★采矿工程专业常用英语词汇★
①geologic structure 地质构造 geologic age geologic term coalfield 煤田 take 井田
reserve of the take 井田储量 geologic reserve
coal exploration 煤层勘探 explore
②sedimentary rock 沉积岩 metamorphose rock 变质岩igneous rock 火成岩 alluvium 冲积层
coal seam mineral deposit 矿床
③epoch 纪元、纪、代 Permian 二叠纪（系）Carboniferous 石炭纪 Cretaceous 白垩纪
Tertiary 第三纪
④fold 褶 曲 fault 断层 normal～ reverse～ faulting 断层作用
⑤strike 走向 along the strike
dip 倾向、倾角 dip angle of coal seam煤层倾角
⑥weathered 风化的
bituminous coal 烟煤 [bi’tjuminэs] anthracite 无烟煤 lignite
褐煤
limestone 石灰岩 sandstone 砂岩 shale 页岩
⑦fully mechanized coal face 综采 conventional mining 普采
Semi-mechanized coal face blasting mining 炮采
fully mechanized sublevel caving mining 综放
⑧colliery (coal mine) colliery undertaking ~企业
Longwall mining 长壁开采 Room and pillar 房柱式开采
pillar and stall Panel, district, mining area 盘区采区
⑨Shaft (vertical) 井筒 adit 平硐 shaft sinking 井筒掘进opencast open pit 露天矿 surface mining strip mining
⑩strata(stratum) 岩层 stimulated caving 强制放顶longwall advancing retreating
roof (floor) 顶（底）板 main ~ immediate ~ false ~
11pit bottom shaft station 井底车场 up cast downcast 进回风井
ventilate ventilation borehole 钻孔 drill bunker(coal bin) 煤
仓
12Skip 箕斗 cage 罐笼 conveyor 运输机 belt conveyor 胶带运
输机
AFC(Armored Face Conveyer) 刮板输送机 coal preparation 选
煤
Powered roof support 液压支架 (shield)
13drift entry roadway gateroad巷道 crosscut 石门，横贯，捷
径
methane 甲烷瓦斯 gas ~ drainage
gob，goaf (mined out area) 采空区
14airway 风道 intake ~ return ~ 进风巷回风巷
stress-strain 应力－应变 stress relief zone de-stressed 应力解除
15 room dispatcher’s ～ pump ～泵房 dispatcher’s room 调度室
waiting room 候车室 winch engine room first-aid room
16 tale air 乏风 fresh intake ~ tail entry head entry 顺槽
heading 掘进头 rise ~ 上山 opening ~开切眼
17 timber 木支柱 prop, jack 支柱 individual jacks （prop）单体支柱
convergence 顶底板移近、会合 smooth ~ 缓慢下沉（巷道）
free subsidence method （采场）
18 waste heap /spoil tip 矸石山 spontaneous combustion 自燃
hoist 提升 gate road/drift/entry 巷道 incline gate 斜巷incline shaft
19 tectonic 构造的～ stress mining regulations safety regulations rock/ underground pressure 矿山压力
Behavior of rock/ underground pressure 矿山压力显现
20 floor heave 底鼓 thin or medium-thick seam 中厚
incline seam 倾向煤层 sloping ~
steep coal seam 急倾向煤层 gently slopping ~ 缓倾斜煤层
21 cracked roof 破碎顶板 fractured roof crush, crack
spacing of main falls 放顶步距 distance of roof fall
winch 小绞车 caving ~
22 eaker props/breaker support 切顶支柱 withdrawal of support
回柱
prop withdrawer 回柱绞车 shield-type support 掩护式支架
chock support 垛式支架
常用专业英语词汇
23 survey(ing) 测量 ~ station 观测站 elevation标高 elevator，lift
transit 经纬仪 full caving method 全部跨落法
partial caving partial backfilling (packing)
24 subsidence 下沉 ~ trough ~basin 下沉盆地
surface structure（building）地表建筑物
surface movement and deformation 地表移动和变形
Contour 等值线
下沉（Subsidence）、倾斜（Slope）、曲率（Curvature）、水平移动（Displacement）、水平变形（Horizontal strain）
25 aquifer 含水层 coal mining above a confined aquifer承压水上采煤
protective pillar 保护煤柱 barrier pillar 隔离煤柱
26 angle of draw 移动角边界角 draw angle of strata 边界角
surface cracks 地表裂缝 Surface slope (incline) 地表倾斜
curvature 曲率
27 Overburden strata 上覆岩层 overlying strata 上覆岩层
structure damage 建筑物损害 recovery ratio 采出率、回采率
28 backfilling mining method filling mining stowing mining
method充填回采
建筑物下开采(Mining under buildings) 铁路下开采(Mining under railways)
水体下开采(Mining under water bodies)
29 simultaneous extraction 同时开采 limited thickness extraction 限厚开采
selected extraction 选择开采 continuous extraction 连续开采 land reclaimation technology 土地复垦技术
30 compressed air drill 风钻 electric ~ 电钻
yielding support 可缩支架 rigid ~ 刚性支架
roof bolting 顶板锚杆 resin ~
31 auxiliary fans 局扇 auxiliary shaft 副井 subsidiary shaft 副井
Main shaft 主井 mine water drainage 矿井排水
haulage hoisting lighting 运输、提升、照明
32 seam subject to rock burst 易突出煤层～spontaneous combustion易自然煤层
rock burst 岩爆冲击矿压 surrounding rock 围岩 first cost 初期投资
33 multiple coal seam 多煤层 subsoil 下层基岩
quarry 采场、采矿场、采石场
horizon 区段、水平 horizontal
34 washery 洗煤＝coal preparation plant
development，Preparation， production system
high-productive&high efficient coal mine 高产高效矿井
35ascending order descending mining coalification 煤化作用repairing shift development shift productive capacity，
output
36 standby equipment deplete 枯竭采完extract/mine/exploit/win/work 开采
cantilever 悬臂梁 water-bearing ground 含水地层
37 run-of-mine coal 原煤 raw washed coal ，clean coal fossil fuel 化石燃料
rock mechanics岩石力学 dummy road 盲巷 safety pillar安全煤柱38 tensile stress field（ zone ）拉应力区Compressive stress field rock mass 岩体
rock mechanics in coal mining 煤矿岩石力学 Rock pressure 岩石压力
39 behavior of rock pressure 矿山压力显现 Stress 应力；Strain 应变
rock strata control (ground control) 岩层控制
elastic deformation 弹性变形 plastic deformation 塑性变形40 rheology of rock 岩石（体）流变性 virgin rock[mass]/initial
rock[mass]原岩（体）
virgin stress of rock[mass] 原岩应力 initial stress of rock[mass]原岩应力
virgin stress field of rock[mass] initial stress field of rock[mass] 原岩应力场
41 stress in surrounding rock围岩应力 stress-concentrated zone 应力增高区
virgin stress zone（field） initial stress zone 原岩应力区
coefficient of stress concentration 应力集中系数
42 Support 支架，支撑 partial caving method 局部跨落法
pillar support method 煤柱支撑法
43 weak ( soft) strata 松软岩层 hard strata 坚硬岩层
unstable roof 不稳定顶板 load of support 支架载荷
44 medium stable roof 中等稳定顶板 stable roof 稳定顶板
hard roof; strong roof 坚硬顶板 classification of roof 顶板分类 classify
45 setting load 初撑力 yield load 额定工作阻力
support load 支护阻力 prop density 支柱密度
46 load density; supporting intensity支护强度
rib spalling 片帮 impact load 冲击载荷
47 first weighting初次来压 periodic weighting (of main roof)周期来压
coal and gas bump; coal and gas outburst煤与瓦斯突出
48 aved zone 冒落带 fractured zone 裂隙带
sagging (continuous deformation) zone 弯曲下沉带
natural arch; ~ of natural equilibrium 自然平衡拱
49 Soil zone Continuous deformation zone Fractured zone Caved zone
50 Initial supporting 一次支护 first supporting
Permanent supporting二次支护 second supporting road side supporting 巷旁支护 non-pillar roadway protection无煤柱护巷
protective seam 保护层
51 abutment pressure 支承压力 method of roof control 顶板管理方法
roof-to-floor convergence 顶底板移近量 rib sides convergence 两帮移近量
52 Cross section 剖面 Sectional（plan） view 剖（平）面图
softening factor of rock 岩石软化系数 roof caving angle 顶板跨落角。
