阅读理解
01 命题趋势考标导向化
1.命题原则
(1)考查学生在阅读中准确捕获信息的能力。这就要求考生通过阅读短文，运用自己所学的语法、词组、短语等方面的语言知识，根据自己的理解，掌握所读材料的主旨和大意，以及用以说明主旨和大意的事实和情节，迅速找出题目后面的正确选项。
(2)要求学生既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念；既理解文章的表层意思，也理解文章的深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等“弦外之音”。
(3)要求学生既理解某句、某段的意义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断。
(4)要求学生既能根据材料提供的信息去理解，也能结合自己应有的常识去理解。
2.试题特点
阅读理解题要求学生根据材料的内容从四个(或三个)选项中选出最佳答案，主要考查学生的语篇阅读能力、分析能力和判断能力，是一种综合性很强的题型。
3.阅读材料的选取特点
(1)阅读文章不少于两篇，一般是三至四篇，分值不少于30分，一般是30-40分，是中考试题中的重头戏。
(2)题材广泛，涉及科普、社会、政治、经济、文化、历史、习俗、故事等各个方面。答案一般可以直接在文章中找到，有的虽不能直接在文章中找到，但文章中有它们的同义形式或通过某些暗示及关键信息都可推测出。
(3)体裁多样，包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文。近年来的中考英语阅读理解多选用一些富有鲜明时代特征、实用性强的语言材料作为试题的素材，如报刊文章、使用说明书、招贴告示、广告以及各类图表等。选用这些材料不仅能提高测试的真实性，还能通过展示目标语言在现实生活中的真实运用来激发学生的学习动力。
预计2015年中考会加大对学生阅读
理解能力的考查，阅读材料的体裁会更加全面，包含常见的各种文体，题材会呈现多样化，更加丰富多彩，贴近生活和社会话题，为学生所感兴趣；在题设方面会加大对考生理解能力和推测能力的考查。
02 方法归纳能力提升化
1.阅读全文，捕捉信息。阅读理解的主旨是要求考生仔细阅读全文，掌握其大意，了解作者的观点和写作意图，故事的起因、时间、地点以及结局。考生必须在有限的时间内迅速抓住文章的要点，读懂全文。
2.注意首句，抓住中心。俗话说“眼睛是心灵的窗户”，那么一篇文章的眼睛应是题目，而中考阅读是不给文章题目的。这给考生快速了解全文的中心增加了难度，在这种情况下，考生应特别注意首段和每一自然段的首句以及结尾句。这样一来就抓住了中心，为正确答题打下了良好的基础。
3.优选排除，确定答案。阅读理解题备选答案有三个是干扰项。我们可先排除语法、词法上明显有错误的选项，再排除与短文内容不符的选项，剩下的就是应选答案了，在这个过程中要仔细鉴别，对比各选项的区别。
4.复读全文，检查答案。考生应把短文中考查的信息归纳一遍，再次阅读，检查答案，看看是否前后一致，是否符合逻辑推理，有错及时纠正。
03 整合集训反馈层级化
▲记叙篇
A(2014·十堰)
From my father I have learned a lot.And I’m very thankful to him.I remember when I was a child my father always got up very early，quietly putting on his clothes and going off to work.To arrive in time to open his tiny store at 8:30，he needed to leave our apartment at 6:30.After all，he had to take a bus and then the subway.The last journey was a long walk through a neighborhood much of which was full of the smell of rubbish.I learned:It is very important to work.No excuse.
When I was 12，I would，on some Saturdays，go to my father’s store to
help out.After helping set up the outside clothing display，for the rest of the day，I’d watch to make sure no one stole anything.When I noticed someone looking unusual or strange，I would look the person in the eye，smile and say，“May I help you” Usually that worked，but sometimes，someone would run off with something.The first time，I ran after the thief but my father shouted，“Martin，stop! There is no need to do that.” It’s true that safety is more important than money.
After 10 years of hard work，he saved up enough money to buy his first car，a cheap one—he wouldn’t buy one until he could afford to pay for it without borrowing money.I learned:Buy only what you can afford.Buying necessary food and clothing won’t make us go in debt(债务).The unnecessary things won’t give us happiness，which comes from achievement only.
( )1.What shop di d the author’s father own
A.A bookshop.
B.A coffee shop.
C.A clothing shop.
D.A food shop.
( )2.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A.The author ran after thieves many times.
B.The author thanked his father a lot.
C.The author’s father worked very hard.
D.The author’s father made some money.
( )3.All the following are talked about in the passage EXCEPT ________.
A.the importance of working
B.the good ways to keep healthy
C.the safety comes before money
D.that it’s bad to spend more than you make
( )4.According to the author，what
usually makes people go in debt
A.To rent a house for the family.
B.To send their children to school.
C.To enjoy something unnecessary.
D.to buy enough food for the family. ( )5.What is the passage mainly about
A.How to live a happy life.
B.What makes a person successful.
C.The help the author got from his father.
D.What the author learned from his father.
B(2014·河南)
Once there was a man traveling in a faraway village.As he was passing the elephants，he suddenly stopped.He found that these huge elephants were being held by only a small rope tied to their front leg.No chains(锁链)，no cages.It was clear that the elephants could，at any time，break away from their ropes but for some reason，they did not.
He saw a trainer nearby and asked why these animals just stood there and didn’t try to get away.“Well，”the trainer said，“when they are very young and much smaller we use the same size rope to tie them and，at that age，it’s enough to hold them.As they grow up，they still believe they can not break away.They believe the rope can hold them，so they never try to break free.”
How could it beThese animals could at any time break free from their ropes.But because they were always stuck right where they were，they believed they couldn’t.
Just like the elephants，how many of us go through life believing that we cannot do something，just because we failed at it once before
_______.We should never give up the struggle in life.
( )1.What did the writer see in the village
A.Chains.
B.Elephants.
C.Cages.
D.Farmers.
( )2.Why do the elephants never try to break free from the ropes
A.Because they think they can not.
B.Because they are too old to do it.
C.Because they like their living places.
D.Because they get on well with the trainer.
( )3.How did the man feel after he heard what the trainer said
A.Moved. B .Surprised.
C.Angry.
D.Nervous. ( )4.Which of the following is the missing part in the last paragraph
A.Failing is part of learning.
B.We should be different from others.
C.Helping animals is helping ourselves.
D.Traveling always makes people relaxed.
( )5.What is the best title for this text
A.A Pleasant Trip.
B.A Cruel Trainer.
C.Elephant Training.
D.The Elephant Rope.
C(2014·东营)
Penny was a five-year-old girl.One day when she and her mother were in a department store，Penny saw a plastic pearl necklace(珍珠项链).What a beautiful necklace! She wanted it very much，so she begged(乞求)her mother to buy it for her.The mother said，“Well，I can buy you the necklace，but when we get home，we should discuss what you can do to pay for it.Can we do that” Penny agreed with much happiness，and she got the necklace.
How much Penny loved the necklace! She wore it everywhere and every minute.Penny also did part - time jobs to make pocket money.She worked very hard.Soon she succeeded in paying off the price for the necklace.
Penny’s daddy knew how she tried
her best to get the necklace.He also knew how much Penny cared about it.One night，he asked Penny if she loved him.“Sure，Daddy.” the little girl said.“Then how about giving me your necklace” “Oh，no，Daddy! Not my necklace!” Penny cried.“Oh，dear，it’s fine.” her father gave her a kiss.
Several days later，Penny went to her daddy，with her lips(嘴唇)trembling(颤抖).“Here，Daddy.I love you.” She held out her hand.Inside it was the plastic pearl necklace that she loved so much.
When he saw this，Penny’s father smiled with surprise.He then pulled a cute box out of his pocket.Inside the box was a real and colourful pearl necklace，which was waiting for Penny for so long.
( )1.One day，Penny_____ in a department store.
A.went to buy a necklace
B.got a plastic pearl necklace
C.bought her mother a pearl necklace
D.asked her mother to buy something tasty
( )2.Why did Penny’s mother ask Penny to pa y for the necklace herselfBecause ______.
A.she didn’t have enough money
B.she wanted to buy her a real pearl necklace
C.she thought it was not right for little kids to wear a necklace
D.she wanted Penny to know that one should buy and pay for oneself
( )3.Why did Penny’s father give a real necklace to her at the end of the storyBecause_______ .
A.Penny wanted one
B.Penny gave him a plastic one
C.he was pleased to see that Penny had learned what love is
D.he thought that people would laugh at him if Penny wore a plastic one ( )4.According to the passage，which
of the following statements is true A.Penny worked hard to pay for the plastic necklace.
B.Penny’s father wanted the plastic necklace.
C.Penny knew her father had bought her a real necklace.
D.Penny gave the plastic necklace to her father because she didn’t like it any more.
( )5.From the passage，we can learn _______.
A.parents should buy their kids everything
B.kids should love their parents
C.parents shouldn’t ask for anything from their kids
D.how to educate kids in a right way ▲说明篇
A(2014·杭州)
How quickly can you cou nt from one to tenDo you use ten different words to do itCan you do it in English，or do you have to use your first languageDo you count on your fingersMany people think that numbers and math are the same all over the world.But scientists have discovered that it is not true.
People in different parts of the world use different ways to count on their fingers.In the United States，people begin counting with their first finger，which they extend or stick out.They then extend the rest of their fingers and finally the thumb(拇指)to count to five.Then they repeat this with the other hand to get to ten.In China，people count by using different finger positions.In this way，a Chinese person can easily count to ten on only one hand.
Besides ways of finger counting，scientists have found that cultures and languages are also different when it comes to numbers.Some languages have only a few words for numbers，and others have no words for numbers.A
group of scientists studied aboriginal(土着的)people in Australia.These people don’t have hand movements to stand for numbers.The y don’t even have words for numbers.However，they are still able to understand different ideas about numbers.
In a similar study，researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology discovered that people of the Piraha tribe(部落)in northwestern Brazil don’t have words for numbers such as “one” or “three”. They are not able to say “five trees” or “ten trees” but can say “some trees”,“more trees” or “many trees”.Professor Edward Gibson said that most people believe that everyone knows how to count，“But he re is a group that does not count.They could learn，but it’s not useful in their culture，so they’ve never picked it up.”
Although all humans are able to understand quantities(数量)，not all languages have numbers and not all people use counting.Number words in a certain language are a result of people needing numbers in their daily lives.Now we know that people have different ideas about numbers and math，too.
( )1.The writer begins with the four questions in order to_______ .
A.make a survey
B.interest readers
C.tell a story
D.solve math problems
(
A.People from China count much faster than people from the U.S.
B.People from China need two hands to count from one to ten.
C.People of different cultures may use different ways of finger counting.
D.People of different cultures use the same way of finger counting.
( )3.Which of the following is true about aboriginal Australians
A.They have only a few words for numbers.
B.They have hand movements to stand for numbers.
C.They can only count to five on their fingers.
D.They can understand different ideas about numbers.
( )4.The study of the Piraha tribe shows that_________ .
A.people all over the world know how to count
B.people of the tribe have words for numbers
C.some groups of people are not smart enough to count
D.counting is not useful in the culture of the tribe
( )5.What is the main idea of the passage
A.People from different cultures have different ideas about numbers and math.
B.Chinese people can count more easily on their fingers than Americans.
C.In some aboriginal cultures，people don’t even know how to count.
D.Some languages don’t have number words because people don’t need numbers.
B(2014·滨州)
What do you think of a “talking kitchen”A French Digital Kitchen has been developed at Newcastle University in the UK.It teaches students how to cook French food and speak French at the same time.For the first time，students can learn a language by the following cooking steps.
All grammar and ▲ have been carefully chosen to make sure the users can understand French well.After learning for some time，the users can test themselves by doing a short test on the computer.
The kitchen project was started by Professor Paul Seedhouse.He became interested in the idea after he visited another kind of talking kitchen.He said，“The purpose of the French Digital Kitchen is to make learning a language more interesting and more educat ional.”
How does the kitchen workThere is a computer in the kitchen.With this computer，the users can first choose a French recipe that they want to https://www.doczj.com/doc/7818667193.html,ing information in the computer，the kitchen starts to guide the users how to make a French dish.If you follow the instructions on the computer，it moves on to the next.If you go wrong，the program goes back and repeats the recipe or information.At any time，the users can also ask the kitchen to repeat the recipe or any information.
The new kitchen can be used in schools，universities and even people’s homes.The researchers will also be developing the European Digital Kitchen，for the next three years.
( )1.After reading the passage，we know the Digital Kitchen ________.
A.is a “talking kitchen”
B.teaches students English
C.was developed in France
D.cooks all food for people
( )2.Which of the following can be properly put in ▲
A.food
B.vocabulary
C.recipe
D.instructions ( )3.Paragraph 3 mainly tells us that _________.
A.how the kitchen works
B.where the kitchen can be used
C.when the kitchen can be bought
D.why the kitchen project was started ( )4.If the users don’t follow the instructions on the computer，the kitchen _______.
A.chooses another recipe
B.goes on to the next step
C.repeats the recipe or information
D.stops working at once
( )5.The passage is written to ________.
A.show you how computer works
B.introduce a French Digital Kitchen
C.teach you how to cook French food
D.tell you the importance of language learning
C(2014·宁波)
The small Middle Eastern nation of Qatar(卡塔尔)has a soccer team，but it has never played in soccer’s greatest tournament，the World Cup. However，something amazing will happen in 2022 and at that time Qatar will become the first nation in the Middle East to host the men’s Soccer World Cup games.
Some fans were confused about this choice.Where will the athletes competeQatar doesn’t have any stadiums(体育场)built yet.Also，the weather in Qatar gets extremely hot in summer.However，Qatar has plans to fix those problems.The country has announced plans to build enough stadiums for the tournament.To keep everyone cool，each stadium will have solar-powered(太阳能)air-conditioning.Qatar is also building a new airport and train system.Because the stadiums will be so close together and connected by trains，fans will be able to watch two games in one day.
Qatar has big plans for its new stadiums.Game officials say that after the World Cup，they will take the stad iums down.The stadiums will be taken apart and sent to countries that don’t have enough money to build stadiums.
Qatar is very happy to be the first Middle Eastern nation to host the tournament.The country’s Emir(穆斯林国家统治者)said to the World Cup organization，“Thank you for
believing in change...Thank you for giving Qatar a c hance.”
( )1.Why is it so amazing that Qatar will host the World Cup
A.Because Qatar is a small country.
B.Because Qatar has very few soccer fans.
C.Because soccer is not played in the Middle East.
D.Because Qatar has never playe d in the World Cup.
( )2.What is one problem that Qatar will have to face
A.Their team is not good enough to compete.
B.It is very，very hot in Qatar in summer.
C.Qatar’s stadiums are very far apart.
D.There is a lot of pollution in Qatar. ( )3.How did some soccer fans feel about the decision of hosting the World Cup in 2022
A.They thought it was strange.
B.They did not care.
C.They were very disappointed.
D.They were very sad.
( )4.What will happen to the stadiums after the World Cup in Qatar
A.They will be used by the Qatar soccer team.
B.They will be used to host musical concerts.
C.They will be given to other countries.
D.They will be sold to fans as souvenirs.
( )5.What can we infer(推断)from the article
A.The tournament was moved from Japan to Qatar.
B.Qatar is a rich country.
C.The rules of soccer will be changed in 2022.
D.Soccer is the most popular sport in Qatar.
▲议论篇
A(2014·德州)
If you want to see a thing well，touching can help you to “see” it better.
Your eyes can tell you that a glass ball is round.But by holding it in your hands，you can feel how smooth and cool the ball is.You can feel how heavy the glass ball is.When you learn all these about the ball，you really see it well. With your skin，you can feel better.For example，your fingers can tell the difference between two different coins in your pocket.You can feel a little drop of water on the back of your hand，too.You can even feel sounds against your skin.Have you ever wanted to know why some people like very loud musicThey must like to feel the sounds of music.
All children soon learn what “Don’t touch!” means. They hear it often. Yet most of us keep on touching things as we grow up. In shops，we touch things that we might buy. To see something well，we have to touch it. The bottoms of our feet can feel things，too. You know this when you walk on warm sand，cool grass or a hard floor. All feel different under your feet.
Most museums are just for looking.But today some museums have some things to touch.Their signs say，“ Do touch!” There you can feel everything on show.
There are ways of learning to see well by feeling.One way is to close your eyes and try to feel everything that is touching your skin.Feel the shoes on your feet，the clothes on your body，the air on your skin.
If you want to see better，reach out and touch it.Then you will really see!
( )1.The underlined word “these” in Paragraph 2 refers to(指代)_________.
A.a glass ball is round
B.a glass ball is smooth and cool
C.a glass ball is smooth，cool and heavy
D.a glass ball is round，smooth，cool and heavy
( )2.From Paragraph(段落)4 and 5，we can know that______.
A.we have to touch something in order to see it well
B.we never touch things that we might buy in shops
C.the bottoms of our feet can’t feel cool grass
D.we can see “Do touch!” in all museums
( )3.By touching things，you can_______ .
A.have a strange feeling
B.know how to reach out your hand
C.learn more about them
D.tell what colors they really are ( )4.Which of the following is NOT true
A.Touching is helping us to see better.
B.Our skin may help us enjoy music.
C.People don’t have to learn to feel.
D.Most people touch things to see them well.
( )5. ________can be the best title of the passage.
A.Feeling by Seeing
B.To See or to Feel
C.Ways of Touching
D.To See Better-Touch
B(2014·宜宾)
Moms take care of their children and dads bring home food and make family rules.These are the roles moms and dads fall into when they become parents and it’s common among all cultures.But times change and parents’ roles seem to be changing，too.More women are bringing home food by having full-time jobs and men are taking care of children at home.
The Chinese TV show Where Are We Going，Dadprovides a closer look at the
changing roles of dads in modern family life.The show follows the adventures(冒险经历)of five celebrity(明星)dads who take trips with their young children(aged 4 to 6)and try to complete a set of tasks.It shows how young dads are trying hard to find the best way to raise their children and keep a closer relationship with them.Young dads no longer want to be cold.Psychologists(心理学家)say that a strong fatherly influence is important in a child’s development.Fathers teach their children skills and encourage them to try new things.They also give them a sense of safety.A child learns that if something goes wrong，he or she can depend on dad to help fix it.The psychologists also say that without a dad，a child is more possible to drop out of school and get into trouble.
A mother’s love is important，and so is a father’s love.Chen Mo，a psychology professor says，“It takes both parents to raise a child.Children have different needs at different ages and this needs to be considered by both parents.”
( )1.What are the common rules of moms and dads in all cultures
A.Moms take care of their children and dads bring home food and make family rules.
B.Moms bring home food by having full-time jobs and dads take care of their children at home.
C.Both parents take care of their children at home.
D.Both parents go out to work，while their grandparents take care of their children at home.
( )2.What are the young dads trying to do in the show
A.They are trying hard to find the best way to raise their children and keep a closer relationship with them.
B.They are trying to complete a set of tasks with their kids.They are also trying hard to find the best way to raise their children and keep a closer relationship with them.
C.They are trying to make more money.
D.They are trying to be cold to their children.
( )3.Why is a strong fatherly influence important in a child’s development
A.Fathers teach their children skills and encourage them to try new things.They also give them a sense of safety.
B.If something goes wrong，a child can depend on dad to help fix it.
C.With a dad，a child can do better in school work.
D.Without a dad，a child is more possible to drop out of school and get into trouble.
( )4.What is more possible to do without a dad A.Stay out late.
B.Get into trouble and do badly in school work.
C.Drop out of school.
D.Drop out of school and get into trouble.
( )5.Why does it take both parents to raise a child
A.A child feels safer with both parents.
B.A child feels happier with both parents.
C.Both parents need to consider that children have different needs at different ages.
D.It is both the father’s and mother’s duty to rais e a child.
C(2014·莱芜)
Recently，the TV show Where Are We Going，Dadhas become one of China’s most popular TV shows，attracting more than 600 million viewers each week.
In this program，five celebrity fathers traveled to six countryside
locations across China.including some villages in Beijing，Yunnan，Shandong，Hunan，Heilongjiang and a desert in Ningxia.They took care of their kids without the help of the children’s mothers.At the same time，they also took part in different kinds of activities with their kids together，such as cooking，fishing and selling groceries.
Why is the show so popular“It reflects(折射)social reality.In big cities，fathers are always busy earning money and making achievements in their career.They don’t spare more time for their kids.”said Xie Dikui，general director of the show.As the father of a 3-year-old daughter，Xie said that he found his own heart being touched as he made it.“Although these fathers are busy，they are able to spare time for their kids.We can do better than them.”
This also happens in some rural areas in China.More and more men from rural areas are now working in big cities，leaving their kids at home under the grandparents’ care.
“I have a son and a daughter in my hometown.”said Xu Canyong， a 33-year-old man working in Shantou，Guangdong Province.“They come to live with me only during summer and winter vacations.I miss them very much.I want to have them live with us in Shantou，but the cost of living here is too high.”said Xu.
( )1.Five celebrity fathers have ever traveled to ______ with their kids.
A.Beijing，Hunan and Heilongjiang
B.Hunan，Heilongjiang and Tibet
C.Yunnan，Ningxia and Hong Kong
D.Yunnan，Shandong and Gansu
( )2.The TV show Where Are We Going，Dadis popular mainly because ________.
A.the five fathers are all famous
stars
B.there are many beautiful sights in it
C.Xie Dikui is a popular director in China
D.it reflects the problems about family education
( )3.The underlined word “This” in Paragraph 4 refers to______.
A.the TV show Where Are We Going，Dad
B.the fact that fathers have less time with their kids
C.the trip of five celebrity fathers with their kids
D.the relationship between Xie Dikui and his daughter
( )4.Xu Canyong can’t live with his two kids in Shantou because ______.
A.he can’t afford to live there together
B.he has no time to look after his kids
C.Shantou is too far from his hometown
D.his kids are used to living with their grandparents ( )5.From this passage，we may infer(推断)_______.
A.fathers will raise the kids instead of mothers
B.the five celebrity fathers will give up their own jobs
C.in some rural areas，more and more kids live with their grandparents
▲应用篇
A(2014·滨州)
Take your camera and enjoy the wonderful sights in Hunter Valley.It
is a good place for fishing and horse riding.You can also find different kinds of flowers here.This is also a great walk for bird-lovers.
Time:July 20-July 22 Tel:83986432
Adult:$50
Child:$25
Trip 3 Flashlight(手电筒)Adventure(冒险)
Put on your warm clothes，bring a flashlight and come for a night walk along the Dungog Valley.It is a trip full of adventure.A guide will lead the tour.Many of the plants on this trip can only be seen at night. Time:July 16-July 18 Tel:83875629
Adult:$30 Not for children
Trip 4 Five Days By The Sea
Wear your sun hat and enjoy wonderful sunshine all the time from morning to evening. Our hotel is next to the sea. We have our own boats，too. You can swim in the sea or in the swimming pool. Every day our boat will take you to different places for swimming.
Time: July 13-July 17 Tel:87549679
Adult:$80 Child:$40
( )1.What number can you call if you want to enjoy the sunshine at the seaside
A.87549679.
B.83875629.
C.84639818.
D.83986432.
( )2.Sam stayed in H unter Valley with his wife，his five-year-old daughter. How much did it cost
A.$25.
B.$50.
C.$100.
D.$125.
( )3.David loves sports.He will take his holiday from July 7 to July 15.What
activity will he probably take part in
A.Hiking in the mountains.
B.Watching plants at night.
C.Fishing in the country.
D.Swimming in the sea.
( )4.Lucy wants to know something about the life of plants at night. Which trip will she choose
A.Trip 1.
B.Trip 2.
C.Trip 3.
D.Trip 4. ( )5.Which of the following is NOT mentioned according to the four advertisements
A. B. C. D.
B(2014·成都)
Dear Li Fei，
How are you I will have a short holiday next week and have decided to visit Shanghai for a second time.I have booked a room in the Peace Hotel.
I hear it is on the Bund(外滩)and has
a good view of the famous Huangpu River.I will arrive on the night of March 27 and leave early on March 29.I would like to visit some of the most famous places，such as Nanjing Road and
Yu Garden in Chenghuangmiao.
Can you give me some suggestions
for my visit to Shanghai I will have
only one day to look around Shanghai.
I will be happy if you can make a tour
plan for me. Please say hello to Lu Mei. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Sandy
( )1.Who will visit Shanghai next week
A.Li Fei.
B.Lu Mei.
C.Sandy.
( )2.Where has the writer booked a room
A.On Nanjing Road.
B.In Yu Garden.
C.In the Peace Hotel.
( )3.We can learn from the letter
中考英语阅读训练（001） This is a talk by a London taxi(出租车)driver. "I've been a taxi driver for nearly ten years. Most London taxi drivers have their own taxis." "It's a nice job most of time. you meet a lot of people. I always work at night, because there is too much traffic during the day. I live twenty miles(英里)outside London and I go to work at 5:30 in the afternoon." "I usually go home between 2 and 3 in the morning." "Some very strange things happened late at night .The other day I was taking a woman home from a party .She had her little dog with her. When we got to her house, she found that she had lost her key. So I waited in the car with the dog while she climbed in through the windows." "I waited and waited. After half an hour of ringing the bell I decided to find out what was going on .I tied the dog to a tree and started to climb in through the window. The next thing I knew was that the police came. They thought I was a thief(小偷). Luckily the woman came downstairs(下楼).She must have gone to sleep and forgotten about me and the dog!" 1.The driver always worked at night because it was easier to _____. A. drive B. make money ? C. climb in through the window D. meet a lot of people 2.The woman climbed in through the window because _____. A. she wanted to have a sleep B. her husband didn't open the door for her C. she didn't want to pay the driver D. she couldn't find her key 3.The story happened _____. A. early in the morning B. late at night C.20 miles outside London D. near the police station 4.Which of the following is wrong? A. The driver worked until between 2 and 3 in the morning. B. The police made a mistake. C. The woman had no money to pay the driver. D. The woman had forgotten about the driver and the dog.
阅读理解整体分析 选材 ①阅读材料通常在150~250词之间 ②选材广泛,具有浓厚的时代气息 ③阅读语段生动活泼,语句富子变化 命题原则 ①要求考生既能理解具体的事实,也能理解抽象的概念; ②要求考生既能理解文章的表层意思,也能理解文章的深层含义; ③要求考生既能理解某句、某段的意思,也能理解全篇的逻辑关系; 中考阅读理解的应试策略 在解答阅读理解题时,要根据如下步骤进行解题。 1.浏览问题明确要求 先了解文章后面所要解决的问题再去看文章,能使思路更加清晰,做到心中有数。 2.略读全文,了解梗概 略读就是在尽可能短的时间内把握文章或段落的内容,略读时要特别注意主题。 3.通读寻读猎取信息 寻读时可把与答题无关的内容一扫而过,而与答题有关的重要信息要认真读。 4逐条分析,对号入座 即把寻读时所获得的信息与答题要求结合起来,逐条进行分析,对号人座。 5.复读全文,验证答案 再次仔细阅读全文,进一步加深对文章的理解,核实所选内容是否正确。 阅读理解不同题型解题技巧 基于不同的考查目的,阅读理解题通常可分类为“细节理解题”“主且大意题”“词义猜测题”与“推理判断题”,不同的考查目的,会有不同的设题特点可使用不同的解题技巧。 一、细节理解题解题技巧 细节理解题主要是考查who, what, which, when, where等文章细节些细节理解题比较简单,只需浏览文中所叙述的事实或细节,就可以作答。 但一些细节理解题则需要通过语句的同义或反义转换来考查学生对英语的理解能力,对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子作出解释或需要对有关的上下文提供的语境和信息、甚至对整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解和判断。这些题的难度较大解答细节理解题时,要先看题于,然后带着问题读文章。同学们做这类题时可以边读边做记号,加强阅读的针对性提高做题的准确率, 1.语义转换题一跳读查找法。语义转换题通常考查对某句话或某几包话的理解，可根据题干内容从原文中找到相关句子,然后进行比较和分析,并确定最佳答案运用跳读查找法时,要特别注意试题及其选项与原文之间的语义变换,如同义变换、概念解析、归纳事实等 2.生活应用题一常识理解法。生活应用题要求学生在读懂文章的基础上结合定的生活常识进行判断。但有些时候,一些常识性判断题,甚至只看题干,就可选出最佳答案。 3.细节排序题一首尾定位法。这种试题要求学生根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系,找出事件发生的正确顺序,做此类题时可采用“首尾定位第一个动作和最后一个动作,迅速缩小选择范围,从而快速选出正确答案 4.寻找值息题一干定位法。快速寻找信息题一般为功能阅读题,主要形式有广告、公告、演出信息、航班时间表、购物就餐等,做这类题时没有必要阅读全文,直采用“题干定位法,根据题干要求,直接从表格中查找相关信息
【英语】中考英语阅读理解经典题型带答案 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．根据短文理解，选择正确答案。 A Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents, however, it is not true. Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it's hard for you to communicate with your parents, don't worry about it. Here are some suggestions for you to bridge generation gap（代沟）. Don't argue with your parents. Don't get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you are shouting at them You can't express（表达）yourself well if you are angry. Go to some place to cool off. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you don't think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter. Try to reach a compromise （和解）. Perhaps you and your parents disagree（有分歧） on something. You can keep your disagreement and try your best to accept each other. Michael's mother didn't agree with him about buying a car. They argued over it, but finally they came to a compromise. Michael bought the car, but only drove it on certain days. Of course your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it is especially important to show love and respect （尊敬） to them. Showing respect will keep your relationship strong. Talk about your values. The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about, and why. Understanding your values might help them see your purposes in life. A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. It is worth having a try. （1）From the passage we know_______ have a communication problem. A. parents and children of all ages B. children and other people C. parents and their school children D. teachers and their students （2）How many pieces of advice does the writer give us to bridge the generation gap? A. 5 B. 4 C. 3 D. 2 （3）The underlined phrase "cool off" in the passage means_______. A. make yourself happy B. make yourself quiet and relaxed C. become angry D. go away （4）If the values of your parents are different from those of yours, you'd better_______. A. argue with them B. keep away from them
中考英语阅读理解测试题及答案 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解 Wonder what it is like to be a chef（厨师）? This weekend you will have your chance to find out. Two local chefs, Monica Sallier and Andrew Gleason, will hold an "open kitchen" at their restaurants this Saturday. Monica's restaurant, The Blue Hen, is small but comfortable. Wooden tables and chairs cover the dining area, and sweet music is always on. "I like to laugh and always tell jokes while I cook," Monica said. "Cooking brings people together. The cooks who work with me have become my best friends." At Monica's "open kitchen", she plans to teach her guests how to prepare country-style fried chicken. For it, she will use her family's secret spice（香料）. She learned how to make it from her father. Monica seldom uses a measuring cup（量杯）when cooking. By doing so, she hopes to offer her guests a special dining experience. "If you come to my restaurant, you'll never get the same dish twice, "she said. Also opening his kitchen this Saturday in Shreveport is Andrew Gleason. He is the head chef at Quarter Bistro. "I am not the most talkative chef in the business," Andrew said. "Mostly because I prefer to give my full attention to the food. Every ingredient（食材）must be carefully measured. " Andrew's food also makes the dining experience special. He makes every dish look like a piece of art. At his "open kitchen", Andrew plans to teach his visitors how to prepare blackened catfish, a dish of his that has won much praise throughout the city. （1）While Monica is cooking, she ____. A. is never quiet B. seldom uses spice C. sometimes sits on a wooden chair D. always listens to her favorite songs （2）At Andrew's "open kitchen", he will ____. A. invite Monica to try his dish B. work with another head chef C. tell lots of jokes while cooking D. cook one much-praised dish （3）What do Monica and Andrew have in common? A. They work in the same restaurant. B. They both like using measuring cups. C. They graduated from the same cooking school. D. They both let guests have a special dining experience. （4）The passage is probably from ____. A. a city newspaper B. a restaurant notice C. a cookbook D. a chef's diary 【答案】（1）A （2）D （3）D （4）A 【解析】【分析】本文讲述本周六，两位当地厨师莫妮卡·萨利尔和安德鲁·格里森将在他们
中考英语阅读理解专项训练 【知识点睛】 一、中考阅读理解命题特点 题型上来看：着重考察学生对整篇文章的把握，侧重考查学生根据语境进行语篇分析和综合利用有效信息解决实际问题的能力 体裁上来看：涉及记叙文、夹叙夹议文、议论文、说明文和应用文；题材内容涉及英语国家文化的多个领域，并逐步增加广告、海报、图画、表格等实用文体 阅读量上看：逐年增加 难度上来看：增加了难度，超过了大纲规定的3%的生词率 二、中考阅读课标要求 义务教育英语课程标准指出：阅读是搜集处理信息、认识世界、发展思维、获得审美体验的重要途径。因此，阅读理解在中考中所占的比例、分值越来越大，主要考查考生通过文字获取信息的能力，阅读速度要求达到每分钟60—80词。选材范围越来越广，除故事、人物轶事外，科普性文章和社会热点话题也多了起来；体裁也趋于多样化，有记叙文、说明文、应用文、议论文等，有时还考查考生理解及解释图表所提供的简单信息的能力；阅读材料丰富多彩，融知识性、趣味性、科学性于一体，既对学生阅读理解能力起着评价作用，又能增长知识、开阔视野。 国家英语课程要求从3年级起开设英语课程，课程标准中的第五级为9年级，也就是初中毕业参加中考时应达到的基本要求。其中对学生“读”的能力做了如下要求： 1. 能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义。 2. 能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。 3. 能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局。 4. 能读懂相应水平的常见体裁的读物。 5. 能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息。 6. 能利用词典等工具书进行阅读。 7. 课外阅读量应累计达到15万词以上。 三、解题步骤 第一步：读题，把握出题动向 第二步：带着问题速读文章，简单标记题目______________ 第三步：________文中信息，对相关信息进行划线标注 第四步：检查核对 四、阅读题型和做题方法 1、细节理解题 做题方法：利用题目的______________，寻找文中______________，在对应词周围找答案或直接在文中搜索答案，对号入座。它一般是由特殊疑问词what, when, where, how, why, who, which等提问出现，可以直接找到答案。（答案往往不是文中原句） 2、猜测词义题
【英语】中考英语阅读理解真题经典1 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．根据短文内容出选择正确答案。 B Do you want to live a happier, less stressful life? Try laughing for no reason at all. That's how thousands of people start their day at Laughter （笑声）Clubs around the world and many doctors now think that having a good laugh might be one of the best ways to stay healthy. The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai, India, in 1995 by Dr. Madan Kataria. "Young children laugh about 300 times a day. Adults laugh between 7 and 15 times a day," says Dr. Kataria. "Everyone is naturally good at laughing-it's the universal language. We want people to feel happy with their lives." There are now more than 500 Laughter Clubs in India and over l,300 in the world. Many doctors are also interested in the effects （效果） of laughter on our health. According to a 5-year study at the UCLA School of Medicine in California, with laughing there is less stress in the body. Laughter improves our health against illness by about 40%. So what happens at a Laughter Club? I went along to my nearest club in South London to find out. I was quite nervous at the beginning of the class, to be honest, I wasn't interested in laughing with a group of strangers, and I was worried about looking stupid. Our laughter teacher told us to clap our hands and say “ho ho ho, ha ha ha.” while looking at each other. However, our bodies can't tell the difference between real laughter and unreal laughter, so they still produce the same healthy effects. Surprisingly, it worked! After ten minutes everybody in the room was laughing for real and some people just couldn't stop! At the end of the class I was surprised by how relaxed-and comfortable I felt. So if you're under stress, then start laughing. You might be very pleased with the results! （1）The first Laughter Club was started in __________. A. India B. America C. Britain D. China （2）How many Laughter Clubs are there in the world today? A. Over 300. B. Over 500. C. Over 800. D. Over l,300. （3）How did the writer feel at the beginning of the class? A. Surprised. B. Pleased C. Nervous. D. Tired. （4）When did the people in the club begin to laugh for real? A. After ten minutes. B. After ten hours. C. After ten seconds. D. After ten days.（5）The article mainly tells us __________.
【英语】中考英语阅读理解测试题及答案经典 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解 Radio and television are very popular in the world today. Millions of people watch TV. Perhaps more people listen to the radio. The TV, of course, is more useful than the radio. On TV you can see and hear what is happening in the world. Now the radio is not disappearing. It's still with us. And the number of listeners is becoming larger. One reason for this is the invention of the transistor（晶体管）radio. The transistor radio is sometimes very small. It is very easy to carry. You can put one in your pocket and listen to it on the bus when you go to work. It is better for blind people. Many old people don't have good sight （视力）to watch TV. When people are working，they can't watch TV but they can listen to music or news over the radio. What's more，the radio is much cheaper than the TV. （1）After the television was invented，people ____. A. think it is unnecessary to use the radio B. don't want to use the radio any more C. are still using the radio D. find the radio is disappearing （2）One of the reasons for the larger number of listeners of the radio is that ____. A. the TV was invented B. the transistor radio was invented C. people don't like watching TV D. millions of people watch TV （3）____ listen to the radio more because their sight isn't good enough. A. Children B. Young people C. Old people D. Adults （4）Usually ____ can be used easily while people are moving or working. A. the radio B. the TV C. both the TV and the radio D. neither the radio nor the TV 【答案】（1）C （2）B （3）C （4）A 【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述收音机和电视机在世界上的很受欢迎，电视与收音机比，电视更有用，然而收音机由于体积小便宜，便于携带，听众也越来越多，深受老年人喜爱。 （1）细节题。根据Perhaps more people listen to the radio.可知，电视发明后，人们依然使用收音机，故选C。 （2）细节题。根据One reason for this is the invention of the transistor（晶体管）radio. 可知，收音机听众的数量更多其中一个原因是晶体管收音机被发明，故选B。 （3）推断题。根据 Many old people don't have good sight（视力）to watch TV.可知，老年人由于视力不好听广播的人更多，故选C。 （4）细节题。根据When people are working，they can't watch TV but they can listen to music or news over the radio.可知，通常人们移动或者工作时可以听收音机，故选A。 【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻
最新中考英语阅读理解专项练习经典 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．根据短文内容选择正确答案。 C Grace, usually known as the Home of Microsoft, is inside an office building in Redmond, Washington. Once you come into the building, you will feel that you're in a modern and future home. When you enter the building, Grace's voice, coming from a hidden speaker, tells you your messages. In the kitchen, you set a bag of flour（面粉） on a flat stone table. Grace sees what you're doing and makes a menu of flour-based foods on the table. Once you choose one, Grace gives you ingredients（配料）. There's also a notice board in the kitchen made of “intelligent（智能的）cloth” that works like a touch screen computer. You can deal with postcards and invitations and surf the net with the touch of a finger. The invitations could be encoded（编码）. You can deal with them on the computer. It's part of Microsoft's Smart Personal Objects Technology, whose aim is to make every object more efficient（有效率的）. “The day when your house becomes a member of your family is not far,” says Pam Heath, a manager of Microsoft. At the Andersen Windows Company, Jay Libby imagines that windows made of intelligent glass can be changed into TVs. “Nobody wants a television set,” says Libby. “What you want is the service it provides.” If the TV isn't improved, it will disappear in the future. Home entertainment is one consideration for the future. At the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, scientists are designing systems that will allow old people to live better on their own. So Grandma's home can be cleverly designed to recognize（识别）her ways of waking, sleeping and movement. Family members will be told any change by their computers.（1）We can know from the passage that Grace _________. A. is an idea known as the Microsoft Home B. is a machine that works like a TV C. can understand what its master does D. can cook meals for its master （2）According to the passage, all the following are true EXCEPT________. A. Grace can help you in the kitchen B. you can use the computer with a touch screen C. windows will take the place of TV sets in the near future D. TV technology needs improving （3）It can be inferred（推断） from the passage that ________. A. the building in the future will be intelligent B. your windows will be changed into TVs
中考英语阅读理解专项复习经典 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解 Science fiction is a popular kind of writing, and many people think of Jules Verne（凡尔纳） as the father of science fiction. He was born in France in 1828. His father wanted him to become a lawyer, but from his early 20s Verne decided to become a writer. At first he wrote plays for the theater. Then, in 1863, he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon. The success of this book encouraged him to write more stories such as A Journey to the Center of the Earth（1864） and From the Earth to the Moon（1865）. In the 19th century, many people were interested in science and inventions. Jules Verne wrote about scientific subjects in his stories and, as a result, they were very popular. Verne's writing included many predictions（预言）for the 20th century and many of them came true. He described space flight, movies, and air conditioning, a long time before they appeared. These books were very successful and they made Verne rich. Jules Verne's books have been the subjects for many movies. 20, 000 Leagues under the Sea was a successful movie for Walt Disney. It was the first time that Disney movie had used real actors instead of cartoon drawings. Around the World in Eighty Days is another famous movie based on one of Verne's books. The main character is an Englishman called Phileas Fogg. For him, the most important thing is to be always on time! （1）What does the phrase "the father of science fiction" mean? A. The father who has several children. B. The man who loves science and inventions. C. The writer whose father wrote science fiction. D. The man who first started writing science fiction successfully. （2）What encouraged Jules Verne to write more stories? A. The plays he wrote for the theater. B. The encouragement from his father. C. The success of Five Weeks in a Balloon. D. The scientific subjects in his stories. （3）Why were Jules Verne's books very popular in the 19th century? A. Because his books made him rich and famous. B. Because he wrote many plays for the theater at that time. C. Because his books were the subjects for many movies. D. Because many people were interested in science and inventions. （4）Which of the following has the main character called Phileas Fogg? A. Five Weeks in a Balloon. B. Around the World in Eighty Days. C. A Journey to the Center of the Earth. D. From the Earth to the Moon. （5）According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. The space flight Verne described was different from others. B. The main characters in Verne's books are always on time. C. Jules Verne only wrote in the 19th century. D. Many of the predictions in Verne's stories came true.
假设你是B哦，你的同桌感冒了，请你阅读下面这段短文，然后给他写一封关于怎样预防感冒的信，现在已经基本为你写好了。请仔细阅读短文，然后根据短文内容在横线上填上恰当的单词，每条横线不准超过4个单词。 It’s easy for us teenagers to catch cold in winter and spring. But we can do a lot to stay healthy. Here is some advice. \ Wash your hands often, which will stop germs (细菌) passing from one person to another. Don’t use your hands when coughing. Use a tissue (纸巾), and then throw it away at once.Turn your head away from people near you when you are coughing. Get some fresh air. Germs like staying in dry and warm rooms. So you’d better keep your windows open at night when you are sleeping, or you won’t have enough fresh air. If flu (流感) is going round your house or school, you should try to stay away from those who are ill. Boil (煮) your toothbrush for about a minute, which kills germs. Dear Mark, I’m sorry hear that you’ve got a cold. Have you seen the doctor yet? Well, just do as the doctor tells you. It is easy for us to catch cold in such weather. I’ve just read a passage about how to keep away form cold. Now, let me tell you about you about it. First, you should often wash your hands because that can (86) __________________from one to another. Second, when you are coughing, you’d better (87)__________________ and them throw it into a dustbin. Also if you are coughing,near somebody, you should (98) ___________________.Third, when you sleep at night, your windows (99) ___________________so that you can get enough fresh air. And fourth, wherever you are, you should try to stay away from those who got flu. Boil your toothbrush for a while now and then, so that germ (100) _____________________ Hope you will get better soon. Yours Bob Tokyo, London, and New York are among the largest cities in the world. Do you know how big and how old they are? How many famous places are there in these three cities? Well, Tokyo has the biggest number of people. It has 9,000,000 people. London, however, is the largest of the three. It covers 600 square miles. New York is almost as large. London is also much older than either Tokyo or New York. It is over 1,600 years old. Tokyo is the second oldest; it really began in 1457. New York is the youngest. Today there are many famous places in these three cities. The TV tower in Tokyo is over 1,000feet high. The two most important theatre districts in the world are in London and New York. Hundreds and thousands of visitors from foreign countries are visiting each of the three cities every day. All the three cities are playing an important role in the word affairs 56.Maybe there are_______ people in the city of London. A.9,000,000 B.8,000,000 C.9,300,000 D.10,000,000 57. New York is almost as large as________. A. London B. Tokyo C. Beijing D. Paris