三大从句之宾语从句
宾语从句：
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。通俗的说就是一个句子做另一个句子的宾语. 主要跟在及物动词和介词之后。一般由“引导词＋主语＋谓语＋其它”构成，其语序是陈述句语序。
如何判断：
1．可以从整个句式看,宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。
2．从引导词看。if充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于whether，词义为“是否”，when充当宾语从句的连接词时，意为“什么时候”。
3．从时态看。if和when作连接词时，引导宾语从句要注意：从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。
所以宾语从句的三大要素：时态语序引导词
前世今生：
I know you . you are right.→I know you are right. /I know that you are right.
?引导词
?that (后面是陈述句) I believe that you are an honest boy.
?what which who I don’t know what they are going to do.
what are they going to do？
whose whom Tell me whose PSP it is.（whose PSP is it？）where when Can you tell me where he lives?
where does he live?
Why how I know why he was late. (why was he late？)
（特殊疑问句）
The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.
宾语从句注意事项
?主句的谓语动词是say，think，tell，know，hear，see，feel，mean，hope，wish，
remember，forget等时，或主句的谓语动词是由形容词afraid，glad，sure，sorry等作表语的系表结构时，后面常接that引导的宾语从句。例如：
He says that he wants to speak to the headmaster．他说他想和校长说话。
I think that we need to buy some meat for the party．我认为我们需要为聚会买些肉。
I'm sorry（that）he isn't here right now．对不起，此刻他不在。
?从句的引导词that能省略吗？
that引导的宾语从句用来陈述事实，that本身无词义，在从句中不作任何成分，在口语中常常省略。
I guess （that）somebody else has borrowed it．我猜是别的人把它借走了。
I'm afraid（that）you'll have to wait．恐怕你得等一下。
注意：
◆从句前面有插入语时，引导词that不能省略；
◆如果有两个并列的宾语从句，第二个从句的引导词that也不能省略。
She may tell you，for example，that she is interested in Chinese．例如，她可能会告诉你，她对汉语感兴趣。
Mr Read said（that）he taught English in a middle schoolin Beijing and that he came from Australia．里德先生说他在北京的一所中学教英语，他来自澳大利亚。
?连接代词和连接副词起引导宾语从句的作用，不再重复使用连接词，造成错误。
I can't see that what is over there．（×）此句中应去掉that。
?可用连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句的动词或短语动词有see，say，tell，ask，
answer，know，decide，find out，show，remember，choose等。如：
We can't decide who should go to Beijing first．我们不能决定谁应该先去北京。
Read the story below and find out who Father Christmas is．
读下面的故事，弄清楚圣诞老人是谁。
?否定前移；及完成反意问句；
主句是I ／We think ／suppose ／guess ／believe imagine / expect等，动词后跟宾语从句否定式时，应转移到主句上去，完成反意问句时，应与从句主/谓保持一致。
（注: 否定前移的条件是，主句主语是第一人称I .We）
I don't think he is right ,is he? 我认为他是不对的,是吗？
I don't believe they have finished their work yet, have they ? 我相信/认为他们还没有完成那项工作
例如：我认为鸡不会游泳。
误：I think chickens can not swim．正：I don't think chickens can swim．
注意：上述情况变成反意疑问句时，附加问句要看从句，如果主句的主语不是第一人称，则附加问句要看主句。试比较：
I think he is wrong，isn't he？He thinks he is right，doesn't he？
?特殊疑问句变宾语从句五注意
一、在引导词上，要将疑问代词或疑问副词变为连接代词或连接副词，引导宾语从句。如：
Whose bike is this？Does anybody know？→ Does anybody know whose bike this is？
二、宾语从句的时态应与主句的时态保持一致。如：
When the train will arrive？He asked me．→ He asked me when the train would arrive．
三、在语序上，要将疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。如：
Which one do you like best？She askedme．→She asked me which one I liked best．
【注意】疑问句中主语之前的助动词若是do／does ／did，变为宾语从句时，要先将其去掉，谓语动词再根据时态作相应的变化。
四、特殊疑问词在句中作主语，变为宾语从句时语序不变（时态应作相应变化）。如：
Who can answer the question？The teacher asked．
→The teacher asked who could answer the question．
五、特殊疑问句变为宾语从句后，用问号还是用句号完全取决于主句的句式：如主句为陈述句、祈使句，句末就用句号；如主句是疑问句，句末就用问号。如：
I don't know when we shall start tomorrow．Do you know when we shall start tomorrow？
宾主从句的简化
⑴当主句的谓语动词是hope ， agree，wish，choose，decide，promise等，后面带宾语从句，且主从
句主语相同时，可以简化成不定式结构作宾语。
We hope that we shall see you soon．→We hope to see you soon．
She agreed that she would help me with my English．→S he agreed to help mewith my English．
⑵当主句谓语动词是know，learn，forget，remember等词时，
后面带的宾语从句可简化成“疑问词＋不定式”结构，此时，主从句主语也须一致。
I really don't know what I should do next．→I really don't know what to do next．
She didn't know whether she should go or not．→She didn't know whether to go or not．
I have forgotten how I can open the door．→I have forgotten how to open the door．
⑶当主句谓语动词是ask，tell，show，teach等，后带双宾语，且从句主语和间接宾语一致时，
宾语从句可转化成“疑问词＋不定式”结构。
Could you tellme how Ican getto the postoffice？
→Could you tell me how to get to the post office？
Please tell me where I can find him．→Please tell me where to find him．
但是，如果间接宾语和从句的主语不一致，一般不要把宾语从句简化，否则会产生歧义。
He didn't tell me where he wouldgo．→He didn't tell me where to go．
简化的句子涵义可能有以下两种：“他没有告诉我他将去什么地方。”或“他没有告诉我将去什么地方。”
⑷当主句的谓语动词是order（命令），require（需要）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，
宾语从句可转化成“名词（代词）＋不定式”结构。
The headmaster ordered that we should start at once．
→The headmaster ordered us to start at once．
⑸除了以上用不定式简化宾语从句之外，也可以采用另外一些结构。
He insisted that he should go withus．→He insisted on going with us．
We found that the box was very heavy．→We found the box very heavy．
?宾语从句和状语从句的分辩。
当if解释为“是否”时，其引导的是宾语从句。遵循宾语从句的时态规则。
He doesn’t know if she will come tomorrow.
当if解释为“如果”时，其引导的是条件状语从句。遵循的是“主将从现”的时态规则。
She will come if she has time tomorrow.
?if和whether的区别
一、if或whether引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲，常放在动词ask 、see 、say 、know和find out等后面。一般情况下，两者常可换用，在口语中多用if。
Nobody knows whether (if) it will rain tomorrow. 没有人知道明天是否下雨。
Lucy asked whether (if) they had a cotton sweater .露西问他们是否有棉制的羊毛衣。
二、if和whether的区别：
⑴在动词不定式之前只能用whether 。
⑵当whether与or not在一句中时，只能用whether。
⑶在介词后，只能用whether。
⑷宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether 。
⑸在及物运动discuss后的宾语从句中，只能用whether。
⑹引导主语从句时，只能用whether。
⑺引导表语从句时，只能用whether。
⑻引导同位语从句时，只能用whether。
例：I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。
例： I don't know whether or not they will come for our help.
我不知道他们是否要来求我们支援。
例：I want to know whether it’s good news or not . 我想知道是否是好消息。
例： His father is worried about whether he lose his work . 他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。例： Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem .
他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问
题。
例：We’re discussing whether we’ll go on a picnic.我们在讨论是否要去野餐
例：It is unknown whether he will come. 他是否来还不知道。
例：Whether the news is true remains a question. 这个消息是否真实仍然是个问题。
例：What we want to know is whether he will come to speak to us tomorrow.
我们想知道的是他明天是否来给我们讲话。
例：The question is whether they can take our advice.问题是他们是否能接受我们的意见。
⑼If可以用来引导一个否定的宾语从句，whether不能用来引导否定的宾语从句，因为它表示正反两
方面的选择意义比较强。例如：
例：Tell me if it is not going to rain, please. 请告诉我明天是否不会下雨。
例：He considered if he shouldn't tell her the secret. 他考虑他是否不该告诉她这个秘密。
⑽if除引导宾语从句外，还可以引导条件状语从句，作“是否”解。
在容易引起混淆产生歧义的情况下，就不可用if，而用whether。例如：
①Please let me know if you intend to come.这个句子有两种解释：
A：“请让我知道你是否想来。”把if引导的从句看作宾语从句，把动词know视为及物动词(vt．)；B：“如果你打算来，请让我们知道。”把if引导的从句当作条件状语从句，把动词know看作不及物动词(vi．)。
在口语中，我们可以通过语调来表示两者的区别；但是，在书面语中，无上下文(如一张便条上写着这句话)，那就含混不清了。
如果我们想表达的第一种含义，就得用whether来改写第一句。①～ know whether you ～.
又如：
②Let me know whether he has left for Shanghai. 告诉我他是否已经去上海了。
③Let me know if he has left for Shanghai. 如果他去上海，请告诉我一声。
练习：
1．Lucy told me she began to learn swimming. (what, when)
2．I don't know ————he will come tomorrow. (that, if)
3．I want to know ————he has been back. (how soon多久以后，how long多长时间)
4．I was really surprised at ————I saw. (when, what)
1．I don't know he still lives here after so many years.
A．whether B．where C．what D．when
2．Could you tell me the radio without any help?
A．how did he mend B．what did he mend C．how he mended D．what he mended 3．She asked Tom with his car?
A．what the matter was B．what the matter is C．what was the matter D．what is the matter
4．The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 Christmas Day.
A．is B．was C．has been D．will be
5．I don’t know he wil l come tomorrow. he comes, I’ll tell you. A．if; Whether B．whether; Whether C．if; That D．if; If
6．--- I wonder without water. --- About a week.
A．how long man can live B．how long can man live
C．when man can live D．when can man live
7．--- Will you please show me how to do the role-play exercise?
--- Sure. Now let me tell you first.
A．which to do B．how to do C．when to do D．what to do
8．She hasn’t decided to go to Canada? (或是when也可以)
A．whether B．if C．why D．where ACCADADA
初中英语语法——三大从句汇总 在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即 状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。以 下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点 A、定语从句专项讲解与训练 一、定语从句概念 定语从句（attributive clause），顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。另外，定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。 定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词被称作先行词。请看示例： The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 先行词定语从句 在所有的从句中，算定语从句最难掌握，因为汉语里没有定语从句，汉语里只有定语，而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示： 先行词主格宾格所有格 人 who whom whose 物 which which whose of which 人、物 that that — （一）关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法 who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。例如： An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。
I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school.我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。 Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。whom代替人，是宾格，在定语从句作宾语，在非正式英语常可省略。例如：Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我们在学校图书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗？ This is the student whom my father taught ten years ago.这是我爸爸十年前教的学生。 The girl who I saw is called Mary. 我见到的那个女孩名叫玛丽。（在非正式英语中，主格who代替了宾格whom，亦可省略） whose一般代替人，有时亦可代替物，是所有格，在定语从句作定语。例如：The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。 Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here? 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字，你知道吗？（关系代词whose指代先行词hotel，正式用法应该用of which。whose window=the window of which，意思是：the window of the hotel。） （二）关系代词which的用法 which代替物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如： I do not like stories which have unhappy endings. 我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说。（which可以换成that） Tom works for a factory which makes watches. 汤姆在一个制表厂工作。（which可以换成that） （三）关系代词that的用法 that既可指人又可指物，在当代英语中大多指物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如： Is she the girl that sells newspapers? 她是卖报纸的那个女孩吗？（that可以换成who） Where is the ice-cream that was in the fridge?
Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空 1．The trouble is that I can’t find my way. 2．We are discussing what we shall do to help the poor. 3．It depends on whether you can do the work well. 4．I wonder how you are getting on with your studies. 5．He got caught in the heavy traffic.That was why he was late. 6．Energy is what makes things work. 7．We didn’t set out; it was because we wanted to wait until our mother came back. 8．We consider it necessary that he should improve his pronunciation. Ⅱ.单项填空 1．—Can you join us in the party this evening? —Well, that depends on ________ I can finish my report before then. A．whether B．if C．that D．when 解析：选A。句意：“你今天晚上能参加我们的聚会吗？”“嗯，那得看到时候我的报 告能不能完成。”连词whether表示“是否”，引导宾语从句。if表示“是否”，不引导介词的宾语从句；that没有意义；when“当……时”。 2．I don’t think ________ possible ________ one can master a foreign language without much memory work. A．it; whether B．it; that C．which; whether D．this; that 解析：选B。it在句中作形式宾语；possible作宾补；真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句。 3．He said________he had eaten nothing for a long time and________he was very hungry. A．that; 不填B．不填；that C．不填；不填D．what; what 解析：选B。考查宾语从句中that的省略问题。said后接了两个that引导的宾语从句，其中第一个从句中的that可省略，后面的that不可省略。 4．The reason for his coming to China was ________ he wanted to study Chinese medicine. A．that B．what
【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 名词性从句——宾语从句与表语从句 二. 知识精讲 在复合句中起名词性作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，根据它在句中不同的语法功能，因此名词从句又分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 （一）宾语从句 1. 概念及引导词 在复合句中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的连接词有连接代词（who, whom, whose , what , which, whoever , whatever, whichever ）、连接副词(when , where , how, why )及从属连词(that , whether, if ). 例：John said （that）he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。 I am glad that you are satisfied with your job. 你对工作满意我感到很高兴。 She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高兴给他起什么名字就起什么名字。 That depends on where we shall go. 那取决于我们去哪儿。 2. 宾语从句的种类 常见的宾语从句有动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句三种。 （1）动词的宾语从句 They know that the habit may kill them.定语从句 他们知道这个习惯会害死他们。 They doubt whether or not Jack is a good student. 他们怀疑Jack是否是一个好学生。 They wanted to see which shops offered the best advice and service定语从句. 他们想了解哪家店提出的建议和提供的服务最好。 （2）介词的宾语从句 一般情况下介词后只能接wh- 类连接词引导的宾语从句，但but, except, besides等后可接that引导的宾语从句。 We are talking about what we’ll do next. 我们正在讨论下一步做什么。 I know nothing about him except that he lives here. 对于他，我只知道他住在这儿，其他一无所知。
初中英语专项训练宾语从句中考考点点击初中英语 宾语从句在初中英语语法中有着相当重要的地位，几乎每年的中考都有对宾语从句不同角度的考查。笔者认真研读了近年来有关宾语从句的中考题，发觉其考查的重点一样都集中在以下几个方面： 一、连接词 宾语从句的连接词分为三类： 1.引导陈述句用that〔在口语或非正式文体中常常省略〕。 2.引导一样疑咨询句用if或whether。 注意：以下几种情形通常使用whether： 〔1〕在具有选择意义又有or或or not时，专门是直截了当与or not连用时，往往用whether； 〔2〕在介词之后用whether； 〔3〕在不定式前用whether等。 3.引导专门疑咨询句，只需用原先的专门疑咨询词。 中考题例： We'd like to know ___________ or not.〔2004年山东潍坊〕 A.whether will the sports meeting come B.if will the sports meeting come C.whether the sports meeting will come D.if the sports meeting will come 答案与解析：答案为C项。题干中显现了or not，因此连接宾语从句的引导词要用whether，应选C项。 二、语序 在含宾语从句的复合句中，不管主句是陈述句依旧疑咨询句，从句一律是用〝连接词＋陈述句语序〞，其标点符号由主句来决定。
中考题例： - Excuse me，could you tell me ___________？ - Certainly.It's over there along the street on the left.〔2005年吉林〕 A.where the People's Park is B.where is the People's Park C.the People's Park is where D.the People's Park where is 答案与解析：答案为A项。宾语从句一律使用陈述句语序，应选A项。 三、时态 1.假如主句的谓语动词是一样现在时或一样今后时，宾语从句的时态可视情形使用任何一种相关的时态。 2.假如主句的谓语动词是过去时态，宾语从句必须使用过去相应的某一种时态。 3.假如宾语从句表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或适应性动作等，不管主句是用什么时态，从句时态适应上都用一样现在时。 4.情态动词could / would用于〝要求〞，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句时态不受主句的约束。 中考题例： Do you know ___________ this time yesterday？〔2005年黑龙江〕 A.what she is cooking B.what is she cooking C.what she was cooking D.what was she cooking 答案与解析：答案为C项。由时刻状语this time yesterday可知，宾语从句应用过去进行时态，应选C项。 四、否定转移 当宾语从句表示否定的意义时，假设主句主语为第一人称且谓语动词是think / believe / suppose / expect等时，应在主句上加以否定。 中考题例：
宾语从句和表语从句 一、宾语从句要点归纳 ★宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。 ★that在引导宾语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分，且通常可以省略。但如果含有两个或两个以上的并列宾语从句时，通常只有第一个从句的that可以省略，其余从句的that一般不能省略。如： My uncle said (that) he would come and that he would also bring his son. ★whether和if都意为“是否”，通常情况下，二者都可以引导宾语从句；但在介词之后或与or not连用时，只能用whether。注意：当whether与or not 不连在一起时，口语中可用if取代whether，当然也可以用whether。如： I don't know if / whether there will be trains any more. They are worrying about whether they can get there in time. I don't know whether or not I should take his advice. I'm not sure if / whether the train will arrive on time o r not. ★有时可用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句后置。如： We have made it clear that we will learn to deal with var ious difficult problems. ★在第一人称I / we与动词 think, expect, believe, guess, suppose等连用，后接宾语从句时，通常将从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词，形成否定前移。如： I don't suppose you're used to this diet. 二、表语从句要点归纳 ★表语从句一定要用陈述语序。 ★可接表语从句的词除系动词be外，还有 appear, become, look, remain, seem, sound等连系动词。如：
最新英语│中考英语宾语从句(有难度)经典 一、初中英语宾语从句 1．— Excuse me, could you tell me ? — Sorry, sir. I wasn't there at that time yesterday. A．how the accident happens B．how does the accident happen C．how the accident happened D．how did the accident happen 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——抱歉，打扰一下，你能告诉我事故是怎么发生的吗？——不好意思，先生。昨天这个时候我不在那里。 考查宾语从句。根据英语语法，宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，B、D选项可排除。根据答句的yesterday提示，事故发生在昨天，故宾语从句的谓语也应用过去式，即happened，故应选C。 2．—I'm going to give a talk on the Dragon Boat Festival to the exchange students. —Great! But don't forget to tell them __________. A．what should they eat at the festival B．what kind of race is often held C．why people enjoy the full moon D．how do people celebrate it 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：――我要给交换生们作一份有关端午节的报告。――好极了。但是不要忘了告诉他们：A.whatshouldtheyeatatthefestival.他们在节日里应该吃什么； B.whypeopleenjoythefullmoon为什么人们喜欢圆月； C.whatkindofraceisoftenheld经常举行的什么比赛； D.Howdopeoplecelebrateit人们怎样庆祝。宾语从句需要用陈述句语序，可以排除掉A、D,再根据常识可知龙舟节跟欣赏满月没有关系，排除掉C，所以正确答案选B。考点：考查宾语从句的用法 3．—What else did Tina ask you about the trip to Nanjing? —She asked me ______. A．who was the guide of the trip B．when they will visit the Presidential Palace
人教部编版初中英语最重要的3大从句考点总结 宾语从句 一、定义 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。 二、连接词 that: I think that you can pass the exam. Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means. “Wh”: I don’t know what the word means. I don’t know where he found the book. 只用whether的情况： 1. 与or not连用： I don’t know whether it’s raining or not. 2. 与动词不定式连用： He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation. 3. 连接词前有介词时： It depends on whether he is coming. 三、时态 1. 主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可) She wants to know what he has done for the exam. 2.主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。
1）She said that she was a student. 2）She said that she would fly to Japan in a week. 3）She said that she had finished her homework already. 3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时， 这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。 The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 定语从句 一、定义 在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。 二、先行词 先行词指人who /that 先行词指物which/ that 定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词（即先行词）后 三、关系代词 关系代词代替先行词在句子中担当成分，所以从句中不 可再出现其他代替先行词的代词 四、翻译方法“…. 的” Whom: 先行词指人，则代替先行词在定语从句中充当 宾语（包括介词的宾语）, 与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom 1. This is the teacher whom\who we like best.
沪江英语 > 初中英语/初中英语语法易错题 一、名词、冠词 1.-What can I do for you? -I'd like two _______. A. box of apple B. boxes of apples C. box of apples D. boxes of apple 2. Help yourself to _________. A. some chickens B. a chicken C. some chicken D. any chicken 3. ________ it is today! A. What fine weather B. What a fine weather C. How a fine weather D. How fine a weather 4. Which is the way to the __________? A. shoe factory B. shoes factory C. shoe's factory D. shoes' factory 5. This class ________ now. Miss Gao teaches them. A. are studying B. is studying C. be studying D. studying 6. We will have a _________ holiday after the exam. A. two month B. two-month C. two month's D. two-months 7.____ trees are cut down in the forests every year. A. Thousand B. Thousands C. Thousand of D. Thousands of 8. Our sports meeting will be held ________. A. on 24, Tuesday, April B. in April 24, Tuesday
宾语从句在中考中有三大考点：时态、语序和连接词。 在了解考点前，我们先要认识一下宾语从句。所谓宾语从句，就是句子的宾语部分不是一个简单的词，而是一个句子，比如：I know you're right. 这里的“you're right”做宾语，是句子，所以说它是一个宾语从句，句子的主干部分"I know"是主句。 考点一：时态 宾语从句时态考点归纳为三句话：主过，从过；主不过，从随意；从真理，一般现在永不变。 1.主过，从过：当主句是过去时的时候，从句要改为过去的对应时态，如：I know you're right.当主句变为过去时的时候，从句要把are改为were，即I knew you were right. 2.主不过，从随意：当主句不是过去时的时候，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态，不受限制。 3.从真理，一般现在永不变：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句是什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时，如：My mom told that Beijing is the capital of China. 考点二：语序 宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序，即：主语+谓语，例如：I don't know who he is. 这里的he is是主谓结构，而大部分考题中会给出干扰选项who is he. 考点三：连接词 1.宾语从句部分是陈述句的时候，用that引导，that大部分情况可以被省略，如：I know (that) he is a good student. 2.宾语从句部分是一般疑问句的时候，用if或whether引导，如：“我想知道他的答案是正确的么”，从句部分Is his answer right?这时用作宾语从句，需要先改为陈述句his answer is right,并在前边加上if或whether，即：I want to know if/whether his answer is right. 当然，if与whether在使用的时候略有不同，我们在另外的帖子中给大家再做区分。 3.宾语从句部分是特殊疑问句的时候，直接用特殊疑问词引导，但一定注意将特殊疑问句的“谓+主”还原成为“主+谓”，如：“我想知道我们几点走”，从句部分When will we go?这时用作宾语从句，首先改为陈述句语序when we will go，然后连接在主句后，即：I want to know when we will go.
【初中英语语法——三大从句之表语从句】 【表语从句】 表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。 表语从句只能置于主句之后，而主句的动词只能是联系动词。 名词性从句在be等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句，例如： T he problem is how we can get the things we need.问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。(how 在表语从句中充当方式状语)// The s cissors are not what I need. 这把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what 在表语从句中充当宾语)// What I told him was that I would find h im a good play. 我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。(what在主语从句中作直接宾语， that作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分，不能省略)// That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要对你讲的。(what在表语从句中充当直接宾语)// That is why she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考试不及格的原因。(why 在表语从句中充当原因状语) “That is why...”是常用句型，意为“这就是……的原因/因此……”，其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语，该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结，又如： That is why you se
e this old woman before you know, Jeanne. 珍妮，这就是现在这 个老太婆出现在你面前的原因。(前文提到Jeanne对老妇人显得苍老憔悴深感诧异，说话人对她讲述了其中的原因之后，用这一句来进行概括)。// That is why I came. 这就是我来的原因。 下面是两个与“That is why...”形式相似的结构，它们与“Tha t is why...”结构之间的关系要能够辨析清楚： (1)“That is why...”与“That is the reason why...”同义，只不过从语法结构上讲，“That is the reason why...”中why引 导的是—个定语从句，将其中的the reason去掉则与“That is why...”结构一样，例如： That is (the reason) why I cannot agree. 这就是我不能同意 的理由。 (2)“That is because...”句型中从属连词because引导的名词 性从句在此作表语，这也是个常用句型，意为“这就是为什么……/ 因为……”。“That is because...”与“That is why...”之间的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由，“That is why...” 则指由于各种原因所造成的后果，例如： He did not see the film last night. That is because he ha d to help his littl e sister with her homework.昨天晚上他没有
初中英语语法三大从句总结 在初中英语中，主要有三大从句，即宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句（包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。 宾语从句 一、定义:在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。 二、连接词 that: I think that you can pass the exam. Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means. “Wh”: I don’t know what the word means. I don’t know where he found the book. 只用whether的情况： 1. 与or not连用： I don’t know whether it’s raining or not. 2. 与动词不定式连用： He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation. 3. 连接词前有介词时： It depends on whether he is coming. 三、时态 1. 主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可) She wants to know what he has done for the exam. 2.主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。 1）She said that she was a student. 2）She said that she would fly to Japan in a week. 3）She said that she had finished her homework already. 3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 定语从句 一、定义:在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。 二、先行词 先行词指人who /that 先行词指物which/ that 定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词（即先行词）后
中考英语宾语从句三大考点 宾语从句是我们中学阶段必须掌握的三大从句之一，也是中考的必考知识点。宾语从句在中考中有 三大考点：时态、语序和连接词。 在了解考点前，我们先要认识一下宾语从句。所谓宾语从句，就是句子的宾语部分不是一个简单的词，而是一个句子，比如：I know you're right. 这里的“you're right”做宾语，是句子，所以说它是一个宾语从句，句子的主干部分"I know"是主句。 考点一：时态 宾语从句时态考点归纳为三句话：主过，从过；主不过，从随意；从真理，一般现在永不变。 1.主过，从过：当主句是过去时的时候，从句要改为过去的对应时态，如：I know you're right.当主句变为过去时的时候，从句要把are改为were，即I knew you were right. 2.主不过，从随意：当主句不是过去时的时候，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态，不受限制。 3.从真理，一般现在永不变：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句是什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时，如：My mom told that Beijing is the capital of China. 考点二：语序 宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序，即：主语+谓语，例如：I don't know who he is. 这里的he is是主谓结构，而大部分考题中会给出干扰选项who is he. 考点三：连接词 1.宾语从句部分是陈述句的时候，用that引导，that大部分情况可以被省略，如：I know (that) he is a good student. 2.宾语从句部分是一般疑问句的时候，用if或whether引导，如：“我想知道他的答案是正确的么”，从句部 分Is his answer right?这时用作宾语从句，需要先改为陈述句his answer is right,并在前边加上if或whether，即：I want to know if/whether his answer is right. If和whether的用法是有区别的，但当它们同时出现在选项 中的时候，我们要选whether。 3.宾语从句部分是特殊疑问句的时候，直接用特殊疑问词引导，但一定注意将特殊疑问句的“谓+主”还原成 为“主+谓”，如：“我想知道我们几点走”，从句部分When will we go?这时用作宾语从句，首先改为陈述句 语序when we will go，然后连接在主句后，即：I want to know when we will go. 如果我们把宾语从句的这三个考点掌握清楚的话，做关于这方面的问题就会迎刃而解了。
精品文档 初中英语语法——三大从句汇总 在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。以下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点 A、定语从句专项讲解与训练 一、定语从句概念 定语从句（attributive clause），顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。另外，定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。 定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词被称作先行词。请看示例： The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 先行词定语从句 在所有的从句中，算定语从句最难掌握，因为汉语里没有定语从句，汉语里只有定语，而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可
以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示： 先行词主格宾格所有格 人 who whom whose 物 which which whose of which 人、物 that that — （一）关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法 who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。例如： An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。 精品文档． 精品文档 I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school.我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。 whom代替人，是宾格，在定语从句作宾语，在非正式英语常可省略。例如：
宾语从句表语从句专项复习 一．单项选择 1. He asked ________ for the computer. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 2. “You’ve already got well, haven’t you?” she asked →She asked ________. A. I have already got wel l, hadn’t you B. whether I had already got well C. have I already got well D. had I already got well. 3 Could you tell me ___? A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing 4. “Please close the window,” he said to me. →He ______ me _____ the window. A. said to; to close B. told to; closing C. asked ; to close D. said to; please close 5. Call you tell me why _______ yesterday? A. you didn't come B. did you not come C. didn't you come D. you don't come 6. Jack isn't sure _______ students there are in his class. A. how many B. what C. which D. whether 7.children find ____interesting to play computer games. A. that B. which C. it D. he 8. He wanted to know how long _______ in hospital. A. she is staying B. she had stayed C. did she stay D. she stay 9. He said that light _______ much faster than sound. A. traveled B. will travel C. travels D. is traveling 10. He said that April _______ the _______ month of a year. A. is, third B. is, fourth C. was, fourth D. was, third 11. I don't think _______ I _______ out the problem. A. if, can work B. how, will work C. that, can work D. when, will work 12. We are sure _______ he _______ to speak English well. A. that, learned B. that, has learned C. if, learned D. if, has learned 13. -- I don't know if he _______ .-- He will come if it _______ . A. comes, won't rain B. will come, doesn't rain C. comes, doesn't D. will come, won't rain 14. That is __ ___ we were late last time. A. that B. when C. why D. what
宾语从句和表语从句详解 名词性从句指的是在整个句子中起名词作用的从句。这种从句可以做主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，所以这类从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。各种名词性从句的结构都是相同的，即由if，whether，that和各种疑问词充当连接词，后接陈述语序。 例如：What they are doing seems very important．（主语从句） 他们在做的事似乎很重要。 My hope is that he will be the best student in the class．（表语从句） 我的愿望是他能够成为班上最好的学生。 Nobody knows who he is．（宾语从句） 大家都不知道他是谁。 I don't like the idea that money is everything．（同位语从句） 我不喜欢金钱就是一切这一观点。 引导名词性从句的连接词中，除了that，if和whether之外其它的都作从句中的一个成分。 【宾语从句】 在句子中作动词或介词宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。引导宾语从句的词有连词that，whether，if；连接代词who，which，what以及其强调形式whoever，whichever，whatever；连接副词when，where，why，how等。 例如：Do you know where the Greens live? I have no interest in how rich he is． 宾语从句主要用于下面五种结构： 1．由that引导的宾语从句（that 引导宾语从句时，特别是在口语中可省略） The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets． that引导的宾语从句多用于say，think，insist，wish，hope，demand，imagine，wonder，know，suppose，see，believe，agree，admit，deny，expect，explain，order，command，feel，dream，suggest，hear，mean，notice，prefer，request，require，propose，declare，report等后。 当主句谓语动词是think，believe，suppose，expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。例如：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that．（＝I think it is not right for him …．） that不能省略的情况： （1）当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。如： He said （that）you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you． （2）当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。如： Just then I noticed，for the first time，that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap． （3）当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。如： I can’t tell him that his mother died． 2．由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句