ 倒装句是指将英语中主语和谓语动词的位置颠倒的现象。通常来说，在陈述句 中主语位于谓语动词之前；但在某些情况下，为了强调某个信息或改变语气，可以将主语和谓语动词颠倒顺序。 二、基本形式 1. 完全倒装：即将助动词、情态动词或连系动词放在主语之前。 Examples: - Had she arrived?（她到了吗？） - Can you swim?（你会游泳吗？） - Is it a cat?（那是一只猫吗？） 2. 部分倒装：即将助动词、情态动词或连系动词与其后面的其他成分颠倒顺序。 Examples: - Not only did he finish his homework, but also he helped his classmates.（他不仅 完成了作业，还帮助了同学们） - At no time does he admitted his mistakes.（他从未承认过他的错误） 三、倒装句的用途
1. 当以否定词开头表达“部分否定”的意思时，常常使用完全倒装。 Example: - Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.（我从未见过如此美丽的日落） 2. 在虚拟条件句中，通常采用部分倒装。 Example: - Should you need any assistance, please let me know.（如果你需要任何帮助，请告诉我） 3. 在介词短语置于句首时，为了避免重复或强调信息，可以使用完全或部分倒装。 Examples: - Off the table fell a plate.（桌子上掉下了一只盘子） - Into the room walked a toddler and her mother.（一个蹒跚学步的小孩和她的妈妈走进了房间） 四、注意事项 1. 只有助动词、情态动词和连系动词才能发生倒装。其他动词不能颠倒位置。 Incorrect: "Played she football yesterday."（错误：她昨天踢球了。） Correct: "She played football yesterday."（正确：她昨天踢球了。） 2. 当主语是人称代词时，必须使用倒装结构。 Incorrect: "John thanks for inviting."（错误：约翰感谢邀请。） Correct: "John, thanks for inviting."（正确：约翰，谢谢你的邀请。） 3. 主语是复数表达多个人或物时，不用倒装。
高中英语语法复习专练四（简单句、强调句、倒装句、省略 句、it用法） 高中英语语法复习专练四 （简单句、强调句、倒装句、省略句、it用法） 1 ----Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday? ----Yes, ____, I'm going to visit some homes for the old in the city. A. If ever B. If busy C. If anything D. If possible 2. ---Who should be responsible for the accident? ---The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order ______. A. as told B. as are told C. as telling D. as they told 3. ______ you eat the correct foods ______ be able to keep fit and stay healthy. A. Only if; will you B. Only if; you will C. Unless; will you D. Unless; you will 4. It was announced that only when the fire was under control______ to return to their homes. A. the residents would be permitted B. had the residents been permitted
倒装句与省略句的区别及用法解析倒装句和省略句是英语语法中常见的两种特殊句式。它们的运用可 以增加句子的多样性，使语言更加丰富，并帮助我们有效地表达思想。本文将分析倒装句与省略句的区别，并介绍它们的用法。 一、倒装句 倒装句是指在句子中调整主语和谓语的位置，通常有两种情况：完 全倒装和部分倒装。 1. 完全倒装 完全倒装句的结构为：助动词/情态动词/系动词 + 主语 + 谓语。常 见的倒装情况包括以下几种类型： 1.1 肯定形式的完全倒装 例如： - "Not only did he finish the project ahead of schedule, but he also exceeded our expectations." （他不仅提前完成了项目，而且超出了我们 的预期。） - "Rarely have I seen such a beautiful sunset." （我很少见到如此美丽 的日落。） 1.2 否定形式的完全倒装 例如：
- "Never have I seen such a funny movie." （我从未见过这么有趣的电影。） - "Little did they know what awaited them."（他们并不清楚等待他们的是什么。） 1.3 倒装的条件句 例如： - "Had I known about the event, I would have attended." （要是我早知道这个事件，我就去参加了。） 2. 部分倒装 部分倒装句是指将助动词/情态动词/系动词置于主语前，而谓语动词保持不变。常见的部分倒装情况有以下几种类型： 2.1 含有"only, hardly, rarely, seldom"等副词修饰状语从句的部分倒装 例如： - "Only in this way can we achieve success." （只有通过这种方式，我们才能取得成功。） - "Seldom have I seen such a beautiful garden." （我很少看到这么美丽的花园。） 2.2 倒装的祈使句
倒装句和省略句 1. ______ the opening ceremony of the first China International Import Expo in Shanghai was President Xi, where he announced new measures to further expand opening-up, A. Attending B. Attended C. To attend D. Having attended 【答案解析】A 【详解】考查完全倒装和表语提前。句意：参加首次中国国际进口博览会开幕仪式的是习主席，他在此宣布将会采取新的措施扩大对外开放。动词的现在分词一般式和过去分词适用于表语提前，主语President Xi和attend（出席）构成主动关系，所以用现在分词一般式的主动，表示“正在参加”，故选A。 2. The Internet is one of the ways these feelings are conveyed and perhaps never before ______so much to connect different peoples and nations. A. did it serve B. it has served C. was it served D. has it served 【答案解析】D 【详解】考查倒装句。句意：互联网是传达这些情感的一种方式，或许它从未如此有效地将不同的民族和国家联系起来。根据时间状语before可知，serve表示对现在的影响，用现在完成时，never置句首，句子使用部分倒装，主语是The Internet是第三人称单数，综上可知，D项正确。故选D。 3. Only when he almost knocked her down ______ an old woman was in front of his car. A. he had found B. had he found C. he found D. did he find 【答案解析】D 【详解】考查倒装句和时态。句意:只有他几乎要撞到她的时候，他才发现一个老妇人在他的汽车前面。only+状语从句置于句首，主句需要部分倒装。根据“when he almost knocked her down”判断用一般过去时。故选D。 4. What a pity! The parents could have survived the earthquake __________ to save their child. A. hadn’t they come back B. have they come back C. didn’t they come back D. did they come back 【答案解析】A 【详解】考查省if的条件句。句意：真遗憾!如果不是回来救孩子，这对父母本可以在地震
【下载后获高清版】 高考英语必考-特殊句式-倒装句-详解 一、特殊句式全家福 特殊句式这个大的考察方向，近几年，考察不多。主要涉及到以下的考点。 一、感叹句（语法填空中考察，简单） 二、强调结构（语法填空，书面表达中考察，简单） 三、倒装句（语法填空，书面表达中考察，中等） 四、省略句（基本能力，直接考察不多） 五、祈使句（语法填空中考察某些结构） 六、反义疑问句（直接考察不多） 七、否定句（注意否定转移的现象，直接考察不多） 二、倒装句 英语的语序有两种。 1、英语句子的语序通常是主语在前,谓语在后,这种语序称作正常语序或自然语序。
2、倒装语序，有时出于语法或为达到某种修辞目的(强调、承上启下、平衡等)的需要,要把谓语动词放在主语前面,这种语序称作倒装( Inversion)语序。 倒装分为以下两种： A.完全倒装 将谓语动词完全移至主语之前,是完全倒装( Full Inversion) Our teacher came in.( Our teacher是主语,came是谓语,in是状语;主语在前,谓语在后,是正常语序) In came our teacher.(整个谓语came放到了主语our teacher的前面,因此是完全倒装 B.部分倒装 如果只是把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前,称为部分倒装 I will never forgive her.(I是主语, will forgive是谓语,her是宾语, never是状语。)
Never will I forgive her.(谓语部分will forgive中will放到了主语I的前面,而forgive还在主语后面,因此是部分倒装。部分倒装的构成同一般疑问句的构成方法相似,)再如 Only by working hard can you succeed.(部分倒装) Not a word did he say that day.(部分倒装) 其中，一般疑问句也可以看作是一种倒装。在there be句型中,be后的名词是句子的实义主语,be是句子的谓语,可以看作谓语动词放在主语的前面,因此,有语法家把there be句型也看作倒装句。 三、完全倒装 口诀：时间地点在前方，名倒代不倒 1、在以here, there, out, in, up, down, now, then, away等副词开头时 A.谓语动词为be, come, go, run, walk, rush, fall, follow, begin, end等,主语又是名词,主谓要用完全倒装 There goes the bell. Away walked the stranger.