什么是复合句：
从句子结构上来说，句子有三种：简单句、并列句和复合句。简单句有一个主语或多个主语和一个谓语；一个主语和多个谓语。并列句是由并列连词连接的两个或多个简单句。复合句指的是含有两个或更多的主谓结构的句子，其中有一个（或更多）主谓结构充当句子的某一（些）成分，如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语等。主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句都属于复合句。
一、状语从句：
状语从句Adverbial Clause，从句用作状语称为状语从句。根据用途，状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、方式、让步、结果、目的等状语从句。
I. 时间状语从句
时间状语从句表示时间，常用的关联词有when, until, as, after, before, once, since, as long as, whenever等等。
例: 1) When you cross a main road, you must be careful.
2) He went out to play football after he had finished his homework.
3) Wait until you are called.
4) I can't recognize you. You are so changed since last we met.
5) He didn't go to school until he was eleven.
You can use my house as long as you are careful.
He is so terrible once he is drunk.
I listen to the radio while I walk every evening.
II. 地点状语从句
地点状语从句表示地点，常用的关联词有where, wherever, anywhere等。
例如：1) Put it where you found it.
2) Sit down wherever you like.
3) Anywhere she goes, he goes too.
III. 原因状语从句
原因状语从句表示原因或理由，常用的关联词有because, as, since, in case等。
1) I eat ice-cream so much because I like sweet food.
2) As I didn't know the way, I asked a policeman.
3) Since you won't help me, I'll ask someone else.
I'll take my raincoat in case it rains. (in case it rains = because it may rain)我将带上雨衣，以防下雨。
IV. 条件状语从句
条件状语从句表示真实的或现实的条件，引导从句所用的关联词有if, unless, suppose, in case(that), in the event (that), as (so) long as等等。
1) If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman.
You'll be late, unless you hurry.
3) Suppose we are late, what will he say? (suppose从句必须放在主句之前) 我们如果迟到了，他会说什么？
4) In the event that our team wins, there will be a party.
5) In case it rains, do not expect me. 如果下雨，就不要等我了。
6) He will do anything as(so) long as it is interesting. 只要好玩，他什么都愿意做。
V. 方式状语从句
方式状语从句表示动作的方式，回答How的问题，常用关联词as, as if, as though, the way(that), in the way(that)等引导，一般置于主语之后。
Do as I say. I did just as you told me. 照我说的去做。我就是照你说的去做的。He acts as if/as though he is the owner. 他行为举止好象是这儿的主人似的。They did it in a way that I had never seen before. 他们以我从没见过的方式行事。
I was never allowed to sing the way I wanted to. 我从未被允许用自己想用的方式唱歌。
VI. 让步状语从句
让步状语从句表示“虽然、尽管、即使”等概念，使句子具有对比的因素。常用的关联词有although, though, even if, even though, not that(=although…not)等，置于主语之前或后。
1) Although you feel very ill right now, this is still a common disease.
2) Though he has lived for years in London, he writes in French.
3) We intend to go U.S., even if air fares are expensive.
4) Even though fruits are good, you can't live with fruits only.
5) I'm OK now, not that I slept (although I did not sleep) very well last night.
VII. 结果状语从句
结果状语从句表示结果，常由连词so…that, such(a/an)…that, so that, such that等引导，置于主语之后。
She was so frightened about the dog that she cried.
The news worried him so much that he didn't sleep at all for the whole night. He is such a wonderful joker that you can't help laughing.
They are such wonderful players that no one can beat them.
We arrived early, so that we got good seats.
The weather was such that I couldn't go out.
VIII. 目的状语从句
目的状语从句表示目的，回答what for或for what purpose的问题，常用关联词so that, in order that等引导，一般置于主语之后。目的状语从句中的谓语动词常由“情态动词+动词原形”构成。
Ships carry lifeboats so that people can escape if the ship sinks.
They wrote the notice in several languages so that foreigners could understand it.
We carved their names on the stone in order that people should always remember them.
They risk their lives so that/in order that they may support their kids.
了解了状语从句，我们来看看例题讲解
１．I'll go with you as soon as I ____my work.
A.will finish
B.shall finish
C.finish
D.finished
选Ｃ．在时间、条件状语从句中，主句可能是祈使句、一般将来时或带情态动词，从句用一般现在时。如果主句是过去将来时，从句可以用一般过去时。能够引导时间状语从句、条件状语从句的从属连接词，常见的有：when,until（directly,unless,as long as,suppose等。如：
（１）Unless he comes,we won't be able to go.
（２）Suppose it goes on raining,what shall we do?
（３）Lu Xun often said,"As long as I am alive,I shall go on studying." ２．No sooner_____the news than they rushed out into the street.
A.they heard
B.they had heard
C.did they hear
D.had they heard
选Ｄ．no sooner…than,hardly… when,scarcely… before表示"—…就"，主句一般用过去完成时（h ad+V-ed），从句用一般过去时，如果hardly,no sooner, scarcely 放句首，主谓倒装。
３．Although he is considered a great writer,____(MET'91)
A.his works are not widely read
B.but his works are not widelyread
C.however his works are not widely read
D.still his works arenot widely read
选Ａ．这是一个让步状语从句，主句与从句之间有一个从属连词although(though)，不能再加but,howeve r,still等，但可以和yet连用。
４．No matter how hard he worked,____（８４年）
A.he could not do any better
B.and he could not do any better
C.so he could do any bettes
D.but he could not do any better
选Ａ．由no matter引导的让步状语从句，其主句也不能再用but,and,so等并列连接词。
５．____he might,he failed,A.Try as B.As try C.Tried as D.As tried 选Ａ．为了强调让步的意义，表示出非常强烈的对照，用as或though引导的让步状语从句，从句的语序要作部分调整，即把句子受强调的表语、状语或动词原形置于从句的句首。如果表语是单数可数名词，移置句首时，名词前不用冠词。如：
（１）Much as I like it,I will not buy it.
（２）Child as she is,she knows a lot of English.
６．Did the two boys look so much alike____no one could tell them apart? A.and B.that C.as D.so that
选Ｂ．目的状语从句的表达："主＋谓＋that(so that,in order that)＋主＋may(might,can,could,sho uldn't等)＋谓"。
７．____Mr Smith is well again,he can travel.
A.Now that
B.But that
C.And that
D.Since that
选Ａ．now that相当于since。表示原因状语从句的连接词常见的有because,as,since,now that,seeing that,considering that等。
８．It was____a hundred people looked lost in it.
A.so large a room that
B.so large a room
C.such large a room that
D.a such large room
选Ａ．引导结果状语从句：so＋adj(adv)＋that从句so＋adj＋a(an)＋n＋that从句such＋a(an)＋adj＋n＋that从句，表示"这样……（一个）……以至于……"。
９．The harder he worked,____he felt.
A.happier
B.the happier
C.the happy
D.the happiest
选Ｂ．the＋比较级＋主＋谓，the＋比较级＋主＋谓，意思是"越……越……"。
二、定语从句
定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有：when, where, why等
1. 关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换），例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.
那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.
请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3）which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.
农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语）
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.
你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)
2. 关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
1）when, where, why 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用.例如：
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?
这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？
2）that代替关系副词that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略.例如：
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.
他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方
3. 判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。
方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
A. where
B. that
C. on which
D. the one
例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held. A. where B. that C. on which D. the one答案：
例1 D，例2 A
例1变为肯定句：This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.
例2变为肯定句：This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。
而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词(who, whom, that, which, whose)；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词( where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语) 。
4. 限制性和非限制性定语从句
1) 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，例如：
This is the house which we bought last month.
这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）
2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如：Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.
我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.
这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。
3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.
他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.
液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。
说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
5. 介词+关系词
1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。
2）that前不能有介词。
3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。
This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?
Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
6. as, which 非限定性定语从句
由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this 或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.
典型例题1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.
A. it
B. that
C. which
D. he
答案C. 此为非限定性从句，不能用that修饰，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。
2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. it
答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park.
A. that
B. which
C. as
D. it
答案B.
as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且
在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：
(1）as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。
(2）as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。在本题中，prevent由于是行为动词，所以正确选项应为B。
As 的用法
例1. the same… as；such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。
I have got into the same trouble as he (has).
例2. as可引导非限制性从句，常含有'正如'的意思。
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
As is know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语；例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know 要用被动式。
7. 先行词和关系词二合一
1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here.(Whoever 可以用anyone who 代替)
2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school. (what 可以用all that代替)
8. what/whatever;that/what; who/whoever
1）what = the thing which；whatever = anything What you want has been sent here.Whatever you want makes no difference to me.
2) who= the person that whoever= anyone who
（错）Who breaks the law will be punished.
（错）Whoever robbed the bank is not clear.
（对）Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
（对）Who robbed the bank is not clear.
3) that 和what
当that引导定语从句时，通常用作关系代词，而引导名词性从句时，是个不充当任何成分的连接词。宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。What只能引导名词性从句，用作连接代词，作从句的具体成分，且不能省略。
I think (that) you will like the stamps.
What we need is more practice.
9. 关系代词that 的用法
1）不用that的情况
a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。
(错)The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
b) 介词后不能用。
We depend on the land from that we get our food.(错)
改为：We depend on the land from which we get our food.
We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.
2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
a)在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。
b)在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。
c)先行词有the only, the very修饰时，只用that。
d)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。
e)先行词既有人，又有物时,只用that。
例如：All that is needed is a supply of oil.
所需的只是供油问题。
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.
那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。
１．She heard a terrible noise,____brought her heart into ber mouth.(MET'91) A.it B.which C.this D.that
选Ｂ．在非限定性定语从句中，关系代词用which不能用that。
２．He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten wiondows, most of____hadn't cleaned for at least a y ear.(MET'90)
A.these
B.those
C.that
D.which
选Ｄ．如果选Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ，整个句子不符合语法要求，因为有一个"逗号"，不是并列句，因此只能是一个非限定性定语从句，在非限定性定语从句中关系代词一般用which。３．His parents wouldn't marry anyone____family was poor.(MET'88)
A.of whom
B.whom c.of whose D.whose
选Ｄ．因为whose作family的定语。
４．Finally the thief handed in everything____he had stolen to the police.(MET'87)
A.after
B.what
C.whatever
D.that
选Ｄ．因为Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ不能引导定语从句。先行词everything，关系代词that在从句中作宾语。当先行词是不定代词all,anything,nothing,everything,something等，关系代词只能由that引导。
５．All____is needed is a supply of oil.(MET'89)
A.the thing
B.that
C.what C.which
选Ｂ．All作先行词，关系代词由that引导。
６．In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions____were asked in French.（８５年）
A.where
B.who
C.in which
D.which
选Ｄ．question是先行词，在从句中作主语，所以应用which引导。
７．The man____talked to you just now is an engineer.（８０年）
A.who
B.where
C.which
D.what
选Ａ．先行词是man。在从句中作主语，所以选who。
８．The word"write"has the same pronunciation____the work"right". （８４年）A.of B.as C.to D.from
选Ｂ．先行词中含有such,the same时，或先行词被such,the same修饰时，关
系代词用as引导。
９．Watch the girl and her dog____are crossing the bridge.
A.which
B.who
C.they
D.that
选Ｄ．当先行词含有"人"和"物"时，关系代词用that。
１０．This dictionary,a few pages____are missing,is of no use.
A.among which
B.of which
C.which
D.in which
选Ｂ．dictionary是先行词，which是关系代词，a few pages of which(diciotnary)。１１．You may take____book you like.
A.which
B.only c.whichever D.what
选Ｃ．复合关系代词本身兼有先行词。whichever=anything that,whatever=anything that,whoever=any one who,whomever=anyone whom,whosever=anyone whose。
１２．This is the best dictionary____I've ever bought.
A.with which
B.that
C.which
D.when
选Ｂ．先行词是dictionary，因为先行词前有最高级、序数词、only,very,any 等修饰时，关系代词用tha t。
１３．I still remember the day____I first came to Beijing.
A.which
B.that
C.when
D.where
选Ｃ．先行词the day，在定语从句中作状语，所以选when。当先行词是时间名词或地点名词时，关系词选用when或where,that或which，主要取决于在定语从句中所作成份，如果作宾语，用that或which，作状语用wh en或where。
如：
（１）I still remember the days that/which we spent in the countryside.
先行词是the days,spent是及物动词，that/which作spent的宾语。
（２）This is the place where I lived three years ago.
先行词是place,lived是不及物动词，where在从句中作状语。
（３）This is the place that/which we visited three years ago.
先行词是place,visited是及物动词，that/which在从句中作宾语。
１４．____,Charles Dickens was an English writetr.
A.It's knownn to all
B.It's known that
C.We all know
D.As isknown to all
选Ｄ．as引出非限定性定语从句，表示"正如……那样”。类似的还有：asyou know,as you see,as can be known,as has been pointed out,as is known to all等。
１５．I don't like the way____you laughed at her.
A.which
B.in that
C.where
D.that
选Ｄ．先行词是the way，表示方式，可用that（可省）或in which来引导一个定语从句。如果先行词是时间或原因，也可用that（可省）或when或why来引导定语从句。如：
（１）This was the reason that/why he was late yesterday.
（２）This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.
三、名词性从句：
supermarket last night.
据报导超市昨晚失火了。(主语从句)
As is reported, there was a fire in the supermarket last night.
据报导超市昨晚失火了。(定语从句)
4、It is + 过去分词+ that从句
It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing.
据说格林先生已经到了北京。
It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.
据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。
必背
用形式主语it引导的主语从句相当多，有些已形成固定的语法和译法。常见的有：It is said that... 据说……
It is reported that... 据报导……
It is well known that... 众所周知……
It is announced that... 据宣布……
It is believed that... 人们相信……
It is thought that... 人们认为……
It is understood that... 自不待言……
It must be pointed out that... 必须指出……
It must be admitted that... 必须承认……
其他情况
It doesn't matter whether she will come or not.
她是否来这无关紧要。
It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.
我们在哪里开会毫无区别。
It suddenly occurred to her that she had forgotten to lock the door.
她突然想到她忘记锁门了。
当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，宜用it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。
Is it possible that they may complete the task ahead of time?
他们有可能提前完成任务吗？
Does it matter much that he won't be able to come tomorrow?
他明天来不了很要紧吗？
当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，宜用it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。
How strange it is that the students are so quiet!
学生们这么安静真奇怪！
What a shame it is that you cannot stay for dinner!
你不能留下来吃饭多可惜呀！
连接代词what, whoever, whatever, whichever等引导的主语从句不宜用it作形式主语。
Is what he told us really true?
他所告诉我们的的确是真的吗？
Whichever of you want to come to our party will be welcome.
你们中任何想来参加我们晚会的人都欢迎。
C 使用虚拟语气的主语从句
在It is suggested, ordered, requested, insisted, etc. + that从句中，谓语部分
初中重点语法 从句按其在复合句中的作用,分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句等。（参见以下各条） 3、各从句在句子中的位置以及用法： (1) 表语从句：在句子中作连系动词的表语的从句,它位于主句中的系动词之后。 例如：That is why he did not come to school yesterday. / It is because you are so clever. (2) 宾语从句：在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。 ①基本形式：（主句＋）连词+从句主语+从句谓语+... ②关于宾语从句连词的选择： 若从句来源于一个陈述句,那么,连词用that,在口语中that可以省略; 若从句来源于一个一般疑问句,连词则用if 或whether; 若从句来源于一个特殊疑问句,则连词就是疑问词(如what,who,where,when等) 例如：They believe that the computer will finally take the place of human beings.(他们相信计算机终将 代替人类。) (从句本来就是陈述句)/ I wonder whether I should say something for him to the headmaster.(我不知道是不是该为他在校长跟前说点什么。) (从句来源于一般问句Shall I say something for him to the headmaster?) / He asked me where he could get such medicine. (他问我在 哪儿能搞到那样的药。) (从句来源于特殊问句Where can he get such medicine? ) ③宾语从句的时态问题：如果主句是现在时,从句则用现在某一时态,甚至可以用过去时； 如主句是过去时,从句则相应地使用过去某一时态,遇到客观真理时仍然用现在时。如：I think I will do better in English this term. (我想本学期我的英语会学得好点。) / The teacher asked the boy if the earth is round. (老师问那个男孩地球是不是圆的。) ④下列结构后面的从句一般也作为宾语从句看待： be sorry / afraid / sure / glad +that从句,如：I’m sorry I’m late. (对不起,我迟到了。) / I’m afraid he isn’t in at the moment. (恐怕他此刻不在家。) (3) 状语从句：在复合句中作状语,其位置可以在主句前或主句后。状语从句可以分为时间、地点、原因、 目的、结果、比较、让步、条件等几种。状语从句由从属连接词引导。 时间状语从句通常由when ,as ,while, after, before, since, as soon as ,since, till (until), while, whenever 等引导。时间状语从句一般放在句首或句尾,特别注意,时间状语从句不允许使用将来时,而应该 用现在时替代。如：When you finish the work, you may go out to play with Sam. (你完成工作就可 以出去和Jim一起玩了。) / I won’t leave until Mum comes back. (妈妈回来了我才会走。) 地点状语从句通常由where, wherever等引导。如：Go back where you came from! (哪里来还滚到哪里去！) / I will never forget to catch the thief who stole my necklace wherever he may be. (我永远也不会 忘记去抓住那个偷我项链的贼,无论他会在哪里。) 原因状语从句通常由because, since, as等引导,一般放在句首或句尾。如：He went abroad because his father had found a good university for him. (他出国了,因为他父亲给他找了一所好大学。) 目的状语从句通常由so that..., so...hat..., in order that...等引导,往往放在句尾,从句中通常含有can / could / may / might等情态动词。如：He got up earlier so that he could catch the first train. (他起身 更早为的是赶上第一班车。) 结果状语从句通常由so that..., so...that... 等引导,放在句尾。结果状语从句一般表示已经发生的事情,故多为过去时态。如：He lost so many bikes that he decided never to buy a new one. (他丢了那么多 辆自行车,他决定再也不买新车了。) 比较状语从句通常由as, than, as (so)...as等引导,一般省略从句的谓语部分,只剩下名词或代词(用主格或宾格均可)。如：Jane is much taller than I/me. (Jane比我高多了。) / I don’t have as many books as you (do). (我书没有你多) 让步状语从句通常由though (although), as, even if( even though), however, whatever等引导。如：Even if you pay the debt(债务) for me, I will not thank you because it has nothing to do with me. (即使你替 我还了债我也不会感谢你,因为它与我毫无关系。) / He wears a T-shirt though it is very cold. (他穿 了一件T恤衫,尽管天很冷。)
复合句知识点讲解及练习
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宾语从句 中考考点 宾语从句即在复合句中作主句的宾语的句子。它属于名词性从句。它既可以作主句谓语动词宾语，也可作介词的宾语。宾语从句以从句的句式来决定连接词。中考对宾语从句考查的重点是引导词、时态和语序。 考向导航 高频考向一宾语从句的引导词 ①宾语从句是陈述句,引导词用that,在口语中ｔｈat可以省略。如: Wｅbeｌｉeve (that）he is ｈonest．我们相信他是诚实的。 ②如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来，其引导词用ｉf或whether。一般情况下,二者可以通用，但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时,只能用whｅther。如: Iｄon＇t kｎow if/whetherｓｈe wilｌcoｍｅｈere．我不知道她是否将来这儿。 Sｏrｒｙ,I dｏｎ'ｔkｎoｗwhethｅｒhe will ｃoｍe oｒnoｔ.对不起，我不知道他是否会来。 ③宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词就是特殊疑问词。如: Cｏuld you tell me wｈereｔｈe post oｆfice iｓ？你能告诉我邮局在哪里吗？ The tｅaｃｈeｒaｓkｅｄｔhe studeｎts ｗhat they weｒe ｄoinｇ．老师问学生他们正在做什么。 高频考向二宾语从句的时态 宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态是由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定的，一般有下面
几种情况： ①主句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时,从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。如： He sayｓｈe will asｋMr. Hｕto ｇive Jim sｏme wｏrk．他说他将让胡先生给吉姆一些工作。 ②主句的时态为过去时态时，从句的谓语动词的时态要用相应的过去的某一时态。如: Sｈe sａid sheｍisｓeｄus vｅry mucｈ．她说她非常想念我们。 ③从句表示的是客观真理、普遍真理、自然现象时,从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。如： Hｅsaｉd that tｈe sun is biｇger thaｎthe eartｈ.他说太阳比地球大。 高频考向三宾语从句的语序 １．在含有宾语从句的复合句中,宾语从句要使用陈述语序,即“引导词＋主语+谓语+其他”。如： Ｉwａｎｔto knｏw when thｅtrａin ｌeft.我想知道火车是什么时候离开的。 ２.ｄｏyou thinｋ后接宾语从句时,特殊疑问词即引导词要前置,dｏｙou think作为插入语。如: Who do you thｉnｋhe is talking with?你认为他正在和谁交谈? 【注意】①由do，doｅs,diｄ构成的疑问句,在转换成宾语从句时，要去掉ｄｏ,do ｅｓ，did，且从句中的谓语动词要根据主句时态作出相应的变化。如： “Ｄoes hｅsing welｌ？”Thｅmuｓic ｔeacｈeｒａskeｄhim. →Ｔhｅmusiｃtｅacｈer asｋed him if／whｅtｈｅｒｈe ｓａｎg wｅｌ
宾语从句 中考考点 宾语从句即在复合句中作主句的宾语的句子。它属于名词性从句。它既可以作主句谓语动词宾语，也可作介词的宾语。宾语从句以从句的句式来决定连接词。中考对宾语从句考查的重点是引导词、时态和语序。 考向导航 ①宾语从句是陈述句，引导词用that，在口语中that可以省略。如： We believe (that) he is honest.我们相信他是诚实的。 ①如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来，其引导词用if或whether。一般情况下，二者可以通用，但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时，只能用whether。如： I don't know if/whether she will come here.我不知道她是否将来这儿。 Sorry，I don't know whether he will come or not.对不起，我不知道他是否会来。 ①宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词就是特殊疑问词。如： Could you tell me where the post office is？你能告诉我邮局在哪里吗？ The teacher asked the students what they were doing.老师问学生他们正在做什么。 宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态是由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定的，一般有下面几种情况： ①主句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时，从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。如： He says he will ask Mr. Hu to give Jim some work.他说他将让胡先生给吉姆一些工作。 ①主句的时态为过去时态时，从句的谓语动词的时态要用相应的过去的某一时态。如： She said she missed us very much.她说她非常想念我们。 ①从句表示的是客观真理、普遍真理、自然现象时，从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。如：
九年级英语语法----复合句 复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。 主句是全句的主体，通常可以独立存在；从句则是一个句子成分，不能独立存在。 从句不能单独成句，但它也有主语部分和谓语部分，就像一个句子一样。所不同在于，从句须由一个关联词引导。 复合句：句子中有一个或一个以上的从句，叫做复合句。复合句可分为： 1).定语从句； 2).状语从句； 3).名词性从句(宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句) 一、定语从句 定语从句在句子中作定语，用来修饰一个名词、名词词组或者代词。 1. 被修饰的名词、名词词组或代词叫做先行词； 2. 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫做引导词。 3. 引导词分为“关系代词”和“关系副词”。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which。（没有what） 关系副词有：when, where, why。注意：关系副词里面没有how。 1.·关系代词：who(在从句中主要作主语，在非正式语体里who还可以作从句中的宾语。 He is the man who wants to see you. He is the man who I saw in the park yesterday. ·关系代词：whom（whom在从句中作动词或介词的宾语） He is the man （whom）I saw in the park yesterday. ·关系代词：whose （只能用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。 They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. Please pass me the book whose cover is green. （of which the cover/the cover of which）·关系代词：which（1） which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时在非正式语体中可以省略。 They needed a plant which didn't need as much water as rice. The farm (which) we visited yesterday is located in the suburb of Beijing. ·关系代词：which（2） 当在which和that面前进行选择的情况下，一般情况下要选which： 1.在非限制性定语从句中通常用which作引导词，而不能用that做非限制性定语从句的引导词。定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开， 2. 修饰整个主句。 I never met Julia again after that, which was a pity. 3. 修饰谓语部分。 He can swim in the river, which I cannot. 4. 介词+ which
人教版中考英语专项练习复合句 由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。主句为句子的主体，从句只是做句子的一个成分。根据从句在句子中的作用，可以把从句分为名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句），定语从句和状语从句（时间，地点，原因，条件，让步，方式，比较等）三类。 一.宾语从句 1.宾语从句根据引导词的不同分为三种类型 ⑴由that引导的宾语从句，其中that不做成分，可省略。 We all knew (that) we should learn from each other. ⑵由if/whether引导的宾语从句。 Please tell me if/whether you have been to America. ⑶由who,where,how等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。 Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office? 2.宾语从句“三关” ⑴引导词关 注意：whether与if的区别 只用whether的情况 ①在介词后面We don`t think about whether it would rain the next day. ②在动词不定式前They asked me whether to sit at the front. ③当与or not连用，或提出两种选择时Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not at that time
④宾语从句提前时Whether this is true or not, I can`t say ⑤在动词discuss后的宾语从句中We discussed whether we should have a sports meeting next week. ⑥引导表语从句或位于句首的主语从句用whether The question was whether he went there last night 只用if的情况 ①引导否定概念的宾语从句时 He asked me if I had`t finished my homework ②引导条件状语从句时，if意为“如果” We`ll go hiking if it doesn`t rain tomorrow ⑵语序关 ①宾语从句若为陈述句，语序不变 ②宾语从句若为一般疑问句或特殊疑问句，语序还原为陈述语序 ⑶时态关 ①如果主句是现在的时态，从句时态据实际情况而定 ②如果主句是过去某种时态，从句时态一定变为过去某时态 注意：宾语从句表述的是客观真理，自然现象时，只能用一般现在时 3.人称变化： 4.从句简化 ⑴当主句谓语动词是find, see,watch,hear等时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为省to不定式或v+ing形式 She found that the wallet lay/lying on the ground.→
定语从句 定语从句 （一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语（动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语）或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。 定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。 如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。 引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why 关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分 （二）、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语) 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。 在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语) (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语) 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. =The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5)Do you like the book whose color is yellow? =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 注：that 用法 (1)不用that的情况 (a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。(错)The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. (b) 介词后不能用；在" such (the same) ... as ..." 句型中,关系代词要用as, 而不用which. We need such materials as (not which) can bear high temperature We depend on the land from which we get our food.
【专题八】主从复合句（状从、名从和定从）【考点分析】 状语从句 1.when, while, as引导时间状语从句的区别； 2.名词词组the minute, the moment, the first time, each time, any time等用作连词，引导的时间状语从句； 3.before,和since引导时间状语从句的用法以及常见的几个句型； 4.till和until的用法； 5.although, though, as以及even if, even though引导让步状语从句的用法； 6.结果状语从句中“so…that”与“such…that”的区别； 7.条件状语从句unless, providing/provided, suppose/supposing等引导词的用法； 8.“疑问词+ever”和“no matter+疑问词”引导从句的用法； 9. in case引导的状语从句； 10.where引导的状语从句； 11.once引导的状语从句。 12.与祈使句、定语从句、名词从句、倒装句以及与强调句型的混合考查。 名词从句 1.that和what引导名词性从句的区别； 2.名词从句的语序和时态； 3. it作形式主语、形式宾语的几种情况； 4.宾语从句的否定转移； 5.whether和if的用法区别； 6.what在名词性从句中的使用； 7.doubt后的名词性从句的使用； 8.Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别； 9.连接词that的省略； 定语从句 1.that与which引导的定语从句的区别； 2.who、whom与whose引导的定语从句的区别； 3.关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句的区别； 4.对“as”引导定语从句的考查； 5. such…as与such…that的区别；the same…as与the same…that的区别； 6.对“介词+关系代词”的考查； 7.the way 作先行词时,定语从句的引导词作状语用in which ,that 或者省略； 8.含有插入语的定语从句； 9.与并列句、状语从句、同位语从句以及与强调句型的混合考查。 【知识点归纳】 I.句子的种类 复习主从复合句时，我们首先要对句子的种类有所了解，才能更深入地掌握主从复合句的知识。 按用途分
简单句、并列句、复合句 【知识点睛】 一、句子分类 ____________(____________________________)____________________________________________(_____________________)?????????????? ??? ?????? 、、、 按分 句子按分 、、 二、陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句 陈述句：用于说明事实或说话人的看法 疑问句：用于提问 祈使句：用于表示请求、命令、劝告、建议等 感叹句：用于表达强烈的感情 （一）陈述句 有肯定和否定两种形式，多以句号结尾，读降调。 陈述句的否定式： 1. be 的否定式（be 作系动词和助动词） 2. 助动词、情态动词的否定式 3. 除not 外，其他否定词也可以构成否定句 1) 用no 表示，no = not any/a 2) never 从不，决不，永不 seldom 很少 hardly 几乎不 3) little, few 几乎没有 4) no one/nobody 没有人 5) nothing 什么也没有 6) neither of…没有什么(两者都不)；none of…没有任何，什么都没有(三者或三者以上都不) 7) too…to…太……以至于不能…… （二）疑问句 1. 一般疑问句 （1）用什么词提问，用什么词回答。 —Are you a student? 你是一个学生吗？ —Yes, I am. 是的，我是。/—No, I ’m not. 不，我不是。 （2）否定的一般疑问句往往表示惊讶、赞叹、怀疑等语气。（注意yes/no 的翻译） —Don’t you watch TV at night? 你晚上不看电视吗？ —Yes, I do. 不，我看电视。/—No , I don’t. 是的，我不看电视。 （3）用其他词语代替yes/no ，使语气更客气、委婉。 —Can you go to the movies with me? 你能和我一起去看电影吗？
英语简单句、并列句、复合句解析 简单句、并列句和复合句 考点一简单句 1. 简单句只包含一个主谓结构. 2. 五种简单句: 1) 主+谓. He comes at last. 2) 主+系+表. She is a teacher. The soup tastes nice. 3) 主+谓+宾. They reached the village. 4) 主+谓+间宾+直宾.He gave me a pen. 5) 主+谓+宾+宾补.I find that book very useful. 考点二并列句 并列句：两个或两个以上的简单句，用连词连接起来。 常用的连接词有： 1. 表示顺承关系的：and, not only…but also（不仅….而且….）等。 She ______ gave us a lot of advice, _______helped us to overcome difficulties. Linda tried to become an excellentteacher, _____ at last she succeeded. 2. 表示选择关系和否定条件的有or（还是，否则） Do you want to leave now ____ would yourather set off later? Wear your coat, ____ you’ll catch a cold. 3. 表示转折关系的有but, yet等。 He is young, but he works hard.虽然他年轻，但工作努力。 4. 表示因果关系的有for, so 等。 My leg hurts so I go to see a doctor. 我的腿疼，因此我去看医生。 考点三主从复合句：宾语从句 1. 宾语从句的引导词 （1）引导陈述句用that(在口语和非正式文体中常常省略) He tells me (that ) he is going shopping thisSunday. (2) 引导一般疑问句用if或whether. She asked me if\ whether she could join us.(whether…or not) (3) 引导特殊疑问句，要用原来的特殊疑问词。 She asked them what they were doing. 2. 宾语从句的语序：要用陈述句语序。 I want to know when the train left. 3. 宾语从句的时态 （1）主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句，宾语从句可根据实际需要选用各种时态。He tells us that he has been able to lookafter himself. (2) 主句是过去时态，宾语从句应使用过去时的相应时态。 They said that they had already finished thework.
什么是复合句： 从句子结构上来说，句子有三种：简单句、并列句和复合句。简单句有一个主语或多个主语和一个谓语；一个主语和多个谓语。并列句是由并列连词连接的两个或多个简单句。复合句指的是含有两个或更多的主谓结构的句子，其中有一个（或更多）主谓结构充当句子的某一（些）成分，如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语等。主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句都属于复合句。 一、状语从句： 状语从句Adverbial Clause，从句用作状语称为状语从句。根据用途，状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、方式、让步、结果、目的等状语从句。 I. 时间状语从句 时间状语从句表示时间，常用的关联词有when, until, as, after, before, once, since, as long as, whenever等等。 例: 1) When you cross a main road, you must be careful. 2) He went out to play football after he had finished his homework. 3) Wait until you are called. 4) I can't recognize you. You are so changed since last we met. 5) He didn't go to school until he was eleven. You can use my house as long as you are careful. He is so terrible once he is drunk. I listen to the radio while I walk every evening. II. 地点状语从句 地点状语从句表示地点，常用的关联词有where, wherever, anywhere等。 例如：1) Put it where you found it. 2) Sit down wherever you like. 3) Anywhere she goes, he goes too. III. 原因状语从句 原因状语从句表示原因或理由，常用的关联词有because, as, since, in case等。 1) I eat ice-cream so much because I like sweet food. 2) As I didn't know the way, I asked a policeman. 3) Since you won't help me, I'll ask someone else. I'll take my raincoat in case it rains. (in case it rains = because it may rain)我将带上雨衣，以防下雨。 IV. 条件状语从句 条件状语从句表示真实的或现实的条件，引导从句所用的关联词有if, unless, suppose, in case(that), in the event (that), as (so) long as等等。 1) If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman. You'll be late, unless you hurry. 3) Suppose we are late, what will he say? (suppose从句必须放在主句之前) 我们如果迟到了，他会说什么？ 4) In the event that our team wins, there will be a party. 5) In case it rains, do not expect me. 如果下雨，就不要等我了。
【专题八】主从复合句（状从、名从和定从） 【考点分析】 状语从句 1.when, while, as引导时间状语从句的区别； 2.名词词组the minute, the moment, the first time, each time, any time等用作连词，引导的时间状语从句； 3.before,和since引导时间状语从句的用法以及常见的几个句型； 4.till和until的用法； 5.although, though, as以及even if, even though引导让步状语从句的用法； 6.结果状语从句中“so…that”与“such…that”的区别； 7.条件状语从句unless, providing/provided, suppose/supposing等引导词的用法； 8.“疑问词+ever”和“no matter+疑问词”引导从句的用法； 9. in case引导的状语从句； 10.where引导的状语从句； 11.once引导的状语从句。 12.与祈使句、定语从句、名词从句、倒装句以及与强调句型的混合考查。
名词从句 1. that和what引导名词性从句的区别； 2.名词从句的语序和时态； 3. it作形式主语、形式宾语的几种情况； 4.宾语从句的否定转移； 5.whether和if的用法区别； 6.what在名词性从句中的使用； 7.doubt后的名词性从句的使用； 8.Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别； 9.连接词that的省略； 定语从句 1.that与which引导的定语从句的区别； 2.who、whom与whose引导的定语从句的区别； 3.关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句的区别； 4.对“as”引导定语从句的考查； 5. such…as与such…that的区别；the same…as与the same…that的区别； 6.对“介词+关系代词”的考查； 7.the way 作先行词时,定语从句的引导词作状语用in which ,that 或者省略； 8.含有插入语的定语从句； 9.与并列句、状语从句、同位语从句以及与强调句型的混合考查。
一、 宾语从句 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句，中考主要考查的知识点有三个：引导词、语序 和时态 1、宾语从句的引导词 宾语从句的引导词有三种：1）that ；2）whether/ if ；3）特殊疑问词What/ when/ where/ who 等。 He said that he could help me. Your mother asked if you could finish your work this week. Can you tell me when the sports meeting will begin ？ （1） that 引导的宾语从句： that 引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当，引导词that 没有实际意义，不在从句中作 任何成分， that 可以省略，而且从句成分齐全，句意完整。 He said (that) he could come on time. 他说他会准时来的。 （2）whether 或if 引导的宾语从句： 从属连词if, whether 引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的，变成从 句后，语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序。 Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday. I don’t care whether you like the story or not. 注意：以下情况一般只用whether 不用if 。 ① 接带to 的动词不定式。 She doesn’t know whether to go to the zoo. 她不知道是不是去动物园。 ② 与or not 连用时。 I’m not sure whether or not he will come on time. 他能否准时来，我说不准。 （3）疑问词引导的宾语从句： 此类宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，变成宾语从句后要用陈述语序，由wh-开头的疑问词 引导。wh-词包括who, whom, whose, what, which 等连接代词和where, when, how, why 等 连接副词，这些引导词有各自的意思，在从句中要作相应的成分，不能省略。例如： Could you tell me which gate we have to go to? He didn’t tell me how long he would stay here. 2、宾语从句的三个注意事项 1）语序：宾语从句要用陈述语序，原来的倒装语序改成陈述语序时注意相应的助动词和 动词的变化等。 把这两个简单句合成一个复合句： 鹰击长空—基础不丢
高考中考名校冲刺孝感戴氏教育 基础不丢鹰击长空— 宾语从句一、 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句，中考主要考查的知识点有三个：引导词、语序和时态1、宾语从句的引导词 宾语从句的引导词有三种：1）that；2）whether/ if；3）特殊疑问词What/ when/ where/ who等。He said that he could help me. Your mother asked if you could finish your work this week. Can you tell me when the sports meeting will begin？ （1）that引导的宾语从句： that引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当，引导词that没有实际意义，不在从句中作任何成分，that可以省略，而且从句成分齐全，句意完整。 He said (that) he could come on time. 他说他会准时来的。 （2）whether或if引导的宾语从句： 从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的，变成从句后，语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序。 Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday. I don't care whether you like the story or not. 注意：以下情况一般只用whether不用if。 ①接带to的动词不定式。 She doesn't know whether to go to the zoo. 她不知道是不是去动物园。 ②与or not连用时。 I'm not sure whether or not he will come on time. 他能否准时来，我说不准。 （3）疑问词引导的宾语从句： 此类宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，变成宾语从句后要用陈述语序，由wh-开头的疑问词引导。wh-词包括who, whom, whose, what, which等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词，这些引导词有各自的意思，在从句中要作相应的成分，不能省略。例如： Could you tell me which gate we have to go to? He didn't tell me how long he would stay here.
中考复习复合句 (C )1．Tom will call me as soon as he ___A___ home. （2010北京） A．gets B．has got C．got D．will get ( D )2．—I’m leaving now. —___B___ you turn off the lights. （2010浙江杭州） A. To make sure B. Make sure C. Made sure D. Making sure ( B )3. ---Shall I tell Bob the news? ---No, you __D___. I’ve told him already. A. shouldn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t ( B )4.We won’t start the meeting ___ our teacher arrives. （2010天津） A．though B．until C．while D．or ( B )5.He wanted to know ____D___ the English party. （2010天津） A．when will we have B．when we will have C．when would we have D．when we should have ( A )6.Jamie is a young cook ____ wants to improve school dinners. A．who B．whose C．whom D．which ( D )7.We will have no water to drink ____ we don’t protect the earth． A．until B．before C though D．if ( A )8.I want to know ________．（2010上海）A．when we should arrive at the airport B．when should we arrive at the airport C．when the airport we should arrive at D．when the airport should we arrive at ( B )9. ---Another cup of coffee? ---No, thanks. I __C__ be off. Mary is waiting for me. A. can B. may C. must D, might ( D )10.--David, look at the man in white over there. Can you tell me ____? —He is a doctor. （2010重庆） A．Who is he B．who he is C．what is he D．what he is ( A )11. ---What would you send to your sister as the Christmas gift? ---I haven’t decided yet. I _____ send her a handbag. A. shall B. may C. must D. should ( B )12.—______ is her daughter? —The girl on the right wearing blue jeans. （2010浙江杭州） A. Who B. What C. Which D. Where ( C )13.—________? —He’s very well．（2010云南昆明） A．Who’s your father B．How’s your father C．What’s your father D．Where’s your father ( )14.—Did you hear about the recent air crash? —Yeah，_____ a few this year，weren’t there? （2010云南昆明） A．there are B there aren’t C．there were D．there weren’t ( )15.—Look! It’s raining heavily.______ take a raincoat with you? —Well, I’ll take one right now. （2010重庆）A．Why not B．Why don’t C．Would you mind D．Would you like 自我检测一、单项选择 ( )1. I don’t know when _____. A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the train leave D. the train leave ( )2. Do you know what _____ with Jim? A. is wrong B. wrong is C. wrong was D. the matter is ( )3. －I want to know _____. －Why not go to the park? A. where I can go for a picnic B. where can I go for a picnic C. what I can go for a picnic D. what can I go for a picnic ( )4. I don’t think he is right, ______? A. do I B. isn’t he C. is he D. don’t I 精品文档