广东省河源市中英文实验学校中考英语 语法专题复习1 名词
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名词学习目标与要求:掌握名词的用法。
第一段:【短课导学】模块一:自主学习第二段:【长课导学】模块二:交流、学习模块三:研讨模块四:当堂训练(独立完成)课题:语法专项复习――名词2授课时间:第1 周姓名______________模块四:当堂训练(独立完成)老师的话:复杂的事情简单做,简单的事情认真做,认真做的事情重复做,重复做的事情创造性做!一时专一事,做最好的自己,你一定成功!一、单项选择( ) 1. Yesterday for dinner I had a piece of beef, vegetables and _____.〔2020广州〕 A. some rice B. a few rice C. a little rices D. a rice( ) 2. In ________ time, those mountains will be covered with trees.A. few yearB. a few years’C. few yearsD. a few year’s( ) 3. We bought ________ for my mother’s birthday.A. some meatsB. some pieces meatC. a piece of meatD. pieces of meats ( ) 4. There’re a lot of ________ down there, but hardly any ________.A. horse; peopleB. horses; peoplesC. cow; peopleD. sheep; people( ) 5 —Is the schoolbag under the desk yours?—No, it’s my _________. He left it there just now. 〔2020长沙〕A. brotherB. brothe r’sC. brothers’( ) 6. This is_________ bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much. 〔2020青海〕A. Jenny and Maria’sB. Jenny’s and MariaC. Jenny’s and Maria’s( ) 7.—How far is your home from school?—It’s about t wo______ walk.〔2020潍坊〕A. hoursB. hours’C. hour’sD. hour( ) 8 —Where are you going, Lucy?—__________________.A. To my uncleB. To my uncle’sC. At my uncleD. At my u ncle’s( ) 9 Mr Black is a teacher of _______. She and her classmates like him very much. 〔2020甘肃〕A. my sisterB. my sister’sC. my sistersD. my sisters’( ) 10. —I hear you have to get up early every morning. 〔2020泰安〕—Right. It’s one of the ______ of my family.A. plansB. jobsC. programsD. rules( ) 11 Miss Black is a friend of ______, she always looks after my sister.〔2020黑龙江〕A. Mary’s mother’sB. Mary’s mother’C. Mary mother’s二、完成《聚焦中考》P-109-111习题。
动词时态学习目标与要求:1、继续学习动词时态(2)第一段:[短课导学] 模块一:自主学习学习内容摘记Step1: — 1、听暴风听力—模拟训练2、朗读背诵中考必备词汇Step2观看微视频(动词时态)/ PPTStep3: 自主学习--独自完成领航粤考P64-66现在完成时,过去进行时,过去完成时,三种时态。
第二段:[长课导学] 模块二:交流研讨研讨内容摘记Step 1:Please check the answers in groups,then find the differences.Step 2:按照组长的分工,每位同学选择一个内容向全组同学进行交流。
如有不同意见,请直接提出或质疑。
模块三:巩固内化学习任务Step1 整理下面三个时态的构成:(1)现在完成时态的结构:肯定式:否定式:常用的标志词:(2)过去进行时态的结构:肯定式:否定式:常用的标志词:(3)过去完成时态的结构:肯定式:否定式:常用的标志词:Step2 【中考真题再现】Ⅰ.单项选择()1 ______ you ___ the novel that I lent you last week?A. Did; finishB. Have; finishedC. Are; finishedD. Do; finish( ) 2 He ___ in our school for 20 years and he ___ here in 1977A. has taught; cameB. has taught; has comeC. taught; cameD. has teached; has came( ) 3 They are late. The film ___ for five minutes.A. has begunB. has startedC. has been onD. began( ) 4 ___the Blacks ___TV at seven yesterday?A. Did; watchB. Are, watchingC. Were; watchingD. Do; watch( ) 5 The scientist___ a walk in his garden at four last Sunday.A. was takingB. would takeC. tookD. was taken( ) 6 What___ from nine to ten last night?A. did you doB. had you doneC. have you doneD. were you doing( ) 7There___ two English films next week.A. is going to beB. are going to haveC. will haveD. are going to be ( ) 8 There is going to___ a volleyball match on our school playground.The match is going to___ at six this evening.A. have; beB. be; haveC. be; beD. have; have模块四:当堂训练完成领航粤考P71-真题集训。
1 名词 学习目标与要求: 1. 听力训练; 2、掌握名词的基本用法;
模块一:温故知新 4人小组长,组织学生,利用晚自习独立、安静完成。(5分钟) 一、翻译下列词组。 一条新闻____________________________ 一碗米饭____________________________ 许多钱
二、写出下列名词的复数形式。 book ___________ chair __________ class________ box ___________ brush ________ watch ___________ family__________ key___________ radio ________ photo ________ zoo_________ potato__________ tomato__________ hero__________ wife ________ leaf__________ thief _______ man__________ woman__________ policeman_________ foot __________ tooth________ goose _____________ child__________ mouse ____________ sheep __________ deer__________ Chinese _____________ Frenchman ______________ German_____________
模块一:自主学习 (独立进行) (Self-study & Self-exploration) 摘 记 Step1听力训练
Step2 自主学习 1、 先独自阅读研讨内容的相关考点,完成相关练习。 2、 小组内相互检查练习完成情况。 名词的概念:名词是表示人、事物、地方、现象或抽象概念名称的词。从名词所表示的性质看,可分为________名词和__________名词。可数名词有复数形式,不可数名词一般没有复数形式。从名词的类别看,个体名词和集体名词是可数名词,物质名词和抽象名词是不可数名词。可数名词的单数形式一般可以用不定冠词(a\an )修饰;不可数名词一般不能用不定冠词(a\an) 修饰。
考点一:不可数名词 1、不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词,它们不能直接和表示数字的词或不定冠词连用,也没有_______形式。常考的不可数名词有:music, fun, news, information, advice, weather, homework, work, air, time, money, paper, traffic, practice, wool等。 2、不可数名词可以借助______来表示一定的数量。但也可以用much(许多), some/any(一些), a little(一点点),little(几乎没有) plenty of(很多) , a lot of(=lots of)(许多)等修饰不可数名词。如: 一则新闻:a piece of news ; 两瓶水: two bottles of water ; 四条建议_________________________ ; 六张纸_____________________ ;你能借给我一些钱吗?Could you lend me_____________________? 【中考真题再现】 ( ) 1. All the _____ are made of ______ , not plastics. A. glass; glass B. glasses, glass C. glasses , glasses D. glass, glasses ( ) 2. Jenny gave us ____ on how to improve English. A. some advices B. many advices C. some advice D. an advice ( ) 3. _____ about the sports meeting make us excited. A. News B. Information C. Messages D. Advice ( ) 4. Look, he is listening to ________, and he seems to enjoy himself very much. A. a music B. some musics C. some pieces of music D. some pieces of
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music 考点二:专有名词 1、 表示某个人物、事物、地点、组织或国家等名称的词。如:China, the Great Wall, Uncle Li等。 2、 当专有名词时以词组的形式表示时,其中的冠词、介词等虚词_______(用/不用)大写。如: the People’s Republic of China, the West Lake等。 3、专有名词一般没有复数形式,有时也会以复数出现。 【中考真题再现】 ( ) 1. _____ are going to the USA tomorrow. A. Smiths B. Smiths C. The Smith D. The Smiths ( ) 2. How I wish to be _____! He is so great. A. an Edison B. Edison C. the Edison D. Edisons
考点三:可数名词单数变为复数的几条规律 1、一般直接加-s: 比如:girl---__________ map---_________ 2、以-s, -x, -sh, -ch结尾的单词常在词尾加—es: 比如:bus—_______ brush---_______ 3、以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i,再加—es: 比如: story---_______ baby---_______ 4、以--o结尾的名词变复数常有下列2种变化: ①【口诀:黑人和英雄正在吃士豆和西红柿。】 说明:Negro(黑人),hero(英雄),potato(土豆),tomato(西红柿),这四个名词变复数时,在词尾加-es。 ②其它以o结尾的名词一般加-s, radio_______ zoo______ kangaroo___________(袋鼠) photo_________(照片) kilo_________(千克) 5、以“f”和“fe”结尾,一般改 f 或fe 为v,再+es 【口决:树叶多半自己黄,妻子拿刀去割粮。架后窜出一只狼,就像盗贼逃命忙。】 说明:leaf(树叶),half(半),self(自己), wife(妻子),knife(刀子),shelf(架子),wolf(狼), thief(盗贼),life(生命) 这九个名词变复数时都要变f或fe为v, 再加-es。 比如: leaf_______ half ________ myself_________ wife________ knife__________
特殊: roof--- roofs(屋顶) reef ---reefs(暗礁) chief—chiefs(首领) 6、【可数名词变复数名词的不规则变化】 1)改变单数名词中的元音字母或其它形式。 ①foot—_______ (脚) tooth---_______ (牙齿) ②goose—_______ (鹅) woman ---_______ (女人) ③man ---_______ (男人) ④child ---_______ (孩子) ⑤mouse ---_______ (老鼠) ★与man 和woman构成的合成词,两部分都要变成复数形式。 e.g.: woman doctor ---women doctors(女医生) man driver—men drivers (男司机) 2)巧记民族的单复数常有下列三种变化。 ①Chinese (中国人)---- _______ Japanese(日本人) ----_______ ② 将man 变为men Englishman---___________ Frenchman---_______ ③其余全在后面加s German---___________ American---____________ Indian—___________ Canadian----_____________ Australian----____________ 【口诀:中日友好是一致,英法联盟a变e, 余国词尾添s。】
3)有些名词只有复数形式。 _______ (人们) _______ (裤子) _______ (衣服) _______ (长裤) _______ (短裤) _______ (眼镜) _______ (袜子) _______ (鞋子) scissors(剪刀)
7、有些名词虽然以s结尾却表示单数。 如:_______ (消息,新闻) _______(草) _______ (政治) _______ (物理)
8、即可做可数名词也可做不可数名词: 单词 可数 不可数 单词 可数 不可数 3
glass 玻璃 paper 报纸,试卷 room 空间 chicken 小鸡 fish 鱼肉 orange 橘子 【中考真题再现】 ( ) 1. They are from ____ . They’re _______. A. Germany; Germans B. Germans ; Germany C. German; Germany D. Germany; Germen ( ) 2. ---Could you take ______ for these______? -- They are very beautiful. A. any photos; tomatoes B. some photos ; tomatoes C. some photos; tomatos D. any photo; tomatoes ( ) 3. How many _____ are there in the international village? A. Chinese B. Russian C. American D. Germen
考点四:名词所有格 1)名词所有格用来表示名词和名词之间的所属关系。意为:“„„的” 名词所有格有几种形式: 名词+’s , 名词s’ ,名词+of+名词 A)表示有生命的东西的名词所有格,一般在名词的词尾加“ ’s ”, (1)如果词尾不是以s 结尾,要加“ ’s ” 这男孩的母亲 the ______ mother 儿童节 ___________________ (2)如果词尾是以s 结尾,只加“ ’ ” e.g.: 双胞胎的房间 the _______ bedroom 教师节__________________ (3)表示时间、距离、国家、地点和自然现象等无生命名词的所有格也用“-’s”的形式。 today’s paper 今天的报纸 two hours’ rest 两个小时的休息 It’s about __________________ from school to her home every day. 每天从学校到她家需要十分钟的走路路程。 (4)表示商铺、某人的家、诊所、或餐馆等的名词所有格,其后名词可以省略。 e.g.: at my uncle’s 在我叔叔的家里 在医生的诊所里______________________ (5)表示一件东西为多人共有,只需在最后一个人的名字后加 ’s ; 若表示各自所有,则需在每个名字后都加 ’s ; e.g.: Alan and Bain’s computer (共同所有) _____ very beautiful. (be) Alan’s and Bain’s computers(各自所有) ______ very beautiful.(be) B)表示无生命东西的名词所有格,一般以“of + 名词”的结构来表示。 e.g.: (A) 教室的窗户______________________ (B) __________________________ was broken. 房门坏了。 C)双重所有格结构 即’s结构和of结构相结合。 a, an, some, any, no, another, several, this, these, that, those +名词+of +名词性物主代词/+名词的’s所有格 比如:我的一个朋友: a friend of mine(a+名词+of+名词性物主代词) 布朗太太的一辆车: a car of Mrs. Brown’s(a+名词+of+名词的’s所有格) D)有些名词用to来表示所有格。(请熟记) 1)the key to the room 房间的钥匙 2)the answers to the following questions 下面问题的答案 3) the way to the school 去学校的路 4)entrance to the theatre 戏院的入口 5) a witness to an accident 事故的目击者 6) a ticket to the match 比赛的票 【中考真题再现】 ( ) 1、The _____ was too much for the child to carry. A. box’s steel B. box of a steel C. steel box D. box of the steel ( ) 2、_____ are big and bright. A. The classroom window B. The window of the classroom C. The windows of the classroom D. The classroom’s windows