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复合句用法讲解

复合句用法讲解
复合句用法讲解

复合句

1、概述

复合句(complex sentence)由一个主句(main clause)和一个或一个以上的从句(subordinate clause)构成。主句是全句的主体,通常可以独立存在;从句则只用作句子的一个成分,不能独立。

After the students were all in the chemistry lab, the teacher brought out three bottles.在学生全都进入化学实验室后,老师拿出三个瓶子来。(主句是“the teacher brought out three bottles”,从句是“After the students were all in the chemistry lab”。)

Corn is a very useful plant that can be prepared in many different ways.玉米是一种非常有用的作物,可用许多不同的方法制作成食物。(主句是“Corn is a very useful plant”,从句是“that can be prepared in many different way s”。)

We also believe that many more people will prefer to travel by air.我们还认为会有更多的人愿意乘飞机旅行。(主句是“We also believe”但意义不完整,从句是“that many more people will prefer to travel by air”。)

2、从句的基本概念及其结构

从句不能独立成为一个句子,虽然它也有主语部分和谓语部分。从句通常由关联词引导,并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。从句的结构通常是:关联词+主语+谓语。

When I came home,my wife was cooking dinner. 我回家时,妻子在做晚饭。

He said that he would come. 他说他要来

Did you see the letter that I sent him? 你看到我寄给他的信了吗?

Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather.足球比赛是否举行将视天气而定。

3、关联词(connective)

引导从句的关联词共有下列5类:

(1)从属连词:that(无词义),before(在…前),whether(是否),after(在…之后),if (假如、是否),since(既然、自从), because(因为),as/so long as(只要),when(当时…候),so that(结果)

(2)疑问代词:who, which, whom, what, whose等。

(3)疑问副词:when, why, where, how

(4)关系代词:who, which, whom, that, whose

(5)关系副词:when, why, where

4、关联词在从句中的功用举例

We can't travel through the forest by road because there aren't any roads! 我们不能从陆路穿过森林,因为这儿根本没有路可走!(关联词是从属连词because,引导状语从句)

I think that it's wrong to eat monkeys, so I don't.我认为吃猴子是不对的,所以我不吃。(关联词是从属连词that,引导宾语从句,在从句中不作成分)

Anybody who breaks the rule is punished. 谁要是破坏了这条规则,谁就要受到惩罚。(关联词是关系代词who,引导定语从句,在从句中作主语)

Although it was expensive, we decided to buy the computer.虽然价钱昂贵,我们还是决定把计算机买下来。(关联词是从属连词although,引导状语从句)

Would you please let me know when you have a match?你们有比赛的时候,请告诉我好吗?(关联词是疑问副词when,引导宾语从句,在从句中作状语)

What we need is more time.我们需要的是更多的时间。(关联词是疑问代词what,引导主语从句,在从句中作宾语)

5、从句的功用和种类

从句在复合句中,可作主语、表语、宾语、同位语、定语、状语等,因此,可分为六类:即主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句。

The dam, which is the biggest in the world , is 3,830 metres long.这座水坝是世界上最大的一座,长3830米。(含有which引导的定语从句)

Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire broke out on the llth floor.当11层楼起火的时候,大楼内有500人在工作。(含有when引导的时间状语从句)

The chief editor decides which will be the most important story on the front page. 由主编决定哪篇报导最重要,应安排在头版。(含有which引导的宾语从句)

Whether she will come or not is still a question. 她是否会来仍是一个问题。(含有whether引导的主语从句)

That is where he was born. 这就是他出生的地方。(含有where引导的表语从句)

We heard the news that our team had won. 我们听到了我们球队己经获胜的消息。(含有that 引导的同位语从句)

11 中考英语复合句专练 A低档(学生版)

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再根据句意来选择合适的引导词:选项C:他为什么离开,答语应为离开的原因;选项B:他什么时候离开的.答语应为离开的时间,且为过去的时间.选项D:他将什么时候离开,答语为离开的时间,且为将来的时间.根据答语可排除C,B选项; 最后根据时态检验,主句为Could you tell me为一般现在时,从句时态可根据自身情况选择,根据答语知为将来的时间,故用一般将来时.故选D. 3、(?北京)-Can you tell me ? -He lives in Shanghai.( ) A.where Mark lives B.where does Mark live C.where Mark lived D.where did Mark live 【考点】宾语从句. 【分析】--你能告诉我Mark住在哪里吗? --他住在上海. 【解答】答案:A 根据Can you tell me ?再结合选项,可知Can you tell me后面是跟一个宾语从句,宾语从句中应该用陈述语序,即主语+谓语,所以排除B,D.再根据He lives in Shanghai.是说现在他住在上海.可知是一般现在时,故排除C.故选:A. 4、(?达州)----Could you tell me___Zhang Aiping's hometown? ----The day after tomorrow,I think.( ) A.when will you visit B.when you will visit

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复合句讲解

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简单句与复合句

简单句与复合句相互转换 1. We didn’t go out for a walk because it was raining. (变为简单句) We didn’t go out for a walk _______ _______ the rain. 2. He was so excited that he couldn‘t go to sleep. (变为简单句) He was _______ _______ _______ go to sleep. 3. I don‘t know when we will begin the work. (变为简单句) I don‘t know _______ _______ _______ the work. 4. You must finish all the work before you go to bed. (变为简单句) You must finish all the work _______ _______ to bed. 5. He got up early in order that he could catch the early bus. (变为简单句) He got up early _______ _______ _______ catch the early bus. 6. We all expect him to come to the party. (变为复合句) We all expect _______ _______ _______ come to the party. 7. We ca n’t decide where to go. (变为复合句) We can’t decide _______ _______ _______ go. 8. Please tell me when to leave for the front. (变为复合句) Please tell me _______ we _______ leave for the front. 9. Now I will show you how to do the work. (变为复合句) Now I will show you _______ _______ _______ do the work. 10. You should put them back after you use them. (变为复合句) You should put them back _______ _______ them. 11. Does the shop close at six every day? Do you know?(两句合并为一句) Do you know ___ the shop ____ at six every day? 12. The question isn't easy enough for them to answer.(改为复合句) The question is ______ that they ___ .

复合句详细讲解资料整理

【专题八】主从复合句(状从、名从和定从) 【考点分析】 状语从句 1.when, while, as引导时间状语从句的区别; 2.名词词组the minute, the moment, the first time, each time, any time等用作连词,引导的时间状语从句; 3.before,和since引导时间状语从句的用法以及常见的几个句型; 4.till和until的用法; 5.although, though, as以及even if, even though引导让步状语从句的用法; 6.结果状语从句中“so…that”与“such…that”的区别; 7.条件状语从句unless, providing/provided, suppose/supposing等引导词的用法; 8.“疑问词+ever”和“no matter+疑问词”引导从句的用法; 9. in case引导的状语从句; 10.where引导的状语从句; 11.once引导的状语从句。 12.与祈使句、定语从句、名词从句、倒装句以及与强调句型的混合考查。

名词从句 1. that和what引导名词性从句的区别; 2.名词从句的语序和时态; 3. it作形式主语、形式宾语的几种情况; 4.宾语从句的否定转移; 5.whether和if的用法区别; 6.what在名词性从句中的使用; 7.doubt后的名词性从句的使用; 8.Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别; 9.连接词that的省略; 定语从句 1.that与which引导的定语从句的区别; 2.who、whom与whose引导的定语从句的区别; 3.关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句的区别; 4.对“as”引导定语从句的考查; 5. such…as与such…that的区别;the same…as与the same…that的区别; 6.对“介词+关系代词”的考查; 7.the way 作先行词时,定语从句的引导词作状语用in which ,that 或者省略; 8.含有插入语的定语从句; 9.与并列句、状语从句、同位语从句以及与强调句型的混合考查。

【最新】-【12】中考英语专项复习 句子的类型Ⅱ 复合句

复合句 01 命题趋势考标导向化 近几年对复合句的考查主要包括宾语从句(包括直接引语与 间接引语的互换)、状语从句和定语从句。预计年对宾语从句的考 查仍然会是宾语从句的语序和时态,状语从句中连词的选择和时 态;对定语从句的考查重点是关系代词的选用。 02 定义概念清晰化 1.宾语从句指在复合句中充当宾语的从句,常常位于及物动 词或介词之后,作宾语。宾语从句的引导词是由宾语从句的句子 类型决定的,常考的引导词有that, if, whether, what, which, when, where, how, why等,宾语从句中的时态由主句中谓语动词的时态 来决定。 2.直接引语指的是直接引用别人的原话,两边用引号标出; 间接引语是指用自己的语言转述别人的话。直接引语变间接引语 时在句型、人称、时态、语序、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语 等方面都要进行变化。 3.在复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等的句子叫 状语从句,在句中起到状语的作用。常考的状语从句有时间状语 从句(由when,while,before,not…until等引导)、条件状语从句(由 if,unless,as long as等引导)、原因状语从句(由because,since等引导)、 结果状语从句(由so that,so…that…等引导)、目的状语从句(由in order that等引导)、让步状语从句(由though,although等引导)。 4.定语从句是指在句中作定语,用来修饰名词、名词性词组 或代词的句子。被定语从句修饰的名词、名词性词组或代词叫做 先行词,在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。定 语从句常用的关系代词有who,whose,that,which,关系副词有when,where,why等。 03 知识归类知识网络化 1/ 5

简单句和复合句

简单句五种基本句型: 句子包含主要句子成分(主语、谓语)和次要句子成分(表语、宾语、宾语补足语),按照动词的性质将英语简单句划分为以下五种基本句型: 1、基本句型的词序: 2、划分符号(没有统一规定,仅供参考): 3、例句:Jim is working [very hard] [now].(他现在正非常努力地工作。) She is young.(她年轻。) It looks like rain. (天看上去要下雨。) The boy [always] kicked the dog [with his feet].(这男孩老是用脚踢那只狗。) He has [never] bought me a toy [since last year]. (从去年起他没给我买过一个玩具。) He felt something (cold) .(他感到有个冰冷的东西顺着腿上爬。) 分, “√√√”表示某种词类最经常充当某个成分。 “×”表示某种词类不能 充当某个成分。 2、“ * ”表示该成分可以由从句充当,如主语从句、宾语从句、状语从句等。 十三、并列复合句 1、基本概念: 并列复合句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。两个简单句常由并列 连接词连在一起;但有时不用连接词,只在两个简单句之间用一逗号或分号。 2、常见的并列句: (1) 用来连接两个并列概念的连接词有and , not only…but also…, neither…nor…等,and 所连接的前后分句往往表示先后关系、递进关系。前后分句的时态往往保 持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。 (2) 表示在两者之间选择一个, 常用的连接词有or,otherwise,or else,either…or…等,前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。 (3) 表明两个概念彼此有矛盾、相反或者转折, 常用的连接词有but,yet,still ,however 等,前后分句时态一致。 主谓句型:S -V i 。 主系表句型:S -V link -P 主谓宾句型:S -V t.-O 主谓双宾句型:S -V t -O 间宾-O 直宾 主谓宾补句型:S -V t -O -C

复合句用法讲解

复合句 1、概述 复合句(complex sentence)由一个主句(main clause)和一个或一个以上的从句(subordinate clause)构成。主句是全句的主体,通常可以独立存在;从句则只用作句子的一个成分,不能独立。 After the students were all in the chemistry lab, the teacher brought out three bottles.在学生全都进入化学实验室后,老师拿出三个瓶子来。(主句是“the teacher brought out three bottles”,从句是“After the students were all in the chemistry lab”。) Corn is a very useful plant that can be prepared in many different ways.玉米是一种非常有用的作物,可用许多不同的方法制作成食物。(主句是“Corn is a very useful plant”,从句是“that can be prepared in many different way s”。) We also believe that many more people will prefer to travel by air.我们还认为会有更多的人愿意乘飞机旅行。(主句是“We also believe”但意义不完整,从句是“that many more people will prefer to travel by air”。) 2、从句的基本概念及其结构 从句不能独立成为一个句子,虽然它也有主语部分和谓语部分。从句通常由关联词引导,并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。从句的结构通常是:关联词+主语+谓语。 When I came home,my wife was cooking dinner. 我回家时,妻子在做晚饭。 He said that he would come. 他说他要来 Did you see the letter that I sent him? 你看到我寄给他的信了吗? Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather.足球比赛是否举行将视天气而定。 3、关联词(connective) 引导从句的关联词共有下列5类: (1)从属连词:that(无词义),before(在…前),whether(是否),after(在…之后),if (假如、是否),since(既然、自从), because(因为),as/so long as(只要),when(当时…候),so that(结果) (2)疑问代词:who, which, whom, what, whose等。 (3)疑问副词:when, why, where, how (4)关系代词:who, which, whom, that, whose (5)关系副词:when, why, where 4、关联词在从句中的功用举例 We can't travel through the forest by road because there aren't any roads! 我们不能从陆路穿过森林,因为这儿根本没有路可走!(关联词是从属连词because,引导状语从句) I think that it's wrong to eat monkeys, so I don't.我认为吃猴子是不对的,所以我不吃。(关联词是从属连词that,引导宾语从句,在从句中不作成分) Anybody who breaks the rule is punished. 谁要是破坏了这条规则,谁就要受到惩罚。(关联词是关系代词who,引导定语从句,在从句中作主语) Although it was expensive, we decided to buy the computer.虽然价钱昂贵,我们还是决定把计算机买下来。(关联词是从属连词although,引导状语从句) Would you please let me know when you have a match?你们有比赛的时候,请告诉我好吗?(关联词是疑问副词when,引导宾语从句,在从句中作状语) What we need is more time.我们需要的是更多的时间。(关联词是疑问代词what,引导主语从句,在从句中作宾语)

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