动词的分类
动词种类实义动词连系动词助动词情态动词
（重点）
及物动词
不及物动词
状态系动词
持续系动词
表像系动词
感官系动词
变化系动词
终止系动词
Be Do
Shall Will
have
Can May
Must Have to
Shall Will
Need dare
动词形式动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词
一般时过去时完成时、被动语态进行时、动词词
一、动词的分类
按照动词在句中的作用，英语动词可分为四类；实义动词，连系动词，助动词和情态动词。
1、实义动词（行为动词）
实义动词（行为动词）说明动作或状态，能独立作谓语，可分为及物动词和不及物动词。
（1）及物动词
及物动词必须接宾语，才能有完整的意思，这可以有三种情况；
①动词+宾语Her father enjoys warm tea very much in summer.她的父亲夏天非常爱喝热茶。
②动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（直接宾语是谓语动词的承受者，间接宾语表示谓语动作的方向（对谁做）或动作的目标（为谁做），间接宾语紧接在谓语动词后，但它不能单独存在。）
Did he give you a present yesterday?
May I ask you a question?
③动词+宾语+宾补
They call her "Little Li".他们叫她小李。
They elected Bush president.他们选布什当总统
(2)不及物动词
不及物动词本身有完整的意思其后不需要跟宾语。例如：
His mother works in a hospital.（介词短语做地点）
She stayed at home yesterday.（介短）
A. 记住下面这些可带双宾语的动词
buy, bring, build, cook, cut, draw, find, hand, get, leave, lend,make, offer pay, pass, read,return, show, sell, tell, teach, write等。
B. 记住下面带宾补的动词
①要求名词作宾补的动词call, name, make, leave, think等。
②要求形容词作宾补的动词want, keep, find, get, paint, turn, cut等。
2、连系动词
连系动词本身有意义，但不能在句子中单独作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语，用来说明主语的状态、性质或身份。连系动词分很多种，
(1) 状态系动词：只有be一词。如：
She is always like that. 她总是那样。
(2) 持续系动词：表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, rest, lie, stand。如：
I hope you’ll keep fit. 我希望你身体好。
He stayed single. 他仍然是单身。
(3) 表像系动词：表示“看起来好像”，主要有seem, appear, look等。如：
He looks tired. 他看起来很累。
He seems (to be) quite happy. 他好像很快活。
(4) 感官系动词：表示“……起来”，有feel(摸起来，感觉) , smell(闻起来) , sound(听起来) , taste(尝起来，吃起来) 等。如：
This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布摸起来很软。
He looks honest, but actually he’s a rogue. 他看起来很老实，实际他是一个坏蛋。
They all look alike to me. 他们的模样我看起来都一样。
Everybody feels contented. 每个人都感到很满足。
(5) 变化系动词：表示主语变成什么样，主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run
He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。
She had grown thinner and thinner. 她越来越瘦了。
His cold was growing worse. 他的感冒越来越严重了。
She’s growing fat. 她正在发胖。
(6) 终止系动词：主要有prove, turn out(结果是，证明是) 等。如：
His story proved false. 他讲的情况原来是假的。
His advice proved sound. 他的劝告证明是对的。
My intuition turned out to be correct. 我的直觉证明是对的。
3、助动词
助动词本身没有意义，只能和主要动词一起构成各种时态、语态、语气等动词形式，或表示否定，疑问等结构中的谓语动词。常用的助动词有：shall（should, will(would), have(has, had), , do(does, did), be(am, is, are, was, were, been, being)等。
I don't know where he is.（否定句）
Do you have a dictionary with you? (疑问句)
I have been to Shanghai twice.（现在完成时）
There will be a meeting tomorrow morning.（一般将来时）
(1) be (am, is, are, were, been)
“be + -ing”构成进行时态；“be + 过去分词”构成被动语态；
“be + 动词不定式”构成复合谓语：
①表示按计划安排要发生的事。
The prime minister is to visit Japan next year. 总理将于明年访问日本。
②用于命令。
You're to do your homework before you watch TV.你得做完了作业才能看电视。
(2) have (has, had)
(1)“have+过去分词”构成完成时态。
如：Have you seen the film ?
“have been + -ing”构成完成进行时态。
如：What have you been doing these days? 这些日子你一直在干什么?
(3)do (does, did)
“do not + 动词原形”构成行为动词的否定式。
如：His brother doesn’t like playing basketball.；
②“Do + 主语+ 动词原形”构成行为动词的一般疑问句。
Does he go to school by bike every day?
③“do + 动词原形”用于祈使句或陈述句中表示加强语气。
如：I did go to see him, but he wasn’t in.我确实去看望他了，但他不在家。
Do do some work. 请一定做点什么；
④代替前面刚出现的动词以避免重复。
My mother told me to go to bed early. So I did.妈妈告诉我要早点睡觉，我的确这样做了。
(4).will, shall (would, should)
“will (shall+动词原形”构成一般将来时，一般来说shall用于第一人称，will用于第二人称或第三人称，口语中常用will代替shall，如：We will have a meeting to discuss the problem.
4、情态动词
情态动词表示说话人在能力、必要、义务或猜测等方面的语气或态度，有自已的词义，但不能单独作谓语动词，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语动词，只有情态动词ought要和带to的动词不定式连用,将情态动词置于主语之前即构成其疑问式，在情态动词之后加not既构成其否定式。没有人称和数的变化。如：can, may, must, would, should, need, dare, might, used to 等。
二、动词的基本形式
英语的动词变化较为复杂，通过其本身词形的变化和与助动词及情态动词的连用，表示不同的时态、语态及语气。多数动词的基本形式有四种：现在式；过去式；过去分词；现在分词。
1.现在式：动词的现在式即动词原形（如：meet, do, like等），用于祈使句、不定式的时态中的一般现在时，但碰到单数第三人称时，需要在动词原形词尾加-s(其构成法与名词复数的构成法及读单相同，如meets, does, likes, studies。
I live in the center of the town.我住在市中心。
He often goes to school by bus.他经常乘公共汽车上学。
Sometimes they play basketball in the weekends. 有时他们在周末打篮球。
2、过去式：过去式主要用于过去时（不因人称和数而弯化），有规则和不规则两种变化。多数动词都是规则动词，在动词原形之后-ed构成过去式（和过去分词），如:liked, studied。不规则动词的变化则应特别记忆（或查不规则动词表），如：met did。
I went home at half past five yesterday.
I was glad to receive you letter of 16th May.
过去分词：与have或had构成完成时态，与be构成被动时态。构成情况与过去式相同。developed countries 发达国家boiled water开水frozen food冷冻食品spoken English英语口语
Tom has already passed this exam.
She said she had borrowed a new book
4、现在分词：一般情况在词尾加-ing looking, walking
以不发音的字母e结尾的，去掉e后再加-ing make-making, lose-losing
以重读闭音节结尾，词尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ing
run-running, get-getting, begin-beginning
现在分词的作用是，可与be构成进行时，或用作形容词或动名词。
developing countries 发展中国家boiling water 沸腾的水freezing wind 刺骨的寒风
I heard the senior students singing in the hall.
My father was cooking when I got home yesterday.
作业：
1. If they _________ to do this work, he might do it some other way.
A. were
B. should
C. will
D. can
2. I was told yesterday that the company _________ me to Rome next week for a business conference.
A. should have sent
B. were going to send
C. should be sending
D.should send
3. Let's take a walk, ________? A. will we B. don't we C. do we D. shall we
4. He was a good swimmer so he _________ swim to the river bank when the boat sank.
A. could
B. might
C. should
D. was able to
5. I went to the doctor's yesterday, I had to wait for half an hour before he ________ see me.
A. can
B. may
C. might
D. could
时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式,表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态.英语中的时态是通 过动词形式本身的变化来实现的.英语有16种时态,但中学阶段较常用的有十种:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去完成时,英在完成时和现在完成进行时. 1.一般现在时的用法 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语： every..., sometimes, at..., on Sunday。例如： I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如： The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 3) 表示格言或警句。例如： Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如： I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。 I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。
动词概述 一、实义动词 ■①及物动词与不及物动词 根据后面是否带宾语，行为动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词。Vt. vi . They study hard. I know them well. 注：有的动词既可作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。如： She sings very well. She sang an English song just now. 英语里有不少实义动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，____不变。试比较： Shall I begin at once? She began working as a librarian after she left school. When did they leave Chicago?They left last week. 短语： ■②动态动词和静态动词 动态动词表示动作，如give, take, work, run等；静态动词表示感觉、情感、内心世界、相互关系等，如know, exist, be, have, appear, prove, concern, hate, dislike, like, love, surprise, include, depend on, belong to, guess, suppose，imagine, believe, doubt, admire, envy等。 ■③延续性动词和非延续性动词 根据动作是否延续，行为动词又分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。如rain, live, work, learn等是延续性动词，go, come, leave, start, arrive, join, finish, end等是非延续性动词。 注：非延续性动词在肯定句中通常不与表示时间段连用的for短语连用。如：[译]他离开这里三天了。 [误]He has left here for three days. [正]He has been away from here for three days. [正]He left here three days ago. [正]It’s three days since he left. ■④限定动词与非限定动词
表格式一般现在时态和语态 2. Jenny (has) a good friend? 3. Brian （not live) in China. 4. Li Ming with me (be) in Beijing. 5. If it （not rain）tomorrow, we will go to the park. 6. Our teacher said that the earth (go)around the sun yesterday. 7.He （help）the old man every week . 8.The old man （help）by him every week. 9.The building (visit) by many people every year.
一一般现在时 （一）定义：主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作， 句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等 He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. The earth goes around the sun. Guangzhou is situated in the south of China. （二）标志词： always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever，every week (day, year, month…), once /twice a week, on Sundays, （三）谓语动词构成： 1 be动词的一般现在时：am is are（"是"，“在”） 2 当谓语动词是行为动词的时候： （1）当主语不是第三人称单数的时候，一般现在时用行为动词的原形 （2）主语是he,she,it等第三人称单数（除去I,you以外的任何一个单数的名词或者代词），动词要变形加s或es． （温馨提示：动词变形要符合两个条件：1，主语是三单，2，句子是肯定句） （四）.基本结构： 1，肯定句：主语+谓语（+其他的） He loves sports. Jane is an outgoing girl. （主语He是三单，又是肯定句，所以谓语动词发生变形，加上了s） Tom and Tim both have medium height. He has a big mouth. We like the dog very much. 2，否定句：主语+don’t或者doesn’t+动词原形+其他(在be或者后面加上do does) Candy doesn’t do her housework every day. We don’t dance . He isn’t a worker. 3，一般疑问句：Do (Does)+主语+动词原形+其他？（把be或者do does 提到主语的前面）Does she like English? Yes,she does. No,she doesn’t. Do you swim in summer? Are you a teacher? 4，特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句Where does Tom come from? （五) 一般现在时态用法 （1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与这样的时间状语连用： eg: We always help each other. It often snows in winter. I get up early every morning. （2）表示主语现在的特征、性格、能力等。 eg: He loves sports. Jane is an outgoing girl. Tom and Tim both have medium height. （3）表示客观、普遍真理 eg: Two and four makes six. Water boils at 100℃The moon moves round the earth。The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. （4）表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。 （六）一般现在时态的考点：
一．动词概述 注：英语行为动词也可以分为及物动词和不及物动词。及物动词是必须带宾语的动词。可以分为两类：（1）及物动词+宾语（2）及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 My mother bought me a gift. (可以接双宾语的词有：give, teach, buy, l end, find, hand, l eave, sell, show, read, pay, make, offer, buil d, pass, bring, cook等 不及物动词不需要跟宾语，本身意义完整。有些不及物动词加上介词后变成及物性短语动词，后跟宾语。She did not reply to my l etter。 英语中接双宾语的动词 award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. 颁奖给某人 bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. 把某物带给某人 hand sb. sth. =hand sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人 lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 mail sb. sth. = mail sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 将某物给某人 owe sb. sth. = owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物 pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人 pay sb. sth. = pay sth. to sb. 付给某人某物（钱） post sb. sth. = post sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人 read sb. sth. = read sth. to sb. 把某物读给某人听 return sb.sth. = return sth. to sb. 把某物还给某人 send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物送给某人 sell sb. sth. = sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人 serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. 拿某物招待某人 show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 拿某物给某人看 take sb. sth. = take sth. to sb. 把某物拿给某人 teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb. 教某人某物 tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某情况 throw sb. sth. = throw sth. to sb. 把某物扔给某人 write sb. sth. = write sth. to sb. 给某人写信 2、双宾语易位时需借助介词for的常用动词 book sb. sth. = book sth. for sb. 为某人预定某物 buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物 choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb. 为某人选某物 cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb. 为某人煮某物
（英语）初中英语试卷英语短语动词题分类汇编及解析 一、短语动词 1．– Jenny, the teacher will ________ your mobile phone if you use it in class. – Sorry, I won't do that again. A. take out B. take away C. take off 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】A. take out取出，去掉，出发，B. take away带走，拿走，取走，C. take off起飞，脱下，离开。句意：Jenny，如果你在教室使用手机，老师将会把它拿走。故选B。 【点评】考查动词短语的用法。 2．—Alice, don't put your things here, ___________. —OK, I will. A. put away them B. put on them C. put them away D. put them on 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:一爱丽丝，不要把你的东西放在这儿，把它们放好。一好的，我会的。put away放好，抛弃，储存。 put on穿上，上演，增加;两个词组在运用时，当宾语是代词时都放在词组中间。因为第一句things是复数，所以用代词them 来代替。由句意可知选C。 3．Nowadays more and more people ________ food safety. A. pay attention to B. look after C. take it easy D. look out 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：现在，越来越多的人注意食品安全。pay attention to注意；look after照顾；take it easy别着急；look out当心。故选A。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析。 4． I would rather _____ hiking than _____ swimming. A. to go , to go B. going, going C. go ,go D. go, going 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意:我宁愿去徒步旅行也不愿去游泳。本句中考查的句型是would rather do sth. than do sth.，宁愿做……也不愿做……，两部分中都用动词的原形。故选C。【点评】考查动词。
动词学案 Class：Name: ◆Teaching Aims: ★To learn the classifications of the verbs. ★To master their usage through cooperation and exploration. ◆Teaching Procedures: 一、动词的分类 1. 实义动词 实义动词时能独立作谓语的动词。根据动词在句子中是否可以接宾语，可以把实义动词分为 __________动词和_________动词两种类型。按其持续性可分为_____________动词和___________动词。（1）及物动词 及物动词本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。 ①动词+宾语 My brother is ________ ______ ________(fly)on the playground. ②动词+宾语+宾补 The teacher made his students___________(happiness) by doing some games. 翻译：We call English teacher Zhang Sir. ____________________________________________________ 注意：带省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的动词有：make, let, see, watch, notice, hear等。 ③动词+双宾语 My mother gives me a new bike. 注意：有些间接宾语（人）放在直接宾语（事物）之后时，间接宾语前要加to。常用的此类词有bring、give、hand、pass、pay、post、return、sell、show、teach、tell、throw、lend等。 Hand me that book, please. = Hand____________________________________. 有些间接宾语（人）放在直接宾语（事物）之后时，间接宾语前要加for。常用的此类词有buy、choose、cook、draw、book、find、get、make、order等。 My mom bought me a nice backpack. = My mom________________________________________. （2）不及物动词 不及物动词一般不可以接宾语，但是有些不及物动词与一些介词、副词等词搭配在一起构成短语动词，它的作用等于一个及物动词。请在横线上加上适当的介词! ①We arrived______ the station at five. ②He turned _______ the light when he left. ③He takes pride_______ doing a job well. 注意：有些动词既可作及物动词也可作不及物动词。常用的此类动词有turn、open、close、start、change、drive、play、meet、win、study等。 The girl turned her head and smiled. 这个女孩子转过头笑一笑。
1、一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。He usually goes to w ork at 7 o’clock every morning. The earth goes around the sun. Guangzhou is situated in the south of China. 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 考点三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋宾语从句，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment. 只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。 考点四：在the more… the more … (越……越……) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时。 The harder you study, the better results you will get. 2、现在进行时 表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。
高中英语时态语态讲解 1、一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作；表示客观规律和永恒真理；按照计划安排好了将要发生的动作（一般指时 刻表）等 He usually goes to w ork at 7 o’clock every morning. The train to Shanghai leaves at 7am. 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间、方式、让步和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。 2、现在进行时 表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动；或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。 We are having English class. The house is being built these days. The little boy is always making trouble. 考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。Look out when you are crossing the street. Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning. 考点二：表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。 Marry is leaving on Friday. 3、现在完成时 （1）非延续动作：动作发生在过去，对现在有影响。（2）延续性动作：动作和状态的持续。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语： 考点一：for + 时间段；since + 时间点 They have lived in Beijing for five years. They have lived in Beijing since 1995. 考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days, Has it stopped raining yet ? 考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。 in the past；over the past; during the last等 考点四：表示“第几次做某事，”或在“It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词＋that” 后面,主句是一般现在时态时，从句用现在完成时。 This is my first time that I have visited China. This is the most interesting film I have ever seen. 4．一般过去时 表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用, 注意： 考点一：used to + do，表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。 be/become/get used to + doing，表示习惯于 He used to smoke a lot. He has got used to getting up early. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。 He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise 5. 过去进行时
动词的时态和语态用法详解 在英语中，不同时间里发生的动作或存在的状态需要用动词的不同形式表示出来，动词的这种不同 形式就构成了动词的时态。 英语中的时态按动作发生时间分为现在时态、过去时态、将来时态 二、常见时态的基本用法 1. 一般现在时：一般现在时是描述现在或经常性的动作性质或状态的时态。常和表示频率、时间的副词 （短语） always, every time, now and the n, occasi on ally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually 连用。 1） 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。 We have three meals a day. 2） 表示客观事实、真理和自然现象。 Kno wledge is power. 3）表示现在的情况或状态。 I live in Beiji ng. 4）表示已经“列入日程”的将来的事件，尤其指计划中的和安排好的将来的动作，这些动词往往表示“出 发，到达”等含义 的词， 女口， arrive, begin, go, leave, start, stay 等。 The train arrives at 10:30. There's ple nty of time. 。 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。 如: I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, on ce, the mome nt/the minu te, the day; 条件：if, uni ess, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 考点三：在 make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter 替一般将来时。 So long as he works hard, I don ' t mind when he finish 考点四：在 the more …the more …(越 ..................... 越 ... )句型中 在时。 The harder you study, the better results you will get. 2. 一般过去时：一般过去时表示过去发生的动作、存在的状态，或反复发生的动作，句中一般都有表示 过去具体时间的时间 状语。 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或状态。 此时与表示过去的时间状语连用， 如yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1998 等。 +宾语从句，从句用一般现在时代 es the experime nt. ,若主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现
英语短语动词试题类型及其解题技巧及解析 一、短语动词 1．The company wants to a school for the poor children． A. put off B. set up C. call in D. look after 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：这家公司想为贫困儿童建一所学校。put off推迟；延期；set up 建立；call in召集；打电话；look after照顾。故选B。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析。 2．--- Who is Dave looking ______? --- His mother. She's been in hospital for a few days. A. for B. after C. at D. up 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——Dave在照顾谁？——他妈妈，她住院好几天了。look after照 顾；look for寻找；look at看；look up查找。根据in hospital可知选B。 【点评】考查介词辨析，牢记look的固定搭配。 3．Joe has caused many problems and his dad can't ______ good ways to solve his trouble. A. come up with B. catch up with C. work out D. write down 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】come up with”想出“；catch up with”赶上“；work out”解决“；write down” 写下来“。句意为：Joe惹出许多麻烦，他的爸爸想不出方法来解决他的麻烦。”想出方法 “用come up with，故选A。 【点评】考查短语动词的辨析。 4．If you want to know more about space, please ___________ the book A Brief History of Time. A. look through B. look around C. look after D. look down upon 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：如果你想多了解太空，请浏览《时间简史》这本书。look through 浏览；look around环顾四周；look after照顾；look down upon瞧不起。根据句意，故答案 为A。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析。熟记短语，理解句意，根据语境判断选项。
高中英语时态讲解 英语的基本时态由三种“时”(时间)，四种“态”(状态)交叉构成。 三种“时”：过去现在将来四种“态”：常态进行态完成态完成进行态一般时进行时完成时完成进行时 现在 study be studying have studied have been studying 过去 studied be studying had studied had been studying 将来will study wil be studying will have studied will have been studying 过去将来would study would be studying would have studied would have been studying 时态(Tense)是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。 Ⅰ现在时态：四种 1.一般现在时态：表示现存的状态(be动词)，经常做的动作 I do it. 我(经常)做这件事。 2.现在进行时态：表示正在进行的动作 I am doing it. 我(现在)正在做这件事。 3.现在完成时态：表示现在已经完成，对现在产生影响，形成结果 I have done it. 我(现在)已经做完这件事了。 4.现在完成进行时态：表示一直在进行的动作(字面意思已经在进行) I have been doing it. 我(现在)一直正在做这件事。 Ⅱ过去时态：四种 5.一般过去时态：表示过去存在的状态(be动词)，经常做的动作 I did it. 我(过去经常)做这件事。 6.过去进行时态：表示过去正在进行的动作 I was doing it. 我(过去的某个时间)正在做这件事。 7.过去完成时态：表示过去已经完成，对过去的某个时间产生影响，形成结果 I had done it. 我(过去的某个时间)已经做完这件事了。 8.过去完成进行时态：表示一直在进行的动作(字面意思已经在进行) I had been doing it. 我(到过去的某个时间)一直在做这件事。 Ⅲ将来时态：四种 9.一般将来时态：表示将来存在的状态(be动词)，将来经常做的动作 I will do it. 我将要做这件事。 10.将来进行时态：表示将来正在进行的动作 I will be doing it. 我将要正在做这件事。 11.将来完成时态：表示到将来的某个时间已经完成，对那个时间产生影响，形成结果 I will have done it. 我(到将来的某个时间)已经做完这件事了。 12.将来完成进行时态：表示将来一直在进行的动作(字面意思已经在进行) I will have been doing it. 我(到将来的某个时间)将一直在做这件事。 Ⅳ过去将来时态：四种(平时根本用不到，只在讲故事或小说中出现) 13.一般过去将来时态：表示对过去的某一时间来讲的将来存在的状态(be动词)，将来经常做的动作，对现在来讲已成过去 I would do it.
高考英语热点动词十五类 动词是英语中最活跃的词类，是句子的核心成分。此外，英语动词的变化较多，形式颇为复杂，是英语学习的难点之一。历届高考英语试题常把动词作为测试的重点，在单项填空题中所占比例在50%以上。笔者通过对近十年来的高考英语试题进行分析，归纳常考动词十五类，供大家参考。 一、连系动词类 连系动词按其所表示的意义可分为以下四种： 1．变化类表事物发展变化的过程，如become, go, turn, grow, get, fall等。 2．感觉类表人体部位的感受，如feel, smell, taste, look, sound等。 3．状态类表事物所处的状态，如keep, come, run, remain, stand, lie, stay, prove等。 4．外表特征类表外表给人的印象，如appear, seem, look等。 连系动词的作用是后接形容词或相当于形容词的结构作表语。除了少数几个（如feel, get, become, grow等）外，不用于进行时态和被动结构。例如： The mixture is tasted terrible.（误） The mixture tastes terrible（正） Jim pretended to be falling asleep when his mother came in.（误） Jim pretended to fall /be asleep when his mother came in.（正） I'm feeling much better than ever before. It was getting darker and darker. Besides, a cold rain began to fall. 【高考例题】 (1) ---Do you like the material? ---Yes, it ____ very soft. (NMET94) A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt (2) Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It will ____ fresh for several days. (NMET 03) A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed (3) The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ____ as the plane was making a landing. (04春季高考上海卷） A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating (4) Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may ____ run over by a car. (02高考北京卷） A. have B. get C. become D. turn (5) Happy birthday, Alice. So you have ____ twenty-one already. (04天津卷）
外研版英语动词基本形式综合分类解析 一、动词基本形式 1．Mr Wu keeps __________ his students that the future belongs to the well-educated. A. telling B. to tell C. ordering D. to order 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：吴老师一直告诉他的学生，未来属于受过良好教育的人。tell告诉；order命令，老师是给学生们讲道理，可知此处用tell；keep doing sth持续做某事。固定短语，故选A。 【点评】此题考查固定短语。keep doing sth.固定短语。 2．Classic music ________ nice to most old people. A. hears B. sounds C. looks D. listens 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：古典音乐对于大部分老年人来说听起来很舒服。hear听见；sound听起来；look看起来；listen听。这里根据空后的形容词nice可知要用sound,故选B。 【点评】考查动词辨析。 3．—Listen, the music sweet. —It's Yesterday Once More, my favorite. A. sounds B. smells C. feels D. looks 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：—听，这音乐听起来很甜美。—是昨日重现，我最爱的音乐。music“音乐”应该是“听起来”很甜美。sound符合句意。故答案为A。 【点评】考查动词辨析，注意感官动词的用法。 4．I like to the shoes special heels. A. wear; has B. wear; with C. put on; has D. put on; with 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】wear穿（强调状态）；put on穿上（强调动作）；has有（动词单三式）；with有（介词）句意：我喜欢穿有特殊跟的鞋子。根据句意可知第一空应填表状态的动词wear，第二空应填表补充伴随的介词with。故选B。
英语一共有多少种时态 时态是英语中一个重要的语法范畴，它表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态以及动作发生或存在的方式。动作发生的时间可分为现在、过去、将来和过去将来四种形式，动作发生的方式可分为一般、完成、进行和完成进行四种形式。将时间形式和动作方式结合起来，就构成了以下16种时态形式(以do为例)： 时态详解：一般现在时 1. 一般现在时的应用 (1)表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。常用频度副词sometimes, often, always, usually, seldom及时间副词every day / night / week / month / year, in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at night做状语。如：He often stays up late. 他常熬夜。 We go home every month. 我们每月都要回家。 I watch TV at night. 我晚上看电视。 (2)表示客观真理或永恒的状态。如：
The earth travels round the sun. 地球绕太阳旋转。 Trees turn green in spring. 春天树木变绿。 Liquid turns into gas when it is hot enough. 足够热时，液体变为气体。 Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 (3)现阶段的状态。常跟时间副词now连用。如： He lives in Beijing now. 他现在住在北京。 She is at home. 她在家。 They work in that factory. 他们在那家工厂工作。 (4)习惯性的爱好或行为。如： I like dancing while she likes singing. 我喜欢跳舞，而她喜欢唱歌。 We get up at six. 我们六点起床。 He studies very hard. 他学习很刻苦。 (5)表示已经计划、安排好了或时间表上所安排，并且一定要做的事情。用于这种句型的动词主要是瞬间动词：come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, stop, close, open等。如： The train arrives at five past eight and leaves at ten past eight. 火车八点过五分到，八点过十分离开。 Our class begins at 7:45. 我们的课七点四十五开始。 The shop opens at eight o’clock. 商店八点开门。 (6) 时间、条件、方式及让步状语从句中的谓语动词是将来的动作或状态时，用一般现在时表示。如： If you come, we will wait for you. 如果你来，我们就等你。 When he gets here, the work will be finished. 当他到这儿时，工作将做完了。 Though he disagrees with us, he will do as we decided. 尽管他不赞成我们当观点，他还是会按我们的决定去做。 (7) 在某些习惯表达法中，常用一般现在时表示已经发生过的动作或存在的状态。如： They say Wu Dong is ill. 据说吴东病了。
1.(2002全国高考题)—You haven’t said a word about my new coat，Brenda.Do you like it? —I’m sorry I ________ anything about it sooner.I certainly think it’s pretty on you. A.wasn’t saying B.don’t say C.won’t say D.didn’t say 2.(2002全国高考题)I wonder why Jenny ________us recently.We should have heard from her by now. A.hasn’t written B.doesn’t write C.won’t write D.hadn’t written 3.(2003北京春季高考题)—When will you come to see me，Dad? —I will go to see you when you ________ the training course. A.will have finished B.will finish C.are finishing D.finish 4.(2003北京春季高考题)—How long ________ at this job? —Since 1990. A.were you employed B.have you been employed C.had you been employed D.will you be employed 5.(2003上海春季高考题)By the end of last year，another new gymnasium ________ in Beijing. A.would be completed B.was being completed C.has been completed D.had been completed 6.(2002北京高考题)The little girl ________her heart out because she ________ her toy bear and believed she wasn’t ever going to find it. A.had cried; lost B.cried; had lost C.has cried; has lost D.cries; has lost 7.(2002北京高考题)—Excuse me，sir.Would you do me a favor? —Of course.What is it? —I ________ if you could tell me how to fill out this form. A.had wondered B.was wondering