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初中英语时态一般现在时-现在进行时-一般过去时-过去进行时.docx

初中英语时态一般现在时-现在进行时-一般过去时-过去进行时.docx
初中英语时态一般现在时-现在进行时-一般过去时-过去进行时.docx

初中英语时态一般现在时 - 现在进行时 - 一般过去时 - 过去进行时

一般现在时

1.一般现在时的基本用法:

1)经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频率副词

的时间状语连用。

时间状语: every morning(afternoon, Sunday), sometimes, on Sunday, often, usually 等.

例如: I wake up at six O’clock every morning.

My friends often go to the park on Sundays.

2)用于表示客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。

例如: The earth moves around the sun.

Tomorrow is Tuesday.

3)用于格言或警句中。

例如: Where there is a will, there is a way.

4)用于表示现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个

性。

例如: I don't want so much.

She is a good girl and always help others.

My watch is very new 。

2.一般现在时的构成:

当主语是第一人称,第二人称或第三人称复数时,谓语动词要用动词原形。

当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即动词词尾要加 s 或 es.

例. We have four classes in the morning every day.

They work in a big office.

She likes singing very much.

附注:动词的第三人称单数变化形式分为规则

变化和不规则变化两种形式。

1.规则变化:

(1)直接在动词词尾加 -s.

ask---asks work---works get---gets stay---stays

(2)以字母s, x, ch, sh 或o 结尾的动词,在词尾直接加 -es.

fix---fixes do---does go---goes pass---passes

watch---watches wash____washes

(3)以“辅音字母加“y”结尾的动词,

要先变 y 为 i 再加 -es.

try---tries study---studies cry---cr ies

2.不规则变化:

be---- is have----has

3.一般现在时的句子转换:变否定句、一般疑

问句

(1)一般疑问句:当句子中有 be 动词或情态动

词时,则把 be 动词或情态

动词提到主语的前面变成疑

问句 ;

否定句:在 be 动词或情态动词后面加 not

变成否定句 .

例: She is a student.I can swim.

→ Is she a student?→Can you swim?

→ She is not a student.→I can not swim.

(2)一般疑问句:当句子中即没有 be 动词,也

没有情态动词时,则在主语

前加助动词 do, does变成问

句;

否定句:在主语后谓语动词前加助动词don’

t, doesn变成’t否定句,助动

词后的谓语动词要变成动词原

形。

例: We get up at 7:00 every morning.

→Do you get up at 7:00 every morning?

→We don’t get up at 7:00 every morning .

She has a little brother.

→Does she have a little brother?

→She doesn’t have a little brother.

百看不如一练

一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。

sit swim read make run

write type go watch clean

cry wash jump come study

二、用 do、does 填空

1、_____ you ride a bike after school? Yes, I

________.

2 、 ______ your sister like football? No, she ______ not.

3、What_______ the students have? They have some pens.

4、How______ Linda go to school? She goes to school on foot.

5、 He ______ not speak English. He speaks Chinese.

6、 ______ they watch TV on Sundays? Yes, they ______ .

7、 My father and mother ______ not read newspapers on Saturday.

三、改句子

1.Do you often play football after school? ( 肯

定回答 )

2.I have many books. (改为否定句)

3.Gao Shan ’ s sister likes playing table tennis (改为否定句)

4. She lives in a small town near New York.(改为一般疑问句)

5.I watch TV every day. (改为一般疑问句)

6.David has got a goal. (改为一般疑问句)

7.We have four lessons.(否定句)

8.Nancy doesn ’ t run fast(肯定句)

9.My dog runs fast.

否定句:

一般疑问句:

10. Mike has two letters for him.

一般疑问句:

否定句:

11.I usually play football on Friday afternoon.

否定句 :

一般疑问句 :

12. Su Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday.

否定句 :

一般疑句 :

13. Mingming usually waters the flowers every day

否定句 :

般疑句 :

14. Tom does his homework at home.

否定句 :

一般疑句 :

现在进行时

一、在行式的基本构。

1) 第一人称:主+ am + 在分+ ??

I am watching TV.

2)第三人称数:主 + is + 在分 + ??

She is washing the dishes.

3)第二人称及复数人称:主 + are + 在分 + ??

They are playing games.

二、进行时的基本用法:

1)表示现在 ( 指说话人说话时 ) 正在发生的事情。

We are waiting for you.

2)习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说

话时动作未必正在进行。

Mr. Green is writing another novel.

She is learning English under Mr. Smith.

3)表示渐变的动词有: get, grow, become, turn, run, go 等。

The leaves are turning red.

It's getting warmer and warmer.

4) 与 always, constantly, forever等词连用,表

示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往

带有说话人的主观色彩。

You are always changing your mind.

三、现在进行时谓语动词的变化规则

1)一般情况下,在动词后加 ing 构成 . 如:

work_working sleep_sleeping

wait_waiting study_studying

2)以不发音的 e结尾的动词去掉 e后再加 ing. 如

take_taking move_moving write_writing.

3)以重读闭音节或 r 音节结尾且未尾只有一个辅

音字母的动词,要双写未尾的辅音字母于加

ing.如。

sit_sitting plan____planning swim_swi mming.

4)以字母 ie 结尾的动词,通常把 ie 改为 y,再加ing. 如。

die___dying Lie__lying

四、没有进行时态的动词

1)表示感觉的感官动词没有进行时态。

see hear feel sound smell taste

2)表示存在状态的动词没有进行时态

have(有)stay be own

3)表示人物的心理活动,态度情感等的描述性

动词没有进行时态

love like hate know think 4)表示一次性动作的动词没有进行时态

decide give

百看不如一练

一写出下列动词的现在分词

stand_________ sleep_________ jump_________ walk_________

clean_________wash_________ do____________ go__________

listen_________read_________play __________sing__________

have_________ write_________ come_________ dance_________

skate_________ make________ ride__________

sit___________ run__________ swim_________二根据提示完成下列句子

1.The students_______ (正在上英语课 )

2.Some girls________ (正在跳舞 )

3.I____________ (正在骑自行车 )

4.My mother__________(正在做家务)

5.Helen___________ (会做模型飞机 )

6.______you____ (正在看报纸吗 )

7.______she_______正(在打扫图书馆吗 )

8._______the boys________(正在打篮球吗 )

三、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:

1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.

2.Listen! Some girls _______________

( sing)in the classroom .

3.My mother _________________ ( cook )some

nice food now.

4.What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?

5.Look! They _______________( have) an

English lesson .

6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers

now.

7.Look! the girls________________(dance )in

the classroom .

8.What is our granddaughter doing?She

________(listen ) to music.

now.We

9. It ’s 5 o’ clock

_____________(have)supper now.

10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?

Yes ,she is .

四句型转换:

1.They are doing housework .( 分别改成一般疑问句和否定句 )

2.The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答 )

3.I ’ mplaying the football in the playground. (对划线部分进行提问 )

4.Tom is reading books in his study . ( 对划线部分进行提问 )

一般过去时

一.概述

1.去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯

性、经常性的动作、行为;

2.时间状语: ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month,

具体时间 ) just now, at the age of , one day, long ago, once upon a time( 很久以前 ),

3.动词变化规则:

一般情况下,在动词原形后直接加ed。

如: wanted,played。

以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词,直接加d。

如: hoped,lived 。

重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母,再

加ed。

如: stopped, shipped。

以辅音字母 +y 结尾的动词变 y 为 i,再加 ed。如: studied ,worried 。

有些动词不符合上面的规则,需要特殊记忆。

如:am(is)-was,are-were,go-went, eat-ate,

swim-swam, buy-bought,see-saw,

teach-taught,bring-brought, think-thought,

fall-fell,hurt-hurt, break-broke,win-won,lose-lost

二、一般去的基本用法

1.有确定的去状,要用去,如: yesterday

(昨天)、 two days ago ?(两

天前??)、last year ?(去年?)、the other day(前几天)、once upon a time(很久以前)、 just now (才)、in the old days (去的日子里)、 before ??(??前)、at+ 一个

Eg. Did you have a party the other day?

Lei Feng was a good soldier in the old

days.

2. 表示去生的作,要用去,

种情况下,往往没有表示去的状,而通上

下文来表示。

Eg.The boy opened his eyes for a moment,looked at the captain,and then died.

3.表示去一段内常或反复的作,常

与always , never 等用。

Eg. Mrs. Peter always carried an

umbrella.

(只是说明她过去的动作,不表明她现在是否常带着伞。)

比较 :

Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.

(说明这是她的习惯,表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞)

Mrs. Peter is always carrying an umbrella.

彼得太太总是带着一把伞。

(表示说话者对这一动作或行为厌烦)

used to 4. 如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用

do(过去常常做,而现在不那样做了) He used to drink.

(意味着他现在不喝酒了。喝酒这个动作

终止了)

I used to take a walk in the morning.

(意味着现在不在早晨散步了)

比较:

I took a walk in the morning.

(只是说明过去这一动作)

5有些句子,虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状

态的话,也要用过去时,这一点,我们中国学

生往往出错,要特别注意!

I didn ’t know you were in Paris.我不知道你在巴黎。

(因为在说话时,我已经知道你在巴黎了。这

句话指的是说话之前,所以只能用过去时表

示。实际上,这句话暗指: But now I know you are here. )

I thought you were ill.

(这句话应是在说话之前,我以为你病了。但

是现在我知道你没病)辨别正误

Li Ming studied English this morning.把此句变为一般疑问句

1.Did Li Ming studied English this morning

动词应该用 ________

2. Does Li Ming Study English this morning

时态应该用 ________

3.Was Li Ming studied English this morning

应该用 _______而不是 be 动词??

三、一般过去时的基本结构

一般过去式的构成形式:

肯定式疑问式否定式

I worked Did I I did not work?work

He(she,it)Did He

he(she,it)(she,it)did

worked

work?not work

We Did we We did not

worked work?work

You Did you You did

worked work?not work

They Did they They did

worked work?not work

否定形式: be 动词前: were not

行为动词前:did not+ 实义动词原

一般疑问句: be 动词前: was 或 were 放于句首;

行为动词前:用助动词 do 的过去

式 did 提问,同时还原行为动词。

初中英语时态一般现在时态的详解

一般现在时 1.一般现在时的定义:一般现在时是描述现在或经常性的性质,动作或状态的时态。常与表示频度的时间状语every day, usually, always, often, sometimes, on Sunday等连用。如: We usually go to school at 7:30. 我们通常7:30上学去。[go] 2.一般现在时的结构及句型变化 构成:一般现在时的构成主要有两种形式: (1)对于谓语动词或助动词是be、have、can/may/must a.肯定句中I am a student.I can swim. b.否定句中,谓语动词或助动词是be、have或者情态动词can/may/must 等,在将be动词,助动词,情态动词后加not. She isn't a teacher.她不是教师。I can’t swim. c.一般疑问句,.对于谓语动词或助动词是be、have或者情态动词can/may/must 等,将be动词,助动词,情态动词移到主语前面,句尾用问号 Are you ready?Yes,I am.No,I'm not. Can you swim? Yes, I can. No, I can’t. (2)实义动词型:句中的谓语动词为实义动词(也叫行为动词): a.肯定句中,只出现实义动词,如: I get up in the morning.我早晨起床。 b.否定句中,要在实义动词前面加do(does)+not,do(does)作助动词,本身无意义,常与not缩写成don't(doesn't),如: I don't like vegetables.我不喜欢蔬菜。 c.一般疑问句,要在句子开头加助动词Do(does),句尾用问号,简略答语用Yes,主语+do(does).或No,主语+do(does)+not.如: Do you like oranges?—你喜欢桔子吗?Yes,I do.—是的,我喜欢。 No,I don't.—不,我不喜欢。 3.一般现在时的用法详解 A--表示客观存在及普遍真理或表示格言或警句中。如: Summer follows spring. 春天之后是夏天。 The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败 B--经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。 时间状语:every…, sometimes,ofen,always. I leave home for school at 7 every morning C--现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 I don't want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. D—表示按时间表拟定的或安排好的事情,或要发生的事动作。这种用法往往指严格按照时刻表进行或按照事先安排好的进行。 Flight Canada departs at 16:30. E--在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时代替将来时。 If we do not have class tomorrow, we will have panic. F--小说故事用一般现在时代替一般过去时。新闻报道类的内容,为了体现其“新鲜”性,也用一般现在时来表示过去发生的事情。 4一般现在时注意的地方

高考英语一般现在时用法总结(完整)

高考英语一般现在时用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择一般现在时 1.I know daydreaming benefits invention, but the fact that it has no solid evidence. A.will be remaining B.remained C.remains D.had remained. 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词时态。句意:我知道白日梦有益于发明,但事实是它没有确凿的证据。根据所给动词是一般现在时和句意可知此处也用一般现在时,故选C. 2.The Small Goose Pagoda in Xi’an, one of the 22 Silk Road relics located in China, _______ back in 707 during the Tang Dynasty. A.dated B.was dated C.dates D.is dating 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析:考查动词短语和时态。短语date back to追溯到....;从....开始有;该句型没有被动语态,也没有进行时。通常都使用一般现在时表示从现在时间某一事物能够追溯到的时期。故C项正确。 【名师点睛】 当分词做状语的时候,要特别考虑主被动关系以及时间的先后关系。如果构成分词的动词与句子的主语构成主动关系,就使用现在分词做状语;当二者构成被动关系,使用过去分词做状语。如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前,就使用分词的完成式。如果分词与句子的主语没有关系,可以使用状语从句或者独立主格结构。 考点:考查动词短语和时态 3.We live in a beautiful cottage with a yard, which ______ 20 feet from side to side. A.measures B.is measured C.measured D.has been measured 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析:考察非谓语。句意:我们住的地方有一个院子,这个院子从一遍到另一边的距离是20英尺。 考点:考察非谓语。 4.---We’d better leave now. ---No hurry. The train ______ at 10 o’clock. A.has left B.left C.leaves D.would leave 【答案】C

外研版英语【初中英语】现在进行时专题(含答案)

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