天津市津南区高考英语 短文语法填空和阅理选练(6)

天津高中语法练习题及讲解及答案### 天津高中语法练习题及讲解及答案#### 练习题1. 名词性从句：请将下列句子翻译成英文，并指出从句类型。

- 我怀疑他是否已经完成了作业。

- 他告诉我他正在学习英语。

2. 定语从句：用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空。

- The book _______ I bought yesterday is very interesting. - The man _______ is standing at the gate is my uncle.3. 状语从句：选择正确的连词填空。

- I will call you _______ I get home.- _______ it is raining, we will still go out.4. 虚拟语气：根据句子意思，判断下列句子是否正确使用虚拟语气，并给出正确形式。

- If I were you, I would go to the party.- He suggests that we should go to the beach.5. 时态与语态：请根据上下文判断下列句子的时态和语态是否正确，并给出正确形式。

- The teacher was saying that the students are studying hard.- By the time we arrived, the concert had already been started.6. 非谓语动词：用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。

- After _______ (finish) his homework, he went out to play. - _______ (see) the beautiful scenery, she couldn’t help_______ (cry).#### 讲解1. 名词性从句：名词性从句在句子中充当名词的角色，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

本资源的初衷,是希望通过网络分享,能够为广阔读者提供更好的效劳,为您水平的提高提供坚强的动力和保证 .内容由一线名师原创,立意新,图片精,是非常强的一手资料 .(新课标 )2021（高|考）英语短文语法填空和阅读一轮选练 (1 ) 语法填空 .阅读下面材料 ,在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 .【全国新课标卷题型】Visitors__1__Britain may find the best place to enjoy local culture is in a traditional pub. A team of researchers have revealed some of__2__unknown culture of British pubs -starting with the difficulty of getting a drink. This may sound inconvenient, but there is a__3__(hide) meaning.Pub culture is formed__4__(improve) sociability in a society that is known for its coldness. Standing at the bar for service allows you to chat__5__others who are waiting to be served. The bar counter is possibly the only place in Britain__6__a friendly talk with strangers__7__(consider) to be entirely proper and really quite normal behavior. However ,__8__you do not follow the local rules, the experience may fall flat. For example, if you are in a big group ,__9__is best for one or two people to go to buy the drinks. Nothing makes the regular customers and bar staff angry more than a group of strangers blocking all passages to the bar while__10__chat and hesitate about what to order.答案：1．to 来到英国的游客 ,使用介词to .2．the 特指英国的酒吧文化 ,使用the .3．hidden 过去分词做前置定语 .4．to improve 动词不定式做目的状语 .5．with with与前面的chat构成固定搭配 .6．where 引导了一个限制性定语从句 .7．is considered is considered to be被认为…… .8．if 这里表示条件 ,引导了一个条件状语从句 .9．it it做形式主语 .10．they 指前面的a ground of strangers .广东省语法填空阅读下面短文 ,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求 ,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空 .When I was a ten -year -old girl, I was once asked to deliver a speech titled "A Real Test in My Life〞 before the whole class! Just imagine how __1__(terrible) shy I was the moment I thought of that with so many eyes fixed upon me. I had no other __2__(choose), though. First I was to draft the speech and that was just a piece of cake for me, because I was a good writer - something to pride myself in. But the hard part __3__(lie) in my oral presentation; to read from __4__ paper was not allowed;I had to give the speech __5__ my memory and in front of such a big audience ! A real trial began when I stood on the platform with my legs __6__(tremble) and my mind blank. How much time had passed by, I didn ,t know. My listeners were still waiting, patiently and without any signs of rushing me. Gradually I found __7__ back ,giving out my speech with difficulty. Finally I finished. After __8__ seemed to be a hundred years, I found my audience applauding. I made it! From then on, my fear of talking before an audience disappeared. Actually with my confidence building __9__ , I now turn out to be a great speaker. Looking back, I know the greatest difficulty on our way to success is our fear; overcome it ,__10__ we will be able to achieve our goals.1．[解析] 考查词性转换 ,形容词转化为副词修饰形容词shy .[答案] terribly2．[解析] 考查词性转换 ,动词转化为名词 .我没有其他的 "选择〞 .[答案] choice3．[解析] 考查谓语动词的过去式 .lie in "存在于〞 ,此时lie的过去式为lay .[答案] lay4．[解析] 此处应用定冠词表特指 .拿着纸念是不允许的 .[答案] the5．[解析] 考查介词的用法 .[答案] from6．[解析] 考查非谓语动词 .在该with复合结构中 ,my legs和tremble间为逻辑上的主谓关系 ,应用动词的现在分词形式 .[答案] trembling7．[解析] 考查反身代词 .[答案] myself8．[解析] it/what seems/seemed to be是个常用句型 ,在此意为 "似乎过了100年〞 .[答案] it/what9．[解析] 考查短语搭配 ,build up表示 "增强〞 .[答案] up10．[解析] 此处考查的是 "祈使句＋and〞的结构 ,前后为顺承关系 .[答案] and阅读理解 .阅读以下短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最|正确选项 . (2021·威海（高|考）模拟)A dentist ,s office may not be everyone ,s idea of a perfect holiday destination.But a growing number of Europeans are travelling abroad for medical treatment to save money ,or maybe to combine a visit to the doctor with some sightseeing ,creating a potential but fast­growing market for traditional tour operators."It was simply cheaper for me to go to a dentist in Hungary ,〞said a 42­year­old physical therapist from Berlin.He chose the clinic near Budapest from an Internet advertisement ,attracted by hundreds of euros in savings compared with the same treatment in Germany.He was happy to find when he got there that the clinic was clean ,the staff qualified and the work thorough.People travel abroad for medical treatment for various reasons：it ,s cheaper ,they face a long wait at home ,or the treatment they want is not available in their own country.The British­based Medical Tourist Company refers about 100 patients a year to hospitals in India for treatments.And Chief Executive Premhar Shah reports rapidgrowth in demand from customers in Africa ,where it can be harder to find well­equipped medical facilities for complex surgeries.Some patients who have immigrated may prefer to return to be close to their families when they undergo surgery. "People will want to take the opportunity to seek treatment in places where they have relatives who might be able to look after them.I ,m seeing that especially with younger people from eastern Europe ,〞 said a professor at the University of Oxford.For some ,the re is the attraction of free treatment abroad.British law­makers have called for tighter checks on patients arriving for treatment ,out of concerns that foreign citizens are travelling to Britain to take advantage of the free service.The global medical tourism market is believed to be worth $40 billion to $60 billion and growing at about 20 percent per year.1．The 42­year­old physical therapist was satisfied with________in Hungary.A．the price instead of the serviceB．the service instead of the priceC．both the price and the serviceD．neither the price nor the service2．How many reasons are mentioned to explain why people go abroad for medical treatment?A．Four. B．Five.C．Six. D．Seven.3．According to the article ,________for medical treatment.A．more Africans want to travel abroadB．more Europeans want to travel to AfricaC．more Britons want to travel to IndiaD．no one would come to Great Britain4．Young people from eastern Europe return to their mother countries for surgery in order to________.A．get cheaper medical serviceB．be looked after by relativesC．have better medical treatmentD．enjoy free medical treatment5．What does the article mainly talk about?A．Overseas sightseeing. B．Hospital treatment.C．Medical tourism. D．Travelers , health problems.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文 .文章对开展潜力巨大的 "医疗旅游业(medical tourism)〞进行了简要介绍 .1．解析：细节理解题 .根据第二段内容特别是第二段第|一句 "It was simply cheaper for me...in Hungary〞和最|后一句 "He was happy...the clinic was clean ,the staff qualified and the work through.〞可知 ,他对匈牙利医院的收费和效劳都相当满意 .答案： C2．解析：细节理解题 .根据第二至|五段内容可知 ,吸引人们去国外就医涉及以下五方面的原因：收费低 ,甚至|免费、医疗设施健全、医生资质高、等候时间短、环境干净 .答案： B3．解析：推理判断题 .根据第三段最|后一句 "...in Africa ,where it can be harder to find well­equipped medical facilities for complex surgeries.〞可知 ,在非洲很难找到做复杂手术的精良设备 .因此推知 ,将会有更多的人去国外就医 .答案： A4．解析：细节理解题 .根据第四段第|一、二句 "Some patients...prefer to return to be close to their families...be able to look after them.〞可知 ,答案选B .答案： B5．解析：主旨大意题 .通读全文可知 ,本文就 "医疗旅游〞进行了介绍说明 .答案： C请认真阅读以下短文 ,从短文后各题所给的A, B, C, D四个选项中 ,选出最|正确选项 .【江苏省苏锡常镇四市2021模拟调研】 AMany of you should not own dogs. It ,s that simple. The reason is that, if you own a dog,you must train a dog, and many dog owners out there, it is safe to say, have little or no controlover their dogs, because they do not train them.Strong words? Maybe．But they are simple, honest words, as untrained dogs living inresidential neighborhoods bark at will, run loose, and visit and damage neighboringpropertieswith their owners ,blessings as they deliberately let them run.Take note of the fact that you, the dog owner, cannot control your dog causing a continual nuisance (麻烦事 )that damages the quality of life in your neighborhood. There ,s nothing more annoying to most people than a dog that barks and nothing more confusing than trying to understand the deficient (有缺陷的 )mentality of the dog owner who allows his dog to do so.After all, the irresponsible dog owner hears the barking too, and so those who must put up with it are continually left wondering -what are they thinking, are they deaf? Many dog owners believe it is not possible for their dog to be trained, an indication that the owners themselves lack self discipline, and most likely have never really tried to apply discipline to other issues in their lives, not with consistency, or that they are simply lazy and inattentive to their own adult responsibilities at the expense of others.Irresponsible dog owners, though, do train their dogs. A dog is a reflection of its owner.Whatever a dog does (run loose, bark at will, jump on guests entering the front door, soilneighboring lawns) is a result of the decisions of the owner. The choice not to do something isindeed a choice.The good news is that with mere consistency, a dog can be trained rather quickly, in acouple of weeks if the owner takes his responsibility seriously. Again, that process will be areflection of the owner's behavior, and the primary ingredient (要素 )in that behavior is notallowing the dog, not even once, to repeat the bad behavior without consequences when told and directed not to. You can stop your dog from barking with simple firm voice commands, direct eye contact, and force of will in a relatively short time, providedyou are consistent and a reasonably mature person.Dogs, what ,s more, love this training because pleasing you, their owner, is what they arc all about. The upshot (结果 ,要点 )will be that you have a more connected relationship with your dog, a better dog that is suited to its environment.56. Which is NOT the reason for dog owners to have little or no control over their dogs?A. They are lazy and unwilling to train their dogs.B. They think their dogs can act well without training.C ,They lack self -control over many issues in daily life.D. They don't give enough attention to their responsibilities.57. What's the author's attitude towards owners of untrained dogs?A. Prejudiced.B. Unclear.C. Disapproving.D. Curious.58. This article is mainly written to＿．A. instruct dog owners how to train dogsB ．call on dog owners to train their dogsC. sing high praise for responsible dog ownersD. analyze the relationship between dog owners and their dogs59. It can be concluded from the passage that＿．A. responsible dog owners can put up with dogs ,barkingB ．irresponsible dog owners deliberately train their dogs to do something wrongC. we should not own dogs because they can damage the quality of our daily lifeD ．whether a dog can be trained properly may depend on the dog owner's behavior 【参考答案】56 - -59 BCBD【江苏省苏锡常镇四市2021模拟调研】Taking place every spring in the world's leading publishing and cultural capital, it's aunique opportunity to explore and understand the innovations shaping the publishing world ofthe future.When：08 -10 April 2021Where: Earls Court Exhibition Centre, Warwick Road, London, SW5 9TAWho Attends?The London Book Fair attracts a global audience of visitors and exhibitors from all areas of the publishing community.25,000 Attendees (出席者 ) ,113 countriesKey visitor audiences include:Literary Agents/ScoutsPublishersBooksellersLibrary and Information ProfessionalsProduction, Distribution, Technical and Creative Professionals1,500 Exhibiting CompaniesThe LBF floorplan allows exhibitors to showcase their products and titles by sector:Academic｝Art, Architecture＆Design !Children ,s＆Young Adult｝Digital＆Mobile｝General Publishing｝Publishing Solutions】STM＆ELTEarls Court InformationThe Earls Court Business Centre offers a comprehensive range of business services, including:Incoming and outgoing fax and telephone callsPhotocopying and printingInternet accessTelephone points for laptopsPC workstations with standard office softwareCourier serviceVisa InformationIf you are not a British citizen or a citizen of one of the European Economic Area (EEA)countries, you may need to acquire a visa -entry clearance certificate -before you travel toBritain.Visitors can access the visa letter service only once they have registered for theLondon Book Fair online. On completion of your registration you will receive a confirmationemail which includes your badge number and a link to the visa letter service completion page.Here you need to complete all your contact and company details, your badge number, yourpassport number and your date of birth. Once you have successfully submitted this information,it will produce,a printable letter that you can take to your nearest British consular. Exhibitors can access the visa letter service via the Exhibitor Portal online. Join us in April 2021 at Earls Court, London, registering as a visitor allows you access toexhibitors, show features and over 250 Love Learning seminars and events.The London Book Fair team is on hand to help you with any questions you may haveabout visiting or exhibiting at the show.60. According to the passage, we can learn that the London Book Fair＿．A. is held in different cities in the UK every yearB ．requires visitors from EEA countries to get a visaC. attracts a global audience with no limit to exhibitorsD. gives attendees three -day access to seminars and events61．The Earls Court Business CentreA. allows companies to exhibit their art productsB ．enables customers to work on the InternetC. informs people of the key visitor audiencesD. offers readers the service of visa application62. Which of the following statements about the visa letter service is true?A. You ,11 get the visa if you complete the confirmation email.B ．You can receive the confirmation email without registering online.C. The London Book Fair offers this service to registered exhibitors and visitors online.D. The visa letter service completion page saves you the trouble of going to the British consular.【参考答案】60、D 61 -62、BC。

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)英语笔试(第二次)本试卷分为第I 卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。

第I 卷(本卷共55小题，共95分)第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A 、B 、C 、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1.---Is Mr.Pearl available,please?.I'll just see if he is in the office.---A.After youB.Hang onC.With pleasureD.Go ahead2.We bother with details,for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us.A.mustn'tB.daren'tC.needn'tD.can't3.According to Professor Johnson,we don't have to read the book if we don't want to,as it isA.worthwhileB.necessaryC.optionalD.serious4.The bottle is quite difficult to open;the is to pour hot water on it first.A.focusB.targetC.functionD.trick5.---Is it all right if I leave a bit earlier?--- .I can finish the report on my own.A.Sure thingB.Help yourselfC.Forget itD.That depends6.Athletes should make preparation,both physical and psychological,before entering a big race.A.adequateB.slightC.identicalD.rough7.I really want to go to a place for the summer vacation,especially with beautiful scenery and unique culture.A.itB.thatC.ThisD.one8.The wooden tower that will be open to tourists soon,and the work is almost finished.A.is being restoredB.is restoredC.is restoringD.restores9. you are old enough to make your own judgement,you should start to pursue your career.A.Even ifB.As thoughC.Ever sinceD.Now that10. several adjustments to the design for two months,the engineer eventually succeeded in building a high efficient systemA.TryingB.TriedC.Having triedD.Having been tried11.On April 22 every year,people around the world mark Earth Day by _the environment.A.adapting toB.benefiting fromC.caring forD.relying on12.People who value their privacy are concerned about Google might do with the information it is gathering.A.thatB.WhatC.whyD.how13.China is a shining example for the global community to follow developing green industry to fight climate change.A.in addition toB.in return forC.in terms ofD.in agreement with14. There are some health problems that,when in time,can become bigger ones later on.A.not treatedB.not being treatedC.not to be treatedD.not having been treated15.The Palace Museum has the most remarkable collection of fine clocks in the world,mainly from Europe and China.A.originatingB.originatedC.being originatedD.having originated第二节：完形填空(共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分)There are moments when strangers'lives collide(碰)by accident,and even though they may never see each other again,they're changed forever.These can be moments when true character is 6 .often through acts of kindness and generosity of unlikely heroes.Not long ago,I was a(n) 7 to that kind of moment.On a summer midnight,my parents and I had just_ 18a long flight and started to walk through the empty airport when I saw a passenger suddenly fall to the ground. We19 an toward him.My parents,who are doctors,dropped everything and began trying to 20 what had happened.As they asked him questions and searched for a(n) 21 information card,other passengers from the flight joined us.My parents 22 that the man was hypoglycaemic(低血糖的)and in major need of sugar. 23 the only thing we could find was a protein bar.We were 24 it would not be enough to save him.Just then,a young boy,Mecca,arrived at the 25 with the flight attendants(空乘人员).He quietly announced,“I have a Snickers(士力架巧克力)!"Nobody responded to him as they were in th e 26 of trying to save a stranger's life. Mecca dug deep into his backpack,and 27__a Snickers.He then handed it to my father,who was trying to manage with the protein bar.Within seconds of the Snickers replacing the protein bar,the man regained 28 Mecca,a fourth grader, 29 this stranger's life!No one could have guessed that earlier that night,Mecca had just been through a 30 time.His father's flight was unexpectedly canceled, 31 him to fly alone.He had never flown by himself before and was very nervous.His grandmother filled his backpack with candy to make him a little less 32When we told Mecca's parents of his 33 actions,they smiled from ear to ear.They were surprised that he had saved some candy and was able to think about the candy during the__34As time goes on,I remain 35 by the experience of witnessing a nine-year-old save a stranger's life.Even today,Mecca's kindness continues to make me smile.16.A.created B.revealed C.introduced D.preserved17.A.witness B.visitor C.match D.exception18.A.caught B.confirmed C.gotten off D.put off19.A.safely B.accidentally C.casually D.immediately20.A.get across B.figure out C.take down D.bring up21.A.medical B.financial cational itary22.A.recalled B.determined C.admitted D.guaranteed23.A.Instead B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However24.A.worried B.confused C.embarrassed D.annoyed25.A.station B.destination C.scene D.department26.A.chaos B.possession C.habit D.direction27.A.gave away B.set aside C.pulled out D.kept off28.A.memory B.appetite C.independence D.consciousness29.A.risked B.saved C.sacrificed D.respected30.A.proper B.tough C.enjoyable D.mysterious31.A.forcing B.urging C.reminding D.permitting32.A.guilty B.anxious C.sensitive D.doubtful33.A.modest B.ambitious C.heroic D.confident34.A.Flight B.operation C.performance D.emergency35.A.relieved B.puzzled C.frustrated D.inspired第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题：每少题2.5分，满分50分)AWelcome to UCLA Exchange Program!Let's get started by checking out Student Guide for your academic journey!Signing up for ESL(English as a Second Language)ESL courses are designed to help international students improve academic English language skills.Enrollment(课程注册)priority is given to degree students.If space is available,you may enroll.You will then be asked to take an ESL Placement Test.The test results will help you choose the class that is appropriate for you.Changing Your Course Enrollment ListYou may change your class schedule during the first two weeks of the term by adding or dropping courses from your enrollment list.After the second week of classes.there will be a charge for each schedule change.Stu-dents often attend classes in which they are not enrolled on the first day of instruction to try adding this new course to the list,as other students may have dropped it.Withdrawing from CoursesIf you choose to drop a course,you must follow the UCLA procedures for removing it from your schedule.If you forget to officially drop that cours e,a“p”(Fail)grade will be registered on your record at the end of the term.If,at a later date,you wish to apply for a job or graduate school where an official copy of your UCLA record is required,it will be to your advantage to provide an impressive academic record.Taking ExamsSome instructors choose to put previous test papers on library reserve,making them available to all students.These exams,which students commonly use for practice,can give you an idea of how instructors ask questions and what they regard as relevant material.You can also access the exams online.36.Exchange students can enroll in the ESL course if theyA.have done well in the placement testB.are asked to improve their English skillsC.find a vacancy after degree students'enrollmentD.have completed UCLA's registration procedures37.An ESL Placement Test is aimed toA.improve the students'language skillsB.encourage the students to answer questionsC.put the students in a class that fits themD.help the students apply for a degree38.What is the deadline for a free enrollment list change?A.The day when the class is full.B.The first day of instructionC.The first week of the class.D.The end of the second week39.What should exchange students do if they choose to stop taking a course?A.Seek assistance from UCLA officialsB.Go through the procedures to drop itC.Present past academic records to UCLA.D.Make a request to the Registration Office40.Working on previous tests helps students .A.imitate the way that their instructors write test questionsB.learn how questions are asked and what they are based one up with new ideas about how testing relates to teachingD.narrow down to what has not yet been covered in online testsBI looked through the window of the charming little violin shop,and my heart began to race.I'd been out to dinner that evening.Since it wasn't dark yet after the meal,I decided to walk home from the restaurant.I had traveled that way before,yet I had never noticed that old little shop.But that night I felt drawn to theviolin shop the moment I came across it.I wiped the dirt from the window to get a better look inside.Several violins hung from the dark walls,quietly waiting to be chosen.As my eyes rested on them,I felt as though I were looking through a window into my own past.My childhood was all about the pursuits I had attempted,most of which had been chosen by Mom.She was like,"Join the swim team,Tara.Your sister is a good swimmer;surely you will be,too."What she refused to acknowledge, however,was that I was visibly afraid of waterEvery Saturday I begged Mom not to make me go to the swim meet,but had little chance of success.That said,with a bang of the starting gun,I would dive into the cold water with all my strength and swim to the other side of the pool as fast as I could,only to find that the other swimmers slid past me.I would have given it up if I had not heard my father's encouraging shouts to cheer me on.When at last my hand would grab the edge of the pool,he would always be there with a warm,dry towel,telling me how proud he was of my desperate efforts.Then came a turning point in my life the day our school orchestra(警弦乐队)visited my class,and gave a demonstration.The drums annoyed me.The flutes(笛子)bored me.But the violin…ah,the violin.It made the swe etest sound Id ever heard!My heart was dancing along with its flowing tune.For the first time in my life,I went so wild with joy.Tightly holding the permission slip from the orchestra director.I ran all the way home after school,and shakily handed it to my parents with a fear that they might dismiss my desire.They didn't.Mom was thrilled to see me finally excited about something,and Dad winked(眨眼示意)at me while eagerly signing the slip.I began practicing the violin with great passion,and rose quickly inability.Before long I had won the first seat in the community orchestra …41.What did the sight of the violins in that little shop bring to Tara's mind?A.Her miserable past.B.An unforgettable sport event.C.The stories behind the violinsD.Her childhood memory.42.What Dad did for Tara during the swimming competition implies that he isA.mindless and bad-temperedB.caring and supportiveC.strict and demandingD.tolerant and sympathetic43.What fascinated Tara during her school orchestra's demonstration?A.The tune of the flutes.B.The beat of the drums.C.The sound of the violin.D.The manner of the musicians.44.What enabled Tara to win the first seat in the community orchestra?A.The steady improvement in her taste.B.Her strong desire for success.C.Her natural gift for music.D.The rapid progress in her ability.45.What message does Tara's story convey?A.It's never too young to learn.B.A passionate interest works wonders.C.Hard work will pay off in the long run.D.Like mother,like daughter.CGetting the"side-eye"look from your dog can make it seem like they are making a judgement about you,and some new studies suggest they really could beThe ability to judge others'intentions is an indicator of possessing"theory of mind"which was once thought to be unique to humans.However,new studies have shown that dogs can read human behaviour and have a preference to people who are more friendly or generous with food.One such study published in 2023 aimed to see if dogs can tell the difference between humans who are“unwilling"or“unable”to give them a treat.96 dogs were involved in both“unwilling"and"unable”scenarios(情境)designed for the study.Both scenarios involved a dog being placed on one side of a glass screen with small holes in it at nose-height,and an experimenter standing on the other.In the"unwilling'scenario,the experimenter would hang a piece of sausage in front of the screen in a"teasing(戏耍的)manner,and approach one of the holes.But instead of passing it through the hole to the dog,they would then pull it out of its reach.For the unable"scenario,the experimenter would again move the treat towards the hole while the dog watched,but "accidentally"drop it before they could pass it through.The researchers observed that the dogs were much more patient,making more eye contact and staying closer to the screen after the“unable"scenario played out.In the“unwilling”scenario,however,the dogs looked at the experimenter less often,sat,lay down and wandered around more frequently.Another study from 2021 tested for “theory of mind”in dogs in a similar way,but the dogs were able to walk round the screen to obtain the treat after witnessing the experimenter's “unwilling"or“unable”behaviour.The main finding was that the dogs approached the experimenter significantly sooner in the unable scenario than in the unwilling scenario.However,the researchers of the 2023 study challenged that the food dropped on the floor in the clumsy(笨拙的)manner might have motivated the dogs to approach the experimenter considering that they probably often obtain food dropped on the floor in their daily lives.Now,more evidence has been provided that dogs distinguish between similar actions associated with different intentions.But how exactly they acquire such intention-reading abilities will be an exciting topic for future research.46.What is one of the new research findings according to Paragraph 2?A.Dogs also have “theory of mi nd”B.Dogs prefer food from generous people.C.Human behaviours are mostly intentionalD.Friendly animals can get food more easily47.What did the experimenter do in the"unwilling"scenario in the2023 study?A.They acted awkwardly while feeding the dog.B.They pretended to walk slowly away from the dog.C.They teased the dog by fixing the treat to the screen.D.They pulled the sausage beyond the dog's reach.48.How did the dogs of the 2023 study respond to the"unable"behaviour?A.By moving closer to the experimenter.B.By keeping wandering around.C.By ignoring the experimenterD.By lying still on the floor.49.How does the experiment design of the 2021 study differ from that of 2023?A.The dogs can watch the experimenter.B.The dogs can go to the other side of the screen.C.The dogs'responses are under close observationD.The dogs'habitual behaviours are under analysis.50.What do the dogs'different responses in"unwilling"and"unable scenarios"suggest?A.Dogs can tell“being friendly"from“being mean”B.Dogs'i ntelligence is gradually evolving.C.Dogs'intentions can be easily identifiedD.Dogs are a lot more emotional than other animalsDStorytelling is an ancient art form that has been used to hand down legends,tales and factual stories.Perhaps the first thing that springs to mind when you think of storytelling is the fantasy land that took shape in your mind while Mom or Dad told you stories about princes castles and monsters,with a unique voice for each character.Storytelling does not just take place at bedtime or round a campfire,however.It can take some other forms,either via the books we read or the films we watch.But they usually have some elements in common:rather than a list of dry facts,stories have plots and they introduce characters.We respond to stories,particularly when there is emotional detail.And unlike what we suppose,storytelling is not just a form of entertainment,but a form of learning as well.Longbefore reading and writing be-came widely spread and available,oral storytelling had already been a form that the wisdom and knowledge of the people were passed down from elders to children.A good story engages our curiosity, emotions and imagination.Storytelling helps with learning also because stories are easy to remember.Research has found that learning obtained from a well-told story is remembered more accurately,and for far longer,than from facts and figures.And above all,stories have a transformative power to allow us to see the world in a different way than we do if we just encounter it on our own.Stories are an entry point to understanding a different experience of the world.This aspect of storytelling presenting a different perspective of the world is important when it comes to connecting with each other.It gives us an opportunity to learn from another person's experience and it can shape,strengthen or challenge our opinions and values.So,when someone tells us their own personal story,we catch a glimpse(警见)of a view of the world that may be slightly or significantly different from our own.When we see the world as they see it,or walk in their shoes,the experience can in-spire empathy(共情；同理心)with them.51.What occurs to us the moment we think of“storytelling?A.A child's imaginary worldB.Voices of Mom or Dad.C.An ancient art form.D.Factual stories.52.What are the common elements in all forms of storytelling according to the author?A.Form and style.B.Facts and figures.C.Emotional and physical detailsD.A series of events and characters53.Why does storytelling work better than mere statement of facts in promoting learning?A.It carries more wisdom and knowledge.B.It is more widely available to young learners.C.It satisfies our imagination and releases our emotions.D.It makes what is learned more precise and longer lasting54.How can other people's personal stories probably benefit us?A.By offering us more opportunities to know people.B.By helping us stay connected with the contemporary world.C.By allowing us to understand the world the way they see it.D.By enabling us to tell reality from imagination.55.What makes the best title for the passage?A.The History of StorytellingB.The Power of StorytellingC.The Forms of StorytellingD.The Art of Storytelling2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)英语笔试(第二次)第Ⅱ卷注意事项：1.用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。

6.2语法填空说明文-2020年高考英语专题训练系列(一)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Friendship is indispensable (不可缺少的) to people’s life. A man without friends is like an angel without wings, 1 life will suffer in the long tolerance of 2 (lonely) and depression. Friendship is the mother of our soul, who will warm her kid if hurt 3 (occur). We have many things such as happiness, 4 (excite) and bitterness, to share with our friends in life, etc. Thus, it is important 5 (maintain) a true friendship.It takes many special qualities to make a friend. Understanding should come first. Only when we get a better understanding of each other can we gain 6 authentic and meaningful friendship.It also takes a special kind of love that seems to have no end. Never hesitate to show your kindness to your friend when he/she is 7 trouble. Love is not selfish. Love is such a valuable quality 8 (give) by God that we should treasure all our life.Tolerance is the 9 (three) essential part in friendship. We are 10 (absolute) different persons. This individual distinction may cause conflict. But just try to tolerate others so that you can maintain your friendship.助读词汇depression n. 沮丧；压抑tolerance n. 宽容；忍耐力hesitate v.犹豫authentic adj.真正的individual adj.个体的；个人的distinction n.差别；差异bitterness n. 痛苦maintain vt. 维持(二)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。