优胜课件2

语音（二）——音节的划分 • 1.音节的划分 • 一般在单词的音标中，元音可以单独构成音节，然而辅音却不能单独构成音节，辅音只能与元音结合构成音节。 • 音节的划分规则：①一般有多少个元音就有多少个音节； • ②然而m，n，l三个音标可以与其紧跟其后的辅音构成一个一节 • 2.音节 • （1）单音节是由一个元音（或在加上前后辅音）构成.如：I[ai]我，my[mai]我的，Mike[maik]麦克 • （2）双音是由两个音节（或再加上前后的辅音）构成。如hour[?au?]小时，answer[?a:ns?]回答 • （3）多音节时由三个或三个以上的音节构成。如：exercise练习 • 响亮的发音叫“成节音”；在词尾非重读的情况下，与前面的辅音结合可构成音节。如listen听 • ﹙4﹚开音节:元音字母后面没有辅音字母时，为绝对开音节 ； • 元音字母＋辅音字母（r除外）＋默音e时，为相对开音节。如： • 绝对开音节：no不 相对开音节：note便条 • （5）闭音节：元音字母后面有辅音字母。如:not不,desk课桌，on在······上 • • 语音现象 一、连读连读是把第一个词尾的音和第二个词词首的音连起来读。 • 连读的条件：相邻的两词在意义上必须密切相关，同属一个意群。连读所构成的音节一般都不重读，只需顺其自然地一带而过，不可读得太重，也不可轻。(连读符号：~)第一种连读： “辅音+元音”型连读在同一个意群里，如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这就要将辅音与元音拼起来 • I’m~an~English boy. It~is~an~old book. • Let me have~a look~at~it. Put~it~on, please. • Ms Black worked in~an~office last~yesterday. • I called~you half~an~hour~ago. Not~at~all. • Please pick~it~up. • 第二种连读： 叠音连读两个相邻单词相邻的两个音标相同或相近，前者不发音。如：great teacher bad day with the what’s so 等。 • 第三种连读： 击穿连读两个单词相邻, 前面单词的尾音标为辅音音标，后面单词的第一个音标为字母h所发的/h/ 这个时候，前面的辅音击穿/h/和后面的元音形成连读。如with him，实际读音为 /`wiδim/ ；tell her 实际读音为 /`telЭ/ ， • 第四种连读： 有半元音/w/的连读。两个单词相邻，前面单词的最后一个音标以u结尾。而后面单词的头一个音标为元音音标，此时，这两个音之间会有半元音/w/的连读比如go+[ w] +on, how+[ w] +are, do+ [w]+ it等等。 “辅音+半元音”型连读英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音，如果前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以半元音，特别是/j/开头，此时也要连读。 • Thank~you. Nice to meet~you. • Did~you get there late~again? Could~you help me, please? • Would~you like~a cup~of tea？ • 第五种连读： 有半元音[j]的连读两个单词相邻，前一个单词的最后一个元音为i，而后面单词的头一个音为元音音标，此时这两个元音之间会有半元音[j]的连读。比如stay +[j] +up, the+[ j] +other, may+[j]+ I等等。 • 第六种连读： “r/re+元音”型连读如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这时的r或re不但要发/r/，而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。 • They’re my father~and mother. I looked for~it here~and there. • There~are some books on the desk. There~is a football under~it. • Here~is a letter for you. Here~are four~eggs. • Where~are your brother~and sister? But where~is my cup? • 但是，如果一个音节的前后都有字母r，即使后面的词以元音开头，也不能连读。 • The black clouds are coming nearer and nearer.（nearer与and不可连读） • 练习题：朗读下列短语，注意连读a block﹀of flats the corner﹀of street • a tin﹀of peas the top﹀of the mountain • a piece﹀of cake in﹀a foreign country • a glass﹀of water an﹀instant success • a cup﹀of tea such﹀a short time • nice clear﹀air send﹀it by mail • an﹀English girl wait﹀a moment • a nice﹀idea a lot﹀of noise • a visit to﹀India once﹀in a while • an﹀apology a waste﹀of time • make﹀up﹀of not﹀in the least • in﹀America War﹀and Peace • out﹀of date Out﹀of Africa • wait﹀and see Death﹀on the Nile • have﹀a rest Alice﹀in Wonderland • 语音现象 二、缩读在快速的语流节奏中，英语中有些词的连接会产生明显的缩读。比如going to缩读的形式为 gonna ，want to缩读的形式为，wanna ，got to缩读的形式为 gotta ，kind of 缩读的形式为 kinda 。 • 语调Rome Wasn't Built in a Day English is an international language. Therefore, it is necessary for us to learn it. It can be rewarding or just a waste of time. It's up to you. It depends on how you study it. Here are some tips about learning English. First, don't be afraid to make mistakes. You will learn from them. Second, you must not be shy. Be thick-skinned and speak up! Finally, you must be patient. Remember, "Rome wasn't built in a day." • • Edelweiss(雪绒花)歌词: Edelweiss, edelweiss Every morning you greet me Small and white Clean and bright You look happy to meet me Blossom of snow May you bloom and grow Bloom and grow forever Edelweiss, edelweiss Bless my homeland forever

Small and white Clean and bright You look happy to meet me Blossom of snow May you bloom and grow Bloom and grow forever Edelweiss, edelweiss Bless my homeland forever • 雪绒花，雪绒花 每天清晨欢迎我 小而白 纯又美 每天清晨欢迎我 雪色的花朵深情开放 愿永远鲜艳芬芳 雪绒花，雪绒花 愿你永远保佑我的祖国 小而白 纯又美 每天清晨欢迎我 雪色的花朵深情开放 愿永远鲜艳芬芳 雪绒花，雪绒花 愿你永远保佑我的祖国 • • • He Who Hesitates Is Lost Mike is in Vienna with his girlfriend Daisy. M: Are you having a good time, Daisy? D: Are kidding? I'm having the time of my life. I loved the concerts. M: Concert going is fantastic but what else can we do? D: Biking along the banks of the river Danube could be fun. M: It sounds like a great idea! D: Let's do it then. M: You're right. As they say, "He who hesitates is lost." Bungee Jumping Bungee jumping looks like fun. It makes me nervous just to watch someone do it. It certainly takes a lot of guts to jump one thousand feet above the water with only a rope tied to your legs. It scares me just to think about it. However, it is something I really want to do one day. Some people think I'm crazy. They say to jump is foolish enough, but to have to pay for it is madness. I don't agree. For me, to live a short and exciting life is far better than to live a long and boring one. What do you think? •