讲义5 ：介词
一．介词的概念:
介词（虚词），不能在句子中独立充当成分。它总是用于名词、代词、或相当于名词的其它词类或短语活从句前。中考需要掌握的11 个介词：in、on、at、to、from、by、with、for、about、after、before 表示时间的介词。
二．介词的功能：
1、作定语：The book on the table is mine.
2、作状语：We have breakfast at seven.（表时间）；They were late for meeting because of the heavy rain.（表原因）；They started the machine by pressing the button.（表方法）
3、作表语：My dictionary is in the bag.
4、作宾语补足语：I found him in the office.
三．介词基本用法
1．表示时间的介词
in表示年、季节、月份、周，或泛指上午、下午或晚上；on表示某一天，某一
2．表示方位的介词
on意为“在……的上面”；over意为“在……（垂直）的正上方”；above意为“在……（不一定垂直）的上方”；under意为“在……（垂直的）正下方”；below意为“在……
（不一定垂直）的下方”；near意为“在……附近”；next to意为“紧挨着……”；round / around意为“在……周围”；by意为“在……旁边”；表示两者的位置关系时in表示“在同一区域内或同一范围内”；on表示“接壤；相邻”；to表示“相离；相隔”，两者不属同一范围，也不接壤。
3．表示延续时间的介词
by意为“在……之前；不迟于……”；for意为“历时……之久；持续……”；in 意为“在……以后；在……时间内”；since意为“自从……以来；自……以后”；until 用于否定句中，意为“直到……才”，其前的谓语动词多为非延续性动词，用在肯定句中，意为“直到……为止”，其前谓语动词须用延续性动词。如：
他已经当老师9年了。He has been a teacher ________ nine years.
我已经在这儿住了10年了。I have lived here ________ ten years ago.
他十分钟之后将会回来。He will be back ________ ten minutes.
知道五月，我们才会看到一些花。We don’t see any flowers ________ May.
你必须得在这里站到太阳落下去为止。You must stand here ________ the sun sets.
我明天早晨八点前必须得到校。I must be at school ________ eight tomorrow morning.
你能在五分钟之内干完这些工作吗？Can you finish your work _______ five minutes?
4．表示方式的介词
介词用来表交通，常把by, in, on来用；
限定、复数用in / on，by要直通海陆空；
骑马、骑车惯用on，小轿车前in才通。
【注意】
a. by + 交通工具，意为“乘坐……”。如：
海：be ship / boat / sea 陆：by bus / car / train / bike / taxi 空：by air / plane / spaceship
b. on / in + 限定词+ 交通工具，意为“乘坐……”。如：
He goes to work on the bike / in his car. 他骑自行车/ 开车去上班。
on foot为固定短语，意为“步行”。
5. 表示运动方向的介词
across意为“从……表面横过或穿过”，或沿某一条线的方向而进行的动作；through意为“从……内部穿过”，past和by表示“从旁边经过或路过”。如：Please be careful when you go______ the street.当你穿过马路时请小心。
They walked _______the forest yesterday.昨天他们穿过森林。
We often go _______a bakery on our way to school. 我们在去学校的路上经常经过面包店。
课后练习:
1. He kept his head _____ water when he began to learn swimming, but he raised his head now and then
A. over
B. below
C. above
D. up
2. Another grand bridge will be built _____ the Pearl River in our city.
A. along
B. up
C. on
D. across
3. I'll leave Beijing for Guangzhou ____ a week, while my brother will leave Guangzhou for Beijing ____ our National Day.
A. in, in
B. after, in
C. after, after
D. in, after
4. The huge picture looks more beautiful _____ the blue sky.
A. against
B. to
C. over
D. under
5. The climate here doesn't agree _____ her.
A. to
B. on
C. with
D. at
6. 2. Standard time in Beijing is eight hours ____ Greenwich Mean Time(GMT格林威治标准时间).
A. after
B. front
C. ahead of
D. forward
7. --- Can you tell me what’s your aim ,Li Ping?
--- I am aiming ____ a famous physicist.
A. at
B. for
C. in
D. to
8. "Pass ____ the bus, everyone." the conductor shouted politely.
A. on
B. into
C. to
D. along
9. I was angry _____ missing the Kung fu film with Cheng Long as hero.
A. at
B. with
C. for
D. on
10. We were anxious _____ news of your safe arrival.
A. to
B. of
C. for
D. at
11. Tom was arguing _____ the payment of the bill_____ John.
A. about; on
B. over; with
C. on; on
D. with; with
12. They were astonished _____ the news of his escape from prison.
A. for
B. in
C. at
D. to
13. He was absorbed ____ a book and didn’t hear your repeated call.
A. to
B. in
C. with
D. at
14. --- Are you familiar with the bank over there?
--- Only a little, I have an account ____ it.
A. in
B. with
C. to
D. of
15. The doctor bent _____ the boy and checked his wound.
A. up
B. on
C. above
D. over
16. Mary answered all the questions _____ the last one, which she had never heard of
before.
A. besides
B. except
C. apart from
D. except for
17. Hunan lies _____ such provinces as Hubei, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guizhou and
Chongqin.
A. among
B. above
C. beside
D. between
18. The dying man is _____ the help of the doctor.
A. outside
B. without
C. out of
D. beyond
19. I don’t know why he blamed the accident _____ me.
A. at
B. to
C. for
D. on
20. The horse is blind _____ the left eye.
A. to
B. in
C. for
D. on
21. He is very strict with others, but he is always blind _____ his own shortcomings.
A. for
B. to
C. with
D. in
22. We will never forget this historical lesson written _____ blood.
A. by
B. with
C. of
D. in
23. It is said that a bridge is being built _____ the river.
A. under
B. to
C. over
D. at
24. --- How did you go to work yesterday?
--- I went to work _____ my friend’s private car.
A. by
B. in
C. on
D. at
25. The train leaves at 6:00 p.m., so I have to be at the station ____ 5:40 p.m. at the
least.
A. until
B. after
C. by
D. around
26. I called _____ you last night, but you were out.
A. with
B. on
C. at
D. in
27. You should write the first letter of the sentence _____ capital one.
A. on
B. with
C. in
D. at
28. He is too careful _____ his money; he never buys a drink for us.
A. to
B. at
C. for
D. with
29. Can you say _____ certain when he will come here?
A. at
B. for
C. with
D. in
30. More than 20 years ago he was badly wounded in the anti-Vietnam war. Since
then he can only walk _____ an arm-chair .
A. in
B. on
C. by
D. over
31. Einstein didn’t care for money. Once he used a check _____ $1000 as a bookmark and then he lost it.
A. for
B. of
C. about
D. to
32. When the Chinese delegation arrived at Vienna airport, they were received _____
cheers.
A. in
B. for
C. on
D. with
33. The little boy is very clever _____ every subject.
A. at
B. in
C. about
D. on
34. Her clothes are very bright _____ colour. A. of B. in C. on D. with
35. Don’t sit _____the corner of the desk. That’s impolite for a student.
A. on
B. in
C. to
D. at
36. It is said that the step-mother is very cruel _____ the children.
A. with
B. at
C. about
D. to
37. The boy is curious _____ everything. I am sure he is very clever.
A. to
B. about
C. with
D. in
38. She is crazy _____ the film star, while her brother is crazy _____ surfing.
A. to; for
B. on; to
C. for; at
D. for; on
39. Once everyone is _____ his life, he will instinctively(本能) find every possible
way _____.
A. in danger of; out of danger
B. in the danger of; out of danger
C. in danger of; out of the danger
D. in the danger of; out of the danger
40. Let’s put our heads together and decide _____ a plan of ac tion.
A. on
B. about
C. for
D. at
41. During her study in Massachusetts Institute of Technology she has got the degree
_____ PhD, and it is a degree ______ chemistry.
A. of; at
B. in; at
C. of; in
D. in; of
42. In China children, even in their twenties depended _____ their parents _____ food
and clothing.
A. upon; on
B. on; in
C. on; for
D. at; to
43. Our national scenery Zhangjiajie is so charming that it is _____ description.
A. out
B. beside
C. over
D. beyond
44. _____ the _____ of modern industry, the pollution is becoming more and more
serious.
A. With; developing
B. Under; development
C. With; development
D. Under; developing
45. The twins look much like each other, but they are different _____ nature.
A. in
B. about
C. on
D. with
46. _____ his disadvantage, it began to rain heavily suddenly.
A. At
B. With
C. To
D. For
47. She was disappointed _____ hearing the news that Chinese football team lost the
first match in “World Cup”.
A. at
B. in
C. of
D. with
48. Some new changes happened _____ the school _____ my absence.
A. at; to
B. in; for
C. in; during
D. at; on
49. He goes _____ at 8 a.m. and comes _____ at 5 p.m. Today he is _____.
A. on duty; off duty; on night duty
B. on his duty; off the duty; on night duty
C. to duty; from duty; at night duty
D. in duty; out duty; at night duty
50. The Englishman has a very good ear _____ music. You can ask him for some
advice.
A. at
B. of
C. for
D. in
初中英语介词用法归纳总结 常用介词基本用法辨析 表示方位的介词：in, to, on 1. in 表示在某地范围之内。 Shanghai is/lies in the east of China. 上海在中国的东部。 2. to 表示在某地范围之外。 Japan is/lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国的东面。 3. on 表示与某地相邻或接壤。 Mongolia is/lies on the north of China. 蒙古国位于中国北边。 表示计量的介词：at, for, by 1. at 表示“以……速度”“以……价格”。 It flies at about 900 kilometers an hour. 它以每小时900公里的速度飞行。 I sold my car at a high price. 我以高价出售了我的汽车。 2. for 表示“用……交换，以……为代价”。 He sold his car for 500 dollars. 他以五百元把车卖了。
注意：at表示单价(price) ，for表示总钱数。 3. by 表示“以……计”，后跟度量单位。 They paid him by the month. 他们按月给他计酬。 Here eggs are sold by weight. 在这里鸡蛋是按重量卖的。 表示材料的介词：of, from, in 1. of 成品仍可看出原料。 This box is made of paper. 这个盒子是纸做的。 2. from 成品已看不出原料。 Wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的。 3. in 表示用某种材料或语言。 Please fill in the form in pencil first. 请先用铅笔填写这个表格。They talk in English. 他们用英语交谈。 表示工具或手段的介词：by, with, on 1. by 用某种方式，多用于交通。 I went there by bus. 我坐公共汽车去那儿。 2. with表示“用某种工具”。
一、at 短语 be angry at sth. 对某事生气 arrive at 到达……(小地方) knock at/on 敲…… at last 最后，终于 laugh at 嘲笑 look at 看，注视 at the moment 现在，此时 point at/to 指向 at times 不时 二、after 短语 look after 照看，照顾 name after 以……的名字命名 run after 追赶;追求 三、on 短语 agree on (通过协商)达成共识 call on 拜访，看望 come on 快点儿；加油 on display 在展出 hang on 稍等，别挂断 on holiday 度假，休假 play a joke on 和……开玩笑，戏弄……
keep on 继续 live on 以……为食，靠……生活 put on 穿上；戴上 turn on 打开，旋开（收音机、电灯、煤气等） work on 从事于，致力于 四、to 短语 agree to 同意，答应，接受（计划、建议、条件、安排等）go to bed 上床睡觉 compare...to... 把……与……作比较 from...to... 从……到…… get to 到达 do harm to 对……有害处 lead to 通往；导致 pay attention to 注意 take...to... 把……带到/给…… write to... 写信给…… 五、in 短语 arrive in 到达……（大地方） in danger 在危险中 drop in 顺便拜访 hand in 交上，上交 join in 参加
初中英语介词专项练习题 1 ( ) 1 Children get gifts ____ Christmas and ____ their birthdays. A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on ( ) 2 -There is nothing ____tomorrow afternoon, is there? -No. We can have a game of table tennis. A. on B. in C. out D. up ( ) 3 A lot of students in our school were born____March, 1981. A. in B. at C. on D. since ( ) 4Tim suddenly returned____ a rainy night. A. on B. at C. in D. during ( ) 5My grandfather was born____Oct. 10, 1935. A. on B. In C. at D. of ( ) 6The train is starting___five minutes. A. In B. At C. For D.still ( ) 7Mike does his exercises ____ seven _____ the evening. A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at; on 2 ( ) 1 The population of the world has grown very fast ____ four hundred years. A. for past the B. in the pass C. in the past D. for past ( ) 2 We returned to our hometown___. A. next week B. in the last week C. last week D . for a week ( ) 3 Great changes have taken place___. A. in the last few year B. in the last few years C. last year D. on the last year 3 ( ) 1 Children wake up very early____the morning of Christmas Day. A. in B. on C. for D. at ( ) 2 ____ a cold winter morning, I met her in the stfeet. A. In B. On C. At D. For ( ) 3 It happened to be very cold____ the morning of our sports meet. A. at B. on C. with D. of ( ) 4 Why did you get up so early ___ this morning. A. on B. / C. at D. in 4 ( ) 1 He went to Shanghai___ September 3, 1991 and came back___ a cold morning last year. A. in; on B. on; in C. on; on D. in; ia ( ) 2 Lucy was born____ the night of May 12, 1984. . ... A. on B. in C. at D. to ( ) 3 Mrs Brown came to China ____ 1996.
短语、词组归纳 由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理： 一、动词 +介词 1． look at ?看?， look like look after 照?料? 2． listen to 听??? 3． welcome to ?欢迎到?? 4． say hello to 向?? 问好 5． speak to ?对??说话 看?上去像??， 此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。如： This is my new bike. Please look it after.( ) × This is my new bike. Please look after it.( √) 二、动词 +副词 “动词 +副词”所构成的短语义分为两类： A ．动词（ vt. ） +介词、副词 1． put on 穿上2． take off 脱下 3． write down 记下 此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。试比较： First listen to the tape, then write down the answer/write the answer down. ( First listen to the answer, then write down it.( ) × First listen to the answer, then write it down.( √) B ．动词（ vi ） +介词、副词。 1．come on 赶快2．get up 起床 3．go home 回家4．come in 进来5．sit down 坐 下 √) 6．stand up 起立 此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。 三、其它类动词词组 1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class 4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper 7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games 10. play games 介词短语聚焦 “介词 +名词 /代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl- 16 常用的介词短语按用法进 行归类。 1． in+ 语言 /颜色 / 衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着 ??。如： in English ， in the hat 2． in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade 等，表示“在??排 /队 /班级 /年级”等。 3． in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午 /下午 / 傍晚”等一段时间。 4． in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌 /铅笔盒 /卧室里”。 5． in the tree 表示“在树上(非树本身所有) ”； on the tree 表示“在树上 (为树本身所有) ”。如： There are some birds in the tree. There are many apples on the trees.
初中英语中考词组大全 [短语、词组归纳] 由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理： 一、动词+介词 1．look at…看…， look like … 看上去像……， look after …照料… 2．listen to…听…… 3．welcome to…欢迎到…… 4．say hello to …向……问好 5．speak to…对……说话 此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。 二、动词+副词 “动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类：A．动词（vt.）+副词 6．put on 穿上 7．take off脱下 8．write down记下 此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。 B．动词（vi）+副词。 9．come on赶快 10．get up起床 11．go home回家 12．come in进来 13．sit down坐下 14．stand up起立 此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。 三、其它类动词词组 15.close the door 16.1ook the same 17. go to work/class 18. have a look/seat 19. have supper 20.1ook young 21. go shopping 22. watch TV/games 23. play games [介词短语聚焦] “介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为 介词短语。现将Units l-16常用的介 词短语按用法进行归类。 24．in+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用种 语言或穿着……。 25．in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等， 表示“在……排/队/班级/年级”等。 26.in the morning/afternoon/evening 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。27．in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。 28．in the tree表示“在树上(非树本身所有)”；on the tree表示“在树上(为树 本身所有)”。 29.in the wall表示“在墙上(凹进去).” on the wall表示“在墙上(墙表面)” 30．at work（在工作/at school（上学）/at home（在家）应注意此类短语中 无the。 31．at + 时刻表示钟点。 32．like this/that表示方式，意为 “像……这/那样”。 33．of短语表示所属关系。 34．behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名 词等，表示方位、处所。 35．from与to多表示方向，前者意为 “从……”，后者意为“到……”。 另外，以下这些短语也必须掌握。如：on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one’s bike等。[重点句型大回放] 36．I think…意为“我认为……”，是对 某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句 型。其否定式常用I don’t think…37．One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意为“一个是……；另一 个是……”，必须是两者中。 38．Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，人后应用不带to的动词不定式， 其否定式为Don’t let sb，do sth.，或Let sb. not do sth. 另外，Let’s 与Let us的含义不完全相同，前者包括听者在内，后者不包括听者在内， 39．help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，前者
中学英语常见带介词的t o短语归纳
常见带介词的to短语归纳 be / get / become used to 习惯于 be given to 喜欢;癖好 be related to 与…有关系 be addicted to 沉溺于;对…上瘾 be opposed to 反对 devote oneself to献身于;专心于 be devoted to 致力于;忠诚于 be admitted to 被…录取;准进入 be reduced to 沦为 reduce…to…使…沦为 be attached to附属于;喜欢;依恋 be adjusted to 适应 be known to 为…所知 be married to 和…结婚 be sentenced to被判处 be connected to 和…连在一起 be exposed to 暴露于;遭受 be compared to 被比喻成 compare… to…把…比作… be engaged to 与…订婚 be / become / get accustomed to / accustomed to 惯于;有…习惯
be engaged to 与…订婚 get down to 着手做 lead to 导致 object to反对;不喜欢;不赞成 put one’s mind to全神贯注于give rise to 引起 look forward to 盼望 stick to 坚持 pay attention to 注意 attend to 专心;注意;照料 see to 负责;注意 contribute to对…作贡献;有助于make contributions to对…作贡献apply oneself to 致力于 come close to几乎;将近 reply to 回答 add to 增加 add up to 加起来 in addition to除…之外 turn to转向;求助于 feel up to 能胜任于 look up to 尊敬
初中英语常用词组复习 一、动词词组(包括短语动词)、介词词组和其他词组 (一) 由be构成的词组 2)be at home/work在家/上班 3)be good at善于，擅长于 4)be careful of当心，注意，仔细 7)be surprised (at)对??感到惊讶10)be on在进行，在上演，（灯）亮着 11) be able to do sth.能够做?? 12) be afraid of (to do sth. that?)恐怕?? 13) be angry with sb.生(某人)的气 14)be pleased (with)对??感到高兴(满意) 15)be famous for/ as 以??而著名/作为····而出名 16)be strict in (with) (对工作、对人)严格要求 20)be (well) worth doing (非常)值得做?? 21)be covered with被??所覆盖 ?? 22)be in (great) need of (很)需要 23)be in trouble处于困境中 24) be glad to do sth.很高兴做?? 25)be late for ??迟到 26)be made of (from)由??制成 27)be satisfied with对??感到满意 30)be busy doing (with)忙于做??(忙于??) (二)由come、do、get、give、go、have、help、keep、make、 look、put、set、send、take、turn、play等动词构成的词组 1. come 1)come back回来 2)come down下来 3)come in进入，进来 4)come on快，走吧，跟我来 5)come out出来 6)come out of从??出来7)come up上来 8)come from来自?? 2. do 9)do one's lessons/homework做功课/回家作业 11)do one's best尽力 12)do some shopping (cooking reading, cleaning)买东西(做饭菜，读点书，大扫除) 16)do well in在??某方面干得好 3. get 17)get up起身 20)get on (well) with get alone with与 ??相处(融洽) 24)get on/off上/下车 25)get to到达 4. give 27)give sb. a call给??打电话 30)give back归还，送回 31)give??some advice on给??一些忠告 33)give in屈服 34)give up放弃 5. go 38)go to the cinema看电影 39)go to bed睡觉(make the bed整理床铺) 40)go to school (college)上学(上大学) 42)go over过一遍，复习/ go over to朝 ??走去 47)go out for a walk外出散步 48)go on (doing)继续(做??) 49)go on with one's work继续某人的工作6. have 55)have a try试一试 56)have a good/wonderful time玩得很高兴60)have breakfast/lunch/supper吃早饭/午 饭/晚饭 64)have (have got) a headache头痛 65)have a fever发烧 66)have a cough (a cold)咳嗽(感冒) 67)have a look (at)看一看?? 68)have a rest (a break)休息一会儿(工间或 课间休息) 71)have sports进行体育锻炼 仅供学习与参考
初中英语短语大全及常用词组 a a department store 百货商店 a few 几个，—些 a good idea 好主意 a lot of 许多 a map of China 一张中国地图 a new student 一名新生 a nice school 一所好的学校 a post office 邮局 a quarter past ten 十点一刻 a telephone booth 电话亭 a ticket for Shanghai 一张飞往上海的机票 all kinds of各种各样 an American boy 一个美国男孩儿 around the house 在房子周围 at home 在家 at home 在家 at the age of 在……年龄 at the bus stop 在公共汽车站 at the end 在终点
at the market 在市场里 at this moment 现在 at weekends 在周末 b be air, by plane 乘飞机 be all right 身体好了 be clever and quick in doing things 在做事上聪明伶俐 be different from 与……不同 be far from 离……远 be good at 擅长 be interested in 对……感兴趣 be interested in 对…感兴趣 be late for the first class 第一节课迟到 be on 演出 be over结束 be ready for 为…做准备 be sorry for 为…难过，遗憾 become a teacher 成为一名教师want to be a doctor 想成为一名教师brush one's teeth 刷牙 burn away 燃烧没了 by boat 乘船 by sea, by ship 乘船
介词 一．概念：介词用来表明名词与句中其他词的关系，介词是虚词，不能独立充当句子成分介词短语能够充当句子成分, 介词短语= 介词+介词宾语（名词、宾格代词、动名词等充当） 二、常用 1、in 在......之内 1) 表示地点，表示大地点。She’s in China with her mom and dad. 2)表示时间，表示在某一个时间段内The weather is cold in winter. 3) 表示颜色和语言也用介词in。 Do you know the girl in red? I can write this article in English. 2、from 从......中来 1) come from I come from China and I’m Chinese. 2) download from I download music from the Internet. 3) be different from Lily’s habits are different from Linda’s. 3. with 和，用，与 1) with sb 和......人在一起I’m in Class One with Daming and Lingling. 2）with sth. 表示用某种工具I write with my pen, and I see with my eyes. 4. at 在...... 1) 表地点，主小地点。My father is a teacher at Beijing International School. 2) 表时间，主指时间的一个点。I get up at half past seven in the morning. 3) be good at 擅长于...... I am good at reading and writing. 5. behind 在......后面The classrooms are behind the offices. 6. next to 紧挨着The library is next to the classrooms. 7. in front of 在......前面They are in front of Tony and Daming. 8. for 为了......，因为。。。。Thank you for your email. 9. on 在......上，在......时 1）表示时间，表示具体的一天。Would you like to go to a football match on Sunday? 2）表示地点on the farm on the playground 10. to 自，向 1）talk to 与......谈论We have a break and I talk to my friends. 2) go to 去He likes films and he often goes to the cinema. 3）welcome to 欢迎到...... Welcome to Beijing Zoo. 4）listen to 听They always listen to music. 5）connect......to .和...连接一起Please connect the monitor to the computer first.
初中英语介词用法归纳整理 表示时间的介词 at：用于表示时刻，时间的某一点。 on:用于星期，某天，某一天的上午，下午，晚上指具体的某一天时，一律用on in:用于表示周，月，季节，年，泛指上午，下午，晚上 before:在...之前 after:在...之后 by:在....前时间截止到... untiltill：直到.....为止 for：达...之久表示过了多少时间 during：在....期间 through：一直..从开始到结束 from：从...起时间 since:自从...以来表示从以前某时一直到现在仍在继续 in：过...后未来时间 within：不超过...的范围 表示场所，方向的介词 at :在某地点表示比较狭窄的场所 in:在某地表示比较宽敞的场所 on:在...上面，有接触面 above：在...上方 over：在...正上方，是under的反义词 under：在..下面，在...之内 below :在...下方不一定是正下方
near：近的，不远的 by:在...的旁边，比near的距离要近 between：在两者之间 among：在三者或者更多的之中 around：环绕，在...的周围，在....的四周 in front of:在...的前面 behind：在...后边 in：在..之内，用于表示静止的位置 into：进入 out of :和into一样，也表示有一定的运动方向 along：沿着 across：横过平面物体 through：贯通，通过 to :达到..地点目的地或方向 for：表示目的，为了..... from：从...地点起 其他介词 with：和..在一起; 具有，带有; 用某种工具或方法 in：表示用什么材料例如：墨水，铅笔等或用什么语言。表示衣着.声调特点时，不用with而用in。 by:通过...方法，手段 of:属于...的，表示...的数量或种类 from：来自某地，某人，以...起始 without：没有，是with的反义词 like :像...一样
初中英语常用介词短语 1)at once 立刻 2)at last 最后 3)at first 起先,首先 4)at the age of -.. 在.… …岁时 5)at the end of -.. 在.… …之末 6)at the begi nning of …在……之初 7)at the foot of … 在… ?…脚下 8)at the same time 同时 9)at ni ght/noon 在夜里/中午 10)with on e's help 在某人的帮助下，由于某人的帮助 11) with the help of … 在....... 的帮助下 12) with a smile 面带笑容 13) with on e's own eyes 亲眼看见 14) after a while 过了一会儿 15) from now on 从现在起 16) from then on 从那时起 17) far example 例如 18) far away from 远离 19) from morni ng till ni ght 从早至U 晚20) by and by 不久 21) by air mail 寄航空邮件 22) by bike/air/trai n/bus 骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车 23)by ordinary mail 寄平信 24)by the way 顺便说 25)by the win dow 在窗边 26)by the end of …到 .. 底为止 27)little by little 逐渐地 28)in all 总共 29)in fact 事实上 30)i n on e's twen ties 在某人一十几岁时 31)in a hurry 匆忙 32)in the middle of 在…中间 33)i n no time (in a mi nu te) 立刻, 很快 34)in time (on time) 及时 35)i n public 公众，公开地 36)in order to 为了 37)in front of 在……前面 38)in the sun 在阳光下 39)in the end 最后，终于 40) in surprise 惊奇地
一．介词的含义 介词是一种虚词，用来表示名词或相当于名词的其它词语与句中其它词的关系，不能单独使 用。介词可以与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。 二．表示时间的介词 at (表示钟点): at 6：30 固定搭配: at noon ; at night ; at present / at the moment in (表示年代/月份/季节): in July; in 2006; in September，1998 ； in spring 固定搭配: in the morning / in the afternoon / in the evening on (表示具体日期: 某月某日/星期几): on Monday ; on Sunday morning ; on December 17 before在 --- 之前after 在--之后 by在--之前（时间）；到--为止until / till : 直到 --（时间） since自从 -- 以来for（接一段时间） during 在 -- 期间from 从--时起 in + 一段时间： --以后（用于将来时）within --之内 after+ 一段时间：--以后（用于过去时） beyond --之外 三．表示场所，方向的介词 at 在某处（小地方）（at the cinema； at school； at home； at the railway station） in 在某处（大地方）（in China； in Beijing）；在--里面（in the classroom； in the water） on 在--上面（紧贴着其表面）: (on the table; on one’s face) near 在---附近 beside：在--旁边by 在--旁边 between在--和--之间among在--（3者或更多的人或物）当中 in front of 在--的前面behind 在--的后面 beside: 在—旁边 into 进入--里out of 从--中出来 near / nest to 靠近 across穿过（沿着表面）through穿过（从中间）along 沿着 from -- to -- 从--到-- around 在--周围 over 在--的正上方under在--的正下面/ above 在--斜上方 below 在--斜下方
初中英语常用介词短语词组 1) ........................ a sk for 向要，请求 2) ask for leave 请假 3) send for 派人去请(叫) 4) pay for 付... 的款 5) wait for 等候 6) tha nk for 为.... 感谢 7) apologize to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉 8) look for 寻找 9) leave…for 离开... 去... 10) fall off 跌落 11) catch cold 着凉，伤风 12) catch up with 赶上 13) agree with sb. 赞成，同意某人的意见 14) filled…with 把……装满 15) tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事 16) talk about 谈论…… 17) think about 考虑…… 18) worry about 担忧…… 19) look after 照料
20) run after 追赶，跟在后面跑
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定义：介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句字成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作状语，表语，补语或介词宾语。 ※一、表示时间的介词： 1)in , on，at 在……时 in表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。 如in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, in the morning, in the night, in one’s life , in one’s thirties等。 on表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。 如on May 1st, on Monday, on New Year’s Day, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。 at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间，或泛指圣诞节，复活节等。 如at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of …, at the age of …, at Christmas，at night, at noon, at this moment等。 注意：在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。如：We meet every day. “at时间点，有on必有天，in指月季年，也和色相连” 就是说，有具体的时间点的时候用at，具体那一天用on，说到月份，季节，年份，就用in ；而且说谁穿了什么颜色的衣服的时候，也是用in XX（color）】 at用于某一具体时刻或重大节日之前 ①在五点钟______②在中午________③在夜晚________④在圣诞节________⑤在午夜_________ (2)on用在具体某一天或某天的上午、下午、晚上之前 ①在国庆节_________②在周二晚上_________③在星期天_________ (3)in用在周、日、季节或泛指的上午、下午、晚上前 ①在一周内_________②在五月_________③在夏季_________④在2009年_________⑤在下午_________ 归纳总结 在初中阶段常见的固定短语 in English用英语in a minute一会儿、立刻in a short while一会儿、不久 in a hurry匆匆忙忙in danger在危险中in full全部地、详细地 in a word一句话in all总共in every case不管怎样 in the end最后in spite of尽管in person亲自
初中英语常用短语大全 A 1.a bit of 有一点儿 2.2. a big dinner 一顿丰盛的正餐 3. a bottle of 一瓶 4. a can of 一听，一罐 5. a cup of 一茶杯 6. a few 一些；少数几个 7. a few days ago 几天前 8. a few months ago 几个月前 9. a few weeks ago 几周前 10. a few years ago 几年前 11. a glass of 一玻璃杯 12. a drop of water 一滴水 13. a family of three people 一个三口之家 14. a great many 非常多的 15. agree to do sth. 同意做某事 16. a half 一半 17. a kind of 一种；一类 18. a large [great] number of 许多 19. a little 一点，少量 20. a little + 比较级 21. a long time ago 很久以前 22. a lot (of ) 许多；多数 23. a moment later 片刻之后 24. a TV set 电视机 25. and so on 等等 26. a number of 若干的；许多的 27. a pair of shoes (gloves, glasses, socks, scissors, trousers ) 一对；一副 28. a piece of 一块（张，片，只） 29. a type of 一种型号的…… 30. a sleeping baby 正睡的孩子 31. a shop assistant 售货员，店员 32. a waste of time 浪费时间 33. another way of saying sth. 某物的另一种说法 34. after a while 过了一会儿 35. after breakfast 早饭后 36. after class / school 下课后 / 放学后 37. again and again 再三地，反复地 38. agree with sb. 同意（某提议） 39. agree with 与（人，想法）意见一致 40. all day (long) 一整天；一天到睌
初中英语介词专项文档编制序号：[KKIDT-LLE0828-LLETD298-POI08]
介词 一．概念：介词用来表明名词与句中其他词的关系，介词是虚词，不能独立充当句子成分介词短语能够充当句子成分, 介词短语 = 介词+介词宾语（名词、宾格代词、动名词等充当） 二、常用 之内 1) 表示地 点，表示大地点。She’s in China with her mom and dad. 2)表示时间，表示在某一个时间段内The weather is cold in winter. 3) 表示颜色和语言也用介词in。 Do you know the girl in red I can write this article in English. 2、from 从......中来 1) come from I come from China and I’m Chinese. 2) download from I download music from the Internet. 3) be different from Lily’s habits are different from Linda’s. 3. with 和，用，与 1) with sb 和......人在一起I’m in Class One with Daming and Lingling. 2）with sth. 表示用某种工具 I write with my pen, and I see with my eyes. 4. at 在...... 1) 表地点，主小地点。My father is a teacher at Beijing International School. 2) 表时间，主指时间的一个点。I get up at half past seven in the morning. 3) be good at 擅长于...... I am good at reading and writing. 5. behind 在......后面 The classrooms are behind the offices. 6. next to 紧挨着The library is next to the classrooms. 7. in front of 在......前面They are in front of Tony and Daming. 8. for 为了......，因为。。。。 Thank you for your email. 9. on 在......上，在......时 1）表示时间，表示具体的一天。 Would you like to go to a football match on Sunday？ 2）表示地点on the farm on the playground 10. to 自，向 1）talk to 与......谈论 We have a break and I talk to my friends. 2) go to 去 He likes films and he often goes to the cinema. 3）welcome to 欢迎到...... Welcome to Beijing Zoo. 4）listen to 听 They always listen to music. 5）connect......to .和...连接一起Please connect the monitor to the computer first. 三、．常用的介词的区别： ① in, to, on在方位名词前的区别 1. in表示A地在B地范围之内，如 Taiwan is in the southeast of China. 2. to表示A地在B地范围之外（有距离），如：Japan lies to the east of China.