商务英语期末复习
Unit 2
1c词汇用下面的词语填进下列句子的空格中
1、Managers have to decide how best to allocate the human, physical and capital resources （资源、财力）available
to them.
2、Managers – logically – have to make sure that the jobs and tasks given to their subordinates are manageable.
3、There is no point in setting objectives if you don’t communicate them to your staff.
4、Managers have to supervise their subordinates, and to measure, and try to improve, their performance.
5、Managers have to check whether objectives and targets are being achieved.
6、A top manager whose performance is unsatisfactory can be dismissed by the company’s board of directors.
7、Top managers are responsible for the innovations that will allow a company to adapt to a changing world.
1d词汇课文里有一些常见的动词-名词搭配（入achieve objectives, deal with crises等等。把下面的动词和名词按照常用搭配连起来。
1、make decisions 做出决策
2、communicate information/decisions/objectives 向……传达信息/决定/目标
3、allocate resources 分配资源，或“配置资源”
4、develop strategies/people 发展战略/培养人员
5、measure performance 测评绩效
6、motivate people 激励员工
7、perform jobs 完成工作
8、set objectives 设定目标
9、supervise subordinates监管下属
Unit 3
1b词汇下面是一些有关公司组织机构的基本词语。把它们和定义用直线连起来。
1、autonomous 自治的
Independent, able to take decisions without consulting a higher authority
2、decentralization 分散，分权
Dividing an organization into decision-making units that are not centrally controlled
3、function 职能
A specific activity in a company, e.g. production, marketing, finance
4、hierarchy 层次，层级
A system of authority with different levels, one above the other
5、line authority 直线职权
The power to give instructions to people at the level below in the chain of command
6、report to 向……报告（负责）
To be responsible to someone and to take instructions from him or her
7、subordinates 下属
People working under someone else in a hierarchy
Unit 4
1a词汇下列的句子说明某些关于工作的基本词汇。哪些是正确的答案？
1、To inspire, to induce, to give a reason or incentive to someone to do something. (motivate 激发)
2、A person employed by someone else, working for money. (employee 职工，雇员)
3、Relations between employers and employees, managers and workers, management and unions. (labor relations
劳资关系)
4、Having control of something as part of your job. (responsibility 责任，职责)
5、Money paid (per hour or day or week) to manual workers. (wages 工资)
6、A fixed regular payment made by employers, usually monthly, for professional or office work. （salary 薪水）
7、Advantages that come with a job, apart from wages or salary. (benefits or perks 附带福利，额外津贴)
8、To be raised to a higher rank or better job. (promotion 晋升)
9、Knowing that there is little risk of losing one’s job. (job s ecurity 工作稳定)
10、Having particular abilities, acquired by training. ( skilled 熟练的)
Unit 8
1b词汇下面是一些与工业生产有关的基本词汇。从下面的释义中找出它们的意思。
1、any company that provides goods or services for another one (subcontractor 分包商)
2、any of the pieces or parts that make up a product, machine, etc. (component 零件)
3、buying products or processed materials from other companies rather than manufacturing them (outsourcing or
contracting out 外包，任务外派)
4、the (maximum) rate of output that can be achieved from a production process (capacity 产能，容量，能力)
5、the buildings, machines，equipment and other facilities used in the production process (plant 工厂)
6、the geographical situation of a factory or other facility (location 位置，选址)
7、the stock of any item or resource used in an organization (including raw materials, parts, supplies, work in
process and finished products) (inventory 存货)
8、the time needed to perform an activity (i.e. to manufacture or deliver something) (lead time 订货到收货时间
间隔，预留出时间)
Unit 9
1d词汇找出课文中标示下列意思的词和表达法。
1、the possibility of paying for a product over an extended period (credit facilities银行对同业提供信用，信用透
支，信贷组织等)
2、a promise by a manufacturer or seller to repair or replace defective goods during a certain period of time
(warranty or guarantee 保修)
3、a surface in a store on which goods are displayed (shelf 货架，架子)
4、consumers who buy various competing products rather than being loyal to a particular brand (brand-switchers
转换<购买>不同牌子的人)
5、the standard pattern of sales of a produce over the period that it is marketed (
期)
6、the extent to which an activity provides financial gain (profitability 利润率，有利可图)
7、possibilities of filling unsatisfied needs in sectors in which the company can produce goods or services
effectively (opportunities <市场>机会)
8、the sales of a company expressed as a percentage of total sales in a given market (market share市场份额。市场
占有率)
9、the set of beliefs that the public at large holds of an organization (image <公司>形象，肖像)
10、 a small, specialized, but profitable segment of a market (niche 缝隙<市场>，利基市场)
Unit10
1b词汇把左边的词语和右边的定义搭配起来。
1、distribution channel (分销渠道) all the companies or individuals involved in moving a particular good or service
from the producer to the consumer
2、to launch a product (投放，推出新产品) to introduce a new product onto the market
3、market opportunities (市场机会) possibilities of filling unsatisfied needs in sectors in which a company can
profitably produce goods or services
4、market research (市场研究，市场调研) collecting. Analyzing and reporting data relevant to a specific marketing
situation (such as a proposed new product)
5、market segmentation (细分市场) dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers who have different
requirements or buying habits
6、packaging(包装) wrappers and containers in which products are sold
7、points of sale (卖点) places where goods are sold to the public – shops, stores, kiosks, market stalls, etc.
8、product concept (产品观念) an idea for a new product, which is tested with target consumers before the actual
product is developed
9、product features (产品特点) attributes or characteristics of a product: quality, price, reliability, etc.
10、sales representative (销售代表) someone who contacts existing and potential customers, and tries to
persuade them to buy goods or services
Unit 12
2d词汇在下列各组四个词中，三个具有一定的逻辑联系，有一个和其他三个没有逻辑联系。挑出这个词，并说明为什么。
1 、advertising（广告）；competitors（竞争者）；publicity（宣传）；sales promotion（促销活动）
2、advertising agency (广告公司)；advertising campaign (广告攻势)；media plan (媒体计划)；word-of-mouth (口碑)
3、advertising manager (（广告经理）；brand-switcher (转换<购买>不同牌子的人)；marketing manager(营销经理)；sales rep (销售代表)
4、after-sales service(售后服务)；guarantee(保证人)；optional features(可选择的特点)；points of sale(卖点)
5、brand awareness(品牌意识)；brand loyalty(品牌忠诚)；brand name(品牌)；brand preference (品牌偏爱)
6、competitions(竞争者)；coupons（优惠券）；free samples(免费样品)；line-stretching (产品系列的扩充)
7、credit terms(信用条件)；discount(折扣)；list price（价目单定价，目录价格）；packaging（包装）
8、decline(衰退)；growth（成长）；introduction（引入）；produce improvement(产品改进)
9、focus group interviews(焦点组访谈)；internal research(内部调查)；media plan（媒体计划）；questionnaire(调查问卷)
10、packaging（包装）；place（地点）；product（产品）；promotion（促销）
Unit 13
1a词汇把左边的词语与右边的定义搭配起来。
1、bookkeeping（簿记）writing down the details of transactions (debits and credits)
2、accounting（会计学）keeping financial records, recording income and expenditure, valuing assets and liabilities,
and so on
3、managerial accounting（管理会计）preparing budgets and other financial reports necessary for management
4、cost accounting（成本会计）working out the unit costs of products, including materials, labor and all other
expenses
5、tax accounting（税务会计）calculating an individual’s or a company’s liability for tax
6、auditing（审计）inspection and evaluation of accounts by a second set of accountants
7、creative accounting（创造性会计，伪造账目）using all available of accounts by a second set of accountants 2a词汇下面是一些会计常用的术语。把这些词语和它们的定义搭配起来。
1. a company’s owners-----shareholders or stockholders（股东）
2.the revenues received by a company during a given period, minus the cost of sales, operating expenses, and
taxes-----earnings or income（收益）
3.all the money that a company will have to pay to someone else in the future, including taxes, debts, and
interest and mortgage payments-----liabilities（债务，负债）
4.the amount of business done by a company over a year-----turnover（营业额）
5.anything owned by a business (cash investments, buildings, machines, and so on) that can be used to produce
goods or pay liabilities-----assets（资产）
6.the reduction in value of a fixed asset during the years it is in use (charged against profits)-----depreciation or
amortization（折旧，摊销）
7.sums of money owed by customers for goods or services purchased on credit-----debtors or accounts receivable
（债务人）
8.sums of money owed to suppliers for purchases made on credit-----creditors or accounts payable（债权人）
9.(the value of) raw materials, work in progress, and finished products stored ready for sale-----stock or inventory
（存货）
10.the various expenses of operating a business that cannot be charged to any one product, process or
department-----overheads or overhead（企业一般管理费用）
Unit 14
1a词汇把下列词语与下面的定义搭配起来。
1、an arrangement by which a customer can withdraw more from a bank account than has been deposited in it, up
to an agreed limit; interest on the debt is calculated daily-----overdraft（透支）
2、a card which guarantees payment for goods and services purchased by the cardholder, who pays back the bank
or finance company at a later date-----credit card（信用卡）
3、a computerized machine that allows bank customers to withdraw money, check their balance, and so
on-----cash dispenser or ATM（自动提款机）
4、a fixed sum of money on which interest is paid, lent for a fixed period, and usually for a specific purpose-----loan
（<借出的>贷款）
5、an instruction to a bank to pay fixed sums of money to certain people or organizations at stated
times-----standing order or direct debit（<会计>直接借记）
6、a loan, usually to buy property, which serves as a security for the loan-----mortgage（抵押）
7、a plastic card issued to bank customers for use in cash dispensers -----cash card（现金卡，提款卡）
8、doing banking transactions by telephone or from one’s own personal computer-----home banking（住家银行服
务）
9、one that generally pays little or no interest, but allows the holder to withdraw his or her cash without any
restrictions-----current or checking account（活期存款账户。活期存折）
10、one that pays interest, but usually cannot be used for paying cheques (GB) or checks (US), and on which
notice is often requited to withdraw money-----deposit or time or notice account（储蓄存款）
2c词汇在2a的课文中找出表达下列意义的单词或词语。
1、to place money in a bank; or money placed in a bank-----deposit（存款）
2、the money used in countries other than one’s own-----foreign currencies（外币）
3、how much money a loan pays, expressed as a percentage-----yield（收益）
4、available cash, and how easily other assets can be turned into cash-----liquidity（清偿能力）
5、the date when a loan becomes repayable-----maturity（<债券或保单的>到期时间，到期日）
6、to guarantee to buy all the new shares that a company issues, if they cannot be sold to the public-----underwrite
（认购债券等）
7、when a company buys or acquires another one-----takeover（接收，接管）
8、when a company combines with another one-----merger（合并）
9、buying and selling stocks or shares for clients-----stock broking（股票经纪）
10、taking care of all a client’s investments-----portfolio management（资产组合管理）
11、the ending or relaxing of legal restrictions-----deregulation（放松管制，解除管制规定）
12、 a group of companies, operating in different fields, that have joined together-----conglomerate（企业集团）
13、 a company considered to be without risk-----blue chip（蓝筹股<稳而值钱的股票>）
14、ability to pay liabilities when they become due-----solvency（偿付能力）
15、anything that acts as a security or a guarantee for a loan-----collateral（抵押品）
2d词汇在2a的课文中有一些常见的动词——名词搭配（例如，to lend money, to finance international trade）。把下列动词和名词按照常见的搭配组合起来。
1、charge interest（收取利息）
2、do business（做生意）
3、exchange currencies（兑换货币）
4、issue bonds（发行债券）
5、make loans（贷款）
6、make profits（获取利润）
7、offer advice（提供建议）
8、offer loans（提供贷款）
9、pay interest（支付利息）
10、raise funds（融资）
11、receive deposits（吸收存款）
12、underwrite security issues（承销证券发行）
Unit 15
1d词汇在课文中找出表达下列意思的词语。
1、having a responsibility or an obligation to do something, e.g. to pay a debt-----liability（债务，负债）
2、a person or organization to whom money is owed (for goods or services rendered, or as repayment of a
loan)-----creditor（债权人）
3、to be insolvent: unable to pay debts-----bankrupt（破产）
4、everything of value owned by a business that can be used to produce goods, pay liabilities, and so on-----assets
（资产）
5、to sell all the possessions of a bankrupt business-----to liquidate（清算）
6、money that a company will have to pay to someone else (bills, taxes, debts, interest and mortgage payments,
etc.)-----liabilities（债务，负债）
7、to provide money for a company or other project-----to put up capital（筹集资本）
8、money invested in a possibly risky new business-----venture capital（风险资本）
9、the people who begin a new company-----founders（创业者，创始人）
10、the place in which a company does business: an office, shop, workshop, factory, warehouse, and so
on-----premises（房屋）
11、to guarantee to buy an entire new share issue, if no one else wants it-----underwrite（认购债券等）
12、 a proportion of the annual profits of a limited company, paid to shareholders-----dividend（红利，股息）2b词汇财经记者使用许多的欧冠次和短语来描述证券价格的变动，而不是没玩没了地重复“上升”和“下降”。按照你认为句子中的动词或词语表达的意思给下列句子分类。
1、Boeing stocks rocketed after rumours of a forthcoming merger with another leading aircraft manufacturer.-----to
rise a lot（大涨，上升很多）
2、The Dow-Jones index crashed after continuing rumours about the President’s health.-----to fall a lot（大跌，下
降很多）
3、Exxon stocks shot up after a new deal to pump Siberian natural gas was announced.-----to rise a lot（大涨，上升
很多）
4、The Footsie rallied in London in the afternoon, gaining 30 points in late trading.-----to rise after previously falling
（反弹，经过前段时间的下跌以后上升）
5、Grundig shares slipped after the news of boardroom changes.-----to fall a little（小跌，下降一点）
6、In Paris, the CAC-40 plummeted, after the unions called for a three-day general strike next week.-----to fall a lot
（大跌，下降很多）
7、Leading shares were slightly weaker in Tokyo, the Nikkei losing six points.-----to fall a little（小跌，下降一点）
8、Most shares were a little stronger in Mila n this morning, when the exchange reopened after yesterday’s public
holiday.-----to rise a little（小涨，稍微有所上升）
9、On the Frankfurt exchange, the DAX index finished slightly firmer, up 12 points.-----to rise a little（小涨，稍微有
所上升）
10、Philips shares jumped after the company revealed that it was negotiating a new licensing deal with
Sony.-----to rise a lot（大涨，上升很多）
11、Procter & Gamble stocks plunged after it was revealed that the company had lost over $100 million as a
result of a derivative deal.-----to fall a lot（大跌，下降很多）
12、Share prices recovered in Hong Kong today, the Hang Seng finishing up ten points.-----to rise after
previously falling（反弹，经过前段时间的下跌以后上升）
2c词汇把下列词语和它们的定义搭配起来。
1、a company that spreads investors’ capital over a variety of securities-----mutual fund（共同基金<一种投资公司
形式>）
2、an investor’s selection of securities-----portfolio（有价证券组合，证券投资组合）
3、a person who can advise investors and buy and sell shares for them-----stockbroker（股票经纪人）
4、a stock in a large company or corporation that is considered to be a secure investment-----blue-chip（蓝筹股<稳
而值钱的股票>）
5、a stock-in an industry not much affected by cyclical trends-that offers a good return but only a limited chance of
a rise or decline in price-----defensive stock（保护性股票，防御性股票<不受经济周期影响的>）
6、a stock-which usually has a high purchasing price and a low current rate of return-that is expected to appreciate
in capital value-----growth stock（成长股）
7、a wholesaler in stocks and shares who deals with brokers-----market-maker（准备买卖未上市股票的经纪人，
庄家，做市商）
8、financial organizations such as pension funds and insurance companies which own most of the shares of all
leading companies(over 60%, and rising)-----institutional investors（金融机构投资者）
9、the use of information not known to the public to make a profit out of buying or selling shares-----insider
share-dealing（内部股份交易）
2d词汇在下列各组四个词中，3个具有一定的逻辑联系，有1个和其他3个没有逻辑联系。挑出这个词，并说明为什么？
1、annual report（年度报告）-external auditors（外部审计员）-financial statements（财务决算，财务报表）
-stockbroker（股票经纪人）
2、blue chip（蓝筹股<稳而值钱的股票>）-defensive stock（保护性股票）-growth stock（成长股）-rights issue
（增股，优先认股权，配股）
3、bonus issue（红利股<即作为红利发行的股票>）-dividend（股息，红利）-over-the-counter（<证券等>场
外交易）-shareholder（股东）
4、creditor（债权人）-market-maker（准备买卖未上市股票的经纪人，庄家，做市商）-shareholder（股东）
-stockbroker（股票经纪人）
5、debt（债务）-equity（普通股，股本，权益）-share（股份，股票）-stock（股份，股票，存货）
6、face value（票面价值）-market value（市场价值）-nominal value（票面价值）-par value（票面价值）
7、float（<公司>准备上市）-liquidation（（清偿，清算）-share issue（股票发行）-underwriter（认购债券等）
8、institutional investor（金融机构投资者）-insurance company（保险公司）-liabilities（债务，负债）-pension
fund（养老金基金）
9、mutual fund（（共同基金<一种投资公司形式>）-portfolio（证券投资组合，有价证券组合）-risk（冒险，
风险）-underwriter（认购债券等）
Unit 25
1a词汇阅读下面关于商业周期的段落，然后把下列的单词和图表上的数字搭配起来。该图表表示自1929至1952年间美国实际的国民生产总值。
1、boom（繁荣）
2、depression（经济萧条）
3、peak（山顶，顶点）
4、recession or contraction or downturn（经济衰退，不景气，衰退，开始下降，收缩）
5、trough（谷底，低谷）
6、upturn or expansion or recovery（好转，扩展，恢复）
1d词汇从1b的课文中找出表达下列意思的词语。
1、beliefs about what will happen in the future-----expectations（期望）
2、money borrowed in order to buy a house or flat (GB) or apartment (US)-----mortgage（抵押）
3、money paid for the use of a house or flat owned by somebody else-----rent（租金）
4、the amount of something produced by a company, a country, and so on-----output（产出）
5、spending on new machines, factories, and so on-----investment（投资）
6、owners or managers of manufacturing companies-----industrialists（工业家，实业家）
7、spending on goods and services-----consumption（消费）
8、to dismiss employees-----lay off（解雇）
9、concerning the number of births, deaths, population movements, and so on-----demographic（人口统计学的）
10、an absence of luxury and comfort-----austerity（紧缩，节约）
Unit 27
?retaliate against：报复
?Infant industry：新生产业
?Elastic：有弹性的
?Non-tariff barrier：非关税壁垒
?Norms：规范，行为准则
?Custom s：海关
?GATT：关贸总协定
?Most favored nations：最惠国待遇
?WTO：世界贸易组织
?Principal：本金
?Rollover the loan：贷款展期/延期
?Reschedule repayment：重新调整还款时间
?EU：欧盟
?NAFTA：北美自由贸易协定/区
?Comparative advantage：比较优势
?Competitive advantage：竞争优势
Unit 30
1b词汇下面是剑桥资本合伙人公司的艾德.库姆斯谈论他的筹资工作的录音。本练习说明采访录音中使用的一些重要的词语。在每个句子中，说明了哪个词语？
1、The possibility of providing a new product or service to satisfy particular needs. (market opportunity市场机会)
2、People with a lot of money at their disposal. (high net worth individuals高净值客户)
3、Adjective describing companies whose shares are traded on the stock exchange. (risk averse风险厌恶的)
4、Adjective describing companies whose shares are traded on the stock exchange. (listed上市公司)
5、Money paid to professional people for a job of work done. (fee费用、报酬、薪水)
6、Another word for stocks or shares or shares: a company’s own capital. (equity股东、股份)
7、The day-to-day expenses of operating a business. (running costs运营成本)
8、The attempt to increase or maximize sales, and get a large number of customers. (market penetration市场渗
透)
9、Directors who do not work full time for a company, but advise it about strategic issues. (non-executive directors
非执行董事，非常务董事)
10、Economic agents：经济主体
11、Foresight：远见,先见之明
12、To maximize utility：效用最大化
13、Expectations：期望
14、Entrepreneur：企业家
15、Alertness：机敏，警觉
16、Ignorance：不知
17、Awareness：意识
P23页 1.我在上午说过，今天我们各国面临一个机会，可以分别和共同作出具体承诺和采取明确措施，确保核材料的安全，防止核材料落入那些无疑会利用它们的恐怖主义分子手中。 2.今晚，我可以这么说，我们成功地把握了这一机遇，作为具体的国家和国际社会，我们已经采取了措施，美国人民将因此更安全，世界将更稳定。 3.我谨在此感谢出席这一具有历史意义的峰会的全体代表，来自世界各地区的49位领导人。今天之所以能取得进展，是因为这些领导人不仅与会发言，而且采取行动；不是含糊地承诺在未来采取行动，而是承诺他们准备立即实施的有意义的步骤。 4.我还要感谢各位同仁在讨论中所表现的坦率与合作精神。今天并无冗长的讲话，亦无要求别国如何是从的训诫。我们互相倾听、互相尊重。我们认识到，虽然不同国家面临不同的挑战，但我们有着共同的利益，即确保这些危险核材料的安全。 P52页 1.在二十一世纪，你们必须承担不分国界的国际金融系统的重任。当香港和雅加达的股票市场下跌时，其影响再也不是局部性，而是全球性的。因此，贵国充满生机的经济成长同整个亚太地区恢复稳定和经济发展紧密相连。 2.在最近一次的金融危机中，中国坚定不移地承担了对本地区和全世界的责任，帮助避免了又一个危险的货币贬值周期。我们必须继续携手合作，对付全球金融系统面临的威胁以及对整个亚太地区本应有的发展和繁荣的威胁。 3.在我以上列举的每一个关键领域，显然，只要我们相互合作而不是互不往来，我们就能取得更大的成就。因此，我们应该努力，确保双方之间目前的建设性关系在下个世纪结出圆满的协作果实。 4.要做到这一点，我们就必须更好地相互了解，了解各自的共同利益、共有的期望和真诚的分歧。我相信这种公开直接的交流有助于澄清和缩小我们的分歧。更为重要的是，允许人们理解、辩论和探讨这些问题，能使他们对我们建设美好的未来更加充满信心。 P69页 1. Presenting gifts is one of the important contents of modern business activities, in order to establish friendly relations, progress friendship, and also can be applied to advertising and promoting. It’s important to select a gift, because it transmits the information of culture, economy, status, knowledge and other aspects. It’s probably both may improve the image of the company and may damage it. 2. Presenting gifts in business activities can generally divide into several conditions as following: (1) Presenting gifts for employees and rewarding their hard work. (2) Presenting gifts for enhancing the business connection with customers. (3) Presenting gifts for each other to build relationships with business counterparts. 3. Therefore, more and more companies realize that presenting gifts in business activities is not only advertising, but also a important tool
《新编电子商务英语》期终复习参考资料 Unit 1 E-Business Basics I. Questions:p.2 1.What is the difference between e-Commerce and e-Business? Electronic commerce, B2C, or e-Commerce refers to online sales. Electronic business or e-Business, on the other hand, refers to more than just selling online. 2.What can you do by using the Internet? Collect vital business information related to your costumers and competitors; Increase awareness about your company; Streamline communication and improve customer service; . Improve productivity and reduce costs; and Sell your products on line. 3. What are the common ways to get started using e-Business? Make your mark on the web; Leverage email; Embrace e-procurement; and Investigate e-Commerce. II. Exercises:p.2 Translate the following into Chinese: 1.When searching information on line, the user can then either start browsing the website listed, or can narrow the results further by searching within those results for another keyword. 使用者在线搜索信息时，可先开始浏览经初步搜索后罗列出的网站，也可再用一个关键词将此结果进一步搜索以缩小浏览范围。 2.Out-of-pocket costs can be reduced further by implementing a readily updatable website, instead of printed materials that have a short shelf-life, to relay pertinent information to your customer base. 建设一个便于更新的网站来取代使用周期短暂的印刷型资料，以便将相关信息持续不断地传送给您的客房群，则成本费用可进一步减少。 3.Today’s Internet is a powerful way for business to communicate with their
I can't believe it!Right in the middle of our conversation,Peter turned around abruptly and walked out of the room! C.suddenly突然的 The doctor said that there was only a slim hope of survival for the people in the air crash. D.very little微弱的 7 Unlike the well-mannered John,Jim was rather uncouth. A.rude粗鲁的 Jack is a resolute man. Once he sets up a goal,he won't give it up easily. resolute:坚决的 The results of the competition excedded our expectations. 超过 The author tried to interpret a difficult problem in a simple way to the readers. 解释 The company was sold according to the evaluation of its assets. 计算 They exaggerated the enemy's losses and understated their own. 没有如实地陈述 Her work is sometimes good,but the problem is she's not consistent. 一致的 The subsidiary company is operated by a young manager appointed by the board of directors. 属附公司 Canada is a bilingual country where two languages are used officially. 双语的 He had the ability to write fluent and idiomatic English. 习语的 The number of employees in the company has trebled over the past decade. 雇员 They have published a lot of new books on international issues. 发行 I will have to consult my lawyer before I can give you an answer on that. 就诊 I'd appreciate it if you let me get on with my job. 感谢 Company sales improved dramatically following a ＄2 million marketing campaign. 市场营销His parents are quite well-off;they've just bought him a new car for his birthday. 富有的 Please describe the operation of the system in unprofessional language so that
高级商务英语知识点总结（总复习） retire 在上午英语中也有付清（本息）、赎回（票据）的意思。 eg: retire a bill 赎回票据retire documents 赎单 retires stock 已收回注销的股票 retirement 在商务英语中有退股，（固定资产）报废的意思 eg: retirement of a partner 退伙retirement od assets 资产报废retirement of stock 股票回收retirement price 报废价格 join v. 加入，成为...的一员join the company apply for 申请，求职于apply to 向...申请 pay sb. 100 dollars a day/week be /get paid weekly(wage--blue collar)/monthly(salary--white collar) pay after tax 税后支付 PAYE(pay-as-you-earn) 所得税预扣法 pay-as-you-go 账单到期即付pay envelope（pocket）工资袋 pay off 结清解雇pay off period 资本回收期lay off 解雇（基于经济形势） stop employing sb. because there is no work for them to do dismiss 解雇（基于员工表现） to remove sb. from their job lay off rate 解雇率--separation rate leave a job/company 离职 change在商务英语中海油兑换的意思 change in tax rates 税率变更 changes in gold and foreign exchange reserves黄金及外汇储备的增减 change fund 兑换备用金 recruit from 从...招募员工employ sb.as ... employ sb. to do sth. extremely /highly/fairly flexible flexible budget 弹性预算fixed budget 固定预算 flexible exchange rate system 浮动汇率制flexible currency 弹性通货flexible rate 可变利率temporary account 临时账户 temporary budget 临时预算temporary payment 暂付款项 have /take a day off 请一天假
《商务英语阅读》期末考试复习资料一、词汇翻译题（课内词汇+课外高频商务词汇） 1.entrepreneur 企业家 2.specification 规格详述 3.human resources 人力资源 4.institution 机构 5.orientation 方向，导向，新员工 入职培训 6.decline 消减，衰亡 7.bonus 奖金 https://www.doczj.com/doc/1e9586197.html,unch 推出，投放市场 https://www.doczj.com/doc/1e9586197.html,munity 社区，共同体 10.necessities （生活）必需品 11.stock 股票 12.liquidity 流动性，变现性 13.risk 风险 14.potential 潜在的 15.act of God 不可抗力 https://www.doczj.com/doc/1e9586197.html,y off 使……下岗 17.listed company 上市公司 18.log on 登入、连接（上网） 19.absolute interest 绝对产权 20.keyboard skills 打字技能 21.human resources 人力资源 22.account for 解释某事物的原因，占……比例 23.executive 高级管理人员，执行总 裁 24.logo 企业或公司等专用的标记、标 识 25.administration 管理 26.budget 预算27.feasible 可行的 28.industry 产业，行业 29.ingredient 成分，要素 30.securities 证券 https://www.doczj.com/doc/1e9586197.html,mission 佣金 32.dividend 股息，红利 33.mature 到期，成熟 34.accounts receivable 应收账款 35.job description 岗位描述 36.letter of intent 意向书 37.living wage 基本生活工资 38.bar code 条形码 39.acid test 决定性的考验 40.executive 高管，主管 41.administrative expenses 行政管 理费用 42.jet lag 飞机时差反应 43.customized 用户化的，按客户要求 定制的 44.keep-fit market 保健市场 45.lecture theatre 梯形教室，梯形 报告厅 46.local adaptation 本土化 47.balance sheet 资产负债表 48.benefits package 福利套餐,整体 福利 49.bill of lading 提单、提货单 50.access fee 使用费 二、单项选择题（课内） 1.Factors of production refer to _______. A.natural resources and capital https://www.doczj.com/doc/1e9586197.html,bor and entrepreneurs C.both A and B 2.The structure of a large manufacturing company and that of a small service firm
1. 检验证书用来表明商品是否符合合同条款。 2. 有时，在合同中有必要订立一个罚金条款，以防万一出现未交货、迟交货、或迟开信用证等一方违约的情况。 3. 当发生不可抗力时，援引不可抗力条款的一方必须在规定期限内及时通知另一方。 4. 裁决指仲裁庭做出的决定。 5. 仲裁协定或合同中的仲裁条款应写明仲裁费用由谁承担。 6. In this case, who is to bear the losses? 7. A force majeure clause should also be specified in the sales contract. 8. Any claim by the buyer regarding the goods shall be filed within thirty days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination. 9. If you want to file a claim, you should give us a survey report issued by an inspection agency approved by us. 10. I’ll ty pe a clean contract and we can sign it this afternoon. 1. 在信用证支付方式下指望银行付款，而非进口方付款的能力或意愿，但出口方只有遵从信用证的所有条款，才能得到货款。 2. 银行开出信用证就意味着该银行要承担在合适的汇票和单据被出示后付款的责任。 3. 受益人即信用证中所指定的有权接受货款的人，即出口商。 4. 在这一步骤中，买方应填写申请表，包括品名、质量、数量、单价、总值、贸易术语、付款时间、包装、装运期限等。通常买方还应该明确信用证的有效期。 5. 通常，信用证应在装运日期前至少15天内到达卖方，以留出充足的时间进行审核，必要时进行修改，并安排装运。 6. 如果修改通知书涉及两个以上条款，相关各方只能按照惯例全部接受或全部拒绝，而不能只接受其中的一部分，而拒绝其他部分。 7. Wang Ling found that all its clauses were all right except the shipment validity when checking the L/C. 8. As stipulated in the contract, the buyer should open a letter of credit in favor of the seller 30 days before the month of shipment. 9. The letter of credit has been opened in your favor. 10. Generally, the letter of credit specifies the beneficiary’s name, description of goods, quantity, unit price, total amou nt, ports of loading and destination, trade terms, payment terms, shipping documents, shipment validity, negotiation validity, etc. 1. 在中国，由国家质量监督检验检疫总局来主管全国进出口商品的检验工作。 2. 未经检验合格，《种类表》中的进口商品不准销售、使用， 出口商品不准出口。 3. 应注意不同检验证书的有效期不同，如果检验证书到期，商品就需要重新报验。 4. 商检机构应当在对外贸易合同约定的索赔期限内完成检验，并签发检验证书。 5. 对这批货物进行30%的抽样检查所得的检验报告是最终的，对双方都有约束力。 6. What’s the time limit for the reinspection? 7. The reinspection fee should be borne by the seller. 8. These goods are not allowed to pass the customs without legal inspection. 9. The buyer is entitled to reinspect the goods upon their arrival even though inspection has been made before shipment. 10. Whose survey report will be taken as final if we find any shortage? Unit 12 1. 运输代理行是运输领域的专家，了解各种最新的运输方式及其相关运费。 2. 运费按以公吨为单位的重量（重量吨）来计算，这种方式用“W ”表示。运费也可以按尺码吨来计算，用“M ”表示。 3. 对于贵重物品，按商品估价的一定百分比收取从价运费，这种方式用“Ad V al.”表示。 4. 航空运费的性质是运费只适用于从一机场到另一机场（单程），且只是运费，不包括其他额外费用， 如报关和仓储费用等。 5. 规定滞期费和速遣费的目的是为了促进装卸任务的及时完成。 6. 提单代表货物的所有权。 7. The freight is roughly based on weight and destination. 8. As we are in urgent need of the goods, please ship the goods immediately upon receipt of the L/C. 9. Under FOB, instead of the seller, it is the buyer who will arrange for the shipping space. 10. We await your shipping instructions. Unit 9 Unit 10 Unit 11
Unit 9 职场 Background Knowledge I. Career Career is a term defined by the Oxford English Dictionary as an individual’s ―course or progress through life (or a distinct portion of life)‖. As of 2006, the word usually only pertains to one’s remunerative work (and sometimes also formal education). A career is traditionally seen as a course of successive situations that make up a person's worklife. One can have a sporting career or a musical career without being a professional athlete or musician, but most frequently "career" in the 20th century referenced the series of jobs or positions by which one earned one's money. It tended to look only at the past. As the idea of personal choice and self direction picks up in the 21st century, aided by the power of the Internet and the increased acceptance of people having multiple kinds of work, the idea of a career is shifting from a closed set of achievements, like a chronological résumé of past jobs, to a defined set of pursuits looking forward. In its broadest sense, career refers to an individual’s work and life roles over their lifespan. In the relatively static societies before modernism, many workers would often inherit or take up a single lifelong position (a place or role) in the workforce, and the concept of an unfolding career had little or no meaning. With the spread during the Enlightenment of the idea of progress and of the habits of individualist self-betterment, careers became possible, if not expected. II. Career Assessment Career Assessments are tests that come in a variety of forms and rely on both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. Career Assessments can help individuals identify and better articulate their unique interests, values, and skills. Career counselors, executive coaches, career development centers, and outplacement companies often administer career assessments to help individuals focus their search on careers that closely match their unique personal profile. Career counseling advisors assess people's interests, personality, values and skills, and also help them explore career options and research graduate and professional schools. Career counseling provides one-on-one or group professional assistance in exploration and decision making tasks related to choosing a major/occupation, transitioning into the world of work or further professional training. The field is vast and includes career placement, career planning, learning strategies and student development. By the late 20th century a plethora of choices (especially in the range of potential professions) and more widespread education had allowed it to become fashionable to plan (or design) a career: in this respect the careers of the career counsellor and of the career advisor have grown up. It is also not uncommon for adults in the late 20th/early 21st centuries to have dual or multiple careers, either sequentially or concurrently. Thus, professional identities have
International Business English Lesson 1 International Business Business Knowledge: The major differences between international business and domestic business A.Differences in legal systems B.Differences in currencies C.Differences in cultural background D.Different in natural and economic conditions The major types of international business A.Trade https://www.doczj.com/doc/1e9586197.html,modity trade b.Service trade B.In vestment a.Foreign direct investment b.Portfolio investment C.Other types a.Licensing and franchising b.Management contract and contract manufacturing c.Turnkey project and BOT Trade Terms: 1.Customs area 关税区: 2.Conversion货币兑换 3.Visible trade 有形贸易:The form of commodity trade, i.c. exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in another, (including cash transaction-by means of money and market, and counter trade) 4.Invisible trade 无形贸易：The form of transportation, communication, banking, insurance, consulting, information etc. is called invisible trade or service industries. 5.FDI 夕卜国直接投资:Foreign direct investments. Returns through controlling the enterprises or assets invested in a host country? / P.256. One country acquires assets in a foreign countiy for
2011.6 09文2英语期末考试复习重点 一、判断题。 1.International trade is only the exchange of goods between nations.× 国际贸易只是在国家之间的货物的交换。错。 2.Trade surplus mean s that a country’s imports exceed its exports. × （出口大于进口）贸易盈余意味着一个国家进口超过它的出口。错。 3.Countries can do business freely without regulations in international trade. ×国家能自由地经商而没有国际贸易的规则。错。 4.An agent needs to carry stock as a distributor does. × 代理商需要像经销商所做的那样支持货物的供应。错。 5.All international business transactions are done under Incoterms 2000. ×所有国际商业交易是在《2000年国贸术语解释通则》下完成的。 错。改为：sales contracts 销售合同 6.Under FOB San Francisco, San Francisco is the port of destination. × 错。装运港船上交货，到达口，改为：shipment装运港 7.Under CIF, cargo insurance is to be effected by the buyer. × 在CIF术语下（成本保险费加运费）之下，货物保险是被买方影响。错。改为：seller卖方 8. Different commodities have different qualities, but the same commodity must have the same quality. ×不同的商品有不同的性质，但是相同的商品一定有相同的性质。错。
Text A 令狐文艳 II. Choose the best answer from the following. 1.C 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. D III. Translate the following into Chinese. 1.经过数月在网上搜寻研究西北大学和仔细询问到访过西 北大学的朋友、老师和咨询顾问，玛克辛最终希望自己能被西北大学录取。 2.对于像玛克辛一样正在申请秋季入学的学生来说，他们 会沮丧地发现这一梦想难以实现。考入一所知名院校的机会从未如此渺茫。 3.但是招生主管们已经开始担忧申请者数量缩减的问题， 尤其是为数不多每年有能力支付4万美金费用的那部分申请者。 Text B II. Decidewhether the following statements are true or falseaccording to the text. 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. F III. Translate the following into Chinese 1.20世纪80年代和90年代初期私立中学毕业生能够期 望一生的收入比国立中学同时期毕业生多35％，他们
发现这其中大约一半可以归因于他们所接受的教育，而非他们的背景。 2.研究人员也尽量精确地描述私立中学施展魔力的办法： 凭借更优秀的考试成绩，而不是凭借关系网带来的各种机会或者质量更高的诸如礼仪或领导方法等软技巧的教学。 3.一位知情人士认为如下的操作不太可能：许多父母通过 再抵押贷款来支付学费，但由于不稳定的房价和银行日益紧缩的信贷条件，这条路很快就走不通了。 Fast Reading Practice 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. B
1. F In ter nati onal trade is only the excha nge of goods betwee n n ati ons. 2. T Countries trade with each other partly because of cost advantages. 3. T Trade means countries can provide a wider variety of products for their consumers 4. T International trade can greatly expand the market, which enables the suppliers to take advantage of economies of scale. 5. T Exchange rate fluctuations may create many problems for international trade.Exchange rate fluctuations may create many problems for intern ati onal trade 6. T Still in some cases, political reas ons can outweigh econo mic con siderati ons betwee n cou ntries. 7. T When we provide shipp ing in sura nee service for foreig ners, it can be see n as an example of in visible trade. 8. F Trade surplus means that a country ' s imports exceed its exports. 9. T Tariff and quotas are the examples of trade barriers. 10. T A duty levied on a specific shipme nt can be an import, a protective and a compou nd duty at the same time. 1. _________ is the reas on why in ter nati onal trade first bega n. a. Un eve n distributi on of resources c. Econo mic ben efit b. Patter n of dema nd d. Comparative adva ntage 2. If one cou ntry concen trates on the producti on of the goods in which it has a comparative adva ntage, and produces more tha n it can use, the n it will sell the left to other cou ntries. This reas on for in ter nati onal trade is called . a. econo mies of scale c. specializati on b. variety of style d. patter ns of dema nd 3. The producti on cost will decrease if the goods are produced on a large scale. This is called _________ . a. econo mies of scale c. specializati on b. variety of style d. patter ns of dema nd 4. The followi ngs are the special problems for in ter nati onal trade except for _______ . a. using foreig n lan guages and foreign currency c. having risks b. under foreign laws, customs and regulations d. numerous cultural differe nces 5. _________ refers to an excha nge of services, labor or other non-physical goods betwee n cou ntries. a. In visible trade c. I nternatio nal trade b. Visible trade d. Bala nee of trade 6. I nvisible trade con sists of the followi ng items except for _________ . a. tran sport services across n ati onal borders c. in sura nee services across n ati onal borders b. foreig n tourist expe nses d. product excha nge across n ati onal borders 7. _________ is the differe nee betwee n the value of the goods and services that a cou ntry exports and the value of the goods and services that it imports . a. Trade balanee c. Trade deficit b. Trade surplus d. Trade barrier 8. Each country has to earn __________ to pay for imports. a. money c. cash b. foreign exchange d. currency 9. _________ is collected according to physical quantity. a. Revenue tariff c. Specific duty b. Protection tariff d. Alter native duty 10. Which is not the example of trade barriers? __________ a. Tariffs c. Import duties b. Quotas d. In come tax 1. 国际贸易intern ati onal trade 2. 比较优势comparative adva ntage 3. 规模经济econo mies of scale 4. 经济增长econo mic growth 5. 夕卜汇foreign currency 6. 有形贸易visible trade 7. 无形贸易in visible trade 8. 贸易差额bala nee of trade 9. 贸易顺差trade surplus 10. 贸易逆差trade deficit 11. 贸易壁垒trade barrier 12. 非关税壁垒.non-tariff barrier 13. 财政关税revenue tariff