学术综合英语_罗立胜 U

培养大学生英语综合运用能力的对策王春(河南科技大学国际教育学院，河南洛阳471003)摘要：新时期大学英语的教学目标是培养学生的英语综合应用能力。

加强课程设置以及教学模式的改革，并根据学校的实际情况开展多元化教学，是培养大学生英语综合应用能力的有效途径。

关键词：英语综合应用能力；课程设置；教学模式；多元化教学为全面实施大学英语教学改革，结合大学英语教学改革实践，教育部2007年9月发布了《大学英语课程教学要求》(以下简称《课程要求》)。

《课程要求》明确规定：“大学英语的教学目标是培养学生的英语综合应用能力．特别是听说能力．使他们在今后学习、工作和社会交往中能用英语有效地进行交际，同时增强其自主学习能力．提高综合文化素养，以适应我国社会发展和国际交流的需要。

”培养大学生的英语综合运用能力是大学英语教学的目标之一。

目前。

我国的大学英语教学整体上还未能令各方满意．大学毕业生的英语实际应用能力还很难满足工作和生活需要。

一方面．我们一直在为我国学生的托福考试通过率排名亚洲第四而感到自豪；另一方面．大学英语教学改革已经实施了几年。

但我国学生的英语实际能力不容乐观，中国考生在雅思考试中．121语和写作成绩几乎是名列全球倒数第一。

如何学和教语言．尤其是如何提高学生的隐性语言能力是大学英语教学所面临的最紧要的研究课题。

为了切实提高大学生的英语综合应用能力，大学英语教学需要做好以下三个方面的丁作。

一、完善课程设置，构建完整的课程体系大学英语教学首先要为培养学生的英语综合应用能力构建完榷的课程体系。

张文霞、罗立胜(2004)指出，英语综合实用能力应该包括以下四个方面：一是比较好的英语语言知识，包括语音知识、构词知识和语法知识；二是比较全面的语言使用技能．如听、说、读、写、译：三是相关的文化知识．包括本族语以及目的语的文化、历史和社会背景；四是相关策略．包括学习策略、交际策略等。

因此，《课程要求》提出“大学英语是以英语语言知识与应用技能、跨文化交际和学习策略为主要内容”．以确保不同层次的学生在英语应用能力方面得到充分的训练和提高。

Presenting a speech（做演讲）Of all human creations, language may be the most remarkable. Through在人类所有的创造中，语言也许是影响最为深远的。

我们用语言language we share experience, formulate values, exchange ideas, transmit来分享经验，表达(传递？)价值观，交换想法，传播知识，knowledge, and sustain culture. Indeed, language is vital to think itself.传承文化。

事实上，对语言本身的思考也是至关重要的。

[Contrary to popular belief], language | does not simply mirror reality butalso helps to create our sense of reality [by giving meaning to events].和通常所认为的不同的是，语言并不只是简单地反映现实，语言在具体描述事件的时候也在帮助我们建立对现实的感知。

——语序的调整。

Good speakers have respect for language and know how it works. Words are the tools of a speaker’s craft. They have special uses, just like the tools of any other profession. As a speaker, you should be aware of the meaning of words and know how to use language accurately, clearly,vividly,and appropriately.好的演讲者对语言很重视，也知道如何让它发挥更好的效果。

学术综合英语unit2学术综合英语Unit 2是关于学术写作的单元。

学术写作是一种特殊的写作风格，用于表达学术观点、研究结果和学术论证。

在这个单元中，我们将学习如何撰写学术论文、报告和研究文章。

首先，学术写作的目的是传达清晰、准确和可靠的信息。

在写作过程中，我们需要注意语言的准确性和逻辑性，避免使用模糊或不确定的词语。

我们应该使用学术术语和专业词汇来确保文章的专业性和可读性。

其次，学术写作需要遵循一定的结构和组织。

一篇学术论文通常包括引言、方法、结果和讨论等部分。

在引言中，我们介绍研究背景和目的；在方法部分，我们描述研究设计和数据收集方法；在结果部分，我们呈现实验结果和数据分析；在讨论部分，我们对结果进行解释和讨论。

这种结构有助于读者理解和跟随我们的论证过程。

此外，学术写作还需要引用和参考文献。

在学术界，我们需要引用其他学者的观点和研究成果来支持我们自己的论点。

引用的目的是展示我们对相关文献的了解，并避免抄袭。

我们应该正确地引用文献，并在文章末尾列出参考文献列表，以便读者查阅。

在学术写作中，我们还需要注意语法和标点符号的正确使用。

语法错误和标点符号的错误可能会导致句子不清晰或含义模糊。

因此，我们应该仔细检查文章中的语法和标点符号，并确保它们符合英语写作的规范。

最后，学术写作需要经过反复修改和润色。

写作是一个逐步改进的过程，我们应该不断修改和完善我们的文章。

我们可以请同行或老师进行审阅，并根据他们的反馈意见进行修改。

通过反复修改，我们可以提高文章的质量和可读性。

总之，学术综合英语Unit 2介绍了学术写作的基本原则和技巧。

学术写作需要准确、清晰和有条理，遵循特定的结构和组织，正确使用引用和参考文献，并经过反复修改和润色。

通过学习和实践，我们可以提高自己的学术写作能力。

Unit 1Reading 2 Indigenous Knowledge3. 1) r. override 2) j. expertise 3) d. intimate 4) a. unanimous 5) g. intrusion6) u. dissemination 7) c. insights 8) l. susceptible 9) n. incorporating 10) f. vanish11) m. interaction 12) s. scenario 13) i. detrimental 14) p. implement 15) k. alleviation16) b. encompass 17) o. validate 18) h. impending 19) e. interweave 20) t. rational4. For reference:The two articles both employ definitions for the introduction of the terms and examples to validate each facet. Both use classifications, descriptions, comparison and contrast for further analysis. One big difference lies in the perspective to view the title, with the first a rather holistic discussion ranging from the status quo to the settlement of the existing problems and the second a partial focus on chiefly its applications.Reading 3 Ultrasonics5. 1) component 2) accumulate 3) spherical 4) navigate 5) fatigue6) harness 7) version 8) synonymous 9) inhibit 10) integrity11) uniform 12) detect 13) incidence 14) monitor 15) probe16) intensity 17) convert 18) proceed 19) visualize 20) inspect6. Attention: there is a mistake here, the first should be Para. KPara. K—e Para. B—a Para. C—c Para. D—f Para. E—hPara. F—d Para. G—j Para. H—i Para. I—b Para. J—g7. 1) E 2) F 3) Para. E 4) E 5) F 6) Para. H 7) Para. H 8) E8. For open discussionTask 4 Writing an Essay of DefinitionReading 4 Disruptive Technologies5. For reference only1) Natural breathing will be provided by the robot for the patient during surgery.2) The pressure will have to be reduced by us.3) All instruments need to be sterilized.4) For us, some physical and technical factors may be considered/ taken into consideration.5) If we make sustained efforts, there is a chance that the environment will be improved.6) Some specific demands of the scientific establishment have to be made.7) The presence of the country has been felt more than ever by the whole world.8) It seems that other explanations are hard to be found.9) The interaction between organism and environment is being perceived.10) The tests work most effectively if what will be measured can be most precisely defined.Integrated Exercises2. 1) component 2) integrity 3) mobilize 4) option 5) monitor 6) navigate 7) encompass8) compromise 9) incorporate 10) implement 11) impending 12) scenario3. 1) The survey encompasses social, political, and economic aspects of the situation.2) In some countries power is synonymous with corruption.3) The strike shut down many airports, but international f lights were unaffected.4) The scenery is beautiful but inaccessible to most ordinary travelers.5) The conflict deprived him of the means of livelihood.6) Such animals can withstand the extremes of weather.7) The rise in the time spent on the Internet is concomitant with the massive loss ofsociability.8) Many inventions such as gunpowder and compass originated in China.9) The frequency of mining accidents has decreased over the past 10 years.10) The maximum number of places offered by the medical school for the applicants is 15. 5. 1) Scientists should warn people about PM 2.5 and the need to restrict their children’soutdoor activities to avoid even the minimal damage.2) The local government has implemented a development program for the mountain climbersto leave the surrounding region unaffected.3) We can reduce the risks to zero since we are sure of what risks they are running.4) To combat your anxiety, you should compel yourself to visualize a promising future in whicha problem has already been settled.5) He holds that developed countries should be held accountable for economic growth on aglobal scale.6) Trash is not yet fully utilized, leading to overlooking the potential in it.7) A large number of females choose the option of personal finance to achieve control of theirown lives.8)The university has decided to invest in the project because it has many technical advantagesover other similar ones.9) Trees can provide shelter for both man and animals, which we tend to overlook.10) We are trying to achieve a sound understanding of liberal arts courses, which encompassesa wide range of subjects.Listening 2A. (1) F (2) T (3) T (4) F (5) T (6) T (7) TB. (1) Clouding computing is about the provision of computer resources like SaaS, PaaS, andinfrastructure provision while private computing isn’t.(2) 67.(3) Because the Industrial Revolution is not a thing, and it cannot be defined by some specificproducts. It is a transformation or a transition involving concepts, ideas, ways of production, changing attitudes, etc.(4) Because it is more than just technology, as the speaker further compares it to electricity,which has transformed from an innovation to much more of a utility service.(5) Ubiquitous.Listening 3A. (1) C (2) B (3) A (4) C (5) DB. compressed, whisper, external, pockets, panic, assembly, psychological, reflection,simultaneous, architecture, figure out, legitimate, instantaneous, clicking, addictedC. (1) B, C (2) C。

Unit 8 MedicineI Teaching ObjectivesAfter learning Unit 8, students (Ss) are expected to develop the following academic skills and knowledge:II Teaching Activities and ResourcesReadingText ALead-inTeaching Steps1)Start the class by sharing your experiences with doctors.2)Put Ss into pairs and ask them to do the task in Lead-in, discussing medicine as aprofession and the influence of the Internet on medicine. Then choose several Ss to share their answers with the whole class.Answer Keys (Suggested Answers)1.a)Medical profession is a noble calling, a noble career, and a decent job.b)Medical professionals are indispensable to the society.c)Medical professionals are constantly under pressure, probably suffering fromstress, misunderstanding, and underpayment.2.a)Internet provides possibility of telemedicine, which provides greaterconvenience for communication.b)Internet also brings more pressure to the doctors as more medicalinformation are available online with easy access for the patients.Text AnalysisTeaching Steps1.OverviewLet Ss preview Text A before class. Or, allocate some time for Ss to read the text quickly in class. Then choose several Ss to summarize the main idea of Text A. 2.In-Depth Analysis1)Show Ss the following words and ask them to contribute to the class as muchas possible with what they know about these words. Provide additional information in Supplementary Information when necessary.•alternative medicine•doctor-patient relationship•desktop medicine2)Explain some important language points in Language Support to Ss.3)Discuss with Ss changes in medical practice and adaption doctors arewarranted to make by doing Task 1 in Critical reading and thinking.4)Help Ss focus on some of the difficult sentences in Text A by doing Task 2 inCritical reading and thinking. Call on some Ss to report their answers to the class.Supplementary Information1.Alternative medicineAlternative medicine refers to healing treatments that are not part of conventional medical education, which includes acupuncture, massage therapy, herbal medicine, etc. They got the name “alternative” because people used to consider practices like these not to belong to the mainstream. Alternative medicine has been long taught and practiced in Eastern countries. In recent years, it gains increasing recognition in Western societies, with hospitals providing alternative treatments, medical schools offering courses in alternative medicine, and patients becoming more receptive to trying alternative techniques.2.Doctor-patient relationshipDoctor-patient relationship, also called physician-patient relationship, has been and remains a keystone of medical practice and is essential for the delivery of high-quality health care in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. It serves as the medium in which data are gathered, diagnoses and plans are made, compliance is accomplished, and support is provided. The relationship plays a paramount role in maintaining a professional rapport with patients, upholding patients’ dignity, and respecting their privacy. It also forms one of the foundations of contemporary medical ethics and is widely talked about in medical and healthcare communities.3.Desktop medicineDesktop medicine, an emerging concept in medicine, describes how a desk with a networked computer is transforming medical science and, in turn, medical practice. Historically, bedside medicine has been used to diagnose and treat diseases, incorporating the standard elements of pa tients’ medical history, the chief complaint, the review of systems, the physical exam, and the diagnostic studies. In contrast to traditional bedside medicine, desktop medicine features researchers’ discovering risk-factor based di seases and physicians’ diagnosing and treating patients with these diseases. While bedside medicine focuses on the presence or absence of diseases, desktop medicine concerns the management of the risk of diseases.Language Support1.“Who needs doctors?” shouts the cover of one American news magazine,while commentaries in medical journals abound with negative titles: “Unhappy doctors”; ... (Para. 1)… shouts the cover of one American news magazine …是倒装句，正常语序应该是the cover of one American news magazine shouts。