题型四 语篇型语法填空
Cloze1 [2019全国I]
主题:对北极熊数量的关注与研究 词数:164 难度:★★★ 建议时间:8分钟
高考真题
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000—25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modern methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 66 (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 67 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are 68 (high) than they actually are. Of 69 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
试题分析
?素养解读
文章通过介绍科学家对北极熊数量变化的关注与研究,引导考生关注生态和自然,提高环境保护意识,深入思考人与自然的和谐相处之道。
庖丁解牛
本题难点集中在同位语从句、非谓语动词等考点。
?61题,要分析出这是一个复合句,"they range...Canada"是对空前evidence的具体内容的解释,根据同位语从句引导词的特点可知,此空填that。
?64题,要熟练掌握及运用"主语+be动词+adj.+不定式" 结构,本题中Modern methods与第二个谓语相隔较远,如能识别出这个结构,就很容易填出to perform。
【答案与解析】 本文是一篇说明文,主题语境涉及"人与自然"和"人与动物"。本文介绍了科学家对北极熊数量变化的关注与研究,引导考生关注生态平衡与环境保护。
61.that 考查名词性从句。本句含有一个同位语从句,解释了名词evidence"证据"的具体内容,空处在从句中不充当成分,也无意义,故本空填连词that。
62.poorly 考查副词。应用副词poorly"不好地,不足"修饰动词studied。
63.of/for 考查介词。名词method后接介词of/for,表示"……的方法"。
【知识拓展】 其他常见的表示"方法"的名词的介词搭配
way 常与介词of 或动词不定式搭配,如:the way of learning English,the way to learn English;approach 常与介词to搭配,如:the approach to dealing with this problem;means常与介词of搭配,如:an effective means of communication。
64.to perform 考查非谓语动词。此处属于"主语+be动词+adj.+不定式"结构,主语通常是不定式动作的承受者,不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。
65.have reported 考查时态和主谓一致。句中的时间状语In recent years多与现在完成时连用,主语some Inuit people为复数意义,因此本空填have reported。
【技巧点拨】 现在完成时的其他标志性词语有:just, already, ever, never, yet, before, lately, recently, for a long time, up to now, so far, in the last few years/weeks/months等。在文中看到这些词语,通常应用现在完成时。66.belief 考查名词。根据空前的a可知,此处leading to后应接名词作宾语,故本空填belief"信念"。
【知识拓展】 ve结尾的动词变名词时,常把ve变为f。如:relieve v.解除,减轻→relief n.宽慰,轻松;解脱。
67.noting 考查非谓语动词。介词by后跟动词时应用其-ing形式作宾语,故本空填noting。
68.higher 考查比较级。根据空后的连词than可知,本句表示比较意义,因此本空应填higher。
69.the 考查冠词。Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations意为"在这19个已知的北极熊亚种群当中",本空应填定冠词the,表示特指。
70.are 考查时态和主谓一致。本句中其他分句的谓语动词用了一般现在时,且空处所在分句的主语six表示复数意义,故本空应填are作该分句的谓语动词。
Cloze2 [2018全国Ⅰ]
主题:跑步的益处 词数:173 难度:★★ 建议时间:8分钟
高考真题
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.
While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 69 (energy). If you are time-poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports,so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.
试题分析
?素养解读
本文主要介绍了跑步的益处,培养学生有效地陈述事件、传递信息以及表达个人观点和情感的能力,并引导学生积极运动,关注身心健康,进而形成积极向上的生活态度。
庖丁解牛
?第62、63空提示词均为动词,首先判断两个设空处都填非谓语,然后根据语境判断非谓语的形式。第63空除了考查介词后用动词-ing外,还考查die的不规则变化。
?第68、69空的提示词均为名词,首先判断空处在句中作什么成分,以此来确定空处所填词的词性,再根据构词法对词汇进行变形。
【答案与解析】 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了跑步的益处。
61.longer 考查副词。句中有than,故用long的比较级longer。
62.to see 考查非谓语动词。本句有谓语,因此此处应用非谓语动词;分析句子结构及句意可知,此处应用动词不定式to see作目的状语。
63.dying 考查非谓语动词。短语reduce one’s risk of...表示"降低某人……的风险", 介词of后跟动词作宾语时要用其-ing形式。
64.is 考查时态和主谓一致。本文主体时态为一般现在时,本句中宾语从句也应用一般现在时;且宾语从句的主语为it,
故用is。
65.than 考查介词。此处表示跑步比散步、骑行或游泳更能有效地延长生命。根据句中的more可知,此处应用介词than引出比较对象。故填than。
66.that/which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词为a study,指物,且定语从句中缺少主语,故填关系代词that/which。
67.causes 考查名词。此处cause是可数名词,意为"原因",句中的all表示"所有",其后应用可数名词的复数形式,故填causes。
68.strengthen 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处为动词不定式作目的状语,故本空应填动词strengthen,意为"增强,加强"。
69.energetic 考查形容词。and连接两个并列分句,and前面的cheap和easy均为形容词,故空处应用形容词energetic作表语,意为"需要能量的,剧烈的"。
70.it 考查固定搭配。give it a try为固定搭配,意为"试一试",根据语境可知,it指代running。
Cloze3 [2017甲卷(全国Ⅱ)]
主题:地铁的发展过程 词数:181 难度:★★★ 建议时间:9分钟
高考真题
In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 62 work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 63 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64 top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines 65 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66 (fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 67 every day.
Later, engineers 68 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the 69 (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 70 (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.
试题分析
?素养解读
本文通过对世界上第一条地下客运铁路的介绍,引导学生了解外国的优秀文化,拓宽学生的国际视野,使他们能够从跨文化的角度去观察和认识世界,进而对事物作出正确的价值判断。
庖丁解牛
?有提示词类涉及的知识点:
(1)名词的复数、名词后缀(2)形容词
(3)副词
(4)2个动词的时态和语态
(5)动词-ing作宾语
无提示词类涉及的知识点:
(1)介词
(2)冠词
(3)代词
?63题,该空不与前面的谓语动词included并列,而是与digging up和building并列。分析句式结构是解答该题的关键。
【答案与解析】 本文为说明文,介绍了全世界第一条地下客运铁路在英国开放并逐渐发展成现在的地铁的过程。
61.crowds 考查名词复数。crowd(人群)为可数名词,其前没有限定词修饰,且此处表示复数概念,故应用其复数形式。
62.from 考查介词。此处是指"当他们来回上下班时"。
https://www.doczj.com/doc/8412595555.html,ying 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,该句的主语为This,谓语动词included后由and连接了三个动词-ing短语作并列宾语。故填laying。
64.the 考查定冠词。此处特指"在顶端"建造一个结实的顶,所以在top前加the。
65.were used 考查时态和语态。本文介绍的是过去的事情,而且Steam engines与use之间为动宾关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。
66.fairly 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰形容词unpleasant,故填fairly。
67.it 考查代词。根据上文的"the railway quickly..."可知,此处用it代替the railway。
【知识拓展】 one 指代上文提到的单个的人或物,指"同一类中的一个",表示泛指;that指代上文出现的名词,表示同类的东西,既可指代可数名词单数,又可指代不可数名词,常有后置定语修饰,表示特指;it 指上文提到的同一事物,表示特指。
68.managed 考查时态。分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作谓语,engineers与manage之间为主动关系,而且此处描述的是发生在过去的事情,所以填managed。
69.introduction 考查词性转换。由空前的定冠词the可知,空处应用名词,故填introduction。
70.successful 考查词性转换。根据语境并结合空前的the most可知,空处应用形容词。故填successful。
方法1 有提示词类的解题方法
1.提供动词类
典例1 [2019山东潍坊一中高三预测,62 & 63]Wudang martial arts based on the Taoist ideology (create) by a famous Taoist (name) Zhang Sanfeng, in the early years of the Ming dynasty.
分析句子结构可知,第一空在句中作谓语,根据时间状语in the early years of the Ming dynasty可知,此处为过
去的动作,应用一般过去时;本句主语Wudang martial arts为复数形式,且与create为被动关系,因此谓语动词应用复数形式,且为被动语态,由此可知第一空应填were created。第二空用非谓语动词作后置定语,name与其逻辑主语Taoist为动宾关系,故用过去分词named。
were created; named
典例2 [2020北京四中期中,28]Last Thursday,we had a class meeting (discuss)where to go for our spring outing.
分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词had,故此处应填非谓语动词,结合语境可知,此处表示目的,故应用不定式。
to discuss
2.词形转换类
典例3 [2019湖南长沙雅礼中学高三入学考试,63 & 64]As we all know, baked or fried foods may be (taste), but eating too many of them will (probable) result in some illnesses.
第一空在句中作表语,表示"好吃的",应用形容词tasty;第二空在句中修饰动词result,应用probable的副词形式。
tasty;probably
典例4 [2020山东青岛期中,64]Also,search engines rank by (popular)rather than accuracy,so solid facts can be tricky to find.
句意:此外,搜索引擎根据受欢迎程度而不是准确性进行排名,因此很难找到确凿的事实。空处作介词by的宾语,应
用名词形式。
popularity
典例5 The (hard)you try to beat him,the more likely you will get hit.He controls you!
分析句子结构可知,此处为"The+比较级..., the+比较级..."结构,表示"越……,就越……",故填harder。
harder
典例6 [2016四川,64]She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean.Any smell might attract natural (enemy)that would try to eat the little panda.
由设空位置可以判断出动词attract缺宾语,因此要用名词,enemy为可数名词,结合语境可知此处应填名词复数形
式,故答案为enemies。
enemies
典例7 People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is (use).
空处作表语,要用形容词;又由句意可知,题干要表达的意思是"没有知识是无用的",故填useless。
useless
方法2 无提示词类的解题方法
典例8 [2019山东济南外国语学校二模,44]Relaxation is very necessary, will enhance your awareness and ability to concentrate.
分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为relaxation,且关系词在从句中作主语,指物,故用关系代
词which。
which
典例9 I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and gets there almost in a second.
分析句子结构可知,and连接两个并列分句,and后面的分句缺主语,应填名词或代词;结合前一分句的意思可知,"几
乎马上到那里"的是message,替代上文出现的message用代词it。
it
典例10 [2020山东临沂期中,65]Mary Moe may look like average grandmother, but she is not.
此处修饰可数名词单数,且表示泛指,应用不定冠词,又因为average的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。
an
典例11 The old bank, appearance is not a pretty sight, is extremely beautiful on the inside.
分析句子结构可知,空处在此引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词The old bank;根据句意可知,The old bank与
appearance之间为所属关系,故用whose。
whose
典例12 [2019安徽江淮十校高三第二次联考,42]However,ads are not just a tool for getting people to buy things; they also serve a window into culture, society and history.
句意:然而,广告不仅仅是一种让人们买东西的工具,也是文化、社会和历史的窗口。serve as sth.为固定搭配,表示
"可用作……,起……作用"。
as
典例13 [2016四川,70]It was time for her to have a new baby, it was also time for the young panda to be independent.
由语境可知,前后分句之间为平行关系,因此用and。
and
典例14 [2016四川,66] it cried,she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.
分析句子结构可以看出,逗号前后为两个句子,缺少连词。结合语境可知,应用When或If引导时间或条件状语从
句。
When/If
典例15 The next day, my brother and I went to the beach we watched some people play volleyball.
分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词beach,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where。
where
典例16 What is acceptable in one country be considered extremely rude in another.
句中的"What is acceptable in one country"是主语从句,空格后的be considered是谓语;因be是原形,故空格
处应填情态动词或助动词does;由语境可知,此处应填表示"可能"的情态动词may。
may
典例17 Then the driver stood up and asked, " anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?"
句尾的问号提示该句为疑问句,由语境可知,"丢失"是发生在过去的动作,故答案为Did。
Did
典例18 Teens came together to do projects for people who are old or poor to do them.
根据语境可知空处表示程度,修饰old和poor,故此处要填副词too,构成"too+adj.+to do sth."结构,表示"太……
而不能做某事"。
too
Cloze1[2019全国Ⅲ]
考点分布
主题
词数建议时间
动非谓语形/副名介连代冠
跨文化交际223111001638分钟
On our way to the house, it was raining 61 hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take 62 (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63 dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65 (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya(木瓜) and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66 (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 67 (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were 68 (huge) popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay, we 69 (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 70 (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
Cloze2[2019浙江]
考点分布词数建议时间
主题
动非谓语形/副名介连代冠
穿校服的好处222111011878分钟
There are several reasons why school uniforms are a good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform,nobody 56 (have) to worry about fashion (时尚).Everybody wears 57 same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways. A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new
uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth 58 gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or 59 (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can 60 (easy) see them.
But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer 61 this question is not clear. One study in America found that students’ grades 62 (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn’t want 63 (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no 64 (connect) between uniforms and school performance.
School uniforms are 65 (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don’t have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular.Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.
Cloze3[2018全国Ⅲ]
考点分布词数建议时间
主题
动非谓语形/副名介连代冠
偶遇大猩猩131111111848分钟
I’m not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 63 (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel 65 (challenge).
My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a 66 (science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68 (they) alive. True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean) me no real harm. He was just saying: "I’m king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay) and watch.
Cloze4[2017浙江11月]
考点分布
词数建议时间
主题
动非谓语形/副名介连代冠
积累词汇的方法122111111818分钟
Easy Ways to Build Vocabulary
It’s not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary.Like many things in life, it’s 56 ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that there’s enough room for improvement, 57 means you’ll just keep getting better and better. Of course you have to work at it. You wouldn’t think that a few 58 (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough 59 the rest of your life, and that’s also true for building your vocabulary — you have to keep at it daily, and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary.
One of the 60 (effect) ways to build vocabulary is to read good books. You need to 61 (real) read at least one good book a week, preferably a classic. This isn’t as hard as it 62 (sound), and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while 63 (read) an interesting piece of literature. Another nice thing is that you learn both new words and 64 (they) use unconsciously, meaning that you will tend to use the words 65 (learn) this way in conversations almost automatically. Cloze5[2016四川]
考点分布
主题
词数建议时间
动非谓语形/副名介连代冠
大熊猫212112101729分钟
The giant panda 61 (love) by people throughout the world. Chinese scientists 62 (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. She was a very 63 (care) mother. For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something 64 (eat)! She would not let any other pandas come near. She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean. Any smell might attract natural 65 (enemy) that would try to eat the little panda. The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does. 66 it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats. The mother continued to care for the young panda 67 more than two years. By that time, the panda no longer needed 68 (it) mother for food. However, it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest. Then, after two and a half years, the mother 69 (drive) the young panda away. It was time for her to have a new baby, 70 it was also time for the young panda to be independent.
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本文讲述了作者在美国夏威夷寄宿家庭的经历。
61.so 考查固定结构。此处表示"雨下得很大,我们不禁琢磨着要多久才能到那里"。so...that...意为"如此……以至
63.of 考查介词。a pack of是固定用法,意为"一群……"。
64.who 考查定语从句。先行词是their masters,指人,且关系代词在从句中作主语,故填who。
65.recommended 考查时态。根据句中的"shared"可知,此处应用一般过去时。
https://www.doczj.com/doc/8412595555.html,petition 考查词形转换。根据空前的不定冠词an可知,此处应填名词单数形式,表示一场有趣的比赛。
67.traditional 考查词形转换。修饰名词stories应用形容词。
68.hugely 考查副词。修饰形容词popular应用副词hugely。
69.were invited 考查时态和语态。文章讲述发生在过去的事情,此处应为一般过去时。we和invite之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。
70.listening 考查现在分词。listen与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词作伴随状语。
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本文介绍了穿校服的各种好处。
56.has/will have 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处用一般现在时描述一般情况;分析句子结构可知,主语是nobody,所以谓语动词用has。也可理解为When引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来,主句用一般将来时,故可填will have。
57.the 考查冠词。根据语境和same可知,此处用the表示特指,表示"同样款式的衣服"。
58.that/which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词为a piece of cloth,指物,且定语从句中缺少主语,故填关系代词that/which。
59.cycling 考查动词的时态。根据walking和or可知,此处应用现在分词与walking并列,故填cycling。
60.easily 考查副词。此处应用easy的副词形式来修饰动词,故填easily。
61.to 考查介词。the answer to the question为固定用法,表示"问题的答案",故填介词to。
62.improved 考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知,此处that引导宾语从句,而从句中缺少谓语动词,同时根据主句谓
64.connection/connections 考查名词。根据no可知,要用名词,connection"联系,关联"符合句意,且其为可数名词,故填connection/connections。
65.traditional 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知,空处作are的表语,所以要用tradition的形容词形式traditional,表示"传统的"。
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本文讲述了作者在森林里偶遇大猩猩家庭的经历。
61.who 考查宾语从句。句意:我不确定谁受到了更大的惊吓,是我还是那只不知从何处突然蹦出来的雌性大猩猩。根据句意和句子结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,在从句中作主语,表示"谁",故填who。
62.the 考查冠词。at the top of her lungs在此处表示"大声地"。
63.loudest 考查副词最高级。根据语境和空后的of all可知,空处应用副词的最高级。
64.looking 考查非谓语动词。avoid后接动词时要用其-ing形式作宾语,故空处填looking。
65.challenged 考查非谓语动词。此处表示"我迅速弯下身并低下头避免直视他,以便他不会感到受到挑战",主语he 和challenge是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词作表语,表示主语的状态。故填challenged。
66.scientist 考查名词。根据空前的不定冠词a可知,空处应填名词,且意为"科学家",故填scientist。
67.for 考查介词。search for意为"寻找",为固定搭配。
68.them 考查代词。空处作find的宾语,故用代词。这里用them 指代上文的the gorillas。
69.meant 考查时态。由语境可知,此处描述的动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时。
70.to stay 考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth.为固定用法,意为"允许某人做某事",故填to stay。
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本文主要讲述了一些积累词汇的方法。
56.an 考查冠词。此处表示积累词汇是一个持续的过程,表示泛指,又因为单词ongoing的发音以元音音素开头,故填不定冠词an。
57.which 考查非限制性定语从句。根据语境并分析句子结构可知,此处是非限制性定语从句,修饰整个主句,空处在从句中作主语,故填which。
58.months 考查名词复数。此处表示"几个月的锻炼",根据空前的a few可知,应用month的复数形式。
59.for 考查介词。此处用介词for表示"对……来说"。
60.effective 考查形容词。此处表示"有效的方法之一",结合空后的ways可知,要用形容词,故填effective。
61.really 考查副词。此处应用副词really修饰动词read。
62.sounds 考查时态和主谓一致。这并没有听起来那样难。分析句子结构可知,本句中第二个as引导从句,从句中it 是主语,且根据上文的isn’t和全文时态可知,此处应用一般现在时,故填sounds。
63.reading 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,动词read的逻辑主语是you,与其构成主谓关系,故填现在分词reading。
64.their 考查代词。分析句子结构可知,空后的use是名词,故要用形容词性物主代词修饰,故填their。
65.learned/learnt 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,learn与the words之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故此处应用过去分词作后置定语。
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熊猫受全世界人们喜爱。文章介绍了一只野生大熊猫照顾小熊猫的情况。
61.is loved 考查时态和语态。句子主语为The giant panda,与love之间是被动关系,且表示客观事实,故用一般现在
63.caring/careful 考查形容词。根据句子结构可知,此处用形容词作定语。caring"关心他人的";careful"谨慎的,小心翼翼的"。
64.to eat 考查不定式。根据句子结构可知,此处用动词不定式作定语修饰不定代词something。
65.enemies 考查名词的数。enemy为可数名词,其前无限定词修饰,且此处表示复数概念,故应用名词的复数形式。
66.When/If 考查连词。当熊猫幼崽哭泣的时候/如果熊猫幼崽哭泣,熊猫妈妈会前后摇晃熊猫幼崽,而且会轻拍安抚它。由语境可知,此处用连词When或If引导状语从句。
67.for 考查介词。表示一段时间用介词for。
68.its 考查代词。根据语境及后面的名词mother可知,此处应用形容词性物主代词。
69.drove 考查时态。此处讲述过去发生的事,所以用一般过去时。
70.and 考查连词。根据语境可知此处应用and连接两个并列分句。
第六讲状语从句 (对应学生用书第16页) 1．(2017·江苏高考卷)Located________ the Belt meets the Road，Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. A．why B．when C．which D．where D[句意：由于位于“一带一路”的交汇处，江苏将为“一带一路”的建设作出更大的贡献。where在此引导地点状语从句。] 2．(2016·江苏高考卷)________ some people are motivated by a need for success，others are motivated by a fear of failure. A．Because B．If C．Unless D．While D[句意：一些人做事的动机是成功的需求，而其他人做事的动机是害怕失败。while在此处表示对比，意为“然而，但是”。] 【导学号：25874011】3．(2015·江苏高考卷)It is so cold that you can't go outside________ fully covered in thick clothes. A．if B．unless C．once D．when B[句意：外面很冷，你不能出去，除非你用厚衣服把自己裹得严严实实。 if如果；unless除非；once一旦；when当……的时候。] 4．(2014·江苏高考卷)Lessons can be learned to face the future，________ history cannot be changed. A．though B．as C．since D．unless A[句意：虽然历史不可改变，但是却可以从中汲取教训面对未来。though 虽然，尽管；as和……一样；since因为，自……以来；unless除非。] 5．(2013·江苏高考卷)In the global economy，a new drug for cancer，________ it is discovered，will create many economic possibilities around the world. A．whatever B．whoever C．wherever D．whichever
每周一测 I. 阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A What should you do if there’s an earthquake at school? How can you protect yourself when you are caught in a stampede(踩 踏)? March 25 this year provides you with a good chance to learn about safety. This day is called the National Day of Education on the Safety of Elementary and Middle School Students(NDESEMSS) (全国中小学生安全教育日). The theme of the day this year is to give students more knowledge about safety and make sure their lives safe. A survey done by the China Youth and Children Research Center showed that school accidents kill more elementary and middle school students than anything else. The main accidents come from stampedes, earthquakes, fires and sports injuries. What can we do to keep ourselves safe? Staying calm is the first and most important rule when facing accidents. But different accidents have different self-protection advice. A stampede is possible anywhere. The larger a human crowd gets, the more likely stampedes become. When students around you begin to push, stand still and try to hold onto something, or stay in a corner until the crowd leaves. If you fall down in a moving crowd, cover your head with both hands. Lean to one side, curl up your body and bend your legs. Earthquakes are common natural disasters. When you feel the ground shake, drop down, take cover under a desk and hold on. You should stay indoors until the shaking stops. If you are out-doors, don’t stay near buildings, trees or power lines. When there’s a fire,follow the teachers’ instructions, leave the classroom quickly and use a piece of cloth to cover your mouth and nose so that you don’t breathe in smoke.
2015-2016福建省长乐第一中学高三新题型训练14 班级______________ 姓名______________ 建议完成时间25分钟 阅读七选五（建议用时8min） This Way to Dreamland Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy.__1__They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things. But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. __2__ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions? So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool? First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.__3__ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings. It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really nee d to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.__4__ Finally, you never know what a wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.___5__ Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds. A. Having interesting things to think about also helps. B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves. C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes. D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses. E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive. F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand. G. Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone.
语法填空专项训练 1 Before the 17th century, most of the native English speakers lived in England. After the 17th century, British people began to move to other ___66___ (country). Gradually, English was spoken there. At present ___67___ (many) people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. ___68___ (luck), native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. English ___69___ (change) and developed when cultures met and communicated with each other over the past centuries. The English ___70___ (speak) in England between about AD450 and 1150 was very different ___71___ the modern English we speak today. It was the new settlers that enriched the English language and ___72___ (especial) its vocabulary. The English language was settled by the 19th century ___73___ two big changes in English spelling happened. English now is also spoken as a foreign ___74___second language in South Asia. China may have the ___75___ (large) number of English learners. 66.【答案】countries 【解析】考查名词。country是可数名词，此处由other修饰用复数形式，指其他的国家。故填countries. 67. 【答案】more 【解析】考查比较级。根据句中的than ever before可知含有和以前比较的意思，要用比较级表示更多的人，故填more. 68. 【答案】Luckily 【解析】考查副词。此处单独使用作状语要用副词形式，指“幸运的是”，故填Luckily. 69. 【答案】has changed 【解析】考查时态。根据句意和时间状语over the past centuries可知与现在完成时连用，主语是单数，故填has changed. 70. 【答案】spoken 【解析】考查过去分词。English和动词speak是被动关系，此处是过去分词作定语，故填spoken.
eyes ______(fix) on me. 【答案】fixed 8．He refused to sell the old house，for it had too many pleasant associations ______ his childhood. 【答案】with 9．—Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut? —You should try the barber's ______ I go.It's only 15. 【答案】where 10．______ finishing his homework，Tom went on the Internet in search of some news. 【答案】On Ⅱ.用所给短语的适当形式填空 keep one's eyes on，turn away，hold out，associate... with...，play an important part in 1．Just______the children while I am out，will you? 【答案】keep an eye on 2．They had nowhere to stay so I
eyes ______(fix) on me. 【答案】fixed 8．He refused to sell the old house，for it had too many pleasant associations ______ his childhood. 【答案】with 9．—Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut? —You should try the barber's ______ I go.It's only 15. 【答案】where 10．______ finishing his homework，Tom went on the Internet in search of some news. 【答案】On Ⅱ.用所给短语的适当形式填空 keep one's eyes on，turn away，hold out，associate... with...，play an important part in 1．Just______the children while I am out，will you? 【答案】keep an eye on 2．They had nowhere to stay so I
每周一测 Ⅰ.完形填空 I realize that we all live in a world where trust is in short supply. It seems that everywhere I go, I have to 1 my identity and trustworthiness ― whether it’s a bank, shop or any office. I have been accustomed to living by the 2 that no one is trustworthy 3 proved otherwise. Yesterday I saw a young man who lived by a totally 4 rule. I was walking along a busy intersection when I 5 a young man standing near the pedestrian crossing setting up a stall(货摊). 6 I would ignore and hurry past such sellers. But I noticed this young man was 7 , so I stood for some time without crossing the street to see how he sold his 8 . Soon, a young mother with a little boy came by and the child set his 9 on one of teddy bears. The mother asked the 10 and it was only one dollar. She pulled out a 10 dollar note and told the young man that she was giving him 10 dollars and wanted the 11 back. I was 12 to know how he was going to do it. He told the mom to put the 13 in the pouch(袋子) hanging around his neck and take out whatever change he 14 her. I realized that this young man’s whole mode of earning 15 on trusting people not to cheat him. There was no 16 for him to know if someone took out more out of his pouch of earning. I was so 17 by how this young man trusted people that I bought a car model from him. I did not need it, 18 . I just hoped to help a little. Now I 19 believe that the world would be a better place if we could all learn to 20 others more, like the young blind street seller of toys. 1. A. introduce B. present C. prove D. request 2. A. rule B. habit C. practice D. law 3. A. if B. since C. although D. unless
2015年高考英语新题型 7选5 语法填空改错专练（7-8） 一、七选五 A Four Habits of the Wisest People Intelligence may be somewhat innate, but wisdom can most certainly be learned. Here’s how to wise up at any age. (1)_____ Studies show that people who stay connected to others demonstrate higher levels of wisdom than those who are more isolated. Make an effort to join a new club, connect with friends on Face-book, or invite an old friend or a new co-worker for coffee. Next time you’re at a party or gathering, choose someone who’s sta nding alone and make a conversation. (2)_____ (3)_____ A wise person understands that it is impossible to know everything and that life can take unexpected turns. Recognizing your errors can lead only to greater wisdom. Admitting that there are times when you could be mistaken will go a long way in improving your reputation as someone whose advice can be trusted. They read the news. You cannot make balanced choices unless you understand world circumstances and the experiences of others. If you haven’t read a daily paper or news online yet, start by going through a single front-page article from a major respected news source, such as The New York Times, Wall Street Journal, or Washington Post, from start to finish, every day. (4)_____ Eventually, try to get through the main articles of a full newspaper every day. They tap into their self-knowledge. You’ve learned a lot just by being alive, but have you taken time to review all that you’ve learned? Try this exercise: writer down your three biggest failures and three greatest successes. For each, review the events that led up to it and what lesson you took away from experience. (5)_____ A. They practice being open-minded. B. They work at being social. C. They’ve learned how to say, “I could be wrong.” D. While current events are important, both fiction and nonfiction books can allow you to explore new ideas and points of view E. This is not time for regret or pride; the goal is to look at each experience, good or bad, as more fuel to enrich your wisdom. F. Don’t j ust scan or skip over it; read every word. G. People generally love to talk about themselves; you, on the other hand, have a harder job: to listen closely. B Laptop computers give us easy access to our emails, the Internet, or anything else you would use a computer. (6)_____ Here are some suggestions on how to select a laptop or a notebook computer: (7)_____ You are looking for a laptop that suits your needs well, so if you are frequently traveling or are going to be transporting your laptop to different locations frequently, you must want to get a laptop that is light and not one that is big and bulky. Consider what kinds of computer software programs you will be using on your laptop or notebook computer. This will help you determine what kind of operating system would be best for you. Options include getting the Windows operating system on your laptop or getting a Mac notebook. (8)_____ If you are performing more simple applications such as surfing the Internet and creating World documents, you don’t need a computer with the most processing power. These lower processing power computers are often referred to as netbooks. Consider how you will be connecting to the Internet. If you’ll be using an Ethernet cable to connect to a home network, you will want a notebook with a wired Ethernet port. (9)_____ Consider the battery life. If you will be moving around frequently and need to use your computer in places where you can’t plug it in, be sure to get a laptop with a longer battery life. Consider the security features. Some notebooks come with additional security features. (10)_____ If you will be multi-tasking and using multiple computer programs at the same time, be sure to get a notebook with more RAMs and a faster processor than normal. A. If you plan on connecting to the Internet from multiple places such as cafes or libraries, choose a computer that is Wi-Fi compatible. B. Consider how you plan on using the laptop. C. Laptops have many different sizes and features so you have to focus on what is important to you as a user. D. Consider the size of the notebook computer E. It is likely that other notebook and laptop users will have opinions about available products, so try to take them to heart when weighing your options. F. Consider upgrades and limitations. G. I t’s possible to require an extra password to gain access to the operating system.二．语法填空 On December 4th, 2006, an airbus took off on time from the capital airport of Saudi Arabia. After about an hour’s (1)______ (fly), something strange happened in the plane. The passengers (2)______ (enjoy) themselves when a small rat stole out from the bag of a young man, which made the young woman nearby (3)______(alarm) with loud screaming. Then more and more rats came out of the bag. All the passengers became out of order, especially the women and the children. The steward（机长）managed to get in touch with (4)______control center on the ground. With the order from the ground, the plane(5)_______ (succeed) landed at the nearest airport. As soon as the plane landed on the ground, all the passengers got off. Then seven specialists got on (6)______ (catch) these small creatures. Many means had been tried At last they tried to fill in the plane (8)______ carbon-dioxide, (9)______ poisoned all the eighty rats by the poisonous gas. It (10)______ (report) that the young man wanted to carry these rats to another city and sell them as pets but no one had expected that these small creatures succeeded in escaping from the bag. 三．短文改错 A. We feel very much honoring to invite you to take part in our trip to Zigui County, Hubei Province, that is the hometown of Qu Yuan, a famous Chinese poet. Our class has planned to make it a six-days trip, from July 20th to 25th. It was aimed to help learn more about the Dragon Boat Festival, one of the tradition Chinese festivals, which is observed in the honor of memorizing the great poet. During the trip we will hold such activities that visiting Zigui County, taste Zongzi with the villagers and listening the stories about Qu Yuan. We will meet at the school gate at 8:00 a.m. on July 20th then take a train there. We are looking forward to seeing you soon. B I like reading very much . When I am a little girl, I was interested in reading picture books in science. My mother is a Chinese teacher. She is always encouraging me read more. She believes it reading is a good habit, but it can help develop my thinking and learning
学习好资料欢迎下载 动词填空： 1. What he said just now _________(remind) me of the American professor. 2. The professor _____________(refer) to at the meeting is from Beijing university. 3. In the United States, lunch __________(provide) for students for free at school. 4. --- What shall we do this weekend? --- I suggest _______(visit) the Dinosaur park. 5. I’m afraid this is the best way we can think of ________(help) you. 6. They _________(run out) of their water and food, which worried them a lot. 7. _______(enter) the room, I found him lying in bed, lost in thought. 8. Our school ________(offer) more than 20 optional courses for students to choose from this term. 9. Have you ever considered __________(travel) abroad. 10. He was reported ___________(cover) 30 miles on foot that day. 11. Mary ________(work out) in the college gym at the moment. 12. We really regret _______(say) that you are wrong. 13. He suggests us ________(start) early. 14. He advised us _________(start) early. merica. 15. I’m sorry I missed ________(see) you while in A 16. He seemed to _________(drop) most of his friends. 17. We should _________(inform) of how the work is getting on. 18. Greatly ________(affect) by his son’s failure, the father was in low spirits. go to the cinema ________(make) sure of the 19.If you don’t want to miss the film, you should time of it. 20. Whenever he had time, he _________(help) his mother with housework. 21. I ________(leave) when it began to rain. nd off at 22. You’d better come tomorrow afternoon. Tomorrow afternoon I _______(see) a frie the airport. 23. Such a terrible murder must _________(look into) by the police. 24. You are not allowed __________(stay out) late at night. 25. He seemed to _______(show) no interest in this picture. 26. Better _________(not believe) her story. 27. Mr. Black is a person fond of __________(praise). 28. Our teacher suggested ________(give) a party to celebrate New Year’s Day. 29. He narrowly missed__________(knock) down by the car. 30.There is no need ________(tell ) him the news so soon. 31._____________(compare) with his, your composition is better. 32 This is not the first time I _________(hear) her name mentioned. 33. We can hardly imagine __________(live) without water. 34. Don’t leave before you finish ___________(write) your composition. 35. She _________(marry) to that man for 3 years. 36. It’s a wonderful night. How about _________(take) a walk. 37. There are a number of students waiting to get __________(examine). 38. Coal is used to ___________(produce) electricity for industry. 39. The young man was praised for __________(save) the boy’s life. 40. I don’t feel like _________(take) a walk at the moment.