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英语语法之主谓一致

主谓一致

主谓一致是指:1)语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致;2)意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致;3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语。一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数,但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。

一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致

并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,但是当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。同时,如果and连接的两个单数名词前若用each,every,no修饰,该名词短语作主语时,谓语动词也要用单数形式。

e.g. I) To mean to do something and to actually do something are two separate things.

想干一件事和真干一件事是两回事。

II) The food and the textile industry depend mainly on agriculture for raw material.

粮食工业和纺织工业主要靠农业提供原料。

III) The iron and steel industry is very important to our national economy.

钢铁工业在国民经济中起重要作用。

IV) No book and on pencils found in the schoolbag.

书包里没有书和钢笔。

二、主谓一致中的就近原则

1.当there be句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。

e.g. I) There is a teacher and some students in the classroom.

教室里有一名老师和一些学生。

II) There are four books and a pencil box in his bag.

在他的包里有四本书和一个铅笔盒。

2.当either… or… 与neither… nor,连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。

e.g. I) Either he or his children are to take part in the party.

不是他就是他的孩子们来参加这个晚会。

II) Neither my wife nor I am to persuade my daughter to change her mind.

我和我爱人都没法说服我的女儿改变主意。

III) Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.

这儿有一支笔,几个信封和一些纸给你。

三、谓语动词与主语的一致

在主语是单数的情况下,如果主语后面跟有with,together with,like,except,but,no less than,as well as 等词引起的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语一致,即谓语动词仍用单数。

e.g. I) An expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help in this work.

一位专家和几位助手被派去协助这项工作。

II) Justice, as well as the law, demands that these criminals be severely punished.

法律和正义都要求严惩这些犯罪分子。

III) No one except his two daughters is interested in the program.

除了他的两个女儿之外没有人对这个节目感兴趣。

四、在下列情形下谓语需要用单数

1.代词each和由every,some,no,any等构成的复合代词作主语,或主语中含有each,every时,谓语需用单数。

e.g. I) Each of us has something to say.

II) Any of these books is helpful in your English study.

2.当主语是一本书或一条格言时,谓语动词常用单数。

e.g. Little Women is a book known to lovers of English.

3.表示金钱,时间,价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数(用复数也可,意思不变。)。

e.g. I) Two days was allowed for making the necessary preparations.

II) Ten million dollars is not a small amount.

五、由指代意义决定的谓语单复数

1.代词what,which,who,none,some,more,most,all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。

e.g. I) Which is your book?

Which are your books?

II) None of the books are easy enough for us.

None of this worries me.

2.集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后用复数形式时,意为这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时表示该个集体。

e.g. I) The committee meets twice a month. 委员会一月开两次会。

The committee are divided in opinion. 委员们意见有分歧。

II) The audience was enormous. 观众人很多。

The audience were greatly moved at the words. 听了这话听众都很感动。

3.有些名词,如variety,number,population,proportion 等有时看作单数,有时看作复数。

e.g. I) What is the population of Europe? 欧洲人口有多少?

One third of the population here are workers. 这里三分之一的人口是工人。

II) A number of students have passed the exam. 很多学生通过这次考试。

The number of students in this college has increased a lot.

这个学院的学生人数大大增加了。

六、与后接名词或代词的一致

1. 用half of, part of, most of, a portion of 等词引起主语时,动词通常与of后面的名词,代词保持一致。

e.g. Most of his money is spent on his daily necessities.

Most of the students have passed the exam.

2.在一些短语,如many a 或more than one 所修饰的词作主语时,谓语动词多用单

数形式。

e.g. I) Many a person has ever seen this movie.

II) More than one person has had that kind of experience.

英语语法之主谓一致

主谓一致 主谓一致是指:1)语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致;2)意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致;3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语。一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数,但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。 一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,但是当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。同时,如果and连接的两个单数名词前若用each,every,no修饰,该名词短语作主语时,谓语动词也要用单数形式。 e.g. I) To mean to do something and to actually do something are two separate things. 想干一件事和真干一件事是两回事。 II) The food and the textile industry depend mainly on agriculture for raw material. 粮食工业和纺织工业主要靠农业提供原料。 III) The iron and steel industry is very important to our national economy. 钢铁工业在国民经济中起重要作用。 IV) No book and on pencils found in the schoolbag. 书包里没有书和钢笔。 二、主谓一致中的就近原则 1.当there be句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。 e.g. I) There is a teacher and some students in the classroom. 教室里有一名老师和一些学生。 II) There are four books and a pencil box in his bag. 在他的包里有四本书和一个铅笔盒。 2.当either… or… 与neither… nor,连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。 e.g. I) Either he or his children are to take part in the party. 不是他就是他的孩子们来参加这个晚会。 II) Neither my wife nor I am to persuade my daughter to change her mind. 我和我爱人都没法说服我的女儿改变主意。 III) Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 这儿有一支笔,几个信封和一些纸给你。 三、谓语动词与主语的一致 在主语是单数的情况下,如果主语后面跟有with,together with,like,except,but,no less than,as well as 等词引起的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语一致,即谓语动词仍用单数。 e.g. I) An expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help in this work. 一位专家和几位助手被派去协助这项工作。 II) Justice, as well as the law, demands that these criminals be severely punished.

英语语法主谓一致整理

主谓一致 主谓一致(Subject-Verb Concord)即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致,主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致,语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致,意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致,就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。 表里不一 主谓一致中的"表里不一"现象 1,"more than one +名词"作主语时,谓语动词常用单数.例如: More than one teacher gets the flowers. 不止一个教师得到了花. 2,"many a +名词"作主语时,从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词常用单数.例如:Many a student has been sent to plant trees. 很多学生被派去植树. 3,"half of ,the rest of ,most of ,all of及百分数或分数+of 等后接名词"作主语时,谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定.例如: Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water.地球表面四分之三为水所覆盖. 4,all指人时,动词用复数;all指物时,动词用单数.例如: "All are present and all is going well." 所有人全部到场了,一切进展顺利 5,what引导的主语从句,谓语动词可视表语而定:表语是单数名词时,动词用单数,相反,则用复数.例如: What they want to get are a number of good books.他们想得到的是大量的好书. 6,and连接的两个单数名词前若用each ,every ,no修饰,该名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式.例如: No book and no pen is found in the schoolbag.书包里没有书和钢笔. 7,当主语后面有as well as ,with ,along with ,together with ,but ,like ,rather than ,except,逗号加and连接几个名词等引导的短语时,谓语动词要与最前面的主语保持一致.例如: My father as well as his workmates has been to Beijing. 我父亲和他的同事曾去过北京. 8,each作主语的同位语时,谓语动词由主语来决定,与each无关.例如:They each have a bike. 他们每人有一辆自行车. 9,动词不定式,动词-ing形式短语作主语时,谓语动词常用单数.例如: Going out for a walk after supper is a good habit.晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯. 10,the following作主语时,谓语动词的数与后面名词的数保持一致.例如:The following are good examples下面是一些好例子. 11,以-ics结尾的学科名词,如politics ,physics ,mathematics等作主语时,谓语动词用单数.以-s结尾的名词news ,works ,plastics等同属此类.例如:

英语语法总结主谓一致

英语语法总结主谓一致 英语语法总结主谓一致 总结就是对一个时期的学习、工作或其完成情况进行一次全面系统的回顾和分析的书面材料,它可以有效锻炼我们的语言组织能力,让我们一起来学习写总结吧。那么总结要注意有什么内容呢?下面是店铺整理的英语语法总结主谓一致,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。 英语语法总结主谓一致1 1.主语是he ,she, it, either, neither, each, anything, something, everything, nothing, someone, everyone, anyone, nobody, no one, 等代词时,谓语动词用单数。 Someone is asking for you. 有人在找你。 Everyone is here. 大家都来了。 Each of the boys has an apple. 2. 表示总称意义的名词people, cattle, police做主语时,谓语动词用复数。 Cattle are farmer’s friends. The policeman is standing at the street corner. The police are searching for him. 3. 主语是:时间,距离,价格等名词,即使是复数形式,谓语动词只用单数。 Three years passes quickly. Two meters is not long enough. 4.主语是:clothes, glasses, trousers, shoes, socks, gloves 等名词时,谓语动词用复数。 The trousers are not expensive. Your socks are over there. 5.主语是:family, class, team, group等名词时,如果是作为整体,谓语动词用单数;如果作为其中一个个的成员,谓语动词用复数。 Our class is made up of ten students.

英语中的主谓一致

英语主谓一致 一般说来,谓语必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致,即主谓一致。主谓一致涉及三个方面:语法上一致,意义上一致,就近一致。 一、语法上一致 1 不可数名词、动名词、不定式、从句等做主语时,谓语通常用单数。 Much milk is offered to him. Reading aloud is very important in learning English. To nod one’s head means agreement. What they said is true. 2 and连接主语时,注意以下几点: 1)由and, both…and 连接两个单数名词谓语用复数,但当and连接的两个名词指同一个人,同一物,同一事,同一概念时谓语用单数。 Both bread and butter were served for breakfast in this hotel. The teacher and writer is going to give us a talk. 2) 凡是由each…and each…,every…and every… ,no…and no…, many a… and many a…连接名词作主语时谓语用单数。 Each man and each woman has a chance to be raised in our company. No boy and no girl doesn’t go to school at the age of seven in this village. 3) 由and 连接的前置并列修饰语+不可数名词做主语时,谓语用复数。 Good and bad meat in the market are sold out. 4) 不可数名词+并列修饰语作主语时,谓语用单数。 Beer from the USA and Germany is much better that from Britain. 5) 凡由and连接两个带the(a或物主代词)的单数可数名词,谓语用复数,如果只有前一个名词带the(a 或物主代词)则谓语用单数。 The professor and the writer have published a few new books on radio.

英语语法之主谓一致

主谓一致 定义:是指句子中的谓语和主语在人称和数上必须一致。一般说来,主语的单复数形式决定着谓语动词采取相应的形式。例如: ●He is a clever student. ●They are Englishmen. ●We found the boys bright pupils. ●We found the boy a bright pupil. 二.在实际使用上,往往会遇到复杂的情况,因此,我们在处理主谓一致问题时可依据以下三种原则。 1.语法一致原则 2.意义一致原则 3.就近原则 1.语法一致:是指在形式上看,主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,请语动词也用复数形式。 ●This is a book. ●These are books. 2.意义一致:是指从意义上来处理主谓一致问题。有时,主语形式为单数,但意义上为复数,谓语动语依意义而定,也采取复数形式;有时主语为复数形式,但意义上为单数,动词也用单数。 ●Our class like English very much. ●Our family are fond of the film. 说明:这两个句子中的class和family,都是集体名词,在这里都指集体中的各个成员。因此谓语动词用复数形式。 ●Four thousand dollars is more than she can afford. 说明:four thousand dollars表面看是一个复数形式,而实际上被子看作一个总数,即一笔钱,因此谓语动词用了单数形式。 3就近原则:是指谓语动词的人称和数往往和最近的主语保持一致。 ●There is a chair and ten desks in the room. ●Not only he but also I am a teacher. 面对这三种原则,究竟何时采用何种原则为好,应视习惯用法而定。在使用中,如果对三种原则的选则捉摸不定,最好还是使用语法一致的原则。 三、有关主谓一致的问题用法归纳总结如下: 1.某些表示有定数量和不定数量的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题。

主谓一致英语语法详细讲解

主谓一致 英语中,主语的单复数形式决定谓语动词的单复数形式。主谓一致必须遵循以下三条原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。根据这三条原则,现从以下几个方面进行总结: 一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1. 由and/both...and...连接的两个单数名词作主语时(两个冠词),谓语动词一般根据语法一致的原则用复数。 例如:A young man and a girl want to go there. 一个青年男子和一个姑娘想去那里。 【注意】如果在意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一个概念时(一个冠词),谓语动词用单数形式。 例如:①A needle and thread was found on the floor. 在地板上找到了针线(穿了线的针)。 ②The teacher and writer is her friend.这个既是是教师又是作家的人是她的朋友。 2. 一个单数名词同时被and连接的两个不同的形容词修饰,表示两个不同的概念时,谓语动词用复数。 例如:Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying. 古代史和现代史是我们目前学习的课程。 【注意】如果在意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数。 例如:The last and most difficult lesson is lesson14. 14课是最后一课也是最难的一课。 3. 当each...and each...,every...and every...,no...and no...,many a...and many a...结构作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 例如:①No man and no animal is to be found on the moon. 在月球上没发现人和动物。 ②Many a doctor and many a nurse is busy with their work. 许多医生和护士都忙于他们的工作。 【注意1】Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, happy and wise.(习惯用语)【注意2】one and a half+复数名词+复数谓语动词 a(an)+单数名词and a half+单数谓语动词 4. 由not only A but also B,not A but B,neither A nor B,either A or B,whether A or B,A or B连接的并列主语和there be结构,谓语动词通常根据就近一致原则决定。 例如:①Either the players or the coach is responsible for the defeat. 不是运动员就是教练应该对这次比赛的失利负责。 ②There are some bowls, plates and a spoon on it. 【注意1】由no A but B连接的并列主语,谓语动词通常根据A决定。 例如:No one in the department but Tom and I knows that the direct is going to resign. 【注意2】由nobody but B连接的并列主语,谓语动词通常根据nobody决定,用单数。 例如:Nobody but Susan knows the secret. 【注意3】由all but B连接的并列主语,谓语动词通常根据all决定,用复数。 例如:All but one were here just now. 【注意4】由no one except B连接的并列主语,谓语动词通常根据no one决定,用单数。例如:No one except John and Mike has passed the examination. 【总结】以上结构中,but和except属于介词,谓语动词有前面的主语确定。 【注意5】a(an)+单数名词+or two+单数谓语动词 one or two+复数名词+复数谓语动词 【注意6】There is one or two letters I would like to answer this evening.(就近一致)

英语语法之主谓一致

主谓一致 定义 谓语动词和主语要在人称和数量上保持一致。不同的主语,其谓语动词在英语中单复数会有差别。 主谓“三”一致:语法一致;内容一致;就近一致。 一、语法一致 1. A but B 结构,谓语动词的单复数是由A 来决定。 例子:No one but her parents knows it. ( know ) 类似结构: 谓语动词单复数一般由A 决定 例子:Jane and Jone, like Henty, were late. 例子:All of us, including me, are going to sli next mouth. 2. Not only A but also B / Neither A nor B / Either A or B / A or B 谓语动词单复数一般是由B 来决定。 例子:Neither John nor I am happy. Either the teacher or the students are correct. 1. Tom, together with Mary and Alice, _______ swim this afternoon. A. is going to B. are going to C. are D. has 2. The manager or his secretary _______ to give you an interview. A. is B. are C. was D. were 3. Not only I but also Jane _______ tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be 4. E-mail, as well as telephones, _______ an important part in daily communication. A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play 3. and 结构 A and B 结构作主语,一般说谓语动词用复数

主谓一致语法总结

主谓一致语法总结 语言是表达思想的工具,正确的语法是语言正确使用的基础。主谓一致是语言中的重要点之一,也是被考查最多的语法知识。因此,对于学习语言的人来说,掌握主谓一致的文法知识是非常重要的。 主谓一致是指主语和谓语的语法形式应保持一致,使句子的意思表达得清楚。主谓一致的规则包括第三人称单数、现在分词形式、过去分词形式。 一、第三人称单数 第三人称单数是指一个句子中的主要动作是一个人或一件事物,而其称谓是第三人称单数形式时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式来表达。例如:He usually goes to school on time。(他通常按时去上学) 二、现在分词形式 现在分词形式是指一个句子中的主语是表示主动的行为时,谓语动词要用现在分词形式来表达。例如:He is playing basketball.(他正在打篮球) 三、过去分词形式 过去分词形式是指一个句子中主语既可以表示主动又可以表示 被动时,谓语动词要用过去分词形式来表达。例如:The house is built by him.(这座房子是由他建造的) 以上就是主谓一致的语法总结,在学习语言的过程中,掌握主谓一致的文法知识对我们更好的使用语言是非常重要的。学习语言的人

要多掌握主谓一致的知识,加深对主谓一致的理解和应用,掌握这些可以让我们更好的表达语言。 然而,学习语言也不是一朝一夕就可以掌握的,需要我们不断地努力和练习。首先,我们可以多读一些语言材料,多练习写作;其次,学好基本语法知识,把基本语法熟练掌握;最后,练习主谓一致,有意识的考察自己的句子是否正确,及时纠错。 总之,要想掌握好语言,需要具备一定的英语基础知识,并结合实际练习才能达到最好的效果。只有多掌握知识,熟练掌握文法,把所学到的知识运用到实际生活中,才能掌握好语言。

初中英语知识点总结:主谓一致

初中英语知识点总结:主谓一致 第一篇:初中英语知识点总结:主谓一致 在英语中,句子中的谓语动词在人称和单、复数形式上必须和主语保持一致,这就是我们通常说的“主谓一致”。这一点看似简单,但在实际运用中却常常遇到麻烦。一般情况下,主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则的支配:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。 一、语法一致 主谓一致的原则是指主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致:主语是单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语亦采取复数形式.例如: He often helps me learn English.(主语是单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式).My friends often help me learn English.(主语是复数形式,谓语也采取复数形式) 但主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致的问题远不只上述的那么简单,有许多方面的情况需要去具体地对待: 1、不定式,动名词,以及从句作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数.例如: Reading aloud is helpful to learn English.大声朗读对学习英语是有帮助的。 What he said has been recorded.他说的话已被录音了.2、不定代词one, every, each, everybody, everyone, one of, no one, nothing, nobody, someone, somebody, either, neither, many a 等作主语或是修饰主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数.但none 作主语时,谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数,这要取决于说话人的看法。例如:Neither of my sisters likes sports.我的妹妹中没人喜欢运动.Every boy and girl shows great interest in this book.每个男孩和女孩对这本书都表现出很大的兴趣.3、表示国家,机构,事件,作品等名称的专有名词作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数.例如: One Thousand And One Nights tells people lots of interesting stories.《一千零一夜》给人们讲了许多有趣的故事。

主谓一致(完整整理版)

主谓一致(完整整理版) -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1

主谓一致 一、知识总结归纳 (一)概述: 主语与谓语的一致:在英语表达中,谓语动词的形式要和主语的人称和数保持一致。主要体现在be动词,助动词do, have 以及一般现在时态中的动词形式。 谓语动词与主语保持一致的基本原则:语法一致,就近一致和意义一致。 名词或代词做主语有人称和单,复数之分,动词的单数就是第三人称单数形式,而动词的复数形式即动词的原形。 例句: 1. I am seventeen, and he is sixteen. 2. There is a desk in the room, but there are no chairs in it. 3. John gets up at six o’clock every morning. 4. What is the latest news about the Olympic Games 5. The family are sitting at the breakfast table. (二)语法一致: 1. 由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语: (1)这部分主语表示的是两个人或两件不同的事物,谓语动词用复数形式。 例句: ① My brother and I have both seen that film. ② Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China. ③ The poet and the novelist were both present at the meeting. ④ Reading, writing and arithmetic are called the three R’s. (2)这部分主语表示具有两个身份或性质的同一个人或一个完整的事物,谓语动词用单数形式。例句: ① The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. ② War and peace is a constant theme in history. ③ One more knife and fork is needed. ④ The statesman and poet was engaged in warfare all his life. ⑤ Law and order has been established. ⑥ Bread and butter is our daily food. ⑦ Fish and chips is a popular fast food. ⑧ The stars and stripes is the national flag of U.S.A. (3)这部分主语前面有each, every, many a, no 等修饰时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。 例句: ① Each doctor and(each)nurse was given a new shirt. ② No sound and no voice is heard. ③ Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake. ④ Every minute and every second is precious. 2. 动名词,不定式,主语从句做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 例句:

英语语法之主谓一致总结

英语语法之主谓一致总结 英语语法之主谓一致总结 总结就是把一个时段的学习、工作或其完成情况进行一次全面系统的总结,它能够使头脑更加清醒,目标更加明确,让我们好好写一份总结吧。总结怎么写才不会千篇一律呢?下面是小编帮大家整理的英语语法之主谓一致总结,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。 英语语法之主谓一致总结1 1.“many a +名词”和“more than one +名词”作主语 谓语动词的数通常用单数(即遵循语法一致的原则): Many a child was playing there. 很多小孩在那儿玩。 More than one student has failed the exam. 不止一个学生考试未及格。 2. each 用于复数名词后作同位语 此时谓语动词用复数: They each have an English-Chinese dictionary. 他们每人都有一本英汉词典。 The young people each carry a big bag. 这些年轻人个个背着一个大袋子。 3. 主语后接in addition to, with, along with, together with, except, but等介词 其后的动词形式取决介词前主语: Nothing but trees was to be seen. 除了树木之外什么也看不见。 No one except my parents knows anything about this. 除我父母外没人知道此事。 Jim, together with his classmates, has seen the film. 吉姆和他的同学都看过这部电影。 4. means作主语 名词means(方法)单数与复数同形,用作主语时,其谓语的单复数要视具体含义而定(尤其注意其前的修饰语):

英语语法主谓一致

英语语法主谓一致 第一讲主谓一致 “一致”(Concord 或Agreement)是指句子成分之间词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。主要有主语与动词的一致,主语与补语的一致,限定词与名词中心词的一致,人称代词与并列和非并列先行词的一致,名词与名词或代词的一致。“主谓一致”是指主语和谓语动词之间在人称和数的方面的一致关系,这又叫做“主——动一致”(Subject——verb Concord)。 1. 主谓一致三原则 主语和随后的动词(词组),即谓语动词之间的一致关系常为三种不同的原则所支配,即语法一致原则(Grammar Concord),意义一致原则(Notional Concord)和就近原则(Principle of Proximity)。 1.1 语法一致 指作主语的名词中心词是复数,动词就用复数形式;如果名词中心词是单数名词或不可数名词,动词就用单数形式。例如:Both boys have their own merits. In my heart are peace and goodwill. The elevator works very well. Much effort is wasted. 1.2 意义∕概念一直 指主语和动词的一致关系并非取决于语法上的单、复数形式,而是取决于主语的单、复数意义。有时主语在语法形式上并非复数,但有复数意义,随后的动词就用复数;主语在语法形式上是复数,而在意义上可视为单数,随后的动词用单数。例如:The jury has asked more time. The jury are unable to agree. Fifty minutes isn’t enough time to finish this test. “ Senior citizens” means people over sixty. 1.3 就近原则

英语语法“主谓一致”

英语语法“主谓一致” 一,主谓一致 三原则,语法一致原则(grammatical concord) 意义一致原则(notional concord) 就近原则(principle of proximity) 1,以-s结尾的疾病名称和游戏名称,通常作单数使用。如,疾病名称arthritis , bronchitis , rickets , mumps ,diabetes 游戏名称,darts ,marbles , 等通常用单数,但cards 仍用复数。当darts ,marbles 表示游戏所用的镖或弹子时复数形式作复数。 一些疾病名称亦可以用作复数,rickets is/are caused by malnutrition . Measles are sometimes caused by a tapeworm . 2,以-ics 结尾的学科名称如,physics mathematics mechanics optics acoustics politics statistics economics linguistics athletics tactics 等通常作复数用。但若此类名词表示学科以外的其他意义,便可用复数。如, The economics of the project are still being considered .经济意义 The acoustics in the new concert hall are faultless. 音响效果3,以-s结尾的地理名词,如果是国名,the united states ,the united nations the Netherlands 等单一政治实体,用作单数;如果是岛屿,山脉,海峡,瀑布等地理名称则用复数。 The west indies 西印度群岛 The straits of Gibraltar 直布罗陀海峡 The Niagara falls 尼亚加拉大瀑布 3,其他以-s结尾的词 一些有两部分组成的物体名词,如scissors pincers glasses shorts trousers suspenders 单独使用时用复数,如果和量词一起用时,谓语动词形式取决于量词单复数。

英语中的主谓一致

主谓一致 一.主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词必须与作主语的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。 二.主谓一致主要分为三个方面:1. 语法一致,2 概念一致,3 就近一致。 语法一致 英语语法有一条法那么:主语如果是第三人称单数,一般现在时的谓语动词要加s ( be 动词要用is ) She gets up at seven o’clock every morning . 主语如果是复数时,谓语动词要用复数形式。 My father and mother are both teachers . We all like science . 概念一致 1.两个或两个以上的作主语用的单数名词或代词用and 连接时,句子谓语动词用复数。 Alice and Rose are cousins . Jack and Mike are both my good friends . 注意:〔1〕如果and 连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时或者是表示同一概念的成对的名词时,谓语动词用单数 The poet and writer is coming along . Bread and butter is a daily food in the west . The iron and steel works lies in the east of the city .

(2) 由and 连接的并列单数主语前分别有every , each , no 等修饰时,句子谓语动词用单数。 Every girl and every boy is here . In our country every man and every woman has the right to receive education . 2 . 如果主语时一个抽象概念〔如动词不定式,动名词,主语从句。。。等〕。句子谓语动词都用单数形式。 Walking in the woods is a good form of exercise . To learn foreign is very necessary . 3.集体名词family , class crew , crowd , group , committee , audience 。。。等作主语时,假设作为一个整体对待时,句子谓语动词用单数;如果就其中一个个成员老考虑时,句子谓语动词用单数。My family is a big one . My family ae all music lovers . Our group are reading newspapers . This group is having a meeting . 注意:当集体名词people , police , cattle 。。。等作主语时,句子谓语动词要用复数。 There are many people waiting outside . The police are searching for the murderer The cattle are grazing in the field . 4.不定代词either , each , one , the other , another 以及所

(完整版)英语语法主谓一致

主一致 1.主一致是指英中在人称、数及意方面要与作主的名或代一致。 2.主一致分法一致、意一致、就近一致。 (1)法一致原:主和在法形式上保持一致。主数,用数;主复数,用复数。 I often help him and he often helps me. (2)意一致原:主和在意上复数一致。主数,用数;主复数,用复数。 The police are searching the woods for the murderer. (3)就近素来原:当主有两个或两个以上,由凑近它的主确定。并列主的一致 1.And (1)两个数名用and 接,表示不同样看法,用复数。 Tom and Jack are close friends. (2)两个数名用 and 接,表示同一歌人、同一个物,同一个看法,或表示不可以切割的整体, 用数。 The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party. (3)被 every, each, many a, no 等限制的数名由 and 接,仍用数,其中,后一个限制可以省略。 every ⋯⋯ and ⋯⋯ every,each⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ each,no⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ no, many a⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ many a。 Each boy and (each) girl has an apple. (4)一个数名被几个用 and 接的并列形容修,可以指一件事或几件事,种名作主,要依照 意一致的原决定复数。 (5)由 and 接的两个what 的从句作主,要依照意一致的原决定复数 What he says and does do not agree.(言不衷心致) What he says and does does not concern me. 2.由 either or, neither nor, not but, not only but also,or, nor接的并列主,常和近 的主一致。 Either Tom or I is going there. 3、“ with/along with/together with/as well as/as much as/expect/besides/including/rather than/but/ 等+名” 构,复数不受些影响。 You father as well as you is very kind to me, 某些名作主的主一致 1.会集名 (1)表示整体看法,一致性,用数形式;每一个成,用复数。 如: family , company, committee, government, nation,

英语语法之主谓一致

主谓一致 1.在一般现在时中,若主语是单数第三人称,谓语动词则要加-s或-es, 具体变化同名词的单数变复数。如: He goes to school at 8 every morning. 不说:He go…. 1)单数第三人称作主语的词包括: 单数人称代词:he, she, it 不定代词:each, everyone 人名:John, Bill Gates等。 普通单数名词:my brother, English等。 2)单数动词的变化有:be—is; have—has; 其他动词在词尾加-s或-es, 具体变化同名词的单数变复数,work—works, study--studies。 若主语是单数第一、第二人称或复数,则谓语动词永原形,不需要加-s或-es.常见的这样的主语有:单数人称代词:I, you 复数人称代词:we, you, they 复数名词:students, books等。 2.在助动词或情态动词后面,直接接动词原型。 a. She can sing in English. b. He goes to school early. / He doesn’t go to school early. 3.There be 句型的主谓一致。研究下列句子: There is a book on the desk. There are two books on the desk. There be 句型是一倒装结构,因此谓语动词的单复数要与be动词后面的名词一致。 4.“数量词+名词”结构的主谓一致

在上述数量词中,有些还可以接of 短语连用。具体用法如下: 5.单数形式的名词作主语与谓语动词形式的关系 一般来说,单数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式,这个符合英语中的语法上一致原则。但此种情况也有例外。现在详细归纳如下: 1)Many a +名词单数,虽为复数概念,但谓语用单数。 a.There is many an error that he has neglected. b.Many a man and (many a) woman has wished that he or she had had a better education. (Many men and women have….) 2)More than one+可数名词单数,是复数概念,但谓语用单数。 a.There is more than one answer to this question. b.More than one topic has been discussed at the meeting. 与此类似的另一个结构:more+复数名词+than one, 谓语用复数。 a.More topics than one have been discussed at the meeting. b.More persons than one were killed.

英语语法主谓一致

主谓一致 主谓一致Subject-Verb Concord即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致;主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致;语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致;意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致;就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致.. 表里不一 主谓一致中的"表里不一"现象 1;"more than one +名词"作主语时;谓语动词常用单数.例如:More than one teacher gets the flowers. 不止一个教师得到了花. 2;"many a +名词"作主语时;从意义上看是复数;但谓语动词常用单数.例如: Many a student has been sent to plant trees. 很多学生被派去植树. 3;"half of ;the rest of ;most of ;all of及百分数或分数+of 等后接名词"作主语时;谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定.例如:Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water.地球表面四分之三为水所覆盖. 4;all指人时;动词用复数;all指物时;动词用单数.例如:"All are present and all is going well." 所有人全部到场了;一

切进展顺利 5;what引导的主语从句;谓语动词可视表语而定:表语是单数名词时;动词用单数;相反;则用复数.例如: What they want to get are a number of good books.他们想得到的是大量的好书. 6;and连接的两个单数名词前若用each ;every ;no修饰;该名词短语作主语时;谓语动词用单数形式.例如: No book and no pen is found in the schoolbag.书包里没有书和钢笔. 7;当主语后面有as well as ;with ;along with ;together with ;but ;like ;rather than ;except;逗号加and连接几个名词等引导的短语时;谓语动词要与最前面的主语保持一致.例如: My father as well as his workmates has been to Beijing. 我父亲和他的同事曾去过北京. 8;each作主语的同位语时;谓语动词由主语来决定;与each无关.例如:They each have a bike. 他们每人有一辆自行车. 9;动词不定式;动词-ing形式短语作主语时;谓语动词常用单数.例如:Going out for a walk after supper is a good habit.晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯. 10;the following作主语时;谓语动词的数与后面名词的数保持一致.例如:The following are good examples下面是一些好例子. 11;以-ics结尾的学科名词;如politics ;physics ;mathematics等作主

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