国际结算双语总结

term bill 期票A kind of credit certificate, issued by the debtor, unconditionally pay at( a fixed or determinable

future time) a certain sum in money to creditors.

documentary bill 跟单汇票 Documentary bill (documentary bill), also known as credit bill, is required to attach

commercial documents like insurance, packing list, invoice（发货单） and other documents to make a payment

required item of bill 票据要素The word “Exchange” An unconditional order in writing Time and place of issue

Tenor (time of payment票据期限) Amount in words and figures Name and address of the drawee(付款人)

Drawer’s (开票人)signature Name of the payee（收款人）

汇票Bill of exchange means an unconditional order in writing ,addressed by one person to another, signed by the

person giving it, requiring the person to (whom it is addressed) to (pay on demand or at sight见票立即支付) or

at( a fixed or determinable future time) a certain sum in money to ,or to the order of a specified person or to the

bearer.（持票人）

本票Promissory note means an unconditional promise in writing,signed by the maker engaging to pay on demand

or at a fixed or determinable future time a certain sum in money to or to the order of a specified person or to

bearer.

支票Cheque means a bill of exchange which is drawn on a bank(银行支付)and is payable on demand(见票即付).

信汇(mail transfer,M/T)：The mail remittanceit is a remittance，at the request of a remitter,effected by a mail

advice or payment order sent by a remitting bank to a paying bank authorizing the latter to pay a certain sum in

money to a designated 指定payee of the remittance.汇款

信汇(mail transfer,M/T)、票汇(demand draft,D/D)和电汇(telesfer,T/T),是通过汇款方式支付款项的三种形式,由于它们在资金支付时间上有所区别,因而使用不同的汇率。电汇形式是汇出银行以电报或电传形式通知汇人银行,这种形式时间短、付款快。电汇汇率一般要比其他汇率高,原因是汇出银行作一项这样的外汇业务要损失一个航空邮程时间的利息。在目前国际间汇率波动频繁、汇率风险较大的情况下,国际贸易结算、银行间外汇资金拨付,一般多使用电汇形式,因此电汇汇率便成为国际金融市场上的基本汇率。

信汇形式是银行卖出外汇后,以航邮方式通知国外付款人付款,并使用信汇汇率。票汇形式为外汇银行开立由国外分支机构或代理行作为付款人的汇票,交由汇款人自行带往或寄往对方凭以取款,以这种形式转移外汇资金的汇率为票汇汇率。采取信汇和票汇形式,从卖出外汇到实际支付时间间隔较长,银行可在此间隔时间内利用该笔资金,故信汇和票汇汇率都较电汇汇率稍低。

Documentary Collection (跟单托收): the collection of financial documents accompanied by

commercial documents and commercial documents not accompanied by financial documents

不可撤销信用证Confirmed irrevocable credit means a definite undertaking of confirming bank保兑行, in

addition to that of the issuing bank开证行, to honor or negotiating a complying presentation. When a

confirmation is added to an irrevocable credit by another bank, the credit become a confirmed, irrevocable 不可改变的credit. 不可撤销信用证是指开证行一经开出、在有效期内未经受益人或议付行等有关当事人同意，不得随意修改或撤销的信用证；只要受益人按该证规定提供 有关单据，开证行（或其指定的银行）保证付清货款。

延期信用证Deferred payment credit means under a deferred payment credit, the beneficiary does not receive

payment when he presents the documents, but at a later date after B/L（bill of lading） date or presentation of

documents.

议付信用证Negotiate credit means a negotiation credit refers to the credit under which the issuing bank开证行

authorizes other nominated banks指定银行 to purchase the drafts and/or documents presented by the

beneficiary.

buyer’s usance credit假远期信用证 according to the contract, payment to the seller at sight;

time draft汇票 discounting charges贴现费用 and acceptance commission承兑汇票手续费 are for the buyer’s account

Anticipated credit 预支信用证 A credit with a clause which authorises the advising bank通知行 to make an

advance payment to the beneficiary.

流程图

Flow chart of cable/telex/SWIFT (Telegraphic Transfer, T/T)Buyer1Apply and buy foreign

exchanges & pay

commission2T/TRept.3PO + BT instruction

by T/TPaying BankRemitting Bank4T/T

adv.Seller5Rept.6Pay7Debit or credit

AdviceCable and Telex need at least morethan 2 days to processIn the SWIFT transfer, if you sendmoney in the morning, it wouldenter payee’s a/c in the afternoonWith test key

Cable 电报

Debit advice 借项目通知单

Credit advice 贷项目通知单

T/T(Telegraphic Transfer)电汇,是指汇出行应汇款人申请，拍发加押电报\电传或SWIFT给在另一国家的分行或代理行（即汇入行）指示解付一定金额给收款人的一种汇款方式。

documentary credit跟单信用证 L/C letter of credit信用证 claim on 索赔 recourse 追索权

承兑交单(DocumentsagainstAcceptance,简写D/A)是指出口人的交单以进口人在汇票上承兑为条件。即出口人在装运货物后开具远期汇票，连同商业单据，通过银行向进口人提示，进口人承兑汇票后，代收银行即将商业单据交给进口人，在汇票到期时，方履行付款义务。由于承兑交单是进口人只要在汇票上办理承兑之后，即可取得商业单据，凭以提取货物。所以，承兑交单方式只适用于远期汇票的托收。

D/P 即是Documents against Payment 付款交单，分为即期和远期两种。 即期交单（D/P Sight）指出口方开具即期汇票，由代收行向进口方提示，进口方见票后即须付款，货款付清时，进口方取得货运单据。远期交单（D/P after sight or after date),指出口方开具远期汇票，由代收行向进口方提示，经进口方承兑后，于汇票到期日或汇票到期日以前，进口方付款赎单。

简答题

1、Describe the similarities and difference of FOB.CFR.CIF

Similarities:

（1）be used in marine transportation海运

（2）deliver goods to port of loading

（3）the risks shift to the buyer when the goods pass the ship’s rail

（4）the buyer undertake risks after delivering goods）

Difference：