Appendices

复数：英语名词单复数规则用法及形式复数英语篇一：英语名词单复数用法大全一、规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。

现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：1、一般情况在词尾加-s：map-maps,sea-seas,girl-girls,day-days2、以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词后加-es：class-classes,box-boxes,watch-watches,dish-dishes3、以-f或-fe结尾的词变-f和-fe为v再加-es：leaf-leaves,thief-thieves,knife-knives,loaf-loaves,wife-wives；加-s：belief-beliefs,chief-chiefs,proof-proofs,roof-roofs,gulf-gulfs4、以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es：party-parties,family-families,story-stories,city-cities5、以音辅字母加y结尾的名词，或专有名词以y结尾的，加-stoy-toys,boy-boys,day-days,ray-rays,Hey-Heys6、以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词一般加-es：hero-heroes,Negro-Negroes,potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes；不少外来词加-s：piano-pianos,photo-photos,auto-autos,kilo-kilos,solo-solos两者皆可：zero-zeros/zeroes,volcano-volcanoes/volcanos7、以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s：radio-radios,bamboo-bamboos,zoo-zoos8、以-th结尾的名词加-s：truth-truths,mouth-mouths,month-months,path-paths二、不规则名词复数：英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：1、改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式：man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,goose-geese,mouse-mice2、单复数相同：sheep,deer,series,means,works,fish,speciesli,yuan,jin,3、只有复数形式：ashes,trousers,clothes,thanks,goods,glasses,compasses,contents4、一些集体名词总是用作复数：people,police,cattle,staff5、部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作复数（成员）：audience,class,family,crowd,couple,group,committee,government,population ,crew,team,public,enemy,party6、复数形式表示特别含义：customs(海关),forces(军队),times(时代),spirits(情绪),drinks(饮料),sands(沙滩),papers(文件报纸),manners(礼貌),looks(外表),brains(头脑智力),greens(青菜),ruins(废墟)7、表示“某国人”加-s：Americans,Australians,Germans,Greeks,Swedes,Europeans；单复数同形Swiss,Portuguese,Chinese,Japanese；以-man或-woman结尾的改为men,-women，Englishmen,Frenchwomen8、合成名词将主体名词变为复数：sons-in-law,lookers-on,passers-by,story-tellers,boyfriends；无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数：grown-ups,housewives,stopwatches；将两部分变为复数：womensingers,menservants复数英语篇二：英语可数名词变复数的规则英语名词单数变复数主要有以下规则：一、绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式，是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。

1。

规则变化英语名词单数变复数主要有以下规则：一、绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式,是在该词末尾加上后辍—s.读音变化:结尾是清辅音读[s］,结尾是浊辅音或元音读［z].例：friend→friends; cat→cats；style→styles；sport→sports; piece→pieces 二、凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词,在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。

读音变化:统一加读［iz］。

例:bus→buses; quiz→quizzes；fox→foxes；match→matches; flash→flashes box →boxes；watch →watches；actress →actresses；class →classes；coach(长途车）→coaches; dress →dresses; sandwich →sandwiches; toothbrush →toothbrushes；waitress（女侍者) →waitresses三、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，将y改变为i,再加—es。

读音变化：加读[z]。

例：candy→candies; daisy（雏菊）→daisies；fairy→fairies；lady→ladies；story→storiesstrawberr y →strawberries；baby →babies；puppy →puppies；library →libraries; dictionary →dictionaries; cherry →cherries；activity →activities四、以-o结尾的名词，如果不是外来词或缩写,就加-es，否则加—s构成复数。

（有生命的加es，无生命的加s）读音变化：加读[z］。

例：tomato→tomatoes; potato→potatoes；torpedo(鱼雷）→torpedoes; bingo（彩票式游戏）→b ingoes反例：silo(青贮塔）→silos；piano→pianos（外来词）; photo→photos；macro（宏指令,计机算语言）→macros(缩写词）五、以—f或—fe结尾的名词，多为将—f或-fe改变为-ves，但有例外。

英语汉语A/C (Anticorrosive) Paint 防锈漆防腐涂料A/F (Antifouling) Paint 防污漆Abaft 船尾Abbreviation 略语,缩写Abnormal Operation 非正常操作Aboard 在上,在船上ABS(American Bureau of Shipping) 美国船级社Abt (About ) 大约,关于AC ( Alternating Current ) 交流电（流）ACB(Air Circuit Breaker ) 空气断路器，空气开关ACC (Automatic Combustion Control) 自动燃烧控制Acceptable Quality Level 合格质量水平Access Hole 通道孔，人孔Access Ladder 通道梯Accessibility 可达到性Accessory 附件Accommodation (Accom.) 船室,住舱Accommodation Ladder 舷梯Accommodation Space 起居舱室ACCU(Automatic control systemcertified for unattended eng. room) 无人机舱自动控制系统鉴定Accumulator 蓄电池Accuracy Control 精度控制Acetylene Gas 乙炔气Acid Pickling 酸洗Activities on Critical Path 关键活动Activity Duration Reduction 作业时间减少Actual Manhours Usedon Previous Ship 先前船实际用工时ACV (Air Cushion Vehicle ) 气垫船，气垫载具Adapter 接头，接合器Additional Work 追加工作，附加工作Additive 添加剂Adhesion Test 附着试验,粘着力试验Adjacent Block 邻近分段1英语汉语Adjustable Pin Jig 可调整销夹Adjusting Piece (Adj. Pc) 调整片Afloat Condition 漂浮状态Assessment at the max. of Deadweight) C.O.T 最大负载时平均运费率评估After Peak Bulkhead (A.P Bhd) 船尖舱隔壁（防水壁）After-Bending Pipe 后弯曲管Afterbody 后部船体Aftward 向后Aggregate Production Planning 总生产计划AHU( Air Handling Unit) 空气控制单元Air Compressor 空压机Air Conditioning Plant 空气调节装置Air Ejector 空气喷射器Air Fuel Ratio 空气燃料比Air Hole 气孔Air Horn 汽笛Air Pipe 空气管Air Reservoir 空气储存器Air Support Vehicle 空气支持工具Air Test 气密试验Air Vent Head 空气管头Air-gap 空气间隙Airborne Noise 空气噪音Ajar Hook 半开钩Alarm and Monitoring System 报警监控系统Alignment 调整，校正Alignment of Structure 结构校正Alkaline Battery 碱性电池Allowable Error 容许误差Allowable Load 容许载荷Allowable Water Velocity 容许水流速度Allowance for Machining 机械加工余量Allowance List 船舶供应品清单Allowance Time 余留时间Alloy Steel 合金钢Alongside Repair 旁边修理2英语汉语Alteration Survey 改造检查Alternate Subcontractor 转包工程Alternator 交流发电机Aluminizing 镀铝Aluminum Anode 铝阳极AM ( Amplitude Modulation ) 调幅Amidships 船中Ammeter 电流表Amplifier 扩音器Anchor Bolt 锚栓Anchor Chain 锚链Anchor Light 锚灯Anchor Pocket 锚穴Anchor Point 定位点Anchor Recess 锚穴Anchorage 锚地Anemoscope 风速仪Angle Valve (Ang. V/V) 角阀Annual Survey 年度调查Anode Current 阳极电流Anodic Protection 阳极保护ANSI(American NationalStandards Institute) 美国国家标准协会Antenna 天线Anti-Corrosive Tape 防腐带Anti-Corrosive Treatment 防腐处理Anti-Rolling Bar 减摇杆Anti-Skid Bar 防滑杆Anticlockwise 逆时针Antifreezing Solution 防冻溶液Antisweat Insulation 防潮材料ANTS (Automatic Navigationand Track-keeping System) 自动导航和跟迹系统AP (After Perpendicular) 船尾垂线API (American Petroleum Institute) 美国石油组织Apparent Slip 视滑距3英语汉语Appendage 附件（船体）备用仪表Appendices 附录Appendix 附录Applicable Rule 适用规则Applicable Standards 适用规格,适用标准Apprentice 见习生、学徒Approval 认可、核准Approved Maker 被认可的制造商APT (After Peak Tank ) 尾尖舱Arc Strike 引弧Arc Time 电弧作业时间Archives 档案Armored Cable 金属护套电缆ARPA (Automatic Rader Plotting Aids) 自动雷达测图仪Arrow Head 箭头As-Built Drawing 最终图Asbestos 石棉ASI (Allocated Stock Item) 分配的材料项目ASME(American Societyof Mechanical Engineers) 美国机械工程师协会Assembly Jig Plan 胎架图Assembly Line 装配线Assembly Stage 装配阶段Associated Work Processes 联合工作过程AST (Anti-Suction Tunnel) 防吸口Astern Turbine 倒车轮机ASTM (American Society of Testing Materials) 美国材料实验协会Athwartship 横过船的Atm. Press.(Atmospheric Pressure) 大气压Atmospheric Condenser 空气冷凝器Atmospheric Pollution 大气污染AUS (Auto Unloading System) 自动卸载系统Auto Filter 自动滤器Automatic Approval 自动认可4英语汉语Automatic Control 自动控制Automatic Exchange Telephone 自动交换电话机Automatic Tension System 自动拉紧系统Automatic Welding 自动焊接Autopilot 自动舵(装置)Auxiliary Machinery (Aux. Mach.) 辅助机械Available Capacity 可用能力Average Error 平均误差AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulator) 自动电压稳压器（调节器）AWB (Airway Bill ) No. 航运收据AWES(The Associationof Western European Shipbuilders) 西欧造船专家联合体AWG(American Wire Gauge) 美国线规AWS ( American Welding Society ) 美国焊接协会5B英语汉语B mld (Moulded Breadth) 型宽B/C ( Bulk Carrier ) 散货船B/L ( Bill of Lading ) 货物清单Babbit Metal 巴比特合金，轴承合金Back Assembly 反面装配Back Bead 背面焊疤Back Fire 烧背Back Gouging 反面清根Back Pressure 压背Back-hand Welding 反手焊接Background 背景Backing Strip 反面衬垫Backlash 反作用力，反斜线Backside Marking 背面标记Backside Undercut 反面咬边Backstrip Welding 反面加衬垫焊Backward Scheduling 反程计划Balance Weight 配重Balancing Machine 平衡试验机Ballast 压载（物）Ballast Tank 压载舱Barge 驳船Barnacle 藤壶（船底附着的贝类）Barred Speed 禁用速度Barrel ( bbl ) 桶Base Metal 母材Baseline (B.L) 基线Basic Concept 基本概念Basic Design 基本设计Basic Requirement 基本需求Battery Charger 充电器BBC (Bare Boat Charter) 无条件租船BCR (Ballast Control Room) 压载控制室Beam 横梁Bearing Metal 轴承合金英语汉语Behind Schedule 工程延期Bellmouth 喇叭口Bellows 波纹管Bench Mark 基准点Bending Moment 挠距，弯距Bending Rolls 卷板机Bent Pipe Fabrication 弯管制作Berth 船台,停泊处Berth Declinity 倾斜船台Bevel 斜面、斜的Bevel Angle 坡口角度, 斜角BFE (Builder Furnished Equipment) 建造者供给设备BHP (Brake Horse Power) 制动马力BHWP (Budgeted Hoursof Work Performed) 工作执行的预算时间BHWS (Budgeted Hours of Work Scheduled) 工作进度的预算时间Bilge Hat 舱底污水井Bilge Holding Tank 舱底储存舱Bilge Hopper Tank 舱底斜边舱Bilge Keel 舭龙骨Bilge Plate 舭板Bilge Radius 舱底半径Bilge Shore 舭撑柱Bilge Well 污水井BIS( Built for In-Water Survey) Mark 可在水中检查标志Bite Union 啮合连接,卡套Bitumastic (Bituminous Cement) 沥青膏Black-out Test 失电试验Blank Plate 盲板、底板Bleached Tar 漂白油Blind Hull 封闭型船体Blind Plate 盲板Blister 气泡、气孔Block Assembly 分段组装,部件装配Block Coefficient 填充系数Block Division 分段划分Block Inspection 分段检验英语汉语Blow Hole 弧坑Blowdown 爆裂Blower 吹风机BOD(Biochemical Oxygen Demand) 生化需氧量Body Plan 横剖型线图BOG ( Boil-off Gas ) 蒸发气体Boiler Compound 锅炉防垢剂Boiling Point 沸腾点Bollard 带缆桩Bolster 垫木Bolt-Head Trimming 无头螺栓BOM ( Bill of Material ) 材料清单Booster Pump 增压泵Boottop 水线带Bosun (Boatswain) Store 水手长贮藏（室）,水手长舱Both-sides Welding 双面焊接Bottleneck 瓶颈、狭口Bottom Block 船底分段Bottom Plug 船底塞Bottom Shell Plating 船底外板Bottom Survey 船底检查Boundary Layer 边界层Bow and Stern Construction 艏艉结构Bow Construction 船艏构造Bow Door 船艏门Bow Thruster 艏侧推Bow Visor 船首门Bowl 滚子Brace 支撑物Bracket (Bkt) 支架,肘板Bracket Floor 空心肋板Brain Storming 智力风暴(自由讨论)Brake Lining 制动衬片,刹车带Branched Pipe Fabrication 支管制作Brass 黄铜Brazing 铜焊,钎焊Brazing Socket 钎焊矩底座Breakdown Maintenance 故障维修,停工检修Breaking Strength 断裂强度Breakwater 防浪板Breast Hook 船艏补强肘板Breathing Apparatus 呼吸器Brickwork 砌砖Bridge Maneuvering 驾驶操纵Brine 海水、盐水Brittle Fracture 脆性断裂Bronze Casting 青铜铸件Brush Coating 刷涂Brush/Brush Holder 握刷器BS( British Standards ) 英国标准BSRA (British ShipResearch Association) 英国船舶研究协会BTU (British Thermal Unit) 英国热量单位Bubbling 泡沫Builder's Sea Trial 建造者试航Builder's Certificate 建造证书Building Dock 造船坞Building Specification 建造规范Built-up Section 组装截面Built-up Welding 装配焊Bulb Plate 球扁钢Bulbous Bow 球鼻首Bulkhead Block 隔壁分段Bulkhead Piece 舱壁连接管Bulkhead Plan 隔壁构造图Bulkhead Stiffener 舱壁扶强材Bulkhead Stool 舱壁座Bulkhead(bhd) 隔壁, 防水壁Bulwark 壁垒,舷墙Bunkering 装燃料、加油Buoyancy 浮力Burning Furnace 燃烧炉Bus Bar 汇流条,母线Butt Welding 对接焊Butterfly valve 蝶阀Buttock Line 船艉线性Buttock Plane 型线纵剖面BV( Bureau Veritas ) 法国船级社Bypass Valve 旁通阀Byproduct 副产品CC/H (Cargo Hold) 货舱Cabin 船舱Cable Bundle 电缆束,整线Cable Clench 系链(锚链)扣座Cable Duct 电缆管Cable Precutting 电缆按规格裁剪Cable Tie 电缆扎带Cable Trunk (C.T) 电缆管道Cable way 电缆路线Cabtyre Cable 橡胶皮电缆Cadet 实习生Caisson 沉箱Call Sign 呼叫信号Calorifier 水加热器Camber 拱度、梁拱Camouflage 伪装,伪装器材Camshaft 凸轮轴Cant Beam 斜梁Cant Frame 斜肋骨Canvas Cover 帆布套Capacity Control 容量控制Capacity Plan 容量图Capacity Requirement 容量要求Capillary Tube 毛细管Capstan 绞盘、绞车Car Carrier 汽车运输船CAR(Corrective Action Request) 校正要求Carbon Air Arc Gouging 碳弧气刨Carbon Monoxide 一氧化碳Cargo Gear Survey 开舱机检查(测量)Cargo Oil Pump 货舱油泵10英语汉语Cargo Sling 吊具Cargo Space 货舱区Carling 短纵梁Carpenter's Workshop 木工车间Cart 手推车Cascade Tank 串联水箱Case Hardening 表面硬化Cast Iron 铸铁Cast Steel 铸钢Casting 铸件,铸造Casualty 事故，故障,伤亡Catamaran Ship 双体船Categorize by Grades 分类级别Cathodic Protection 阴极保护Catwalk 狭窄小路Cause of Defect 缺陷原因Caution Plate 警示板Cavitation 气穴现象CCI (Class Comment Item) 船级社说明项目CCR(Cargo Control Room) 货舱控制室CCTV(Closed Circuit Television) 闭路电视CCU(Central Control Unit) 中央控制单元Ceiling Panel 天花镶板Cellular Double Bottom 框格双层底Center Flange (Cent. Flg) 中心法兰Center Girder 中纵桁材Center Keelson 中内龙骨Center Line (C, C/L) 中心线Center of Buoyancy 浮力中心Center of Gravity (C.G) 重心Center of Symmetry 对称中心Centrifugal Pump 离心泵CEO(Chief Executive Officer) 首席执行官Ceramic Backing 陶瓷衬垫Certificate of Inspection 检验合格证明书Certificate(Cert.) 证书英语汉语CFW (Cooling Fresh Water) 冷却淡水CGT (CompensatedGross Tonnage) 平衡的总重量Chafing Strip 防磨条Chain Block 起重机Chain Intermittent Fillet Weld 对称断续角焊缝Chain Locker (C.L) 锚链舱Chain Pipe 锚链管Chain Stopper 掣链器Chainlet 小链Chalk Test 垩粉贴合试验Chamfering 倒角Chamfering Tool 样板刀,成形切刀Change Room 更衣室Change-over Switch 转换开关Channel 通道、沟槽Characteristic Curve 特性曲线Chart Room 海图室Check Point 检测点Check Valve 止回阀Checkered Plate (chk. pl.) 花钢板,钢板网Checkpoint Review Meeting 关键点检查Chemical Analysis 化学分析Chemical Cleaning 化学清洗Chemical Composition 化学成分Chemical Tanker 化学品船Chief Engineer(C/Eng.) 轮机长Chipping Hammer 风铲Chock Liner 冲击套斜垫片Chock fast 楔子固定快速垫片Christening(Naming) Ceremony 命名仪式Chronometer 计时计Chute 滑道Circulating Pump 循环泵Clad Steel 复合钢板Clamp 夹钳Class 1 Pipe 一级管Class A Fires A级火灾英语汉语Class A-60 Bulkhead A-60级防火舱壁Class Notation 船级符号Classification Certificate 船级证书Classification Rule 船级规定Classification Society 船级协会Clearance 间隙、清除Cleat 夹板Clinometer 倾斜仪Clockwise 顺时针方向Clogged Filter 阻塞了的滤器Closing Appliance 闭锁装置Closing Plate 密封板Coaming 舱口围板Coaxial Cable 同轴电缆Cocking-Up 竖起,毁坏Coding System ofHull Structure Piece 船体结构编码系统Cofferdam ( C/D ) 隔离舱,围堰Cold Bending 冷弯Cold Crack 冷裂纹Cold Galvanizing 冷镀锌Cold Rolling 冷轧Collar Plate 补板Collect Performance Data 收集性能数据Collier / Coal Carrier 运煤船Collision 碰撞Collision Bulkhead 防撞舱壁Color Scheme 彩色设计Combustible Material 易燃材料Combustion Chamber 燃烧室Common Battery Telephone 共电式电话Common Criteria 公共标准Common Practice 常规,一般惯例Compartment 舱室,隔舱Compass Deck 罗径甲板Compensation for Openning 开孔加强Complement 补助Compound Press. Gauge 复合压力计英语汉语Compressed Air 压缩空气Compromise 妥协,让步Compulsary Item 必须项目Concentrate on Problem Solution 集中于问题解决方案Concentrated Load 集中负荷Concentration of Stress 应力集中Concentric Reducer 同心异径管,变径接头Condensate Pump 冷凝泵Condenser 冷凝器Confidential 密件,机密Confined Area 封闭区Conformity 符合Congested Area 拥挤地区Connection Diagram 接线图Conning Station 舰艇指挥操纵部位Consequential Damage 间接损害Consortium 社团,协会Construction Period 建造周期Construction Profile 结构纵剖面图Consumables 消费品Contact Condition 触点条件Contact Damage 接触破损Contact Ratio 贴合度Container Ship 集装箱船Contamination 污染Contract Design 合同设计Contract Review 合同评估Contract Work Change 包工变更Contraction Coefficient 收缩系数Contraction Scale 缩尺Contractual Obligation 合同义务Contrarotating Propeller 反向螺旋桨Control Chart 控制图表Control Panel 控制屏Conversion Project 洽谈项目Converter 转换器Cooling Tower 冷却塔Coordination 协调英语汉语COPT (Cargo Oil Pump Turbine) 货舱油泵气轮机Corner Joint 弯管接头角接接头Corridor 走廊Corrosion Control 腐蚀控制Corrosion Inhibitor 防腐剂Corrosion Rate 腐蚀率Corrugated Bulkhead (Corr. Bhd) 褶皱舱壁Cost Control 成本管理Cost Savings 节省费用COT (Crude Oil Tanker) 原油油船COT(Cargo Oil Tank) 货油舱Counter-balance Valve 背压阀Counterclockwise 逆时针Counterflow 逆流Coupling Bolt 接合螺栓, 连轴器螺栓Course Keeping Ability 航向保持能力COW( Crude Oil Washing ) 原油洗舱Cowl Head Ventilator 帽式通风筒CPP(Controllable Pitch Propeller) 调距螺旋桨CPU(Central Processing Unit) 中央处理器Crankcase 曲轴箱Crankshaft Deflection 曲轴臂距差Crash Ahead/Astern 全速正车/倒车Crater 焊口Crawler Crane 屡带式起重机CRI (Client Request Item) 客户要求项目Cross Section 横截面Cross Tie 横撑材Crossover Way 交叉路Cruciform Bollard 十字型带缆桩Cruiser Ship 旅游客船Cryogenic Temperature 制冷温度CS (Customer Satisfaction) 顾客满意CSDP (Computerized Ship Designand Production System) 计算机化的船舶设计和生产系统cSt (Centistocks), 1cSt=1 mm2/s 动粘度Curing 变流器Current Transformer 整流器英语汉语Current Transformer (C.T) 切削钢板Cut Steel Plate 切割图Cutting Drawing 割嘴Cutting Tip 割炬Cutting Torch 旋转观察窗CVS(Clear View Screen) 清晰屏幕Cylinder Liner (Cyl. Liner) 气缸套DD mld (Moulded Depth) 型深D/B ( Double Bottom ) 双层底D/B W.B.T(Double Bottom Water Ballast Tank) 双层底水压载舱Damage Repair 事故检查Damage Survey Report 损害检验报告Damping 减幅,阻尼Dangerous Goods 危险品DAP(Detailed Assembly Procedure) 细部装配Data Collection 数据汇集,收集资料Datum Line 基准线Davit 吊艇架Daytime 白天Db (Decibel) 分贝DC (Direct Current) 直流DCFW (DoubleContinuous Fillet Welding) 双面连续角焊缝DCRP(D.C Reversed Polarity) 直流反极性DCSP(D.C Straight Polarity) 直流正极性De-rusting 去锈Deadweight Measurement 载重测量Deaerator 空气排除器Decision Making 决策Deck Below 甲板下Deck Block 甲板滑轮Deck Composition 甲板敷料Deck Covering 甲板覆层Deck Fittings 甲板固定用设备Deck Girder 甲板纵桁16英语汉语Deck Load 甲板载荷Deck Longitudinal 甲板纵骨Deck Machinery 甲板机械Deck Openning 甲板开口Deck Plan 甲板布置图Deck Plating 甲板铺板Deck Store 甲板储藏室Deck Stowage 甲板积载Deck Under 下甲板Deck Water Seal 甲板水封Deckhouse 舱面船室Decorative Light 装饰灯Deep Tank 深舱Deep-well Pump 深井泵Defect 缺陷Definition 定义Deflection Plate 偏转板Deformation 变形Degreasing 去油,脱脂Dehumidifier 干凝器Delete 删除Delivery Lead Time 交货提前时间Demurrage 延期费Deoxidation Practice 脱氧方法Departure Condition 开航状态Deposit Metal 焊缝金属Depreciation 贬值,跌价Derating Exemption Certificate 防鼠免税证Derrick Post 吊杆柱Desiccant 干燥剂Design by Zone by Ship type 根据地域设计Design Change 设计更改Design Contractor 设计压缩机Design Criteria 设计准则Design Details 设计细节Design for Production 生产设计Design Load 设计负载Design Model 设计模型17英语汉语Design Requirements for 设计要求Design Review 设计评论Design Standard (for) 设计标准Designed Condition 设计条件Designed Load Draft (Td) 设计满载吃水Detail Design 详细设计Detail Scheduling 详细计划Detector 探测器Dew Point (D.P) 露点DFT (Dry Film Thickness) 干膜厚度DGPS(Differential Global Positioning System) 微型全球定位系统Diagonal Line 对角线Diaphragm (Diaph.) 隔膜Diesel Electric Propulsion 柴油电力推进Diesel Generator (D/G) 柴油发电机Differential (Diff.) Pressure 压差Diffuser 扬声纸盒Dimensional Control 尺寸控制Directional Control Valve 方向控制阀Disassemble 分解Disconnection 分离,断开Dismantling 分解Dispensary 诊疗所Displacement Tonnage 排水吨数Display Unit 显示单元Disposal of Garbage 垃圾处置Distilled Water 蒸馏水Distortion 扭曲Distribution 分布,配电Distribution Board (D.B) 配电盘DLWL(Design Load Water Line) 设计载重水线DNV(Det Norske Veritas) 挪威船级社DO ( Diesel Oil) 柴油Dock Trial 系泊试验Docking Bracket 坐坞肘板Docking Plan 进坞图Docking Survey 进坞检验18英语汉语Donkey Boiler 辅助锅炉Door Sill 门槛Dotted Line 虚线Double Bevel K型坡口Double Fillet Weld 双面搭焊Double Hull 双层船壳Double Skin Construction 双层结构Doubling Plate/ Doubler 负板Down Light 向下照光Down-Hand Welding 平焊Downstream 后处理程序Downtime 停工期DPS ( Dynamic Positioning System) 动力定位系统Draft Gauge 吃水标尺Draft Marks 吃水标志Draft Stop 风挡Drain Trap 放泄弯管Drainage System 排水系统Drawing Issue Schedule 图纸出版计划Dredger 挖泥船Dresser Coupling 带盘根套筒Drilling Rig 钻机Drinking Water Fountain 饮水器Dripproof 防滴的Driptray 积油盘Drydocking 入干船坞Drying Tumbler 烘燥机Duct Keel 箱型龙骨Dumbwaiter 小型升降机Dummy 虚拟的，虚构的，假货Dumping Condenser 电容Duplex Filter 双层过滤器Dust Collector 除尘器DWT (Deadweight Tonnage) 净载重吨Dye Penetrant Inspection 染色渗透检验Dynamic Balance Test 动平衡实验Dynamic Balancing 动态平衡19英语汉语Ee.g. (Exempli Gratia) 例如E/I ( Erection Inspection ) 合拢检验E/Rm Arr't (Engine Room Arr't) 机舱布置Earth Connection 地线连接Earth Lamp 接地灯Eccentric Reducer 偏心异径管Eccentricity 离心率ECDIS (Electronic ChartDisplay and Information system) 电子海图显示和信息系统Echo Sounder 回声测深仪Economizer 节能器ECP (Electric Cable Pipe) 电缆管ECR (Engine Control Room) 集控室Edge Preparation 接边加工Edge Welding 端接焊接Efficiency 效率EGW( Electro Gas Welding) 电气焊EHP (Effective Horse Power) 有效马力Elbow 弯管Electric Arc Welding 电弧焊Electric Load Analysis 电力负荷分析Electric Shock 电击Electrical Installation 电器设备Electrical Work 电气工作Electro-Hydraulic System 电动液压系统Electrode Holder 焊条夹钳Electromagnetic Valve 电磁阀Electroplating 电镀Electrostatic Hazard 静电危害Elevation (Elev.) 侧面图Elevator 电梯Em'cy Shutdown Test 应急停车试验Embarkation Light 乘艇灯Emergency Door 应急出口Emergency Escape Trunk 应急逃生通道Emergency Exit 紧急出口Emergency Fire Pump 应急消防泵20英语汉语Emergency Power Supply 应急电源Empirical Data 经验数据Enclosed Space 封闭区域Endurance Trial 耐航试验Engine Control Console 集控台Ensign Staff 船尾旗杆Environmental Effects 环境影响Environmental Protection 环境保护EPIRB(EmergencyPosition Indicating Radio Beacon) 应急无线电方位指示Equipment List 设备清单Equipment Number 设备数量Erection 合拢Erection Schedule 安装进度Erection Sequence 安装程序Ergonomics 人机工程学Erosion 腐蚀ERW (Electric Resistance Welding) 电阻焊ESBD(Emergency Switchboard) 应急配电盘Establish Acceptance Standards 建立可接受的标准Estimated Labor Load 估计劳动强度ETA(Estimated Time of Arrival) 预计到达时间ETD(Estimated Time of Departure) 预计开航时间Evaluation of Alternatives 交流发电机测定Evaluation of Current Methods 资产及负债评估Evaporating coil 蒸发盘管Even Keel 平载Evidence for protecting shipyard 厂区防卫设施Excavator 开凿机Exhaust Gas Boiler 排气锅炉，废气锅炉Exhaust Manifold 排气集气管Exhaust Valve 排气阀Existing Ship 现有船Expanded Metal 板网Expansion Joint 伸缩节头Expansion Tank 膨胀舱Explosion Risk 爆炸危险21英语汉语Explosion-Proof Lamp 防爆灯Explosion-Proof Motor 防爆马达Explosive Atmosphere 爆燃性空气Exposed Deck 露天甲板Extension Rod 伸缩尺Extent of Work 作业范围External Design Agency 外部设计代理Extra Work 额外不包含价目内的Extraction Tower 抽提塔Extreme Breadth 最大宽度Extreme Length 视距最大长度Eye Plate 眼板系缆钮Eyebrow/ Brow玄窗眉板FFA (Factory Automation) 工程自动化Fabrication (Fab.) 制作装配工Fabrication Line Plan 装配流水线计划Fabrication Shop 船体加工车间Face Plate 画线平台Facilities Layout 设备布局图Facing Up 对研,面磨合Facsimile Recorder 传真记录器Fail-Safe 失效保险,故障保险Failure Rate 故障率Fairing (up) 调平Fairing of Lines 线状调平Fairleader 导缆孔False Bottom 假底Fashion Plate 曲板Fathom 长度单位6英寸Fatigue Allowance 准许疲劳Fatigue Analysis 疲劳分析Fatigue Strength 疲劳强度Fatigue Test 疲劳试验Faucet 龙头旋塞FCAW(Flux Cored Arc Welding) 熔接FD( Forced Draft ) Fan 强力通风22英语汉语Feasibility Study (系统)可行性研究Feedwater Regulation Valve 给水调节阀Feeler Gauge 间隙规塞尺Fender 挡泥板Fiber Glass 玻璃纤维耐热绝缘材料Field Engineer 现场工程师Field Fabrication 现场制作Field Plan 现场计划Filler Metal 焊丝Fillet Welding 焊角Fin Stabilizer 减摇鳍Final Drawing 最终图样Final Sighting 最终观测Fine Control 精细控制Finish Paint 面漆Finish Symbol 加工符号Fire Classification 消防分类Fire Control Station 消防指挥中心Fire Damper 沼气Fire Dangerous Zone 火灾危险区域Fire Extinguisher 灭火器Fire Hose Box 灭火水龙带箱Fire Insulation 防火材Fire Prevention 防火Fire Protection 消防Fire Resistance Test 耐火试验Fire Retardant Paint 耐燃漆Firebrick 耐火砖Firemain Line 消防救援绳First-In First-Out Method 一进一出法First-line Superviser 一线监督员Fishing Boat 渔船Fit and Weld 配合与焊接Fit-up 装备,准备Fitting Length 合适长度Fix Jig 固定胎架Fixture 固定装备Flame Cutting 火焰切断23英语汉语Flame Failure 火焰中断Flame Planer 火抛光Flame Screen 防火网Flammable Vapour 可燃性蒸汽Flange 法兰Flash Point 闪点Flat Bar 条钢Flat Panel Base 平板Flat Position Welding 平卧焊Flatness 平面Flexible Hose 柔性管Flexible Mounting 活动架Float Time 浮动阀Float Valve 浮阀Floating Dock 浮动船坞Floating Floor 浮隔地板Flood Light 投光灯Flooding Test 浸水试验Floor Plate 波纹板Flow Chart 作业图流程图Flow Diagram 流程图Flow Measurement 流量计量Flow Meter 流量计Flue Gas 废气Fluorescent Lamp 日光灯Fluorescent Paint 荧光涂料Flushing 冲洗Flux 磁通溶剂涨潮Flux and Reflux 涨潮落潮Flying Bridge 浮桥Flywheel 调速轮FM(Frequency Modulation) 调频FMS (Flexible Manufacturing Sys.) 流水线生产系统Foam Fire Extinguisher 泡沫灭火器Foam Monitor 泡沫监控器FOB(Free On-Board) 泡沫监视器FOC(Fuel Oil Consumption) 燃油消耗量Following Operation 后续工程24英语汉语Food Wastes 食品消耗Foot Valve 脚底阀底阀Forced Circulation 强迫环流压力环流Forced Draft Fan 压力通风风扇Fore Block 前头Fore Construction 船首建造Forebody 船首前半部Forecastle Deck (F'cle Dk) 首楼甲板Foreign Matter 杂质Foremast 前桅Foreward(fwd) 向前Forged Steel 铸钢Forging 锻造Forklift Truck 铲车Forming 组成Foster Subcontractor 鼓励培养外包Foundation 机座Foundry 铸造FP (Fore Perpendicular) 首部垂直FPP(Fixed Pitch Propeller) 定螺距螺旋桨FPSO(Floating Production,Storage and Offloading Vessel) 浮试储油船FPT(Forepeak Tank) 船头存水舱Fr. (Frame) 结构Frame Bending Machine 结构弯曲机械Frame Space (F.S) 结构间距Free Float 自由余袷时间Free of Charge 免费Free Surface Effect 自由液面作用Freeboard Deck 干舷甲板Freefall Lifeboat 救生艇Freeing Port 排水孔Freezing Point 凝固点Frequency 频率Fresh Water Generator 淡水发电机Friction Coefficient 摩擦系数Friction Loss 摩擦损失Front Elevation 正面图前视图25英语汉语Frost bite 毛面卡套FRP(Fiber Reinforced Plastics) 纤维增强塑料FSD (FabricationSequence Diagram) 装配顺序图Fuel Injection Pump 燃油注入泵Fuel Oil Tank 燃油舱Fuel Valve Testing Equipment 燃油阀装置试验Full Load Displacement 全负荷排水量Full Penetration (F.P) 焊透Full Size 实际大小Fume Extraction 排烟装置Fumigation 熏舱Fundamental Skill of Trades 基本技能Funnel Mark 烟囱标记Functional Requirementof Machinery system 机械系统的功能要求Furniture 家具Fusible Plug 保险丝插座Future Direction 远景规划FWT (Fresh Water Tank)淡水舱GG/A (General Arrangement) 总布置图Gallery 隔栅平台Galley 船上厨房Galv. (Galvanizing) 镀锌Galvanic Action 电镀作用Galvanic Corrosion 电化腐蚀Galvanized Steel 镀锌板Gangway 舷梯通道Gantry Crane 龙门起重机Gap and Sag Method 间隙和下垂法Garboard Strake 龙骨翼板Gas Cutting 气割Gas Detection System 气体探测系统Gas Free 不含气的Gas Purging 气体吹洗，气体排出Gas Testing for Tank Entry 舱室入口气体测试26英语汉语Gas-Free Certificate 气体检验证书Gas-Shielded Arc Welding 气体保护焊Gasket 垫圈Gastight Bulkhead 气密舱壁Gate Valve 闸门阀Gauge Board 样板Gear Pump 齿轮泵General Cargo Ship 普通货船General Considerations 总则General Outfitting 一般装备Girder 梁Girth 周长GL(Germanisher Lloyd) 德国船级社Glass Wool 玻璃丝Globe Valve 球心阀Glossary of Terms 术语表GM (Metacentric Height) 稳心高度GMAW(Gas Metal Arc Welding) 气体保护金属极电弧焊GMDSS(Global MaritimeDistress and Safety System) 全球海上遇险和安全系统Goal 目标Goliath Crane 巨型起重机Gooseneck Ventilator 鹅颈式通风管Gouging 刨削Governor 管理者GPS(Global Positioning System) 球形配置系统Grab Bucket 抓斗Grade 等级Gradual Failure 逐步实效Grand Assembly 主要装配Grand-block Joining 主要分段合拢Grating 门窗的隔栅Gravity Arc Welding 重力弧焊Gravity Tank (Head Tank) 重力供油箱Grease Nipple 油脂螺纹接头Grease Pump 油脂泵Grid 格子Groove 凹槽27英语汉语Gross Tonnage 总吨数Group Incentive 集体奖励Group Technology 分组工艺GRP( Glass Reinforced Plastics) 玻璃钢GSI (General Stock Item) 一般采购条款GSP (Group Starter Panel) 分组起动机面板GT (Gross Tonnage) 总吨数GTAW (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding) 钨电极惰性气体保护焊Guarantee Period 保修期Guarantee Work 保修工作Guard Rail 围栏Gudgeon 舵钮Guide Piece 导桩定位桩Guillotine 闸刀Gusset Plate 加固板Gutter Pipe 排水管Gymnasium 健身房体育馆Gypsy Wheel / Wildcat 锚链轮Gyrocompass回转罗盘HHalf Round Bar 半圆钢Half-Breadth Plan 半副图Halyard 升降索Hamful Substance 有害物质Hand Jig 手摇跳汰机Handrail 栏杆Hanger Point 支点Hardening 淬水Hardness Test 硬度试验Hatch Coaming 舱口围板Hatch Cover (Folding/Side Rolling/ Pontoon) 装货口盖Hatch End Beam 舱口盖横梁Hawsepipe 锚链管Hazardous Substance 有害物质HBCM (Hull BlockConstruction Method) 船体建造分段方法28英语汉语Head Set 耳机，听筒Headroom 净空区域Heat Affected Zone 热影响区Heat Balance 热平衡Heat Conductivity 热传导率Heat Exchanger 热交换器Heat Resistant Paint 耐热油漆Heat straightening 加热校正Heat Treatment 热处理Heating Coil 加热盘管Heating Method 加热方法Heating Torch 喷灯Hexagon Head Bolt 六角头螺钉Hexagon Wrench 六角形扳手HFO (Heavy Fuel Oil) 重质燃油High Pressure Gas Accident 高压气体意外事故High Stress Zone 高压区域High Temp. CoolingWater System (H.T.C.W System) 高温冷却水系统High Tensile Steel 高压铁High Voltage Test 高电压试验Hinge 铰链Historical Data for Similar Work 类似工作的历史资料HNS (Hazardous andNoxious Substances) 危险有毒气体Hogging(ref.;Sagging) 弯曲Hold Frame 舱内肋骨Hold Watching Step 货舱观察踏步Holding-Down Bolt 沉孔螺栓Holiday 假日假期Hollow Shaft 空心轴管轴Honing Machine 磨孔机Horizontal (Position) Welding 地平线Horizontal Girder 水平梁Horizontal Shaft 水平轴Horizontal Stiffener 横梁Horn Cleat 单羊角Hose Rest 水龙带搁架29英语汉语Hose Test 软管试验Hose Valve 水带阀门Hot Cracking Test 热破裂试验Hot forming 热形成Hull Block Painting 船体分段涂装Hull Construction 船体建筑Hull Form Coefficient 船型系数Hull Fouling 船体污垢Hull Opening 船体开口Hull Outfit 船体舾装Hull Parts List 船体目录零件表Hull Piping 船体配管Hull Preservation 船体保存Hull Steel 船壳钢板Hull Strength 船体强度Hull Stress Monitoring System 船体强度控制系统Hull Weight 船体重量Human Engineering 运行工程学Humidity Control 湿度控制HVAC(Heating,Ventilationand Air Conditioning) 加热通风空气调节器Hydrant Valve 消防龙头阀Hydraulic Jack 喷水式推进器Hydraulic Lift (Cherrypicker) 液压升降机Hydraulic Oil 液压油Hydraulic Power Pack 液压机组装置Hydrochloric Acid 盐酸Hydrofoil Boat 水翼艇Hydrometer 液体比重计Hydrophore Unit 采水样器Hydrostatic Test 水压试验Hygrometer 湿度计Hz (Hertz) 赫兹30英语汉语LI/E ( Inclining Experiment ) 倾斜试验IACS(International Associationof Classification Socities) 国际船级社联合会IAEA (InternationalAtomic Energy Agency) 国际原子能组织ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) 国际民用航空组织ICCP(Impressed Current Cathodic Protection) 外加电流阴极保护Ice Breaker 破冰船Ice Class Rules 冰级规范ICS (InternationalChamber of Shipping) 国际航运会所ID (Internal Diameter) 内径ID( Identification ) No. 身份证Identical 同样Idle Time 空转时间Idling 空转IEC(International Electrotechnical Commission) 国际电气代理IEEE (Institute of Electricaland Electronic Engineers) 电气和电气工程师协会IG ( Inert Gas ) Generator 惰性气体发生器IGC (International Gas Code) 国际气体代码Ignition Point 燃点IHOP(Integrated Hull,Outfitting and Painting) 船体整体舾装涂装IIW(International Institute of Welding) 国际焊接协会ILLC(International LoadLine Convention) 国际载重线协定Illumination Level 照明标准ILO (International Labor Organization)国际劳动组织IMDG (InternationalMaritime Dangerous Goods) Code 国际危险品代码Immersion Suit 沉浸服Immersion Time 沉浸时间31英语汉语IMO (International MaritimeOrganization) 国际海事组织IMPA (InternationalMaritime Pilots' Association) 国际海上引水协会Impact Analysis 冲击( 影响)分析Impact Load 冲击负荷Impact Test 冲击试验Impact Wrench 套筒扳手Impeller 推进器叶轮Implementation Budget 实现预算Impulse Turbine 冲击式气轮机Impurity杂质In-Place Valve Repair 阀内修In-Process 在进行中In-Process Inspection 工序检验In-Process Material Control 材料过程控制In-situ Repair 原地修理Inboard 船内Incandescent Lamp 白炽灯Incentive System 奖励制度。

报告内容应该包括哪些部分1. 引言（Introduction）在报告的引言部分，应该对报告的目的、背景和重要性进行简要介绍。

总结问题陈述，并概述报告的整体结构。

2. 方法（Methods）在方法部分，应该描述研究所采用的方法和步骤。

具体而言，应包括以下内容：- 数据采集：介绍数据来源、收集方式和采样方法等；- 变量定义：详细说明所使用的各种变量和其测量方法；- 实验设计：如果是实验研究，应该说明实验设置、样本规模和组织等；- 分析方法：描述数据分析方法和所使用的统计软件。

3. 结果（Results）在结果部分，应该清楚地呈现研究所得的结果。

以下是需要包括的内容：- 数据描述：给出数据的基本描述统计量，例如均值、中位数、标准差等；- 相关分析：分析不同变量之间的相关性；- 实验结果：如果是实验研究，应该总结实验结果；- 统计分析：给出用于验证研究假设的统计检验结果；- 图表展示：使用合适的图表和表格展示结果，如柱状图、折线图、表格等。

4. 讨论（Discussion）在讨论部分，对研究结果进行分析和解释，并进行相关讨论和比较。

以下是需要包括的内容：- 结果解读：对结果进行解释，指出是否与研究假设相一致；- 结果比较：与其他类似研究或文献进行比较，并分析差异原因；- 结果影响：讨论结果对实践或相关领域的影响；- 结果限制：指出研究可能存在的局限性或不确定性。

5. 结论（Conclusion）在结论部分，总结研究的主要发现和结论，并给出对后续研究或实践的建议。

6. 致谢（Acknowledgements）在致谢部分，对给予支持和帮助的人或组织表示感谢。

7. 参考文献（References）在参考文献部分，列出所有在报告中引用的文献和资料。

附录（Appendices）根据需要，可在报告末尾添加附录部分，包括对数据处理的细节、额外的图表或表格，或其他相关的补充信息。

附加说明- 确保报告具有一致的结构和流畅的语言；- 使用合适的标题和子标题，以帮助读者快速浏览报告；- 确保用足够的证据和数据支持观点，避免主观性的判断；- 禁止抄袭他人的作品，务必标注引用的地方。