有关工程索赔问题

武汉科技大学继续教育学院 自学考试本科毕业生

毕业设计（论文）

13 级 工程管理 专业

题 目：施工索赔的现状和对策研究 学生姓名：肖蕊 准考证号：014913213198 指导老师： 时 间：2015 年 9 月 14日 武汉科技大学自考本科毕业论文

1 摘 要

随着我国建筑行业改革步伐的加快，建筑法律法规不断完善工程索赔逐渐为国内建设单位、监理单位、承包商所重视，索赔在工程项目同中已经是必不可少的了。在我国普遍存在索赔意识薄弱、索赔认识上有误区等现象，严重制约了我国建筑业的发展，加上索赔管理作为一种实践性很强的工作，与之相关的理论研究也必须建立在丰富的工程建设实践经验基础上。本文采用了以相关理论为基础，采用动态联系的观点及实证研究方法和归纳分析的研究方法。首先由国内企业索赔发展现状提出我国现在工程项目索赔过程中仍存在的问题；接着说明了发生索赔的原因，让施工企业意识到索赔的发生是合理合法的现象。最后针对我国现在工程项目施工索赔中存在的不懂索赔，不会索赔，不敢索赔等问题，提出了改进措施和索赔技巧索赔是项目管理的一个重要内容，也是不可避免的环节。由于施工现场条件、环境的变化，施工进度、物价的变化，以及合同条款、工程的变更，使得在建筑工程施工过程中不可避免的出现了索赔。在我国施工索赔的研究尚处于起步阶段，对于索赔的意识还很薄弱对于索赔的方法，索赔的程序不够规范、严谨。但是施工企业只有善于利用索赔，才能取得更好的经济效益。施工索赔是工程施工合同管理中的一项重要内容，依法科学地处理施工索赔问题是承包商维 护自身利益，获得合理报酬的必要手段。论文从工程承包商的角度，介绍了施工索赔的现状与存在的问题。提出承包商索赔基本方针，论述了施工索赔的策略和技巧，以便把握谈判时机，提高索赔成功的可能性，实现利润的最大化。

关键词：施工索赔；索赔现状；策略；技巧 武汉科技大学自考本科毕业论文

2 Abstract

The quickening pace of China's construction industry reform, the construction laws and regulations gradually perfecting engineering claim paid great attention in supervision units for domestic construction contractors, the claim is indispensable in the project with Is common in our country, the claim consciousness weak, claim to know the phenomenon such as myth, severely restricted the development of construction industry in our country, and claims management as a kind of practical work, the related theoretical research must also be based on rich experience in engineering practice.Adopted on the basis of relevant theories, this paper USES dynamic contact point and the analysis of the empirical research methods and research methods.First put forward by current situation of the development of domestic companies claim now in our country there are still problems in the process of engineering project claim; Then illustrates the cause of the claim, make construction enterprises to realize the happening of a claim is legitimate.Finally now existing in the construction of the project claim in China don't understand the claim, not a claim, did not dare to claim problems, put forward the improvement measures and technique claim is an important content of project management, is also the inevitable link. Due to the construction site conditions, changes in the environment, the construction progress, the change of the price, as well as the terms of the contract, the change in the engineering, makes the emergence of the inevitable in the process of building engineering construction claims. Research of construction claim is in its infancy stage in our country, for the claim consciousness is still very weak for the method of claim, the claim of program specification, rigorous enough. But only good at using the claim construction enterprises to achieve better economic benefit. Construction claims is an important content of construction contract management, scientifically deal with construction claim is the contractor in accordance with the defence of their own interests, the essential means to obtain a reasonable remuneration. Paper from the Angle of the engineering contractors, the paper introduces the present situation and 武汉科技大学自考本科毕业论文 3 existing problems of construction claim. The basic principle for the contractor claims, this paper discusses the construction claim strategies and skills, in order to grasp the negotiations time, raise a claim the likelihood of success, realizing the maximization of profits. Key word: construction claims;claim damages the present

situation;strategy;technique 武汉科技大学自考本科毕业论文

4 目 录 摘 要.............................................................................................................1 Abstract............................................................................................................2 一、我国施工企业赔索现状..........................................................................6 （一）施工赔索的重要性..............................................................................6 （二）对我国施工企业赔索现状分析..........................................................6 1.法律法规不健全...........................................................................................6 2.我国企业对赔索认识不深...........................................................................7 3.承包商的处境...............................................................................................7 4.索赔经验及索赔实例资料的匮乏...............................................................7 5.人情关系比较严重.......................................................................................8 6.缺乏施工索赔的合同意识...........................................................................8 二、引起施工索赔产生的原因......................................................................9 （一）因合同文件理解的差异性引起施工索赔..........................................9 （二）业主应负的责任引起的索赔..............................................................9 （三）工程变更引起的索赔..........................................................................9 （四）工程建设项目的多变性引起的索赔..................................................10 三、施工索赔的技巧及防范..........................................................................11 （一）索赔的策略和索赔的技巧..................................................................11 1.创造条件进行变更索赔...............................................................................11 2.敢于索赔 懂得索赔.....................................................................................11 3.合理确定索赔金额的大小...........................................................................11 4.按时提交高质量的索赔报...........................................................................12 5.注意细节 灵活的提出索赔.........................................................................12 （二）加强对索赔的防范工作......................................................................12 1.严肃认真的对待投标报价...........................................................................13 2.加强施工质量管理.......................................................................................13 3.加强工程成本的核算与控制.......................................................................13 4.善于学习和总结...........................................................................................13