第52卷第10期表面技术2023年10月SURFACE TECHNOLOGY·151·TA15钛合金高温摩擦磨损性能研究刘彬1，李晟1，毛玉刚1，李鹏飞1*，李亮亮2,3，孟宪凯1，王赛兰1，吴嘉诚1（1.江苏大学 机械工程学院，江苏 镇江 212013；2.吉林大学 机械与航空航天工程学院，长春 130025；3.沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 创新研究院，沈阳 110000）摘要：目的为探究TA15钛合金高温耐磨性能的潜力，研究了TA15钛合金在室温~800 ℃下的摩擦磨损性能。
方法利用Rtec摩擦磨损试验机（Rtec，San Jose，USA）进行TA15钛合金的摩擦磨损性能测试，通过激光共聚焦显微镜、JSM-7800F扫描电镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDS）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）等手段，分析了TA15钛合金在不同温度下的磨痕形貌、成分变化以及磨损机理。
结果在不同试验温度下，微观组织没有出现明显变化，主要为等轴α相和β相；不同温度下的摩擦因数波动不大，从室温的0.279下降到600 ℃的0.224，而在800 ℃时，表面严重氧化导致摩擦因数增大到0.309；在室温~400 ℃时，试样表面磨痕不断变窄变浅，犁沟和磨屑不断减少，而到400 ℃以上时磨痕逐渐变宽，比磨损率也大幅增大，且在600 ℃时的磨损量最大；在600 ℃时，以氧化磨损为主，并伴随着磨粒磨损和黏着磨损，且表面磨痕形貌和宽度比较均匀；在800 ℃时磨损表面以黏着磨损和氧化磨损为主，并伴随着高温焊接的发生。
结论TA15合金表面的O元素含量随温度的升高而逐渐升高，并且氧化反应主要发生在β相内。
随着试验温度的升高，TA15钛合金磨损表面的氧化磨损现象也更加明显。
关键词：TA15钛合金；高温性能；磨损机理；氧化磨损；摩擦因数中图分类号：TG147 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-3660(2023)10-0151-09DOI：10.16490/ki.issn.1001-3660.2023.10.011Tribological Properties of TA15 Titanium Alloyat Different High TemperaturesLIU Bin1, LI Sheng1, MAO Yu-gang1, LI Peng-fei1*, LI Liang-liang2,3,MENG Xian-kai1, WANG Sai-lan1, WU Jia-cheng1(1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu Zhenjiang 212013, China;2. School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China;3. Innovation Research Institute, Shenyang Aircraft Corporation, Shenyang 110000, China)收稿日期：2022-09-15；修订日期：2023-03-31Received：2022-09-15；Revised：2023-03-31基金项目：国家科技重大专项（2017ZX04001001）；江苏省自然科学基金青年基金（BK20210758）；中国博士后科学基金面上一等资助项目（2022M710060）；航空动力装备振动及控制教育部重点实验室开放基金（VCAME202208）；江苏省研究生实践创新计划（SJCX22_1849，KYCX22_3626）Fund：National Science and Technology Major Project (2017ZX04001001); Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20210758); China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project (2022M710060); Open Fund for the Key Laboratory of Vibration and Control of Aviation Power Equipment, Ministry of Education (VCAME202208); Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (SJCX22_1849, KYCX22_3626)引文格式：刘彬, 李晟, 毛玉刚, 等. TA15钛合金高温摩擦磨损性能研究[J]. 表面技术, 2023, 52(10): 151-159.LIU Bin, LI Sheng, MAO Yu-gang, et al. Tribological Properties of TA15 Titanium Alloy at Different High Temperatures[J]. Surface Technology, 2023, 52(10): 151-159.*通信作者（Corresponding author）·152·表面技术 2023年10月ABSTRACT: To investigate the high-temperature wear resistance potential of the TA15 titanium alloy, its tribological properties were studied at various temperatures, ranging from room temperature to 800 ℃. The Rtec Universal Tribometer (Rtec, San Jose, USA) equipped with a high-temperature furnace capable of reaching 1 000 ℃, with a heating rate of 100 ℃/min, was used to conduct friction and wear property tests on the TA15 titanium alloy. The impact of temperature on the friction coefficient and wear rate was analyzed. The wear morphology, composition changes, and wear mechanism of the TA15 titanium alloy at different temperatures were analyzed with a laser confocal microscope, a JSM-7800F scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrum (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The study showed that there were no significant changes in the microstructure at different test temperatures, and the microstructure was primarily composed of equiaxed α and β phases. As the test temperature increased, the O element content on the surface of the TA15 titanium alloy continuously increased, and the oxidation wear phenomenon on the wear surface became more apparent. The wear width varied significantly at 200 ℃ and 400 ℃, owing to the small average width and depth at these temperatures. Although the wear width error was the smallest at 600 ℃, the wear depth error was the highest due to too deep partial scratches, indicating that abrasive wear was the primary factor. At 800 ℃, the specimen was extruded and deformed, resulting in a significantly increased wear width (about 2 300 μm).Furthermore, increased adhesive wear caused noticeable local tearing. At temperatures below the service temperature of 500 ℃, wear losses only slightly varied from 0.005 1 g to 0.004 3 g. However, at 600 ℃, the wear loss abruptly increased to 0.019 1 g, which was mainly due to TA15's excellent plasticity at that temperature. Additionally, the high temperature microhardness affected the wear loss and mechanism. Unexpectedly, at a test temperature of 800 ℃, the total mass increased by 0.019 4 g due to the softened TA15's compaction and obvious adhesive wear. The wear mechanism of TA15 at room temperature was primarily abrasive wear. At 200 ℃ and 400 ℃, the wear was mainly stripping wear and adhesive wear, accompanied by minor abrasive wear and oxidation wear. At 600 ℃, the wear was primarily oxidized, accompanied by abrasive wear and adhesive wear, with uniform surface wear morphology and width. At 800 ℃, the wear surface was mainly affected by adhesive wear and oxidation wear, accompanied by high temperature welding. At high temperatures, TA15's surface wear is mainly influenced by high temperature softening and surface oxidation. Worn surfaces are distributed with various particles of different morphologies, with Ti as the main element and N element detected at various spots, indicating that grinding ball particles are embedded in the substrate regardless of test temperature. Owing to Ti's high chemical activity, oxidation is inevitable, and the content of O element increases gradually with the rise in test temperature.KEY WORDS: TA15 titanium alloy; high-temperature properties; wear mechanism; oxidation wear; friction coefficientTA15（Ti-6Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V）合金是典型的近α型中强度钛合金，具有高比强度、良好的热稳定性、较好的耐腐蚀性及焊接性能等优点，广泛应用于航空航天、船舶等领域[1]，因其优异的综合力学性能，成为承载复杂载荷结构件的重要材料之一，也是燃气轮机压气机叶片和压气机盘的重要材料[2-3]。
