主谓一致
主谓一致指的是句子的谓语动词与其主语在数上必须保持一致，句子的主语是第三人称单数，其谓语动词须用单数，主语是复数，则谓语动词用其复数形式
英语中的主谓一致主要遵循三个原则：意义一致原则、语法一致原则和邻近原则。这三个原则发生冲突时，意义一致原则优先考虑
▼语法一致
主语和谓语通常是从语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式、谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式
→Mr Black is a well-known scientist on AIDS.布莱克先生是著名的艾滋病学家。
→My friends have no intention of going shopping with me.我的朋友们无意和我去购物。
▼意义一致
所谓意义一致原则是指谓语动词的变化是以主语所表达的单、复数概念而定。
→Three months has passed since you left.自你走后已有三个月了。（three months表示单数概念）
→The professor and writer is invited to many universities to deliver lectures.
这位教授兼作家被邀请到很多大学作报告。（教授与作家是同一个人，是单数）
→The old are very well taken care of in our city。
老年人在我们城市被照顾得很好。（the old指所有的老年人，是复合概念）
▼邻近原则
邻近原则是指谓语动词的变化是以靠近谓语动词的主语部分而定
→Neither his parents nor he himself is a bank clerk.
他父母和他本人都不是银行职员。（根据靠近谓语的主语he而定）
→Not Jack but his parents are to blame for the home accident.
不是杰克而是他父母应为这次家庭事故受到责备。（根据靠近谓语的主语his parents而定）
一、单一主语的情况
单一主语指的是由一个中心名词或名词短语构成的主语。其主语与谓语的一致情况如下：
?不定代词作主语
⑴独立的不定代词作主语
不定代词:
either,neither,each,one,the other,another,someone,somebody,something,anyone,anybody,anything, everyone,everybody,everything,nobody,no one,nothing等作主语时，谓语动词常用单数
→No one is actually able to complete the work in such a short time.在这么短的时间内，没人能完成这项工作。None作主语时如果指人或可数的物，表数目，谓语动词用单复数形式皆可；如果指不可数名词，表量，
→None of the students have made mistakes this time.这次没有一个学生犯错误。
→None of us is/are interested in your new subject.我们中没人对你的新课题感兴趣。
⑵neither/either of...作主语
“neither/either of+复数名词或复数形式的代词”作主语，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数
→Neither of us has/have received postcards this Christmas.今年圣诞节我们两人谁也没有收到贺卡。
→Either of the children is/are eager to go home.两个孩子都记着回家。
⑶the other two（...）等短语作主语
The other two（...）,the other three（...),both等作主语，谓语动词用复数
→Five people came to help,but another three were still needed.已经有五个人来帮忙了，但我们还需要三个。→I’m very delighted that both are what we need.我很高兴两个都是我们所需要的。
⑷all作主语
all作主语指人时，谓语动词用复数，指物时，常用单数
→All are present besides the professor.所有人都出席了，包括那位教授。
→All is going on very well.一切顺利。
⑸each修饰的名词作主语
由each修饰的名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，each若位于复数主语后或句尾作同位语，谓语动词的数要与主语保持一致
→Each student has a MP4 which helps them improve their listening.
每个学生都有一部MP4，这对提高他们的听力大有帮助。
→Each of the class has been given a gift.这个班里的每一个学生都得到了一份礼物。
⑹such作主语
Such作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式应根据其意义而定
→Such was Albert Einstein,a simple man with great achievements.
爱因斯坦就是这样一个简朴而又取得巨大成就的人。
→Such as have plenty of money want more money.
那些有很多钱的人还想要更多的钱。
【牛刀小试】语法填空
1. Someone has（has）parked the car in the way.有人把车停在了路上，挡住了去路。
2. Jimmy has used up all the money,None is（be）left.吉米把所有的钱都用光了，一点没留。
3. I keep only one apple for myself,and the other two are（be）yours.我只留了一个苹果，另外两个给你。
4. They each have （have）won a prize.（=They have won a prize each.）他们每个人都得了奖。
她想要一个大床和很多玩具，这就是她的愿望。
▼集合名词作主语
⑴谓语动词只能用复数的情况
有些集体名词，如people,cattle,police等作主语，谓语动词要用复数形式
→Traffic police are always very busy,especially at busy streets.
交通警察总是忙碌着，特别是在繁忙的街道上。
→People read for pleasure during their spare time.人们在业余时间读书自娱。
⑵谓语动词单复数皆可的情况
集合名词，如audience（观众), army（部队), class（班), crew（船员), company（公司), crowd（人群), enemy （敌人), family（家庭), group（组), government（政府), public（公众), population（人口), team（队）等作主语时，若作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式；若着眼于组成该集体的每个成员，谓语用复数形式
→His family was poor and he used to sit under the tree and draw pictures.他家里很穷，他常常坐在树下绘画。→The population in China is very large and 80% of the population live in rural areas.
中国人口很多，其中80%的人住在农村。
⑶表示国家、民族的名词作主语的情况
有些以-sh，-ch结尾的表示国家、民族的形容词与the连用时表示复数含义，谓语动词用复数形式
→The English like to be with their families at Christmas.英国人喜欢圣诞节与家人团聚。
→The France are fond of champagne.法国人喜欢香槟酒。
▼貌似复数形式的特殊名词作主语
⑴以-ics结尾的表示学科名称的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数
→Politics is often a topic for discussion among us.政治常常是我们讨论的话题。
→Physics is one of the hardest subjects for a middle school student.物理是中学生感到最难得科目之一。
⑵形式上是复数形式的专有名词作主语
专有名词如国名、人名、书名、组织机构等作主语，形式上即使是复数，谓语动词也要用单数
→The United Nations was founded in 1945.联合国是1945年建立的。
→The New York Times has a wide circulation.《纽约时报》销路很广。
⑶以-s结尾的海峡、山脉、群岛等作主语
以-s结尾的海峡、山脉、群岛等作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式
→The Straits of Gibraltar haven’t lost their strategical importance.直布罗陀海峡尚未丧失其战略上的重要地位。→The Himalayas extend along the border of India and China.喜马拉雅山脉一直延伸到中印边境上。
①有些其后的谓语动词只能用复数形式，此类名词有：
earnings,thanks,leavings,clothes,belongings,savings,goods,trousers,scissors
→The family were saved but all the belongings were lost.这一家人获救了，但所有家产都丢了。
→All my savings are intended for the poor children here.我所有的积蓄都是给这里贫穷的孩子的。
②有些是单复数同形的名词，作主语时谓语动词根据其表示的单复数而定。此类名词有：
Means,works,sheep,deer,crossroads,series,species,headquarters
→Each means has been tried to solve the problem,but none is effective.
解决这个问题的每一种方法都试过，但没有一种有效的。
【即时即练】翻译下列句子
1. 我们全家今年夏天要外出旅游。My family are going on a trip this summer.
2. 数学是关于数字的科学。Mathematics is the science of numbers.
3. 美国在北美洲。The United States is in North America.
4. 同陌生人交流有很多不同的方法。There are various means of communicating with a stranger.
▼含有修饰语的名词作主语
⑴含有量词的名词作主语
①量词修饰由对应两部分组成的名词
一些由两个对应部分组成一体的复数名词，如trousers,pants,glasses,scissors等作主语，前面若无a pair of, a suit of,a set of, a series of等这类单位词，通常作复数用，谓语动词用复数。若带有单位词，则由单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数形式
→This pair of glasses is very expensive.这副眼镜很贵。
→The two pair of scissors are Hangzhou-made.这两把剪刀都是杭州制造的。
②特殊量词修饰普通名词
含有像pile,mountain,row,mass,cup,basket,box,pack,packet,parcel等词修饰的短语作主语时，谓语动词根据修饰语的单复数形式而定
→Piles of rubbish have not only blocked the way,but polluted the air as well.
成堆的垃圾不仅挡住了行人的路，而且污染了空气。
→A row of willows is lined on one side of the river.河的一岸长满了一排柳树。
→Masses of work are to be done to welcome the new year.为了迎接新年，我们还有很多活要做。
⑵a group of和a couple of修饰复数名词
A group of或a couple of后接复数名词作主语，谓语一般用复数形式
→A group of boys and girls are dancing to welcome Children’s Day.一群儿童在跳舞迎接儿童节。
→A couple of days have passed since we parted.我们分手已经好几天了。
⑶a number of和the number of后加名词复数作主语
A number of“许多”，修饰可数名词复数时谓语动词一般也用复数；the number of的意思为“……的数目”，作主语时，谓语动词只用单数
→A number of the other plants were found in America.在美洲还发现了许多别的植物。
→The number of people who travel by plane in China is larger than ever before.中国乘飞机旅行的人比以往多。
⑷several等词作主语或其修饰的名词作主语
只修饰可数名词的量词several,a few,quite a few, a great many(of..)作主语，谓语动词应用复数形式；其修饰的名词作主语，谓语动词也应用复数形式
→We’ve gathered varieties of books and a great many are to be sent to primary school in the west of China.
我们已经募捐了很多书，很多即将被送到中国西部的小学。
→Several of us are determined to remain in the city after graduation.我们中有一些人决定毕业后留在城市。
⑸some等词作主语或其修饰的名词作主语
Some,plenty of,a lot(of),lots(of)等词既可修饰可数名词，又可修饰不可数名词，其谓语应根据所修饰的词而定
→A lot of students are coming to the meeting.很多学生要来参加这次会议。
→A lot of work is to be done to prepare for the conference.为了准备好会议，还有很多工作要做。
⑹修饰不可数名词的量词作主语或其修饰的名词作主语
a great/good deal (of), a little,quite a little,a large amount (of)等修饰不可数名词的量词作主语或修饰的名词作主语，其谓语动词只用单数形式
→A great deal of time was wasted playing but ought to have been fully used.
很多时间本应好好利用的，但在玩耍中浪费掉了。
→A large amount of medicine is needed in the stricken area.
灾区需要大量的医药。
⑺more（...）than one修饰的名词作主语
“more than one+单数名词”尽管意义上是复数，但因中心词是单数形式，谓语也须用单数。在“more+复数名词+than one”结构之后，谓语常用复数
→More than one way has been tried to stop noise pollution.已经试过很多制止噪音污染的方法了。
→More members than one are against the proposal.反对这项提议的会员不止一个。
⑻many a修饰的名词作主语
“many a +单数名词”作主语，尽管意义上是复数，但因中心词是单数形式，谓语动词也须用单数
→Many a scientist has been trying to research into the way to cure cancer.
许多科学家一直在研究治疗癌症的方法。
⑼one or two, a ...or two修饰的名词作主语
One or two后接复数名词，谓语动词要用复数；但在“a/an+单数名词+or two”结构之后，谓语动词却常用单数
→One or two days are enough for this work.干这活一两天就足够了。
→A day or two is enough for this work.干这活一两天就足够了。
⑽the rest (of...)作主语
The rest (of...),the remaining, part (of...),one half (of...)等作主语或它们所修饰的词作主语时，其谓语动词应根据主语所表达的单复数意义而定
→Many people present at the meeting were from the US,many from the UK and the rest were from China.出席这次会议的很多人来自美国和英国，其他的来自中国。
→He spent some of the money on a new mobile phone and the rest was saved.
他花了一些钱买了一部新手机，其余的存了起来。
→The first part of the lecture was vivid but the remaining was dull.讲座的前半部分很生动，后半部分非常枯燥。→Part of the foreign teachers in our school are from Canada.我们学校的一部分外籍老师来自加拿大。
⑾百分数、分数及其他比例词作主语或其修饰的名词作主语
①“分数/百分数+of+名词”结构作主语时，一般根据of后的名词的单复数决定谓语动词的形式
→50% of the land is now suitable to grow plants.百分之五十的土地现在适合种庄稼。
→20% of the people in the city object to the price for running water going up.
这个城市中百分之二十的人反对自来水价格上涨。
→This is because two thirds of the earth’s surface is made up of vast oceans.
这是因为地球表面的2/3是由广阔的海洋组成的。
②“one and a half+复数可数名词”作主语，谓语一般用单数
→One and a half days is all I can spare.我只能抽出一天半的时间。
③“one in+基数词（...）”作主语
“one in+基数词”相当于“几分之一”的用法，它作主语或其修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式→It is reported that in this area one in four people suffers from lung cancer.据报道在此地区有1/4的人患肺癌。
【活学活用】语法填空
1. My blue trousers have（have）worn out.我的蓝裤子已经穿破了。
2. One and a half apples is （be）a good meal for the beggar.一个半苹果对这个乞丐来说是一顿美餐。
3. Two thirds of these tasks have （have）been completed.这些任务已完成了三分之二。
4. Part of his story was （be）not true.他讲的故事有一部分不是真的。
5. More than one person was （be）injured in the accident.不止一人在这次事故中受伤。
▼名词化的形容词作主语
有些形容词加上the,如the old,the blind,the living,the dead,the rich,the poor,the young,the deaf等，用来表示一类人，其意义为复数，谓语动词需用复数形式
→The old are taken good care of in our country.在我们国家老人受到了很好的照顾。
→The poor are part of the people we help.穷人是我们救助的一部分。
→The injured have been sent to the hospital.受伤人员已被送往医院。
▼非谓语动词、从句作主语
⑴非谓语动词作主语
①单独的不定式、动词的-ing形式作主语时谓语动词一般用单数形式
→To prevent the air from being polluted is what we’re now researching.
阻止空气污染是我们正在研究的课题。
→Persuading him to join us seems really hard.劝他们加入我们似乎很难。
⑵由连接词连接的多个非谓语动词作主语如果表达同一概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如果表达不同概念，谓语动词用复数
→To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit.早睡早起是好习惯。
→To work and to live are two different things but they are always together.
工作和生活是两件不同的事情，但他们总是相依相辅。
⑶从句作主语
That,what,who,which,when,where,why,whatever,whoever,whichever,whenever,wherever等引导的从句作主语或单独引导疑问句时，应根据句子指代的概念决定谓语动词的形式
→That Jack has gone abroad makes us all surprised.杰克出国了，这使我们都很惊讶。
→Who is Abraham Lincoln?亚伯拉罕·林肯是谁？
→Who are taking with each other?谁在彼此交谈？
→What Lily says and acts does not concern me.莉莉的言行与我无关。（这里的says and does笼统指人的行为）→What he says and acts do not agree.他的言行不一致。（指他说的话和他做的事是复数概念）
→Whichever is yours?究竟哪一个是你的？
→Which are yours?哪一些是你的？
▼表示度量、价格、时间、长度类的名词作主语
表示时间、距离、金额、重量等的复数名词作主语，通常看做整体，谓语动词用单数形式
→Two hours is a long time to take over a coffee.两个小时喝杯咖啡是够长的了。
→The pounds was missing from the till.钱柜里丢了10英镑。
→Six hundred miles is a long distance.六百英里是一段很长的距离。
二、并列结构作主语的情况
并列结构作主语主要指主语由并列的名词或名词短语构成，此时主要有如下几种情况
▼and及both...and...类
一般来说，两个单数主语用and连接起来，表示两个不同的人或物，动词用复数；但如果两个并列的单数主语在意义上指同一人、同一事物或同一概念，动词须用单数
→Her teacher and her friend are in the sitting-room.她的老师和朋友都在客厅。
→A smile and handshake show welcome.微笑和握手表示欢迎。
→Truth and honesty is the best policy.真诚为上策。
▼each...and each及every...and every...类
结构every...and every...,each...and each...或no...and no...作主语时，动词用单数
→Every man and (every) woman has a good reason to be proud of the work done by their fathers.
每一个人都有充分的理由为他们的父亲所做的工作感到骄傲。
→Each boy and each girl has been invited to the tea-party.每个男孩和每个女孩都被邀请来参加茶话会。
▼not...but...,not only...but also,or...,either...or...,neither...nor...类
在由not...but...,not only...but (also),or,either...or,neither...nor等连接的并列主语中，谓语动词的人称和数应该和靠近它的主语一致
→Tom or you are to blame.应该怪汤姆或你。
→Was he or you able to persuade her?是你还是他能够说服她？
→Not you but I am to blame for the mistake. 是我而不是你该为此错误受到责备。
→Not only I but also my parents are found of traveling around.不仅我而且我父母也喜欢到处旅行。
→Neither you nor I am fit for the work.你和我都不适合做这个工作。
→Are neither you nor I fit for the work?你和我都不适合做这个工作吗？
三、其他情况
▼假性主语的主谓一致
With,together...with,along...with,as...well...as,like,such...as,as...much...as,no...less...than,rather...than,including,bes ides,but,except,in addition to等短语后的名词称为假性主语，主语后若有以上短语，谓语动词仍然依照原主语而定，与该类短语中的名词形式无关
→The teacher with the students is playing football on the playground.老师和学生们正在操场上踢足球。
→Henry,rather than Jane and John,is responsible for the loss.损失的责任应由亨利而不是由简和约翰来承担。→Jane,together with her parents,goes to the park every Sunday.简和她的父母每个星期天都去公园。
注意：如果一个谓语动词有两个主语，其中一个是肯定的，另一个是否定的，则谓语动词须与肯定的主语相一致
→Jane and Dick,not Marry, are my students.简和狄克是我的学生，玛丽不是。
▼there/here句式中的主谓一致
由there,here引起的句式中，主语不止一个时，谓语通常和最邻近的主语保持一致；只有一个小时，谓语与主语保持一致
→There is a lake and some hills around the small village.那个小村子被一个湖和几座山环绕着。
→There are several grammar mistakes in your composition.你的作文中出现了几个语法错误。
→Here goes the song again.这首歌又唱了起来。
▼定语从句中的主谓一致
依先行词而定
定语从句中关系代词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数应视先行词的单复数而定。先行词是单数，定语从句中的谓语动词也要用单数形式，先行词是复数形式，定语从句中的谓语动词也要用复数形式
→Those (people) who are for this plan are to sign your name right on this paper.
同意这个计划的在这张纸上签名。
→I will always treasure the moments that were full of pleasures.我将永远珍惜充满欢乐的时光。
→The news that has been published in today’s newspaper isn’t true.今天报纸上发布的新闻不是真的。
▼倒装句中的主谓一致
倒装句中的谓语动词应与被置于其后的主语保持一致
→On the wall hang some pictures by Picasso.墙上挂着一些毕加索的画。
→Gone are the days when we worked together,laughed together.我们一起工作、一起欢笑的日子一去不复返了。
【活学活用】语法填空
1.The university estimates that living expenses for international studentsarearound $8,450 a year,
which isa burden for some of them.（be）
2. Generally,students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others is （be）essential to their development.
3. All the scientific evidence shows（show）that increasing use of chemicals in farming is damaging our health.（be）
4. The basketball coach,as well as his team, was （be）interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.
5.Nowadays, a large number of college students home and abroad do （do）some part-time jobs in their spare time.
6. One-third of the country is covered with trees and the majority of the citizens are black people.（be）
7. The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which were （be）saved for other purposes.
【随堂练习】
一、单项选择
1.About one third of the population in Beijing and Shanghai netizens,but in poorer areas,only three or four percent online.
A.is;is
B.are;are
C.are;is
D.is;are
2.The city government is planning to build a new factory to deal with rubbish,but when and where to start .
A.hasn’t been decided
B.haven’t decided
C.isn’t being decided
D.aren’t decided
3.More than one the people heart and soul.
A.official has served
B.officials have served
C.official has served for
D.officials have served for
4.The farmer is sleeping under the tree while the cattle grass peacefully.
A.is eating
B.are eating
C.has eaten
D.have eaten
5.Eric,as well as his friends, the tour plan of going for an outing.-So am I.The final examination is coming.
A.is against
B.are against
C.are for
D.is for
二、完成句子
1.The oldare well taken care of in China.(take)
在中国，老人受到很好的照顾。
2.There is an apple and some oranges on the table.(there)
桌子上有一个苹果和几个橘子。
3.Mr.Smith, who is now downstairs ,is asking to see you.(who)
史密斯先生要见你，现在他正在楼下。
4.Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.(bad)
在阳光下读书对你的眼睛有害。
【课后练习】
一、单项选择
1. One and a half weeks since I saw you last.
A.has past
B.have past
C.has passed
D.passes
2. Each of the students working hard at their lessons the book.-So have I.
A.is reading
B.has read
C.read
D.reads
3. The driver was fined because of the traffic lights.
A.looking at
B.ignoring
C.taking
D.turning on
4. Mr Garcia anyone who hasn’t had a college education.
A.looks down on
B.looks after
C.looks for
D.looks into
5. How did your daughters and sons express their love to you the last Mothers’Day?
—A card, together with many flowers sent to me by my children.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
A. is sold
B. sells
C. are sold
D. sell
7. The number of people in the world about 6 billion and large quantities of wasteeach year.
A. total; are produced
B. totals; is produced
C. totals; are produced
D. total; is produced
8.of the people on the net China’s economy is among the strongest in the world.
A. Four-fifth; believes
B. Four-fifth; believe
C. Four-fifths; believe
D. Four-fifths; believes
9. The clothes which with the famous player’s name sell well all through the year.
A. are marked
B. marked
C. are making
D. mark
10. An average of 130,000 Chinese abroad for studies every year over the past few years, boosting exchanges in the educational fields.
A. was going
B. have been going
C.has been going
D.are going
二、完成句子
1.What we need are Qualified teachers.（what）
我们需要的是合格的教师。
2.Both my grandfathers are farmers.（be）
我的祖父和外祖父都是农民。
3.With the work finished,all were relaxed .（relax）
工作完成后，大家都感到很轻松。
4.All of the money is mine.（mine）
所有的这些钱都是我的。
5.A number of new houses have been built there.（build）
那儿已建了很多新房子。
6.Not only the students but also the teacher likes playing basketball .（like）
学生和老师都喜欢打篮球。
主谓一致 姓 名：****** 班 级：英教七 班 学 号：********** “一致”指句子成分之间或词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。 主谓一致指主语和谓语动词之间在“人称”和“数”的方面的一致关系，这又叫“主—动一致”。 1. 指导原则 三种不同的原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则 1）语法一致 主语和谓语动词之间的一致关系主要表现在“数”的形式上，即用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致。
如果名词中心词是复数，动词就该用复数形式；如果名词中心词不是复数，而是单数名词或不可数名词，动词便使用单数形式。这种一致关系叫做“语法一致”。 Both boys have their own merits（优点）. Few students are really lazy. Many people want to go. Two girls were standing on the corner. Each boy has his own book. Either answer is correct. Much effort is wasted. 2）意义一致和就近原则 有时，主语和谓语动词的一致关系并非取决于语法上的单、复数形式，而是取决于主语的单、复数意义： 比如有时主语在语法形式上并非复数，但有复数意义，随后的动词便用复数； 反之，主语在语法形式上是复数，而在意义上可视为单数，随后的动词也用单数。 这种一致关系叫做意义一致。 The government have asked the country to decide by a vote. Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me. Fifty-six dollars was stolen from the cash register（现金出纳机）. 有时，谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语（主要指名词）的单、复数形式，这种一致关系所依据的原则叫做“就近原则”。Either my brothers or my father is coming. Only one out of five were present. No one except his own supporters agree with him. Neither Julia nor I am going. 2. 以-s 结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题
主谓一致 （一）单数名词与谓语动词的一致 1.表示集体的词： Army, class, audience, club, committee, company, crowd, family, group, government, organization, party, personnel, public, staff, team, union, crew. 2.表示成员的词： Cattle, folk, people, police, poultry Machinery, clothing, luggage, furniture, equipment, jewelry Clothes, works, goods, contents, the Olympics games Some of, plenty of, a lot of, lots of, most of, the rest of, all of, half of, part of, the remainder of 1.the public( )the best judge because the public always( )their thoughts.（B） A.are; express B.is;express C.is;expresses D.are;expresses
2.I think class one( ) to win because class one( )all football lovers.(A) A.is likely; are B. are likely; are C. is likely; is D. are likely; is 3.while my family( ) a small one, every one of us( ) different hobbies.(A) A.is; have B.are; has C.is; has D.are; have 4.cattle( )well in the country market at present, according to the evening news.（A） A. sell B. sells C. is being sold D. will be sold 5. people who( )peace( )seeing a steady situation to seeing an unrest state. A.love; prefers B. love; prefer C.loved; prefer D.love;prefers 6. all the furniture in my office( )made in Hong Kong. A. is B. are C.were D.had been 7.every means( ) to prevent the water from( ). A. are used; polluting B. get used; pllution C. is used; polluted D. has been used; being polluted 8. all possible means( )to save the wounded soldier. A. have been tired B. is to be tried C. has been tried D. are trying
最新主谓一致培优题 一、主谓一致 1．. In the past few years there ______ great changes in my hometown. A．have been B．were C．had been D．are 【答案】A 【解析】 略 2．Now the number of students who bedrooms of their own getting larger and larger. A．has;are B．have;is C．has;is D．Have;are 【答案】B 【解析】句意：现在拥有自己卧室的学生越来越多。have动词，有；has动词三单，有。is 是，动词单三形式；are是，主语为第一、二人称，以及第三人称复数。定语从句Now the number of students who____ bedrooms of their own中，students为先行词，复数含义，所以定语从句谓语动词使用复数形式have。第二个空为be动词，其主语为the number（单数含义），所以be动词使用is。故选：B。 点睛：the number of表示“……的数量”，跟复数名词连用作主语时，中心词是number，谓语动词要用单数; a number of表示“许多”，相当于 many，修饰可数名词复数。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 3．Now my father _____ his bike to work every day instead of driving. A．ride B．rode C．rides D．will ride 【答案】C 【解析】 考查点：一般现在时的用法。解题思路：every day意为“每天”，表示经常性，习惯性的动作，故该句子要使用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，故答案选C；选项B、D时态错误； 4．Both Mike and I ____ ready for the new high school life. A．be B．am C．is D．are 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：Mike和我都为新的高中生活做好了准备。am，is和are都是be动词的形式，am用于主语是第一人称I的时候；is用于主语是单数的时候；are用于主语是复数或者是第二人称you的时候。这句话的主语是Both Mike and I，指两个人，故be动词用复数，选D。 5．There ________ a book sale in our school library once a year. A．is B．was C．are D．were
主谓一致揭秘 英语中的谓语在人称、数及意义等方面要与主语的名词或代词以及相当于名词的词保持一致，叫做主谓一致。英语中的主谓一致须遵循一系列规则，包括语法一致、意义一致和就近原则。语法一致指的是语法形式一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。如：The boys are playing football .He reads English every morning .意义一致是指主语有时形式为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词依意义而定也采用复数形式。反之，主语形式上是复数，但意义是单数，谓语动词依意义而定也采用单数形式。如：People are talking about the news . Politics is taught in all middle schools. 就近原则是指谓语动词的单复数与最近的主语保持一致。Not only you but also he is wrong . 主谓一致情况复杂，但用途广泛，几乎时时刻刻都离不开。学生在学习时往往感到渺茫，感到“头痛”。因此，我们将主谓一致整合梳理，按担当主语的词，词组和句子分类学习，这样会让学生感到“山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村”。 一、名词作主语 1、部分集体名词，如police，cattle，people等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 例：The police are searching the house . 2、部分集体名词，如family，team，class，army，enemy，audience，company，government，group，commitee等作主语时，若作为一整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式；如就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数。 例：（1）My family is a happy one. (2 ) The whole family are having lunch. 3、一些形式上是复数而意义上是单数的名词，如glasses,scissors,trousers等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 例：My glasses are very beautiful.但是前用a pair of来修饰时，动词应用单数形式。 例：This pair of scissors is made in Shanghai. 4、一些以—ics结尾的表学科的名称词，如politics,economics,physics,mathmatics等形式上是复数，意义上则是单数，动词用单数。例：Physics is difficult to me. 5、若名词词组中心词是表示度量、时间、价格、距离等复数名词时，根据意义一致原则，谓语动词一般用单数形式。例：Ten years has passed since then. 6、一本书、一个组织、一国家的名称或一句格言作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 例：(1) The United Nations is an international organization. (2) "The pride goes before a fall" is his motto. (3) "The Aribian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. 7、单复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词根据意义一致原则决定单复数。如sheep,deer,works,means,species,Chinese,Japanese等。 例：(1) The deer is drinking water. (2) These deer are playing. 8、如果主语前有many a，more than one修饰，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式。 例：(1) Many a student has read the book. (2) More than one person is involved in the case.
高考英语新主谓一致知识点真题汇编含答案(3) 一、选择题 1．Many a man______ come to help us. A．have B．has C．is D．are 2．We believe ________ you have been devoted to ________ naturally of great necessity. A．that; being B．all that; be C．that all; are D．what; is 3．Neither Mary nor her parents ________ of the exciting news, which surprises us a lot. A．has informed B．have informed C．has been informed D．have been informed 4．We admire Susan for her persistence, the only one of the young girls who __________ in the rock band for 3 years so far. A．played B．play C．have played D．has played 5．About _______ of the workers in that steel works _______ young people. A．third-fifths; are B．three-fifths; are C．three-fifths; is D．third-fifths; is 6．One-fifth of the area ________ covered with trees. About seventy percent of the trees ________ been planted recently. A．is; has B．are; have C．is; have D．are; has 7．We have decided that either you or the headmaster ______ the prize to those gifted students at the meeting tomorrow. A．is handing out B．are to hand out C．are handing out D．is to hand out 8．As is well known, our success in life depends on our determination to grasp opportunities that ________ to us. A．present B．are presenting C．are presented D．have presented 9．Even more widespread _______ the copying of music and the pirating of software, especially with the development of new computer programs. A．is B．does C．are D．do 10．—With this New Year_______ new challenges. 一Sure. Global economy remains uncertain, and many countries continue to struggle. A．comes B．will come C．is coming D．come 11．Along with enthusiasm for composing music ______ his devotion to cultivating young people passionate about music. A．come B．comes C．coming D．to come 12．At the foot of the hill ________ a big lake surrounded by trees. A．lays B．is laying C．lies D．is lying 13．Regular exercise along with proper diets____our health in the long term. A．benefits B．has benefited C．benefit D．have benefited 14．— Why is the chemical plant closed? — Because large quantities of waste water ______ into the Yangtze River.
主谓一致是指句中的主语和谓语的致。我们一般遵从三个原则： 1、语法一致的原则： 语法一致的原则是指主语为单数或复数时，其谓语动词要与其相呼应。但我们要注意一些特殊情况； 1）以along with, together with, with, as well as, accompanied by, rather than, but, except 连接的两个主语，其谓语的单复数以第一个主语为主。例如： Several passengers, together with the driver, were hurt. 2）表示时间，重量，长度，价格等的复数名词，作主语从整体来看时，谓语动词用单数。例如： Fifty years is not a long time. 3）非谓语动词，从句或其他短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 例如： Early to bed and early to rise is healthful. 4）如果主语是由and连接的两个单数名词，但前面有each, every, no 等词修饰时，谓语用单数。例如： Every boy and girl in this region is taught to read and write. 2、意义一致的原则： 意义一致的原则指谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的概念，而不取决于表面的语法标志，主要表现为某些集体名词后可跟动词单数或复数。如果这些集体名词指整体概念时，谓语动词用单数；指具体成员时用复数。例如： The population of the earth is increasing very fast. 类似这样的集体名词有： family, class, audience, committee （委员会）, crowd, crew, group, party, population, team, public, council （理事会）, village等。 3、就近原则： 所谓就近原则是指谓语动词单复数取决于离它最近的词语，而无须考虑其他的词。 1）以either…or, or, neither…nor和not only…but also连接的两个主语，其谓语的单复数形式应与离谓语最近的主语保持一致。例如： Either you or he has to go there with me. 2）由there或here引起的主语，而又不止是一个时，采取就近原则。例如： Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you. 主谓一致的测试热点 1．由many a 或more than + 单数名词作主语时，其谓语用单数形式。 Many a foreigner has been to the Great Wall. More than one student has visited the exhibition. 2．“……的几分之几”和“……的百分之几”作主语时，其谓语用单数或复数取决于of 后的名词。 Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea. 40 percent of the students in our class are girls. 3．“a number of + 名词复数”作主语，谓语用复数； “the number of + 名词复数”作主语，谓语用单数。 A number of pupils like reading picture-books. The number of the students in our class is 55.
主谓一致：谓语动词和主语在人称和数保持一致。 Q1:在一个句子中，什么是主语？什么是谓语？ 例子：1.The boy is cute. 2.My father likes reading. 3.His brothers are reading books. 4.The children often play football. 请在上面的句子中画出主语和谓语。 【知识点一】谓语动词用单数情况：be(is/isn’t/was/wasn’t)；实义动词在一般现在时中用三单。 （一）主语为第三人称单数： Tom ______ (be) a good student. Sally_______ (run) fastest of all. （二）主语是由some, any, no, every 与one, body, thing 组成不定代词。 Everyone___________ (like) taking exercise. （三）主语是不可数名词： Some water __________ (be) in the bottle. （四）主语为one of+名词复数，“.....之一” One of the runners_________(be)from Class One. （五）主语为the number of+名词复数，“....的数目”或者much The number of students in our school ________(be)1,000. There ________(be) much milk. （六）主语为maths/physics(物理)等以-s结尾的名词，不表示复数意义，谓语用单数。 Maths_________(be) an important subject. （七）主语表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算，谓语用单数。 1. Two months ________(be) a long holiday. 2. Twenty dollars____________ (be) is too expensive for the book. 3. Twenty pounds ________（is / are）not so heavy. 4. Ten miles ________（is / are）not a long distance. 5. Five minus four ________（is / are）one. （八）each, either, neither作主语，谓语用单数。 1. Each of them _________ (have) an English book. 2.Either of them _________ (have) an English book. 3.Neither of them _________ (have) an English book. （九）more than one + 单数名词作主语，谓语用单数，“不止一个” More than one student ________（has / have）ever been to Beijing.
主谓一致 Fill in the blanks 一、谓语动词在人称和数上必须和主语一致 1．The results of the experiment______(show/shows) that you have all made good progress. 2．Between the two buildings______(stand/stands) a monument. 二、动名词，不定式或者从句做主语时，谓语动词一般要用单数 1．Growing vegetables ______(need/needs) constant watering. 2．That we have made brilliant achievements (is/are) an iron fact. 三、由and 并列的两个名词做主语时，如果表示的是一个同一概念或者单数概念，谓语动词用单数，否则用复数 1．The iron and steel industry_______(is/are) very important. 2．The teacher and poet often _______(give/gives) lectures around the city. 3. The teacher and the poet ______(is/are) good friends in the city. 如果主语是单数，即使后面跟着由with, together with, as well as, like, but, except等引起的短语，谓语动词与第一个主语保持一致(就前一致) 1．An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, （is/are) to be built here. 2．A scientist, together with some assistants, ______(was/were) sent to the flooded area to help in the work. 3．The teacher as well as the students________(is/are) going to visit the exhibition. 五、each 和由some, any, no, every构成的复合代词都看作单数 1．Each of us _______(has/have)something to say about the subject. （注意如果是we each 就不一样了） 2．Just a minute, someone______(is/are) talking with manager. 六、what, which, who, some, more, most, all等代词是单数或是复数要依据意思来定 1．Which_____(is/are) your rooms? 2．What we need______(is/are) more practice. 3．What he left me_______(is/are)but a few old books. 4．All but you_____(was/were) here just now. 七、none指不可数名词时为单数，指可数名词时为单复皆可，主要取决于说话人头脑中联想到的是单数还是复数 1．None of the books _______(is/are) easy for us. 2．None of the information______(is/are) useful.
最新考英语主谓一致及答案经典 一、主谓一致 1．There are millions of websites on the Internet and there_______ a lot of useful _______on the websites. A．are; informations B．are; information C．is; informations D．is; information 【答案】D 【解析】 考查主谓一致。Information是不可数名词，作主语是，谓语动词用单数，所以应选D。 2．Not only his friends but also he ________ always interested in science fiction. A．show B．shows C．are D．is 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：不仅他的朋友，而且他总是对科幻小说感兴趣。考查主谓一致。not only…but also连接两个主语的时候，谓语动词的数由离其最近的主语来决定，即就近原则，所以此处要根据he来确定谓语动词的形式；因为后面是interested in，所以用be interested in“对…感兴趣”，所以谓语动词用is；故答案选D。 3．Not only you but also I __________ interested in the cartoon called Peppa Pig. A．am B．is C．are 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查句子的主谓一致。 句意：不仅是你，我也对卡通片《粉红猪小妹》感兴趣。 A. am用于主语是I的一般现在时； B. is用于主语是单数第三人称的一般现在时； C. are用于主语是复数的一般现在时。短语“not only…but also”引导的主语和后面动词主谓一致遵循临近一致原则，比较近的主语I是第一人称，be动词用am, 故选A。 4．-Lucy, there _________too many things on the desk. What a mess! -Sorry, Mum. I'll put them away.
主谓一致 在英语中，要特别注意句子中的谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致。我们称之为“主谓一致”。例如：I am a student and my mother is a teacher. 我是个学生，我妈妈是名教师。 I go to school and my mother goes to work every day. 每天，我去上学，我妈妈去工作。 Ⅰ、并列结构作主语时与谓语的一致关系 一、由and连接主语时可分为下列四种情况： 1) 主语A，B表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数形式。 例如：Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students. 李明和张华是好学生。 Both the parents and the children are here. 父母和孩子们都在这里 Listening, speaking, reading and writing are all important. 听、说、读、写都很重要。 注意：both A and B作主语。谓语动词用复数。 2）主语A．B表示同一个人、物或概念时谓语动词用单数形式。 例如：Ａjournalist and author lives in the sixth flat. 一个新闻记者兼作家的人住在第六层。 注意：同一个人只能用一个冠词，如果是不同的两个人就要用两个冠词。 例如：A boy and a girl are playing tennis. 一个男孩和一个女孩正在打网球。 3）主语A，B之前有each ．every，many a，no等修饰语时谓语动词用单数。 Each boy and each girl is invited. 每一个男孩和每一个女孩都受到了邀请。 Every boy and girl is invited. 所有的男孩和女孩都被邀请。 No boy and no girl is there now. 现在那儿没有任何男孩和女孩。
二、主谓一致( Subject-Verb Concord ) 主谓一致的问题看上去似乎很简单，其实使用起来却不是那么容易，有时候甚至很复杂。这是因为在不同情况下，处理这一问题所依据的原则各不相同。就其在现代语法中的基本原则而言，通常有三个不同角度的着眼点：1、语法一致2、意义一致3、就近原则。 主谓一致的原则是指，主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致：主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语亦采取复数形式。例如： A grammar book helps you learn something about the rules of a language.（主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式）语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则。 Grammar books help you learn something about the rules of a language.（主语是复数形式，谓语也采取复数形式）语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则。 主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致的问题远不只上述的那么简单，有许多方面的情况需要去具体地对待： #不定式、动名词、以及从句作主语时应看作单数，谓语动和不可数名词并不是一尘不变的。英文中的很多词都是一词多义，名词词用单数。例如： Reading often means learning .读书常意味是学习。 To read English aloud every morning does you a lot of good.每天早晨朗读英语有许多好处。 What he said has been recorded .他说的话已被录音了。 ## 不定代词one, every, each, everybody, everyone, one of, no one, nothing, nobody, someone, somebody, either, neither, many a 等作主语或是修饰主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。例如： Neither of my sisters likes sports .我的妹妹中没人喜欢运动。 Many a student takes a walk on campus after dinner.许多学生晚饭后常在校园里散步。Every boy and girl shows great interest in extra-curriculum activities .每个男孩和女孩对课外活动都表现出很大的兴趣。 ### 表示国家、机构、事件、作品等名称的专有名词作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。例如： One Thousand And One Nights tells people lots of mysterious bits of folklore .《一千零一夜》给人们讲了许多神秘的民间传说。 The United States is leading the world in science and technology .美国常在世界科技方面领先。 The United Nations play an important role in the international affairs .联合国在国际事务中起着重要作用。 #### a portion, a series of, a kind of, the number of等与名词构成名词短语作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。例如： A series of high technology products has been laid out in the exhibition. 一系列高科技产品已在展览上展出。 The number of printing mistakes in some recent books often surprises people even to death.近来一些书籍里印刷错误的数量让人吃惊得要命。 A substantial portion of the reports is missing .这些报告都没有提及实质问题。 A kind of rose in the garden smells very pleasant.这座花园里有一种玫瑰香气怡人。##### 由some, several, both, few, many, a number of 等词修饰主语、或是由它们自身作主语时应看作复数，谓语动词用复数。另外，由and连接两个主语时，谓语一般用复数。例如：
个性化课程辅导教案 学员姓名科目年级课时进度：授课时间课时3课时授课老师 教学课题第六讲主谓一致 教学 目标 重点 难点 教学内容第一部分：以思维导图复习近期知识重难点 第二部分：本次课主要内容 Part One广东中考主谓一致考纲解读 考点分析 考试说明 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。主谓一致主要遵循四大原则：语法一致原则；意义一致原则；就近原则；就远原则。近年来考试题型主要有单项选择‘语法填空等。其中就近原则考查最多。 考点分析考点热度语法一致☆☆☆ 意义一致☆☆☆ 就近原则☆☆☆☆☆
Part Two三年中考解密 1.---Which would you like,tea or coffee? ---Either______ok,but I prefer coffee_______milk. A.is;has B.are;with C.is;with D.are;has 2.There______many small things we can do to make the world a better place. A.are B.is C.have D.has 3.---Do you need more time to complete the task? ---Yes.Another ten days______enough. A.is B.are C.was D.were 4.The child without parents______good care of by his teachers in this special school. A.is taken B.are taken C.take D.takes 5.Not only my friends but also I_________interested in football and Messi is our favorite star. A.be B.am C.is D.are 6.Either Ted or Bob_______good enough to be a member of the school team. A.is B.are C.become D.were 7.--Both Li Lei and Han Meimei______fond of the TV program A Bite of China. --I am also deeply moved by its stories. A.is B.am C.was D.were 8.Thanks to the organization,some money______given to the poor children. A.was B.were C.are D.has 9.Look,the set of keys______on the teachers' desk. A.are B.were C is D.was 10.This pair of shoes_________me well,but the shoes______expensive. A.fit;are B.fits;are C.fits;is D.fit;is 11.Climbing hills______good for our health. A.are B.is C.was D.were 12.The population of China_____over 1.3 billion and China has bigger population than_____in the world. A.is;any country B.is;any other country C.are;the other countries D.are;any other countries 13.---What are you going to do this weekend? ---I together with my classmates_____going to climb Mount Qian.
主谓一致 杂。这是因为在不同情况下，处理这一问题所依据的原则各不相同。就其在现代语法中的基本原则而言，通常有三个不同角度的着眼点：1、语法一致2、意义一致3、就近原则。 主谓一致的原则是指，主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致：主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语亦采取复数形式。例如： A grammar book helps you learn something about the rules of a language. （主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式） 语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则。 Grammar books help you learn something about the rules of a language. （主语是复数形式，谓语也采取复数形式） 语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则。 主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致的问题远不只上述的那么简单，有许多方面的情况需要去具体地对待： 1. 不定式、动名词、以及从句作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。例如：Reading often means learning .读书常意味是学习。 To read English aloud every morning does you a lot of good.每天早晨朗读英语有许多好处。 What he said has been recorded .他说的话已被录音了。 2. 不定代词one, every, each, everybody, everyone, one of, no one, nothing, nobody, someone, somebody, either, neither, many a 等作主语或是修饰主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。例如： Neither of my sisters likes sports .我的妹妹中没人喜欢运动。 Many a student takes a walk on campus after dinner.许多学生晚饭后常在校园里散步。 Every boy and girl shows great interest in extra-curriculum activities .每个男孩和女孩对课外活动都表现出很大的兴趣。 3. 表示国家、机构、事件、作品等名称的专有名词作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。例如： One Thousand And One Nights tells people lots of mysterious bits of folklore . 《一千零一夜》给人们讲了许多神秘的民间传说。 The United States is leading the world in science and technology . 美国常在世界科技方面领先。 The United Nations play an important role in the international affairs . 联合国在国际事务中起着重要作用。 4. a portion, a series of, a kind of, the number of等与名词构成名词短语作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。例如： A series of high technology products has been laid out in the exhibition. 一