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读阅读,知词义,活学词
作者:吴颙
来源:《中学生英语·外语教学与研究》2016年第01期
从阅读理解我们看到,掌握单词的构词法,根据词根推测单词的含义,注重派生词和合成真正含义才是语篇理解的关键。
1. 单词的重要性
著名语言学家威尔金斯(Wilkins)说:“Without grammar very little can be conveyed,without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed.”由此可见单词是何等重要。做阅读理解词汇量是必不可少的,如果只是仅仅掌握高考3500词,是远远不够的。从2015年全国I卷的阅读理解我们看到,掌握单词的构词法,根据词根推测单词的含义,注重派生词和合成真正含义才是语篇理解的关键。2015年全国I卷为一套难易适中的好题。阅读理解难易适中,贴近生活,试题设计梯度适当,突出语篇平稳,引领教育改革的时尚;然而里面出现的词汇确实给人一种震撼。
2. 巧用单词实例
2015年课标I卷中有如下部分词汇很有味道。
动词变名词:adapt-adaptation. exhibit-exhibition, preserve-preservation, create-creation,admit-admission expand-expansion, select-selection, admire-admiration,grow-growth, forgive-forgiveness,persist-Persistence, betray-betrayal
形容词变名词:warm-warmth,grateful-gratefulness,happy-happiness, popular-popularity, accurate-accuracy, mental-mentality personal-personality
形容词变副词:terrible-terribly, new-newly
合成词:northeast,wake-up, red-painted, vine-ripened, masterworks, museum-theatre, Artworks. relationship, lifestyle-longer, showman customers-some session-care,lifestyle wrongdoer, outcome well-being, online
形容词变动词: deep-deepen
名词动用: home
分词:tasting ,opened, engineering intellectualize (高谈阔论)-intellectualizing,learned, freezing, reflecting