介词
一，介词的分类
1.简单介词，是指单个的介词
如：in, on, at, on, to, with等
2.合成介词，是指两个简单介词合在一起构成的介词
如：into, onto, without, inside
3.短语介词，是指一个或两个简单介词与一个或几个其他词类的词组合，在意义和作用上相当于一个简单介词的短语
如：instead of 代替because of因为
according to按照in front of 在...的前面
二，表示时间的介词
1.at表示具体的时间点
如：at eight o’clock
联想：at构成的固定短语：
at first首先at least至少
at present目前at noon在中午
at the age of在...岁时at the moment在目前，现在
at the same time同时at school 在上学
at the end of在。。。末
如：In some western countries shops are closed___________ weekends.
2.in用于年，月，季节，上午，下午，晚上等。
in March在三月in spring在春天
in 2008在20XX年in the morning/afternoon/evening
注意：in表示在某一季节或某一月份时，一般不加冠词，但季节和月份的意义一旦具体化，就要加定冠词the。
如：The weather is a little in May.
An earthquake happened in Sichuan in the May of 2008.
In summer children are happy because they can swim.
联想：in构成的固定短语：
hand in上交in fact事实上
in surprise吃惊地in search of寻找
in public当众in the end最后，终于
in no time立刻，马上in a minute立刻，马上
in front of在...前面in a word一句话，总而言之
in good health身体健康的do well in在...方面干的不错
be interested in对...感兴趣in common共同的
show great interest in对。。。感兴趣
in the last/past several years在过去的几年里
3.表示具体的某一天或某一天的早晨，晚上等，用on。
如：In the morning I often get up at six o’clock but________Sunday morning, I get up at seven.
A traffic accident happened near our school _________ the night of May 2nd, 2014.
联想：on构成的固定短语：
on board乘坐（车，飞机）on duty值班，值日
on earth到底on fire着火
on foot 步行on hire雇佣
on holiday度假on time按时
be on show展览on the right在右边
on the other hand另一方面 a book on history一本关于历史的书
on one’s way to在某人去...的路上
4.表示时间的since, for, by, during, until
(1)since（自从）后跟具体的过去时间，for后接一段时间。for和since短语所在的句子应用现在完成时，谓语动词要用延续性动词。
如：Great changes have taken place in my hometown since the year 2000.
We have lived in the city for about five years.
(2)by+时间点，意为“到...为止”，如果by后面跟的是将来的时间点，用一般将来时或将来完成时，如果by后面跟一个过去的时间点，用过去完成时。
如：I will finish eating by nine o’clock.
By the end of last week, we had finished learning Unit5.
(3)during+时间段，与延续性动词连用，表示某期间的动作。
如：She had trained hard during the four years to get ready for London Olympic Games.
(4)until+时间点，意为“道...为止”，句中的谓语动词若是非延续性动词，构成句型not...until直到...才
如：We stayed there until the sunset.
We didn’t go home until the sunset.
(5)表示时间前后的before, after
before在...之前，after在...之后
如：We must hand in our homework before class.
After half past eleven we can relax ourselves.
注意：before作为介词，还可以表示“面临，面对”
如：What should you do before so many difficulties?
I had nothing to say before her.
三．表示方位，地点，行为对象等的介词
1.表示方位的介词in, to, on
in表示包含关系，意为“在。。。范围内”，on表示相邻关系，接壤；to表示相隔关系。
如：China is________ the east of Asia.
Japan is ________ the east of China.
Russia is ________ the north of China.
2.表示“上下”等方位的介词over, under, above, below, on
(1)over在。。。正上方，其反义词为under
如：There is a football under the desk.
I looked up and saw a plane flying over my head.
(2)above表示“在。。。上方”，非垂直关系, 其反义词为below
如：The plane is flying above the clouds.
(3)on在。。。之上，指两者表面接触。其反义词也为under
3.表示“前后”的介词和短语介词
（1）in front of 在。。。前面，指在范围之外的前面，和before意义接近。
如：There are some bikes in front of the teaching building.
(2)behind是in front of 的反义词，意为“在。。。后面”
(3)in the front of表示在范围之内的前面，其反义词组是at the back of
4.by, beside在。。。旁边；between在两者之间, among在三者及以上之间
（1）by和beside意义相近
如：Do you know the man who is standing by the window?
Lucy sits beside me. She is my deskmate.
(2)between指两者之间，也表示三者或多者中的每两者之间；among指三个或三个以上的事物或人之间。
注意：between表示两者之间，只要构成双方关系，就可以用between
如：There are so many desks in the classroom that there is hardly any room to move between them. 教室里有这么多张课桌，几乎没有空间从它们中间穿过。
5.across, through穿过
across从表面穿过，through穿越，穿透，透过，指从物体内部穿过。
如：(1)When you go________ the road, you must be careful.
(2)Which river runs________ Shanghai?
(3) --I left my keys in the room yesterday. I had to get in________ the window.
--It’s dangerous to do that.
A. in
B. through
C. over
D. to
6.表示里外的in, inside, into, onto, out of, outside
(1)in在。。。之内
如：My keys are in my pocket.
注意：外来物“在树上”，用in，树上结出的东西“在树上”，用on
如：There are some birds________ the tree.
Autumn comes and some red apples________ the apple trees come into people’s eyes.
(2)inside在。。。里面，到。。。里面。反义词为outside
如：Listen！Someone is talking in a low voice inside the door.
Don’t stay outside.
(3)into到。。。内。强调空间或状态的转换。反义词为out of
如：Why not go into the house and have a look?
He looked out of the window and saw some people coming back from work.
注意: out of 还有“脱离，失去”等意义。
如: He has been out of work for long.
Fish can’t live long out of water.
7.表示“靠近”的near, next to, around
near在。。。附近
next to在。。。旁边
around在。。。周围
如：There is a park near our neighborhood.
I didn’t remember to phone until near the end of the week.
The mouse is next to my computer.
That patient is next to death.
The flowers and applause(掌声) are always around the winners.
注意：around 还表示“大约”，同义词：about
如：It was around/about twelve o’clock in the evening.
8.表示运动方向的for, to, towards
(1)for常接在leave，start等动词之后，表示运动的方向或目的地。
如：They’ll leave for Beijing to attend the meeting next month.
(2)to跟在go，come, return, move等动词之后，表示目的地，它既表示运动方向，又包含运动结果。
如：When did you return to Guangzhou after the summer holiday?
(3)towards朝，向。只说明运动的方向，没有“到达”的意思
如：The teacher is coming towards the classroom now.
9.表示行为对象的to, at
一般来说，at 同某些动词连用，表示攻击目标，含有某种程度的恶意；to则只表示方向，并无恶意。
如：I threw the ball to him and he threw it at the dog.
He came________me and said hello to me.
A dog came________her and she was frightened(受惊吓的）。
10.最高级结构中表示范围的of, in
同类比较时，若主语和范围一致，一般用of, of后多为数词或可数名词复数；将某人/某物置于集体或环境中进行比较时，用in, in后一般是可数名词的单数。如：She is the most beautiful girl ________ the three sisters.
Tom is the tallest boy________ the class.
四．表示“除。。。之外”的介词
1.besides除。。。之外还
如：Five others were late besides me.
There will be five of us for dinner, besides John.
2.but, except除。。。之外。but常与否定词连用
如：No one but we knows about the news.
He has few friends except you in this school.
He has few friends except you in this school.
They all went to sleep except me.
3.except for表示从整体中排除，除。。。之外，前后不是一类事物。
如：The care is really wonderful except for its price.
The composition is quite good except for a few spelling mistakes.
五．表示方式，手段或工具的介词
1.by, in, on表交通方式
by bike=on a bike, by car=in a car
如：Do you usually come to school by bike?
2.by, in with表示手段或工具
（1）by表示用某种方式或手段。名此前不加冠词。
如：This pair of shoes is made by hand.
The old man had to make money by selling vegetables.
(2)in表示使用某种语言，用墨水，颜色，颜料等。名此前不加冠词。
如：Can you say it in English?
Please write it in ink, not in pencil.
(3)with后跟具体的工具
如：People here build houses with stones.
I like to write with a ball pen.
拓展：with常用来表示伴随，意为“有，带有”，其反义词为without
如：This is a house with a garden.
Fish can’t live without water.
六．引出动词不定式逻辑主语的介词。
1.一般情况下用for sb. to do sth
如：It’s necessary for us to learn English.
It’s difficult for children to read such a book.
2.表示品质，性格，特征的形容词后用of sb. to do sth., 这类句型中动词不定式的逻辑主语和形容词构成主系表结构。
如：It’s foolish of him to make such a decision.
It’s kind of you to give me so much help.
七．其它介词的用法
1.as作为，as for至于
如：________students we should work hard.
He works________ a teacher in this school.
________him, I know nothing.
2.thanks to 同because of，意为“因为，由于”
如：Thanks to your help, I am good at my lessons.
Because of the weather, we have to put off the sports meet.
八．介词的省略
1.in的省略
be busy (in) doing sth忙于做某事
have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困难
（in) this/that way以这种/那种方法
spend...(in) doing sth. 花费。。。做某事
have a good time (in) doing sth. 做某事很高兴
waste... (in) doing浪费。。。做某事
There’s no use/good (in) doing sth.做某事有用/没有好处
2.for的省略
for+时间段里的for,在口语中可以省略，尤其是在肯定句中。但是在否定句中或在句首一般不可以省略。
如：The rain lasted (for) a whole afternoon.
He has been waiting (for) three hours.
We haven’t seen each other for a long time.
For a whole month, there is no rain.
九．常用介词短语
1.常与with连用的短语
do with处置，对付
go on with继续。。。
agree with同意。。。
be busy with忙于
keep/catch up with跟上
fill...with....用。。。装满。。。
be familiar with...熟悉。。。
be popular with...受。。。欢迎
be angry with sb.生某人的气cover...with....用。。。覆盖。。。。help...with...在。。。方面帮助。。。get on well with与。。。相处的好be strict with sb.对某人要求严格be pleased with sb.对某人感到满意
2.常与at 连用的短语
look at看
knock at敲
at last最后
at once立刻
laugh at嘲笑。。。
shoot at朝。。。射击
work at致力于。。。
be good at擅长。。。
be weak at不擅长。。。
arrive at到达某地（小地方）
be amazed at对。。。感到吃惊
3.常与on连用的短语
get on上车
turn on打开
try on试穿
put on穿上
call on 号召
depend on依靠，取决于
live on 依赖。。。。生活
spend...on...在。。。上花费。。。
4.常与of连用的短语
hear of听说
take care of照料
look out of朝外看
a kind of一种
a type of一种
be fond of喜欢
instead of代替。。。
think of认为，考虑
all kinds of各种各样的
be proud of为。。。而骄傲
be confident of对。。。有信心
be tired of对。。。感到厌烦
be made of由。。。制成（能看出材料）be scared/afraid/terrified of...害怕。。。
5.常与from连用的短语
come from来自于
be far from距离。。。远
hear from收到。。。的来信
across from在。。。的对面
be different from与。。。不同borrow... from...从。。。借来。。。
be made from由。。。制成（看不出原料）
6.常与for连用的短语
look for寻找
for example例如
be late for迟到
be fit for适合
wait for等候
pay for为。。。付款
for a while一会儿
as for至于，关于
be sorry for为。。。感到抱歉
send for派人去请。。。
leave for离开去。。。
ask for请求，向。。。要。。。
thanks for为。。。感谢。。。
get ready for为。。。做好准备
be famous/known for以。。。而闻名
7.常与to连用的短语
get to到达
turn to翻到
pay attention to注意
listen to听
according to根据。。。
be next to在。。。隔壁
be friendly to对。。。友好
to one’s joy使某人高兴的是
be polite to sb. 对某人有礼貌
to one’s surprise使某人惊讶的是
二、表示地点的介词in、on、behind、next to、near、over、under (1). in在……里面：The pencil is in the desk. 铅笔在课桌里。 (2). on在……上面：There are some apple on the tree. 树上有些苹果。 (3). under在……下面/正下方：What's under your desk? 你书桌底下是什么？ (4). over在……正上方：There is a shelf over the table. 桌子上方有一个书架。 (5). above 在……斜上方：Raise your arms above your head. (6). below 在……斜下方：Her skirt came below her knees. (7).behind在……之后：There is a bike behind the tree. 树后有一辆自行车。 (8).next to在……旁边：There is a café next to the barber's. 理发店隔壁是一家咖啡馆。 (9).near在……附近：My bed is near the window. 我的床在窗户旁。 (10).by 在……旁：He was sitting by the window . 第一组：over, above和on的用法 1）over指在…的正上方，表示垂直在上。如: There is a lamp over the desk. 2)above指在上方，属于斜上方。如：
Raise your arms above your head. 3)on指在上面，表示两物体接触。如： There is a cup on the table. 第二组：under / below的用法： 1) under在……下面/正下方：What's under your desk? 2) below 在……斜下方：Her skirt came below her knees. 练习： ( ) 1 The boat is passing___ the bridge. A. through B. below C. under D. across ( ) 2 Two planes are flying___ the city. A. through B. over , C. on , D, below ( ) 3 We can see a river running to the east____ the hill. A. under B. below C. over D. on ( ) 4 Do you see the kite ___ the building. A. over B. cross C. on D. above C B B D 第三组：in 和on表示“在……上” 1，门一类——镶嵌在墙里的，用in， 字画一类——挂在墙面上的，用on ( ) 1 He put up a map ___ the back wall because there was a hole ___ it.
初中英语介词专项练习题 1 ( ) 1 Children get gifts ____ Christmas and ____ their birthdays. A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on ( ) 2 -There is nothing ____tomorrow afternoon, is there? -No. We can have a game of table tennis. A. on B. in C. out D. up ( ) 3 A lot of students in our school were born____March, 1981. A. in B. at C. on D. since ( ) 4Tim suddenly returned____ a rainy night. A. on B. at C. in D. during ( ) 5My grandfather was born____Oct. 10, 1935. A. on B. In C. at D. of ( ) 6The train is starting___five minutes. A. In B. At C. For D.still ( ) 7Mike does his exercises ____ seven _____ the evening. A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at; on 2 ( ) 1 The population of the world has grown very fast ____ four hundred years. A. for past the B. in the pass C. in the past D. for past ( ) 2 We returned to our hometown___. A. next week B. in the last week C. last week D . for a week ( ) 3 Great changes have taken place___. A. in the last few year B. in the last few years C. last year D. on the last year 3 ( ) 1 Children wake up very early____the morning of Christmas Day. A. in B. on C. for D. at ( ) 2 ____ a cold winter morning, I met her in the stfeet. A. In B. On C. At D. For ( ) 3 It happened to be very cold____ the morning of our sports meet. A. at B. on C. with D. of ( ) 4 Why did you get up so early ___ this morning. A. on B. / C. at D. in 4 ( ) 1 He went to Shanghai___ September 3, 1991 and came back___ a cold morning last year. A. in; on B. on; in C. on; on D. in; ia ( ) 2 Lucy was born____ the night of May 12, 1984. . ... A. on B. in C. at D. to ( ) 3 Mrs Brown came to China ____ 1996.
,介词的分类 1. 简单介词，是指单个的介词 女口：in, on, at, on, to, with 等 2. 合成介词，是指两个简单介词合在一起构成的介词 如:in to, on to, without, i nside 3. 短语介词，是指一个或两个简单介词与一个或几个其他词类的词组合，在意义和作 用上相当于一个简单介词的短语 如：in stead of 代替because of 因为 accord ing to 按照 二，表示时间的介词 in front of在…的前面 1. at表示具体的时间点 女口：at eight o'clock 联想：at构成的固定短语: at first 首先at least 至少 at prese nt 目前at noon在中午 at the age of在…岁时at the same time同时 at the end of在。。。末at the mome nt在目前，现在at school在上学 女口： _________________________________________________ In some wester n coun tries shops are closed _____________________________ w eeke nds. 2. in用于年，月，季节，上午，下午，晚上等。 in March在三月in spri ng在春天 in 2008 在2008 年in the morni ng/afterno on /eve ning 注意：in表示在某一季节或某一月份时，一般不加冠词，但季节和月份的意义一旦具体化，就要加定冠词the。 女口：The weather is a little in May. An earthquake happe ned in Sichua n in the May of 2008. In summer childre n are happy because they can swim.
初中英语常用介词短语 1)at once 立刻 2)at last 最后 3)at first 起先,首先 4)at the age of -.. 在.… …岁时 5)at the end of -.. 在.… …之末 6)at the begi nning of …在……之初 7)at the foot of … 在… ?…脚下 8)at the same time 同时 9)at ni ght/noon 在夜里/中午 10)with on e's help 在某人的帮助下，由于某人的帮助 11) with the help of … 在....... 的帮助下 12) with a smile 面带笑容 13) with on e's own eyes 亲眼看见 14) after a while 过了一会儿 15) from now on 从现在起 16) from then on 从那时起 17) far example 例如 18) far away from 远离 19) from morni ng till ni ght 从早至U 晚20) by and by 不久 21) by air mail 寄航空邮件 22) by bike/air/trai n/bus 骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车 23)by ordinary mail 寄平信 24)by the way 顺便说 25)by the win dow 在窗边 26)by the end of …到 .. 底为止 27)little by little 逐渐地 28)in all 总共 29)in fact 事实上 30)i n on e's twen ties 在某人一十几岁时 31)in a hurry 匆忙 32)in the middle of 在…中间 33)i n no time (in a mi nu te) 立刻, 很快 34)in time (on time) 及时 35)i n public 公众，公开地 36)in order to 为了 37)in front of 在……前面 38)in the sun 在阳光下 39)in the end 最后，终于 40) in surprise 惊奇地
表示地点的介词表示地点的介词表示地点的介词表示地点的介词 in 、、、、 on、、、、behind、、、、next to、、、、near、、、、over、、、、under (1) . in 在 .. 里面：The pencil is in the desk.铅笔在课桌里。 (2) . on 在.. 上面：There are some apple on the tree树上有些苹果。 (3) . under在.. 下面/正下方：What's under your desk?你书桌底下是什么？ (4) . over 在. 正上方：There is a shelf over the table. 桌子上方有一个书架。 (5) . above 在 . 斜上方：Raise your arms above your head. (6) . below 在.. 斜下方：Her skirt came below her kn ees. (7) .behind 在 . 之后：There is a bike behind the tree.树后有一辆自行车。 (8) .next to 在 . 旁边：There is a caf e next to the barber's.理发店隔壁是一家咖 啡馆。 (9) .near 在 ... 附近：My bed is near the window.我的床在窗户旁。 (10) .by 在........ 旁：He was sitti ng by the wi ndow 第一组：over, above和on的用法 1) over指在…的正上方，表示垂直在上。女口： There is a lamp over the desk. 2) above 指在上方，属于斜上方。如：Raise your arms above your head. 3) on 指在上面，表示两物体接触。如：There is a cup on the table. 第二组：un der / below的用法： 1) under在.. 下面/正下方：What's under your desk? 2) below 在……斜下方：Her skirt came below her knees. 练习： ( ) 1 The boat is passing___ the bridge. A. through B. below C. under D. across ( ) 2 Two planes are flying___ the city. A. through B. over , C. on , D, below ( ) 3 We can see a river running to the east ___ the hill. A. under B. below C. over D. on ( ) 4 Do you see the kite ___ the building. A. over B. cross C. on D. above 第三组： in 和on 表示“在……上” 1, 门一类——镶嵌在墙里的，用in，字画一类——挂在墙面上的，用on ( ) 1 He put up a map ___ the back wall because there was a hole ___ it. A. on; on B. at; in C. on; in D. on; at ( ) 2 There is a door___ the wall. A. on B. to C. of D. in ( ) 3 Any man ___ eyes _______ h is head can see that he's exactly like a rope. A. with; on B. with; in C. on; with D. in; with 2, 鸟一类落在树上的，用in;苹果一类长在树上的，用on ( ) 1 There are some birds singing___ the trees. A. in B. on C. at D. from ( ) 2 There are so many apples___ that tree. A. in B, on C. at D. from 第四组：in /on/ to 表示“接壤” B在A里一一用in A和B相邻(接壤)一一用on A和B不相邻(不接壤)
初中英语介词专项训练100(附答案)及解析 一、初中英语介词 1．—Taiwan is an important part of China． —Yes，it lies ______the southeast of China. A. in B. on C. to 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：台湾是中国的一个重要组成部分。当表示方位时，in表示在…范围内；to表示不接壤，常指隔海相望；on表示相邻并接壤．台湾是属于中国的，故答案为A。 【点评】考查介词辨析，注意方位介词in，on，to的用法。 2．My brother joined the army ________ September last year. A. on B. by C. at D. in 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：我哥哥去年九月参军。on后接具体的日期、星期和节日；by后接方式；at后接时间点、时刻；in后接某年某月；September，9月，因此前面用in，故选D。 【点评】此题考查介词。注意表示年月动名词前用介词in。 3．The People's Republic of China was founded ________ October 1st, 1949. We'll celebrate its 70th anniversary this year. A. in B. on C. at 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：中华人民共和国成立于1949年10月1日。今年我们要庆祝它70周年。A.in在，用在世纪、年、季节、月、周等前；B.on在，用于星期几和具体的日期等前；C.at在，用于表示时刻前。根据句子中 October 1st, 1949，表示具体的日期，要用介词on。 【点评】考查介词辨析。根据句子的语法结构选择正确的介词。 4．Let's take a walk ________ the river after diner, shall we? A. along B. through C. upon D. over 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：让我们晚饭后沿着河流散步吧，好吗？A.沿着；B.穿过；C.根据； D.在......正上方。根据常识可知沿着河流散步，along the river，沿着河流，固定搭配，故选A。 【点评】考查介词辨析，注意平时识记其词义，理解句意。 5．John often takes a walk _______ his grandpa after dinner.
专题六：介词、连词考点集汇，讲解和训练 一、介词的功能 介词是一种虚词，用来表示名词或相当于名词的其它词语句中其它词的关系，不能单独使用。介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。介词短语可在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。例如： The boy over there is John’s brother. (定语) The girl will be back in two hours. (状语) Our English teacher is from Australia. (表语) Help yourself to some fish. (宾语补足语) 二、介词的分类 1.介词可按其构成分为： （1）简单介词，即一个介词，如about，at，in，of，since等。 （2）复合介词，由两个介词组成，如as for，as to，out of等。 （3）二重介词，由两个介词搭配而成，但没有复合介词那样固定，如from under，from behind，until after，except in等。 （4）短语介词，由短语构成，如according to，because of，in spite of，on behalf of，with reference to等。 （5）分词介词，由现在分词构成，如regarding，concerning，including等。 2.介词还可按其词义分为下列常见的几种： （1）表地点（包括动向），如about， above，across，after，along，among，around，at，before，behind，below，beneath，beside，between，beyond，by，down，from，in，into，near，off，on，over，through，throughout，to，towards，under，up，upon，with，within，without等。 ［注］有不少表地点的介词可表动向，除很明显的across，around，over，towards，near 外，还有among，behind，beneath，between，on，to，under等。 （2）表时间，如about，after，around，as，at，before，behind，between，by，during，for，from，in，into，of，on，over，past，since，through，throughout，till（until），to，towards，within等。 （3）表除去，如besides，but，except等。 （4）表比较，如as，like，above，over等。
初中英语介词语法知识点总结 (WORD版本试题+名师解析答案，建议下载练习) 一、介词的概念 概念：介词一般用于名词或代词前，表示该词与句中其他成分的关系。 I often read English in the morning. Let’s meet at school. He often plays football with them. Thank you for helping me. 二、介词的分类 (一) 时间介词(二) 地点介词(三) 其他介词 ★★ (一) 时间介词 in: 泛指的早中晚；月份；年份；； in spring in the twenty-first century on: 某天的早中晚；某天 (日期；周几)； on New Year’s Day on weekends on vacation at: 具体的时刻；； at the age of 20 at night / at Christmas during: 在……期间(+时间段) She lives with us during these days. He visited his aunt during the holiday. before: 在……以前 I have to go to bed before 10:00 p.m. after: 在……以后 Lily often plays basketball after school. 单选 ( )1. What do you want to do weekends? A. on B. over C. to D. in ( )2. I like swimming summer. A. on B. in C. at D. for ( )3. the age of 26, Lily became a writer. A. On B. In C. To D. At
介词一，介词的分类 1.简单介词，是指单个的介词 如：in, on, at, on, to, with等 2.合成介词，是指两个简单介词合在一起构成的介词如：into, onto, without, inside 3.短语介词，是指一个或两个简单介词与一个或几个其他词类的词组合，在意义和作用上相当于一个简单介词的短语 如：instead of代替because of因为according to按照in front of在...的前面二，表示时间的介词 1. at表示详尽的时间点 如：at eight o’clock 联想：at构成的不变短语： at first首先at least至少at present目前at noon在中午联想：in构成的不变短语： hand in上交in fact事实上in search of寻找in the end最后，终于in a minute立刻，马上in a word一句话，总而言之in surprise惊讶地 in public当众 in no time立刻，马上 in front of在...前面 in good health身体健康的do well in在...方面干的可以in common共同的be interested in对...感兴趣 show great interest in对。。。感兴趣 in the last/past several years在过去的几年里
3.表示详尽的某一天或某一天的早晨，晚上等，用on。 如：In the morning I often get up at six o’clock but________Sunday morning, I getup at seven. A traffic accident happened near our school _________ the night of May 2,nd 2014. 联想：on构成的不变短语：(2)by+时间点，意为“到...为止”，如果by后面跟的是将来的时间点，用大凡将来时或将来完成时，如果by后面跟一个过去的时间点，用过去完成时。 如：I will finish eating by nine o’clock.By the end of last week, we had finished learning Unit5.(3)during+时间段，与延续性动词连用，表示某期间的动作。 如：She had trained hard during the four years to get ready for London OlympicGames. (4)until+时间点，意为“道...为止”，句中的谓语动词若是非延续性动词，构成句型not...until直到...才 如：We stayed there until the sunset. We didn’tgo home until the sunset. (5)表示时间前后的before, after before在...之前，after在...之后如：We must hand in our homework before class.After half past eleven we can relax ourselves.注意：before作为介词，还可以表示“面临，面对”如：What should you do before so many difficulties?如：There is a football under the desk. I looked up and saw a plane flying over my head.(2)above表示“在。。。上方”，非垂直关系,其反义词为below如：The plane is flying above the clouds.(3) on 在。。。之上，指两者表面接触。其反义词也为under 3.表示“前后”的介词和短语介词
on短语： turn on打开，旋开（收音机、电灯、煤气等）work on从事于，致力于 on ones way to在……途中get on 上车on time 按时put on 穿上，增重 be hard on sb 对某人苛刻once upon 从前 on the one hand, one the other hand 一方面，另一方面 to 短语： agree to同意，答应，接受（计划、建议、条件、安排等）go to bed上床睡觉compare...to...把……与……作比较from...to...从……到……get to 到达 do harm to对……有害处lead to通往；导致pay attention to注意 to one’s surprise使某人吃惊的是take...to...把……带到/给…… write to...写信给……make one’s way to…往……（艰难地）走去 listen to…听……welcome to…欢迎到……be harmful to 对…有害 say hello to …向……问好speak to…对……说话go to work/class 去上学 put sth to good use 好好利用某物be thankful to sb 对某人心存感激 to one’s surprise 出乎某人意料be used to 习惯于used to 曾经 in order to 为了to be honest 实话说close to 几乎，接近be similar to 和…相似be up to 由….决定be ready to 准备好做go to a doctor 看医生 look forward to 期望keep…to oneself 保密 in 短语： arrive in到达……（大地方）in danger在危险中drop in顺便拜访 hand in交上，上交join in参加in a moment马上，立即take part in参加 take pride in以……为荣in surprise吃惊地，惊讶地in time 及时in public 公开stand in line 站队be sick/ill in hospital住院in fact 实际上be talented in 有天赋get in the way of…. 挡路in that case 既然这样in total 总共 once in a while 偶尔call in 召来，叫来in line with 与…成一排 in one’s opinion 依…来看in silence 沉默fall in love 爱上 have...in common 有共同点in half 分成两半 of 短语： be afraid of害怕take(good) care of…=look after…(well) （好好）照顾,照料make fun of嘲笑……instead of代替；而不是learn of听说…… speak of谈到，提起think of考虑；想出；认为kinds of 各种各样的 out of从……向外lots of=a lot of 许多instead of 代替first of all 首先,第一 be proud of..以..为豪all of a sudden 突然，猛地plenty of 大量 get out of one’s way 格外努力ahead of 在….前面run out of 用完 get out of 从….离开be in control of 掌管because of 因为 all kinds of 各种各样的at beginning of 在…的开始 about 短语： care about担心；关心think about考虑be sure about 对…有把握
介词 一．概念：介词用来表明名词与句中其他词的关系，介词是虚词，不能独立充当句子成分介词短语能够充当句子成分, 介词短语= 介词+介词宾语（名词、宾格代词、动名词等充当） 二、常用 1、in 在......之内 1) 表示地点，表示大地点。She’s in China with her mom and dad. 2)表示时间，表示在某一个时间段内The weather is cold in winter. 3) 表示颜色和语言也用介词in。 Do you know the girl in red? I can write this article in English. 2、from 从......中来 1) come from I come from China and I’m Chinese. 2) download from I download music from the Internet. 3) be different from Lily’s habits are different from Linda’s. 3. with 和，用，与 1) with sb 和......人在一起I’m in Class One with Daming and Lingling. 2）with sth. 表示用某种工具I write with my pen, and I see with my eyes. 4. at 在...... 1) 表地点，主小地点。My father is a teacher at Beijing International School. 2) 表时间，主指时间的一个点。I get up at half past seven in the morning. 3) be good at 擅长于...... I am good at reading and writing. 5. behind 在......后面The classrooms are behind the offices. 6. next to 紧挨着The library is next to the classrooms. 7. in front of 在......前面They are in front of Tony and Daming. 8. for 为了......，因为。。。。Thank you for your email. 9. on 在......上，在......时 1）表示时间，表示具体的一天。Would you like to go to a football match on Sunday? 2）表示地点on the farm on the playground 10. to 自，向 1）talk to 与......谈论We have a break and I talk to my friends. 2) go to 去He likes films and he often goes to the cinema. 3）welcome to 欢迎到...... Welcome to Beijing Zoo. 4）listen to 听They always listen to music. 5）connect......to .和...连接一起Please connect the monitor to the computer first.
介词整理 1.get get sth. across (to sb.) 传达信息 get across 通过，传过；被理解，讲清楚 get around 传播；到处走动 get after sb. 督促；追捕 get along/on with sb. 与……共处 get at 了解 get away 逃脱；（得以）离开；度假 get behind 揭露；支持；落在……后面 get down 记下 get down on sth. 认真做…… get in 当选；被接受入学 get off 动身；下班 get off with 幸免于难 get on 登上，乘上；穿上 get out of sth. 逃避；放弃，戒除（习惯） give out 精疲力竭 get over 恢复，克服 get together 聚会 get through (to sb) 联系（某人） get through 通过；用完，消耗掉；处理，完成；挺过去；接通电话get to doing sth. 开始做 2.cut cut back on sth (Vt) 减少生产/开支；节制cut back (Vi) cut down (on sth by…)减少消耗/使用/购买cut sth down to… cut sth down 砍倒 cut in (on sb/sth) 打断 cut sb/sth off 中断通话；切断供给 cut sth out (from/of sth) 剪下；删除 cut sb up 使……伤心 cut sth up 切碎 cut away 把……减掉 3.point point out (that) 指出 point to 暗示；指着 point (sth) at sb 用……指着；瞄准（枪，照相机） point in the direction of 指着（方向） 4.take take apart 拆开 take back 收回
清大教育学科教师辅导讲义 学员编号：年级：课时数： 学员姓名：辅导科目：学科教师： 授课类型T(介词的用法) C （介词的固定搭配）T （学法与能力主题）授课日期及时段< 教学内容 一、同步知识梳理 知识点1： · 介词又叫前置词，是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间关系的词，它一般放在名词、代词（宾格）或动词（动词ing形式）前面。 知识点2： in ① 在……里面。如：in the classroom ② in＋颜色，穿着……颜色的衣服。如：Who’s the man in white ③ in＋语言，用某种语言说。如：What’s this in English ④在上午、下午、晚上。如：in the morning，in the afternoon，in the evening ^ ⑤在年、月、季节前。如：in 2008，in August，in summer ⑥在国家、城市和较大的地方前。如：in China，in Wuxi，in the playground ⑦固定搭配。如：in the middle of（在……中间），do well in（擅长），in the day（在白天）， take part in（参加），stay in bed（躺在床上），in the street（在街上）知识点3： on > ①在……上面。如：on the desk
8. Go ________ this road, turn left ________ the first crossing. 9.， 10.Can you tell me the way ________ the zoo 10. Let’s count the numbers ________ one ________ fifty. 例2： 1.___ the morning Monday morning 3.\ 4.___ a rainy evening 4. ___3:50 5.__ 2002 the morning of April 10 7.___ spring night this time 10. ___ March [ 一、专题知识梳理 知识点：介词的固定搭配 at first 起初；开始 get off 下车 at last 最后 help sb. with sth. 帮组某人做某事 at school 在上课，在上学 ask for 请求 ￥
时间介词 一、知识回顾 介词为虚词，不能单独充当句子成分，必须同名词、代词、短语、句子构成介词短语，才能充当句子成分。介词短语在句中常作表语、定语、状语和补足语。 （一）表示时间的介词： 1．at, on, in (1) at表示具体点钟或具体年龄 at 5:30在5:30at sunrise 日出时at lunch 午饭时 at noon正午时at night 夜间 { I get up at 6:00 every day. 我每天6:00起床。 表示“在……岁”时用at the age of…。 如：at the age of five 在五岁时 (2) on表示“在具体某一天或某天的上、下午”。如： on Monday在星期一on April 1st在四月一日 I heard a shot on the morning of March 18.三月十八日早晨我听到一声枪响。 泛指上、下午、晚上、夜间时用in the morning/afternoon/evening, at night；但若指具体某一天的上述时段时，则一律用on。 如：on the afternoon of May 23 在五月二十三日下午 。 (3) in表示“在某月、季节、年、世纪”以及泛指的上、下午、晚上。 in September在九月in winter在冬季 in 1999 在1999年in the 20th century在20世纪 in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上 2．for, during, through（时间的期间） (1) for表示“一段时间”，后接与数词连用的时间名词。多与完成时连用。 I’ve been a soldier for 5 years.我入伍已5年了。 She has been ill for several days. 她已经病了几天了。 】 表示“持续一段时间”时，for后面必须跟“数字+时间名词”，而during后决不可接数字。 (2) during表示“在……期间” He visited many nice places during his stay here.在他逗留期间他参观了许多美丽的地方。 What did you do during the summer vacation 你在暑假做了什么 (3) through表示“一直……，自始至终” They worked hard through the winter.整个冬天他们都在努力工作。 She treated me like her brother through these years. 这些年来她始终把我当哥哥对待。
一. 平面方位 1.1“前”&“后” in front of “在…前面”（在物体外的前面） in the front of “在…前部”（在物体内部的前面） behind “在…后面”（在物体外的后面） at the back of “在…后部”（在物体内部的后面） 1.2 “在左边”on the left (of) “在右边”on the right (of) “在…中间”in the middle (of) 1.3 在两者之间between 在三者或者以上之间among 如右图所示： The teacher is sitting between the twins. Lucy is dancing among her classmates. 1.4“对面”opposite 二、表示地点的介词in、on、behind、next to、near、over、under (1). in在……里面：The pencil is in the desk. 铅笔在课桌里。 (2). on在……上面：There are some apple on the tree. 树上有些苹果。 (3). under在……下面/正下方：What's under your desk? 你书桌底下是什么？ (4). over在……正上方：There is a shelf over the table. 桌子上方有一个书架。 (5). above 在……斜上方：Raise your arms above your head. (6). below 在……斜下方：Her skirt came below her knees. (7).behind在……之后：There is a bike behind the tree. 树后有一辆自行车。 (8).next to在……旁边：There is a café next to the barber's. 理发店隔壁是一家咖啡馆。 (9).near在……附近：My bed is near the window. 我的床在窗户旁。 (10).by 在……旁：He was sitting by the window .