高考英语短文改错 单句分类训练(一)冠词、名词

高考英语短文改错考点解析-名词一、考点规律分析短文改错的名词考点主要涉及名词的单复数问题，即在该用复数的地方误用其单数，或在该用单数的地方误用其复数。

二、真题单句归纳〔1〕 We stopped to rest for a while and to drink some waters from a stream. 〔waters 改为water，因“水〞为物质名词，不可数〕〔全国卷〕〔2〕 We climb everywhere， not only in America. We have been to Europe many time. 〔time改为 times，many times 意为“许屡次〞〕〔全国卷〕〔3〕 There are branch library in many villages. 〔library 改为 libraries，因其前的谓语are为复数〕〔全国卷〕〔4〕 I hope that you two could come and visit us some times soon. 〔times 改为 time，some time 意为“某时〞〕〔全国卷〕〔5〕 Today I visited the Smiths — my first time visit to an American family. 〔去掉time，因first 已含有“次〞的意思〕〔全国卷〕〔6〕 They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question. 〔question 改为 questions，因其前有表示复数意义的修饰语 lots of〕〔全国卷〕〔7〕 We study quite a few subject， such as maths， Chinese， English and physics. 〔subject 改为 subjects，因 a few 后应接复数可数名词〕〔全国卷〕〔8〕…and often watch football match on TV together. 〔match 改为 matches〕〔全国卷〕〔9〕 Happy birthday， Peter， and many happy return of the day！〔return改为 returns，many happy returns of the day！为祝贺生日的惯用表达〕〔春季卷〕〔10〕 She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success. 〔schoolmate 改为 schoolmates，因校友不只一个，另外根据其后的 all 也可推知〕〔全国卷〕〔11〕 I used to love science class — all of them— biology， chemistry，geography， physics. 〔class 改为 classes，指其后提到的所有课程〕〔春季卷〕〔12〕 They did not want me to do any work at family. 〔family 改为 home，因at home 为固定短语〕〔全国卷〕〔13〕…so that I‘ll get good marks in all my subject. 〔subject 改为 subjects，请注意前面的 all〕〔全国卷〕〔14〕 On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful. 〔picture 改为 pictures，picture 作为可数名词，其前应有限定词，或为复数形式〕〔全国卷〕〔15〕 No one worries much about the radio program young people listen to. 〔program 改为 programs，从句意上看，此处应用复数〕〔春季卷〕〔16〕 Their word were a great encouragement to me. 〔word 改为 words，注意其后的复数动词〕〔全国卷〕〔17〕 You know，that was a dinner we had waited for several month.“〔month 改为 months，因 several 后要用可数名词的复数形式〕〔卷〕〔18〕…but after class we become stranger at once.〔stranger改为strangers，由本行前面的we可知应该用名词复数〕〔全国卷〕〔19〕 You can find all kinds of information in just a few minute on the Internet. 〔minute改为minutes，因为a few后面的名词一定是复数〕〔卷〕〔20〕Nowadays millions of people of all age take pleasure in a hobby…〔age 改为ages，因谈到不止一个人的年龄，age用复数；of all ages指各个年龄阶段的人〔卷〕〔21〕She was doing her homeworks one Sunday morning when… 〔homeworks改为homework，因它是不可数名词，没有复数形式〕〔卷〕〔22〕 Without enough knowledges， you can never teach well. 〔knowledges 改为knowledge，因 knowledge是不可数名词，没有复数形式〕〔卷〕三、模拟单句演练〔1〕 Women live longer than men in most country.〔2〕 The film is very interesting. I have seen it many time.〔3〕It‘s said that all the ticket have been sold out.〔4〕 The children spend a lot of times watching TV.〔5〕 I met a lot of interesting peoples on holiday.〔6〕 The flower in the park were all pleasing.〔7〕 As the day went by， she became less anxious.〔8〕 Computer are becoming more and more popular in the country.〔9〕It‘s one of the most interesting book that I’ve ever read.〔10〕 He made his first time visit to China when he was 18.〔11〕 Hearing the news， the woman burst into tear.〔12〕He hasn‘t lived here long， but he has a great many friend here.〔13〕 I was afraid she would have left for family when I got there.〔14〕He‘s getting married next month and decides to buy some furniture s.〔15〕There‘s a paper’s factory near our school.「参考答案」〔1〕 country 改为 countries，因其前的most 意为“大多数〞。

此文档下载后即可编辑高一英语单句改错专项训练考查类型:1. 多词1）不可数名词泛指时,多冠词,或不可数名词/抽象名词,多不当修饰词.2）谓语动词多不当助动词3）感官使役动词后不定式作宾语补足语时多了to 4）不是从句却加了关系词或连接词5）及物动词后多了介词或副词6）比较级前多词7）词义重叠 / 冗词错误8）作时间状语的名词短语前多了介词9）固定搭配中多词2. 缺词1）可数名词前缺限定词2）动词不定式缺to3）不及物动词后缺介词或副词4）固定搭配中缺词5)被动语态缺助动词be6）句子成分残缺(一般缺谓语动词或动词)3.错词1）不定冠词a / an、定冠词或物主代词错误2）可数名词复数少了－s3）动词时态与时间状语（或上下文）不一致4）语态错误5）非谓语动词形式错误6）主谓不一致7）代词和名词不一致8）词义辨析错误9）介词与名词、动词或形容词搭配错误10）连词错误11）词类错误12）关系代词或关系副词错误13）逻辑错误14）固定搭配和习惯用法错误短文改错口诀动词形，名词数，注意形和副；非谓动词细辨别，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注。

一、动词形主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。

例如：My favourite sport is football. I was member of our school football team. isNow my picture and prize is hanging in the library. are上述两例分别属于时态错误和主、谓不一致错误。

找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时态概念，注意短文内容发生或存在的时间，保持时间概念的一致性。

二、名词数指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。

常表现为将名词复数写成单数。

例如：…so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject. subjects三、区分形和副即区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。

短文改错考点总结一、分值分配:先说一下改错的基本规则，全篇一共10处错误，每句做多改______处，并严格按照要求改错，否则不给分~一般来说，这10个题里包括________个改正题、____个少词、______个多词改错是一个起点很高，落点很低的题。

起点高的意思是它考察的是我们对文章整体的感知能力，说白了，光语法好是不够的；落点低是指它的语法点非常简单，初中语法就可以秒杀改错题。

所以改错的特点就是这样，答案大家一看就懂，但是如果不熟悉它的规律，做题的时候死活就是改不出来。

所以现在先把这张图背下来。

二、八大词第一组（名代冠，以名词为中心）：1，【_________】就是表示“人、物、事”的词；2，【_________】就是代替名词的词；3，【_________】像是个跟班，总是和名词在一起；第二组（形副，总是混着出题）：4，【_________】必须且只能修饰名词（代词）；5，【_________】不可以修饰名词（代词），但是可以修饰名词之外的任何东西哦，包括修饰动词、形容词、副词、整个句子。

第三组（动介连）6，【_________】动词可以做谓语（主、谓、宾里面那个谓语），也可以做非谓语（不能充当谓语动词时，就是非谓语动词）。

其中，谓语动词考点就是时态和语态（被动语态）；7，【_________】比如in，on，at这种小词，介词后面一定要加__________________！！！8，【_________】（1）并列句连词and but or等、（2）从属连词，也叫从句连词that when who which 等。

再来重复一遍这8个词性，_________、_________、_________。

常考点总结一、【名词】名词考点：_________。

（以下这些词，擦亮眼睛，基本上看见文章里出现了，单数改复数，复数改单数）_________（工作不可数；作品可数）, _________（可数）_________（时间不可数；次数可数）, 小时_________, 年_________, 月_________,日_________,学生_________, 同学_________, 朋友_________（别忘了+s）side, place（这俩都是可数名词）eyes, parents, feet, cheeks, shoes，should ers…（这些都是一定+s的，parent是单亲，cheek是一个脸蛋，想想用单数有多诡异~）_________（年级不可数；分数可数+s）people（这是个复数名词，单数person）, family（表示家人时，单复数写法相同，都是family）, kind （种类，可数名词）thanks, regards, wishes, congratulations（感谢类名词永远都要+s）二、【代词】下面这些代词也是，看见了就注意吧~he - sheme – minewe – I 单复改点one – it 泛指/特指改点（不定代词/指代词）some – any 肯定/ 否定句little – few 不可数-可数the other – others – the others （另一个【特指】，其他的【泛指】，另外那些【特指】）each / every+ 单数n三、【冠词】（一）考点规律：the和same 要连用，比如，This is the same present.形容词最高级前the/a 均可（意思有差别“最/非常”）the most disgusting affair 最恶心的事儿a most disgusting affair 非常恶心的事儿（二）再给大家三个万能公式：a/an + adj + 抽象名词，比如have a good time，have a drink/ rest/ walkthe + n + of …，（有限定的名词要用the）the + n + that 限定性从句（和上句同理）（三）超高频考点，注意有没有冠词，以及用哪个冠词～～～get into _________惹麻烦at an early _________小时候have a _________t 休息一下catch _________ of 看见go for a _________去散步in _________事实上_________ sb. on the head/face/leg 击打某人的头/脸/腿on 后跟部位once upon _________ time 很久很久以前四、【形容词、副词】（一）考点规律：1、形容词与副词的混用，形容词只可以修饰_________，放在_________之(前/后) _________；副词只能修饰_________，放在_________之(前/后) _________！！！2、形容词/副词，比较级/最高级问题（1）搭配问题比较级中than 与_________或_________配套；最高级中-est或most与_________配套。

高考英语短文改错专项训练（含答案）1.【2016·全国新课标I】短文改错（10 分）My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that 1 live .Though not very big ,but the restaurant is popular in our area .It is always crowded with customers at meal times .Some people even had to wait outside My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.2.【2016·全国新课标II】短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden you view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot. 3.【2016·全国新课标III】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me . They were also the best and worse years in my life . At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time , I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.4.【2016·四川】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）It is Mother’s Day today. Though it’s a western festival, it’s popular in China now.Mom has a full-time job, so she has to do most of the houseworks. She is a great mother. Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother’s Day. We get up early in the morning. Dad cleaned the house, and then went on shopping. When he came back, I found a bunch of flowers in her hand. I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen. The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favoritiest. At dinner, we said to her, “HappyMother’s Day！”Mom was grateful and moving.5.【2016·浙江】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）When I was a very young children, my father created a regular practice I remember well years late. Every time he arrived home at end of the day ,we’d greet het at the door. He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us, Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers. While they chat, my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge. It was both excited and frightening to be up there！My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.20XX年高考试题分项解析之专题----短文改错1.【2015·陕西】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）My soccer coach retired in last week. I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party. My mum makes the better biscuits in the world, so I decide to ask her for help. Mum taught me some basic step of baking. I insisted on doing most of the baking myself. I thought the biscuits were really well. My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.At a party, my coach, with a biscuit in his mouth, asked surprisingly who made them and joked, “I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.”My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter!2.【2015·四川】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）Hi, Janice,It's been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of theproblems I have been experiencing.As I tell you last time, I made three new friend here. We hang out together during lunch andafter school. We've been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars. It's been three Saturdaysnow and it really costs me many. And I started to see this as a time—wasting activity! In fact ,I don’t like to go anymore, so I’m afraid I’ll lose their friendship. How do you think I should do? If you are me ,would you talk tohim?Please help with me and give me some advice.Grace3.【2015·浙江】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made from glass. I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view. On the left-hand side of the class, I could easy see the football field. In the mornings, it was full of students exercising. The view from the back of the classroom is also splendid. Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them. Farther in the distance, I could not enjoy the view of snowy mountains. On the right side of the class was the road. I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning. The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming. If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom, I will never forget it.4.【2015·新课标全国II 】One day , little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded. Tony saw a toy on a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. A woman saw him drying and telling him to wait outside a shop. Five minutes later, Tony saw parents. Mom said,“How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried. ” Tony promised her that this would never happen again.5.【2015·新课标全国I 】When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out . We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so ,we ’ll live to regret it .20XX年高考试题分项解析之专题----短文改错1. Correction 1(2014课标全国Ⅰ)Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden. Since then—for all these year—we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!2. Correction 2(2014课标全国Ⅱ)My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. We didn’t need to do so many homework. Therefore, we have more time with after-school activities. For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day.My dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sat by the lake listening music. The teachers here are kind and helpfully. They are not only our teachers but also our friends.3. Correction 3(2014浙江)I was taking a train to London’s Victoria Station. I had noticed that the carriage was noise and filled with people.Before long, a train inspector comes to check our tickets. A passenger realized he couldn’t find his ticket but became quite upset. Then everyone in the carriage began searching the ticket, which was eventually found under a seat several rows from his owner. The person who found a ticket smiled with pleasure at his success.No one in the carriage had previous spoken to or even noticed the ticket-owner before. Yet they had so quickly offered the strangers their help. If we could show concern to others on need, the world would be a better place to live in.4. Correction 4(2014辽宁)Dear Jeremy and Alice,Although we’ve been delighted to have you as neighbors, we’re hopingto settle something that bothers to us. In a word, your dog—Cleo.We’ve called several time about Cleo’s early morning barking. It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute she’s outside. The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby. Beside, Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day. This morning she starts barking even before 5 o’clock. That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are.We appreciate our apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter.Sincerely,Jack and Rose5. Correction 5(2014四川)Hello, boys and girls! Today, I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off. If you hear the alarm, stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside. Stay close to your teacher and classmate. Don’t panic or get out of line, and trying to remain quiet and calmly. Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire. If it’s a false alarm and there is no fire, your teacher will lead us back to the classroom. If you notice that when someone is missing and hurt, tell your teacher immediately.高考英语短文改错专项训练(答案解析)1.【2016·全国新课标I】短文改错（10 分）【答案】1. that →where 2. but去掉 3. had →have 4. honest→honesty5. or→and6. using →used7. becoming前加of8. the →a9. our→his 10. stead→steadily【归纳总结】在英语中though、although、while或者as等引导的让步状语从句不和but连用；连词because不和so连用；此外，return不和back连用。

冠词错误一、冠词残破（一）缺乏不定冠词a/an单数可数泛指某一不确立的人或事物，应加不定冠词a/an 。

单数名词有形容词修饰的，冠词放在形容词前方，而非名词前方。

冠词后的名词或许形容词首音为辅音的，加a；单词首音为元音的，加an。

注意：有些单词首字母是元音字母，但首音其实不发元音的，其前的不定冠词要用a。

如：university, useful, usual,Europe(首音均发半元音[j]）, one（首音为[w]）有些单词首字母是辅音字母，但首音却发元音的，其前的不定冠词an。

如：hour, honest, honorable, unusual１、冠词后的名词前有形容词的情况（此种情况因为被切割，很简单忽视，考得也最多）：（2013O1）It is such great hotel that I would recommend it to any friend of mewho is going to Beijing.（2010O2） In other words, we would be separated long time.（2007O2）I meant to write long letter and tell you all the things I' m doingat school, but the bell was ringing, so I just have to stop here.（ 2005O3 ）② I hope you’ve had pleasant journey home and will come to China again sometimes in the future.（ 2002O2） As everyone knows.it ’s famo us mountain with all kinds of plants andanimal.（ 2000 春）② I ’ll take this chance wish you wonderful time on your birthday.２、冠词后的名词前无形容词的情况：If you'd like to make trip to our city some day, I will be better than happy tobe your guide.（2004O2）I'm sure they will laugh to me and see me as fool.（ 2010O1）② There was Uncle Chen, gentleman living near my house, who was a very much famous writer.３、注意固定中的冠不可以缺乏。

短文改错解题技巧
历年改错的设题通常从以下三个方面入手：词法错误、句法错误和行文逻辑错误。

一、词法错误
词法错误类设错在短文改错题中占很大的比例，考生需要特别注意。

对于这类题，考生要仔细分析句子成分，细心观察，并在平时学习过程中多积累语言知识。

错误类型通常有以下几种：冠词的误用，名词单复数的误用，形容词与副词的混用，代词的误用，介词的误用等。

1．冠词的错误
2．代词的误用
3．介词的误用
4．名词单复数的误用
5．形容词与副词的误用
应该用形容词的却用了副词，或应该用副词的却用了形容词。

二、句法错误
高考英语短文改错常见的句法错误有动词的时态、语态错误，非谓语动词使用错误，主谓一致错误，名词性从句中的连词的误用，定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词的误用等。

这些错误通常与句子成分的分析紧密相关，所以难度较大。

1．动词的时态、语态错误
2．非谓语动词使用错误
3．主谓一致错误
4．连词错误
（1）并列连词搭配的误用
（2）主从句连接词误用
此类错误主要指名词性从句中的连词的误用，定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词的误用等。

三、行文逻辑错误
在高考短文改错中，有时考生会碰到词法方面和句法方面均没有错误的句子，此时就必须从行文逻辑上来判断句子的合理性。

行文逻辑错误常见的有代词的指代错误，连词的逻辑意义错误等。

这类错误很难被发现，而此类错误基本上都会有所涉及，所以针对这类题考生必须通过阅读全文来综合考虑。

高考语法填空短文改错及书面表达常见错误100例汇总（一）名词写作中，学生们常把握不好名词的数、所有格以及一些集合名词的用法。

1. He gave me_a very good advice yesterday.不可数的，表示数量时在其前加 a piece of，类似的词有：news, bread, work, paper, chalk, furniture, information 等等。

2. That girl loves readi ng book.3. He went into a book ' shop and bought a dict ion ary.4. My family is watchi ng TV. 类似的词有：team, class, audie nee 等。

5. I bought some potatos and tomatos at the supermarket.中学阶段以“0结尾的名词中有四个词变复数时要加es,它们是tomato, potato, Negro, hero; 其余的都加s变为复数。

6. This has nothing to do with their believes.（这和他们的信仰没关系。

）以f, fe结尾的词变为复数时一般去f, fe力口ves,如knife —knives, thief —thieves;而roof和belief直接加s变为复数。

所以应把believes改为beliefs.（二）冠词7. The boss wants to hire _an useful person.8. Plane is a machine that can fly. 变为A plane。

9. He played _a_piano at the party yesterday.10. The machi ne was inven ted in 1920s.在in后加the，因为表示年代用in加the再加几十的复数。

高考英语短文改错名词单复数错误识别练习题30题1.There are many book on the shelf.A.bookB.booksC.bookesD.bookis答案：B。

本题中many 后面应该跟可数名词复数形式，book 的复数是books。

A 选项是单数形式，C 和D 选项都是错误的复数形式。

2.I have two toothbrush.A.toothbrushB.toothbrushesC.toothbrushsD.toothbrushis答案：B。

two 表示两个，后面的名词要用复数形式，toothbrush 的复数是toothbrushes。

A 选项是单数形式，C 和D 选项都是错误的复数形式。

3.There is a apple on the table.A.appleB.applesC.appleesD.appleis答案：A。

本题中a 表示一个，后面的名词要用单数形式，apple 的复数是apples，但这里要用单数形式。

B 选项是复数形式，C 和D 选项都是错误的复数形式。

4.I like cat.A.catB.catsC.catesD.catis答案：B。

like 后面如果跟可数名词，要用复数形式或者a/an+可数名词单数形式，这里应该是cats。

A 选项是单数形式，没有加冠词，C 和D 选项都是错误的复数形式。

5.There are some people in the park.A.peopleB.peoplesC.peopleesD.peopleis答案：A。

people 本身就是复数形式，表示“人们”，不能加s。

B、C、D 选项都是错误的形式。

6.I have three pencil.A.pencilB.pencilsC.pencilesD.pencilis答案：B。

three 表示三个，后面的名词要用复数形式，pencil 的复数是pencils。