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主谓一致英语语法详细讲解

主谓一致

英语中,主语的单复数形式决定谓语动词的单复数形式。主谓一致必须遵循以下三条原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。根据这三条原则,现从以下几个方面进行总结:

一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致

1. 由and/both...and...连接的两个单数名词作主语时(两个冠词),谓语动词一般根据语法一致的原则用复数。

例如:A young man and a girl want to go there. 一个青年男子和一个姑娘想去那里。

【注意】如果在意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一个概念时(一个冠词),谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:①A needle and thread was found on the floor. 在地板上找到了针线(穿了线的针)。

②The teacher and writer is her friend.这个既是是教师又是作家的人是她的朋友。

2. 一个单数名词同时被and连接的两个不同的形容词修饰,表示两个不同的概念时,谓语动词用复数。

例如:Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying.

古代史和现代史是我们目前学习的课程。

【注意】如果在意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数。

例如:The last and most difficult lesson is lesson14. 14课是最后一课也是最难的一课。

3. 当each...and each...,every...and every...,no...and no...,many a...and many a...结构作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:①No man and no animal is to be found on the moon. 在月球上没发现人和动物。

②Many a doctor and many a nurse is busy with their work.

许多医生和护士都忙于他们的工作。

【注意1】Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, happy and wise.(习惯用语)【注意2】one and a half+复数名词+复数谓语动词

a(an)+单数名词and a half+单数谓语动词

4. 由not only A but also B,not A but B,neither A nor B,either A or B,whether A or B,A or B连接的并列主语和there be结构,谓语动词通常根据就近一致原则决定。

例如:①Either the players or the coach is responsible for the defeat.

不是运动员就是教练应该对这次比赛的失利负责。

②There are some bowls, plates and a spoon on it.

【注意1】由no A but B连接的并列主语,谓语动词通常根据A决定。

例如:No one in the department but Tom and I knows that the direct is going to resign.

【注意2】由nobody but B连接的并列主语,谓语动词通常根据nobody决定,用单数。

例如:Nobody but Susan knows the secret.

【注意3】由all but B连接的并列主语,谓语动词通常根据all决定,用复数。

例如:All but one were here just now.

【注意4】由no one except B连接的并列主语,谓语动词通常根据no one决定,用单数。例如:No one except John and Mike has passed the examination.

【总结】以上结构中,but和except属于介词,谓语动词有前面的主语确定。

【注意5】a(an)+单数名词+or two+单数谓语动词

one or two+复数名词+复数谓语动词

【注意6】There is one or two letters I would like to answer this evening.(就近一致)

5. 当主语由as well as,along with,together with,with;but,except,besides,in addition to, rather than;like,including,no less than(不少于,多达)等词连接时,其谓语动词的单复数形式通常由前面的词来决定。

例如:①An iron and steal works, with some satellite factories is to be built here.

在这里将建立一个钢铁厂和一些卫星厂。

②Tom, along with his friends, goes skating every Saturday.

每个星期六,汤姆和他的朋友们一起去滑冰。

二、百分数和分数作主语时的主谓一致

当百分数、分数后面加“of+名词或代词”时,根据这个名词或代词来决定其谓语动词的单复数形式。如果是复数名词或代词,谓语动词用复数;如果是单数名词(或不可数名词)或代词,谓语动词用单数。

例如:①Fifty percent of the students in our school are girls.

我们学校百分之五十的学生是女生。

②Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea. 地球表面的四分之三是海洋。

三、不定代词作主语时的主谓一致

1. 不定代词each,one,another,the other,either,neither (+of 名词/代词)和由some,any,no,every+one或thing构成的复合代词(即someone, somebody, something; anyone, anybody, anything; no one, nobody, nothing; everyone, everything, everything)作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:①Neither of us has gone through regular training. 我们两个都没经过正规训练。

②Nobody wants to go there, does he? 没有人想去那里,是吧?

③Something has been done to end the strike. 已经采取措施制止罢工了。

2. little, much作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:Little has been done to prevent the air from being polluted. Much has been done to fight against pollution.

3. none作主语时,谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数,这要取决于说话人的看法。

例如:①None of us seem to have thought of it. 似乎我们全都没有想到这一点.

②None of us has got a camera. (None = Not a single one) 我们都没有照相机.

4. any+of 复数名词作主语时,谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数。

例如:If any of your friends is/are interested in it, let me know.

如果你朋友中有人对此感兴趣,请告诉我。

5. both, (a) few, many, several(+of 复数名词)作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。

例如:Both (of) the instruments are not precise ones. 这两种仪器并不都是精密仪器.

6. all作主语时,根据意义一致原则,表示人时,谓语动词用复数;表示物时,谓语动词用单数。

例如:①All is well that ends well. 结果好一切都好。

②All are eager to reach an agreement. 大家都急于达成一项协议。

四、表示“全体”,“部分”等意义的词作主语时的主谓一致

当主语是some, half, such, most, the rest, the last, the remainder等时,其谓语一般应遵循意义一致的原则。如果其后有“of+名词/代词”,of后面的名词是单数,则用单数;如果of 后面的名词表示复数,则用复数。

例如:①Three of us will go, the rest are to stay here. 我们中的三个人去,其余的人留在这里。

②After the big fire, the remainder is nothing. 大火之后什么也没剩下。

五、“the+形容词/过去分词”作主语时的主谓一致

当“the +形容词/过去分词”表示一类人或事物时,谓语动词用复数;如果指某一抽象概念时,谓语动词则用单数。

例如:①The sick here are very well cared for. 这里的病人都被照顾得很好。

②The true is to be distinguished from the false. 真实与虚假应加以区别。

【注意】姓氏名词用复数且前面加上定冠词时,表示一家人或一对夫妇,作主语时,谓语用复数。

例如:The Zhous live upstairs. 姓周的那家住在楼上。

The Smiths prefer sending e-mails to writing letters, because it is faster.

六、形式为复数,意义为单数的名词作主语时的主谓一致

1. 表示时间、距离、金额、重量、计量、空间、体积等意义的复数名词作主语,谓语动词常用单数形式。

例如:①Eight hours of sleep is enough. 八小时的睡眠足够了。

②Ten pounds was missing from the till. 钱柜里的10英镑不见了。

【注意】More than two weeks has passed already.

2. 以数字作主语的词或短语,有时可以看成一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:Thirty-six from forty-five leaves nine. 四十五减去三十六等于九。

【注意】两数相加或两数相乘,谓语动词既可用单数形式也可用复数形式。

例如:Six times seven are / is forty-two. 六乘以七等于四十二。

3. 主语为以-ics结尾的学科名称时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。

例如:Politics is often a topic for discussion among us. 政治常常是我们讨论的话题。

4. 以-s结尾的专有名词(如news, the United States, the United Nations等名称)作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:New York Times has a wide circulation. 《纽约时报》的销路很广。

The United States has not intervened currency market since 2000.

美国自2000年以后就没有干预货币市场了。

5. 群岛,山脉,瀑布等专有名词,如the Alps, the Philippines, Niagara Falls等作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。

例如:Niagara Falls are a splendid scene. 尼亚加拉瀑布是一个壮丽的景象。

6. 一些形式为复数,表示成双或多多益善的意思,但实际上意思为单数的名词,如trousers, pants, shorts, socks, shoes, clothes;glasses, chopsticks, scissors;goods, remains, ruins, congratulations, cheers等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。

例如:Her glasses are new. 她的眼镜是新的.

【注意】当这类名词前有a pair of/ two pairs of/ a kind of/ a series of等数量词修饰时,谓语动词根据数量词确定单复数。

例如:This pair of scissors is made in Hangzhou. 这把剪刀是杭州制造的。

Two pairs of pants are sold this morning.

7. 单复数同形,如means, plastics, works(工厂), sheep, species, Chinese, Japanese等作主语时,谓语动词根据意义可以用单数和复数形式。

8. 名词所有格之后的名词被省略,这种情况一般只指商店、工厂、住宅、教堂、诊所等,作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

例如:Richardson’s has a lot of imported goods to sell. 理查德的店里有许多进口的商品。

七、the number of, many a ... 等作主语时的主谓一致

1. the number of +复数名词(……的数目)作主语时,谓语动词用单数;而a number of +复数名词/ numbers of +复数名词(许多……)作主语时,谓语动词用复数。

例如:The number of mistakes is surprising. 错误之多是惊人的。

2. the amount of ... (……的数目)作主语时,谓语动词用单数;an amount of +不可数名词+不可数名词(许多……)作主语时,谓语动词用单数;amounts of +不可数名词(许多……)作主语时,谓语动词用复数。

3. the quantity/collection/supply of... (……的数目)作主语时,谓语动词用单数;a quantity/collection/supply of +可数名词/不可数名词(许多/堆/大量……),谓语动词用复数/单数;quantities/collections/supplies of +可数名词/不可数名词(许多/堆/大量……),谓语动词用复数。

4. a variety of+复数名词(许多……),谓语动词用复数;varieties of+复数名词(许多……),谓语动词用复数。

【注意】a variety of+单数名词,谓语动词用单数,此时的意思是“一种,一类”,而不是“许多”。

5. a lot of/lots of/a heap of/ heaps of/ plenty of+可数名词/不可数名词,谓语动词根据名词的单复数来决定用单数或复数。

6. the majority of ... (绝大多数的) 作主语时,谓语动词用复数。

例如:The majority of doctors believe smoking is harmful to health.

7. many a, more than one+单数名词构成的短语,尽管意义上是复数,但是谓语动词仍用单数形式。

例如:Many a comrade has that kind of opportunity. 很多同志都有那种机遇。

8. a great deal of/much+不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。

9. a good many/many+复数名词,谓语动词用复数。

八、集体名词作主语时的主谓一致

1. 有生命的词,如cattle, police, people, youth, militia(民兵), deer等作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。

例如:The police are investigating the crime. 警察正在调查这次犯罪活动。

2. 无生命的词,如foliage(叶子), machinery (机械), merchandise (商品,货物), jewellery, furniture, clothing等作主语时表统称,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:All the machinery in the factory is made in China.这家工厂的全部机器是中国制造的. 3. town, school, village, population, family, team, group, class, government, nation, club, company, party, audience, crew(全体船员), committee(委员会), mankind, public, crowd, enemy, couple等作主语时,如果指一个整体,此时可用the 或加形容词whole修饰,谓语动词用单数;如果指全体中的每一个成员则用复数形式。

例如:①The whole school were / was sorry when she left. 她离开时,全校师生都很伤心。

②The whole town is / are in agreement about the plan. 全体镇民都同意这项计划。

③The football team is being recognized. (他们)正在重建这个足球队.

④The football team are having baths and then they are coming back here for tea.

足球队员们正在洗澡,然后他们会回到这里来喝茶.

九、“one of +复数名词+定语从句”结构中的主谓一致

1. 在“one of +复数名词+定语从句”结构中,定语从句中谓语动词的单复数应由它修饰的先行词的数来决定。

例如:This is one of the rooms that were damaged in the fire.这是那次大火烧毁的房间之一. 2. 在“the (only/just/very) one of +复数名词+定语从句”结构中,定语从句的谓语动词应用单数形式。

例如:Mary is the only one of the youngest girls who plays in the band.

玛丽是参加乐队伴奏的最年轻的姑娘.

十、从句、动词不定式和-ing形式作主语时的主谓一致

1. 在“主系表”结构中,如果以what从句作主语,表语又是单数,主句的谓语动词一般用单数;如果表语是复数,主句的谓语动词一般用复数;动词不定式,动词-ing形式作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。

例如:①What caused the accident is a complete mystery. 事故是由什么引起的完全是个谜。

②What his father left him are a few English books.

他父亲留给他的只是几本英语书而已。

③To learn English well is difficult. 学好英语是困难的。

2. 当what从句具有两个或两个以上的动词,是表示复数意义的并列结构时,主句中的谓语动词多用复数形式。

例如:What I say and think are none of your business. 我说的和我想的都与你无关。

3. 以who, why, how, whether或that引导的从句作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。

例如:Why she did this is not known. 她为什么做这件事还不清楚。

【注意1】由how and why, when and where引导的从句作主语时,谓语动词仍用单数形式。例如:How and why he had come to Princeton New Jersey is a story of struggle, success and sadness. 他为什么以及怎样来到新泽西普林斯顿是一个充满着斗争,成功和悲哀的故事。【注意2】由how to do A and why to do B, when to do A and where to do B引导的从句作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。

例如:Where to find the teacher and where to do the experiment are not known.

4. and连接的两个名词性从句作主语,如果表示两件事情,其谓语动词常用复数形式。

例如:What caused the accident and who was responsible for it remain a mystery to us.

造成事故的原因是什么,谁应对事故负责,对我们来说还是一个谜。

主谓一致用法详细讲解40例

高三英语主谓一致40例详细讲解 江苏沛县新华中学李守明 1.果and所连接的两个名词指同一人物、同一事物、同一概念时,谓语动词要用单数形式。 例如: Both bread and butter were sold out in that grocery. 那家食品炸货店出售面包和黄油。Zhang Hua and Li Ming are good students. (指不同的人) 张华和李明是好学生。 The writer and poet has 由and和both…and…连接两个名词或代词作主语时,一般情况下谓语动词用复数形式。但是如come. (指同一个人) 那位作家兼诗人来了。 Husband and wife forms a family. 夫妻组成家庭。 注意:当两个主语为不可分的东西时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如: A watch and chain was found on the desk. 桌子上发现了有表链的表。 Bread and butter is nutritious. 奶油面包有营养。 War and peace is a constant theme in history . 战争与和平是历史上一个永恒的主题。2. 由every…and every…, each…and each…, many a…and many a …, no ...and no…等构 成复合主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如: Each man and each woman is invited.每个男人和女人都邀请了。 No boy and no girl is there now. 现在那里没有一个男孩和女孩。 Many a boy and many a girl has been invited.很多男孩和女孩都被邀请了。 In China every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. 在中国每个男孩和女孩都有接受教育的权利。 3. 由or, not only... but also..., not…but…, either...or, neither...nor,whether……or……连接 主语时,谓语与靠近的主语一致,即就近一致的原则。例如: He or his brothers were to blame .应该怪他或他的弟兄们。 Either you or I am mad. 要么是你要么是我疯了。 Neither you nor he is right. 你和它都不对。 Not only the teacher but also his family were friendly to me. 不仅老师,而且他的家人都对我很友好。 4. 当主语后跟有with, along with, together with, besides, except, like, including, in addition to, as well as, rather than等词时,谓语动词根据前面的主语变化。例如: All but one were here just now. 除了一个,刚才其他所有的(人)都在这里。 A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation. 有着五千本书的一个图书馆提供给了国家。 She as well as the other teachers is going t o Nanjing. 她和其他老师都要去南京。 A farmer together with some workers is about to help us. 一个农民和几个工人即将来帮助我们。 5. 某些词结尾字母为s, 但并不是复数形式,如: physics, maths , economics (经济学), politics, news…作主语时用单数形式。means, works(著作)单复同形。例如: Physics is very important. 物理是很重要的。 Every means has been tried.每一种方法都已经试过了。 Every possible means has been used to prevent air pollution ,but the sky is still not clear .

主谓一致语法及考点讲解 附练习题和详解

语法讲解:主谓一致 在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律,大致可归纳为三个原则,即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。考点1:对语法一致原则的考查 语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。 1. 主语是单数名词时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:His father is working on the farm. Two students are waiting for you in your office. The children were in the classroom two hours ago. 考点2:对语法附加原则的考查 主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with,together with,except,but,like,as well as,rather than,more than,no less than,besides,including等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。 如:Mr. Green,together with his wife and children,has come to China. Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. Jack as well as his friends is ready to help you. She,like you and Tom,is very tall. 考点3:对整体原则的考查 主语从句、不定式短语、动名词短语以及表示时间、金钱、距离等量度的词作主语时,视为整体看待,谓语动词常用单数形式。 例如:To study English well is not easy. Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. What he said is very important for us all. Five dollars is enough. 注意:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。 例如:What I bought was a book. What we badly need are good teachers.

主谓一致语法总结

主谓一致语法总结 语言是表达思想的工具,正确的语法是语言正确使用的基础。主谓一致是语言中的重要点之一,也是被考查最多的语法知识。因此,对于学习语言的人来说,掌握主谓一致的文法知识是非常重要的。 主谓一致是指主语和谓语的语法形式应保持一致,使句子的意思表达得清楚。主谓一致的规则包括第三人称单数、现在分词形式、过去分词形式。 一、第三人称单数 第三人称单数是指一个句子中的主要动作是一个人或一件事物,而其称谓是第三人称单数形式时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式来表达。例如:He usually goes to school on time。(他通常按时去上学) 二、现在分词形式 现在分词形式是指一个句子中的主语是表示主动的行为时,谓语动词要用现在分词形式来表达。例如:He is playing basketball.(他正在打篮球) 三、过去分词形式 过去分词形式是指一个句子中主语既可以表示主动又可以表示 被动时,谓语动词要用过去分词形式来表达。例如:The house is built by him.(这座房子是由他建造的) 以上就是主谓一致的语法总结,在学习语言的过程中,掌握主谓一致的文法知识对我们更好的使用语言是非常重要的。学习语言的人

要多掌握主谓一致的知识,加深对主谓一致的理解和应用,掌握这些可以让我们更好的表达语言。 然而,学习语言也不是一朝一夕就可以掌握的,需要我们不断地努力和练习。首先,我们可以多读一些语言材料,多练习写作;其次,学好基本语法知识,把基本语法熟练掌握;最后,练习主谓一致,有意识的考察自己的句子是否正确,及时纠错。 总之,要想掌握好语言,需要具备一定的英语基础知识,并结合实际练习才能达到最好的效果。只有多掌握知识,熟练掌握文法,把所学到的知识运用到实际生活中,才能掌握好语言。

主谓一致最全面讲解

主谓一致最全面讲解 主谓一致(concord),是指主语和谓语动词要保持人称和数上的一致。英语中动词be的变化形式最多,如I am,You are,He is,We are等。主语I一定要用am的动词形式,这就叫“主谓一致”。 一、主谓一致的三个原则 主谓一致涉及三个基本原则,即语法一致原则(principle of grammatical concord)、意义一致原则(principle of notional concord)和就近一致原则(principle of proximity)。 A. 语法一致 语法一致是指主语和谓语在单复数形式上的一致关系,主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;反之,谓语动词用复数形式。 My child has no intention of spending a vacation with me. 我的孩子不想与我一起度假。 My children have no intention of spending a vacation with me. 我的孩子们不想与我一起度假。 B. 意义一致 意义一致是说谓语动词的单、复数要取决于主语所表达的概念,而不取决于表面上的语法标记。 1. 主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。 The only people who are interested in the book seem to be lawyers. 唯一对这本书感兴趣的人好像是律师。 The majority of primary school teachers are women. 大多数

小学老师都是女的。 2. 主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。 Billiards is becoming more and more popular in some cities. 桌球在一些城市里越来越受欢迎。 C. 就近一致 就近一致是指当主语由两个或两个以上名词或代词组成时,谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数一致。 There is a square table and some chairs in the center of the dining-room. 餐厅中央有一张方桌和几把椅子。 Either your students or William knows this. 不是你的学生就是威廉知道这件事。 注意: 一般说来,究竟何时采用何种原则,应视英语习惯用法而定。但在实际使用中,如果对上述三种原则捉摸不定,遵循语法一致的原则是一种比较稳妥的方法。 二、并列主语的主谓一致 A. 由and 连接的并列主语 1. 用and(或both... and)连接并列主语时,谓语动词通常用复数。 A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 榔头和锯子都是有用的工具。 Both industry and agriculture have been greatly developed these years. 这几年工农业大大地发展了。 ①当and连接的两个名词是指组合到一起的一件完整的或成套的东西,或表示同一个人或一种概念时,谓语动词要用单数形式。

主谓一致语法详解

英语中的一致主要包括主语和谓语在人称和数上的一致、时态一致、名词和其代词的一致。主语和谓语保持一致叫主谓一致,即谓语动词的形式必须随着主语单、复数形式的变化而变化。 主谓一致原则: 1、语法上的一致 所谓语法一致原则,即主语和谓语的语法形式在人称和数上取得一致。 谓语的单、复数形式依据主语的单、复数形式而定:主语为复数,谓语动词用复数;主语为单数或者是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。 China belongs to the Third World. 中国属于第三世界。 We are sure he will come. 我们肯定他会来。 使用语法一致的情况 (1)当主语是and,both…and连接的并列结构 如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物,则谓语动词用复数。 My mother and I have seen the film. 我妈妈和我已看过这部电影。 Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China. 在中国的这个地方既种稻子又种小麦。 注意:由and连接的并列主语前面分别有each,every,no修饰时,其谓语动词用单数形式。Every boy and every girl has to receive education in our country. 在我国每一个男女孩子都得受教育。 No student and no teacher was invited to the party. 师生没有被邀请参加晚会。 (2)主语后面接说明主语的修饰语 主语后面接说明主语的修饰语如: with,along with,together with,as well as,like,rather than,but,except,besides,including,in addition to, 谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响,仍保持同主语一致的关系。 The teacher with two students was at the meeting. 那位老师和两个学生参加了会议。 The girl as well as the boys has learned to drive a car. 这个姑娘和男孩子一道,也学会了开汽车。 A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift.一个有5000册书的图书馆作为礼物赠送给了国家。 E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing an important part in daily communication.电邮和电话在日常的通信中起着很重要的作用。 Nobody but Jane knows the secret.只有简知道这个秘密。 All but one were here just now. 刚才除了一个人外都来了。 (3)非谓语动词或从句作主语 非谓语动词(动词的-ing形式、不定式)或从句作主语时,谓语一般用单数形式。 When and where to build the new factory is not decided yet.什么时候在什么地方建新工厂还没定下来。 Checking information is very important. 核实事实是非常重要的。 To learn foreign languages is not easy. 学习外语并非易事。 When we will hold the meeting is not decided yet. 我们何时开会尚未决定。 注意:当what引导主语从句或由and连接两个动词不定式或动名词作主语时,谓语动词的数应根据意义一致的原则来决定。 What we need here is money.我们这里需要的是资金。 What we need here are workers.我们这里需要的是工人。 Lying and stealing are immoral.说谎与偷窃是不道德的。

初中英语语法之主谓一致讲解

初中英语语法之主谓一致讲解 考点名称:主谓一致 主谓一致的概念: 谓语的数必须和主语的人称和数保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。 主谓一致的基本原则: 1)语法一致原则,即在语法形式上取得一致。例如,主语是单数形式,谓语动词也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词也采取复数形式。 例如:The students are very young. This picture looks beautiful. 2)意义一致原则,即从意义着眼处理一致关系。例如,主语形式虽是单数但意义是复数,谓语动词也采取复数形式; 而有些主语形式虽是复数但意义上看作单数,谓语动词也采取单数形式。 例如:The people in that country are fighting for independence. The crowd deeply respect their leader. Three years in a strange land seems a long time. 3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单数或复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。 例如:Neither hen or I am going to see the film tonight because we are busy. 几对容易混淆词组的一致用法: 1、由“this/thatkind/typeof+名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数形式;而由'these/thosekind/typeof+复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。 例如:This kind of apples is highly priced. Those kind(s) of tests are good. 2、由“a number of,a totalo f,an average of+复数名词”作

英语中主谓一致全解析

主谓一致 汉语中没有谓语动词的变化,所以主谓一致也是困扰英语学习者的一大难题。主谓一致的考察在改错及语法填空中比较多。在作文方面也起着至关重要的作用,用错会导致文章质量大幅下降。 一概念:主语的人称和数决定谓语动词的形式。 1)与人称保持一致 eg. You are friendly and I am friendly, too. But he is very rude. 2) 与数保持一致①意义一致原则 三大原则②形式一致原则 ③邻近一致原则 二意义一致原则(必须分析主语是单数还是复数,可数还是不可数,走进句子语境去判断) 1)有and 连接的主语,要准确判断是否为同一人、同一物、一个整体 eg. This bread and butter is too thick. eg. Your colleague and former college friend is coming to our home tomorrow. eg. Thete is a knife and fork on the table. eg. The singer and the dancer is talking over there. 表示整体概念的还有:a cart and horse, the needle and thread, a cup and saucer, cause and effect, supply and demand, pen and ink 等等 2)非谓语动词或者名词性从句做主语,往往表示一种抽象的概念 eg. Driving cars is not easy. eg. To say something is one thing, to do is another. 练一练: What caused the fire and how much the lost was still unknown. (be) 3)表时间、距离、金钱、重量等的复数名词,要从语境看是强调整体还是强调一个个的个 eg. The minutes is enough. There are ten minute left. 练一练: A survey shows that three hours of outdoor exercise good for our health.(be) 4)集体名词做主语时,要判断是作为一个整体,还指群体中的个体 常见集体名词:family, class, team, police, government, enemy, population, majority, public, audience eg. The population of Jiangsu has grown to more than twice what it was in 1949. eg. My family is a large one.

主谓一致详解

哪些结构作主语采用就远原则 当用作主语的成分后面跟有由but, except, besides, including, like, with, as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, in addition to, combined with, rather than, together with等引出的短语时,谓语动词习惯上要与这些结构前面的主语保持一致(即与比较远的那个主语保持一致,简称“就远原则”)。如: Everybody except you is down on me. 除了你,大家都看不起我。 A woman with two children has come. 一位妇女带着两个孩子已经来了。 John, rather than his roommates, is to blame. 约翰,而不是他的室友,应该受到责备。 Jim, together with his classmates, has seen the film. 吉姆和他的同学都看过这部电影。 My father, no less than I, is a base-ball fan. 我的父亲不亚于我也是个棒球迷。 The son, as well as his parents, wants to go there. 不但儿子想去那儿,而且他的父母也想去。 The teacher, as well as the students, is interested in the activity. 老师也和同学们一样对这项活动有兴趣。 哪些结构作主语采用就近原则 由or, either…or, neither…or, not…but…, not only…but also等连接的并列成分作主语时,其谓语通常要与靠近的主语保持一致。如: He or I am in the wrong, 他或是我错了。 Neither you nor he is tired. 你和他都没累。 Not you but I am to blame. 不该怪你而该怪我。 Either my father or my brothers are coming. 不是我父亲就是我兄弟要来。 Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film. 不仅学生们在欣赏这部影片,他们的老师也在欣赏这部影片。 但在非正式文体中,有时也一律用复数谓语(注:在考试时最好避免使用)。如: Neither Ted nor Mark are wrong. 特德和马克都没有错。 If either David or Janet come, they will want a drink. 大卫或珍妮特来了的话,是会要喝酒的。 a large amount of作主语的主谓一致

(完整版)英语语法主谓一致

主一致 1.主一致是指英中在人称、数及意方面要与作主的名或代一致。 2.主一致分法一致、意一致、就近一致。 (1)法一致原:主和在法形式上保持一致。主数,用数;主复数,用复数。 I often help him and he often helps me. (2)意一致原:主和在意上复数一致。主数,用数;主复数,用复数。 The police are searching the woods for the murderer. (3)就近素来原:当主有两个或两个以上,由凑近它的主确定。并列主的一致 1.And (1)两个数名用and 接,表示不同样看法,用复数。 Tom and Jack are close friends. (2)两个数名用 and 接,表示同一歌人、同一个物,同一个看法,或表示不可以切割的整体, 用数。 The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party. (3)被 every, each, many a, no 等限制的数名由 and 接,仍用数,其中,后一个限制可以省略。 every ⋯⋯ and ⋯⋯ every,each⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ each,no⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ no, many a⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ many a。 Each boy and (each) girl has an apple. (4)一个数名被几个用 and 接的并列形容修,可以指一件事或几件事,种名作主,要依照 意一致的原决定复数。 (5)由 and 接的两个what 的从句作主,要依照意一致的原决定复数 What he says and does do not agree.(言不衷心致) What he says and does does not concern me. 2.由 either or, neither nor, not but, not only but also,or, nor接的并列主,常和近 的主一致。 Either Tom or I is going there. 3、“ with/along with/together with/as well as/as much as/expect/besides/including/rather than/but/ 等+名” 构,复数不受些影响。 You father as well as you is very kind to me, 某些名作主的主一致 1.会集名 (1)表示整体看法,一致性,用数形式;每一个成,用复数。 如: family , company, committee, government, nation,

主谓一致语法总结

主谓一致语法总结 主谓一致语法总结 在英语中,主谓一致是一项非常重要的语法规则。以下是一些常见情况和相应的规则。 1.就近原则:在not only…but also。not…but。neither…nor。either…or。there be…句型中,谓语动词由相邻 的主语来确定。 例如: Not only they but also I am going to collect money for the Hope Project. Either you or Jack is about to take the place of the manager. 2.集合名词做主语时,谓语用复数;指团体,组织时,谓 语用单数。常见的集合名词包括class。team。group。family。audience。government。company。crowd。public。enemy。XXX等。

例如: The class are busy working on the XXX. XXX one in the 25th Olympic Games. 3.当两个名词用with。together with。as well as。rather than。more than。but。except。besides,along with。including。like等连接起来做主语时,谓语动词与前面的主语一致。 例如: Jackie。with his parents。intends to set out for Europe on business next week. The son。rather than his parents。XXX. 4.当each。neither。either以及由every。any。no。some 与one。body。thing构成的不定代词做主语时,谓语动词用单数。 例如: Each of the girls is fond of pop music in her class.

英语语法主谓一致

英语语法主谓一致 第一讲主谓一致 “一致”(Concord 或Agreement)是指句子成分之间词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。主要有主语与动词的一致,主语与补语的一致,限定词与名词中心词的一致,人称代词与并列和非并列先行词的一致,名词与名词或代词的一致。“主谓一致”是指主语和谓语动词之间在人称和数的方面的一致关系,这又叫做“主——动一致”(Subject——verb Concord)。 1. 主谓一致三原则 主语和随后的动词(词组),即谓语动词之间的一致关系常为三种不同的原则所支配,即语法一致原则(Grammar Concord),意义一致原则(Notional Concord)和就近原则(Principle of Proximity)。 1.1 语法一致 指作主语的名词中心词是复数,动词就用复数形式;如果名词中心词是单数名词或不可数名词,动词就用单数形式。例如:Both boys have their own merits. In my heart are peace and goodwill. The elevator works very well. Much effort is wasted. 1.2 意义∕概念一直 指主语和动词的一致关系并非取决于语法上的单、复数形式,而是取决于主语的单、复数意义。有时主语在语法形式上并非复数,但有复数意义,随后的动词就用复数;主语在语法形式上是复数,而在意义上可视为单数,随后的动词用单数。例如:The jury has asked more time. The jury are unable to agree. Fifty minutes isn’t enough time to finish this test. “ Senior citizens” means people over sixty. 1.3 就近原则

语法讲解-主谓一致

语法讲解:主谓一致 篇一:主谓一致英语语法详细讲解 主谓一致 英语中,主语的单复数形式决定谓语动词的单复数形式。主谓一致必须遵循以下三条原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。根据这三条原则,现从以下几个方面进行总结: 一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1. 由and/both...and...连接的两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词一般根据语法一致的原则用复数。 例如:A young man and a girl want to go there. 一个青年男子和一个姑娘想去那里。 注意如果在意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一个概念时(一个冠词),谓语动词用单数形式。 例如:① A needle and thread was found on the floor. 在地板上找到了针线(穿了线的针)。 ②这个既是是教师又是作家的人是她的朋友。 2. 一个单数名词同时被and连接的两个不同的形容词修饰,表示两个不同的概念时,谓语动词用复数。 例如:Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying. 古代史和现代史是我们目前学习的课程。

注意如果在意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数。 例如:The last and most difficult lesson is lesson14. 14课是最后一课也是最难的一课。 3. 当each...and each...,every...and every...,no...and no...,many a...and many a...结构作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 例如:① No man and no animal is to be found on the moon. 在月球上没发现人和动物。② Many a doctor and many a nurse is busy with their work. 许多医生和护士都忙于他们的工作。 注意1Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, happy and wise.(习惯用语) 注意2one and a half+复数名词+复数谓语动词 a(an)+单数名词and a half+4. 由not only A but also B,not A but B,neither A nor B,either A or B,whether A or B,A or B连接的并列主语和there be结构,谓语动词通常根据就近一致原则决定。 例如:① Either the players or the coach is responsible for the defeat. 不是运动员就是教练应该对这次比赛的失利负责。 ② There are some bowls, plates and a spoon on it.

主谓一致详解

主谓一致 majority作主语时的主谓一致问题 1. the majority表示“大多数”时,为集合名词;单独用作主语时,如果强调整体,谓语动词用单数形式;如果强调个体,谓语动词用复数形式。如: The majority agree [agrees] with me. 大多数人同意我的意见。 The majority was [were] in favour of the proposal. 多数人赞成这个建议。 但是若单独用的the majority后跟有复数表语,则谓语通常要用复数。如: The majority are young people. 大多数是年轻人。 2. “the majority of+复数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数,但偶尔也可用单数。如: The majority of his books are kept upstairs. 他的大部分书藏在楼上。 The majority of people realize the importance of limiting population growth. 大多数人意识到了限制人口的重要性。 The majority of students were [was] indifferent to the political meeting. 大多数学生对政治集会漠不关心。 3. “the majority of+集合名词”用作主语时,谓语动词可用单数(视为整体)或复数(考虑其个体)。如: The vast majority of the population lives [live] in utter misery. 这里的绝大多数人生活在极度贫困之中。 4. “the majority of+不可数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词总是用单数。如: The majority of the work has been finished. 大部分工作已完成。 The majority of the damage is easy to repair. 这次的损害大部分容易补救。 注:按传统语法,the majority of只用于修饰可数名词复数或具有复数意义的集合名词,但在现代英语中也可用于修饰不可数名词。 5. “a majority of+复数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数。如: A majority of visitors have arrived. 大多数参观者已经到了。 A clear majority of voters were in favour of the motion. 绝大多数选民赞成这一动议。 A majority of people seem to prefer TV to radio. 大部分人似乎喜欢看电视而不喜欢听收音机。 jewel和jewellery作主语时的主谓一致问题 1. jewel有两个意思是,一是表示“宝石”,为可数名词,用作主语时,其后谓语动词的数由jewel的数决定(即jewel为单数,谓语动词用单数;jewel为复数,谓语动词用复数);二是表示“(镶有宝石的)首饰”,此时通常用复数形式,此时若用作主语,谓语动词通常用复数。如: A jewel has fell off her ring. 他的戒指掉了一颗宝石。 The jewels were her personal property. 这些首饰是她的私人财产。

主谓一致用法详解及练习题-附答案

.主谓一致 主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。英语主谓一致一般要遵循三条原则,即:语法一致原则;意义一致原则和就近原则。 1。语法一致原则 语法一致原则是指谓语动词和它的主语在语法形式上必须取得一致,即主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式,如: Tom doesn't like swimming。汤姆不喜欢游泳. Jane and Mary look alike。简和玛丽看起来很像. 2.意义一致原则 意义一致原则是指谓语动词和主语的一致,同由主语所表达的单数概念来决定,而不是根据主语的实际语法形式。 有时主语的语法形式是单数,但所表达的概念是复数意义,这时动词应采用复数形式,如: The football team are having breakfast now。足球队员们在吃早饭. The news was exciting。这条消息令人振奋。 3。就近原则 就近原则指谓语动词的人称和数要在形式上与最靠近它的那个名词或代词取得一致。当一个句子有两个主语而它们又是either。。。or…,neither…nor…, not only…but also…, or 等连接时,谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致,如:Either your students or Mr Wang knows this。你的学生们或王老师知道这件事。 Neither Jim nor his friends were interested in this film. 汤姆和他的朋友们都对这部电影不感兴趣。 主谓一致这三个原则中有很多需要注意的问题, 1.主语为集体名词 (1)某些集体名词既可表示单数也可表示复数。如果集体名词作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,如果就其中一个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式,如: Our group were discussing heatedly on the subject. 我们小组成员正对这个问题进行热烈的讨论。(group 指小组成员)Our group is made up of four girls and five boys。我们小组有4个女孩和5个男孩组成.(group 指小组整体) The population in China is very large, and one third of the population are farmers。 中国的人口很多,其中三分之一是农民。(前一个population 指整体,后一个population 指成员) (2)某些集体名词如people,police,cattle, youth 等常作复数看待,谓语动词与复数形式的谓语搭配,如: The police are searching for him. 警察正在搜寻他. The cattle were driven away from the hill. 那些牲畜从山上被赶走了。 3。某些名词如equipment(设备),furniture(家具),jewelry(珠宝),clothing(衣服),machinery(机械),表示单数概念,谓语动词要相应地采用单数形式,如: A lot of equipment has been replaced by the new equipment。许多旧设备已经被新设备代替了。 All the machinery in the factory was controlled by robots。这个厂所有的机械都由机器人来控制的。 2。主语为代词 (1).有些代词尽管意义上是多数,但谓语动词要用单数形式,这类代词有:either, neither, each,another, somebody, someone,something, anything, anyone, everyone, everything,everybody, no one, nothing,nobody 等,如:Neither likes the friends of the other. 两人都不喜欢对方的朋友. Everything around us is matter。我们周围所有的东西都是物质. 注意: ①在neither of 与either of 的结构中,谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复数形式,如: Neither of them was / were in good health, but both worked hard。 他们俩身体都不好,但工作却都很努力。 ②each 用于单数名词前,谓语动词用单数形式,each 用于复数主语后,谓语动词用复数形式。each of, each one of 后 接复数名词或代词,但谓语动词常用单数形式。 Each (one) of the houses was different. 每座房子都不同。 Each student has been given their own e-mail address. 每个学生都得到了一个自己的电子邮件地址。

英语语法主谓一致解析

英语语法主谓一致解析 英语语法主谓一致解析 主谓一致指的是谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语保持一致。处理主谓一致问题,可依据三项原则:语法上一致、意义上一致和就近一致。以下是店铺整理的英语语法主谓一致解析,欢迎阅读! 主谓一致是指: 1) 语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2) 意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3) 就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语, 一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数。例如: There is much water in the thermos. 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的'复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。例如: Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. 15.1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,例如: Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。 注意:当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如: The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。 典型例题 The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were 答案B. 注:先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除A.,C。本题易误选D,因为The League secretary and

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