2022年考研考博-考博英语-浙江大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第42期
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2022年考研考博-考博英语-浙江大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题A friendship may be（）, casual, situational or deep and lasting.问题1选项A.identicalB.superficialC.criticalD.original【答案】B【解析】形容词词义辨析。
identical同一的，完全相同的；superficial表面的，肤浅的；critical批判的，爱挑剔的；original原始的，最初的。
句意：友谊可以是、随意的、情境性的，也可以是深刻而持久的。
根据句意可知填空处的词应与deep 和 lasting 意义相反，且与 casual 和 situational 意义相似，选项B符合语境。
2.单选题Since 1970, when Sultan Qaboos came to power and launched Om an’s development, poverty has been largely ( ) and modern medical care has been provided throughout the country.问题1选项A.eliminatedB.illuminatedC.limitedD.increased【答案】A【解析】eliminated消除，淘汰；illuminated启发。
句意：自1970年苏丹卡布斯掌权并开始阿曼的发展以来，贫困已基本消除，全国各地都提供了现代医疗服务。
选项A符合句意。
3.单选题Everyone experiences fear during major crisis — such as fires, automobile accidents, etc. Some people even feel very nervous when they fly in airplanes. No matter how hard they try, they cannot lower their anxiety. Some of them enjoy talking about their fears while others resent being asked to discuss their personal feelings. Many are aware that they feel anxious but only a few are conscious of the way they express their tension. Some people try to hide their nervousness: they try to disguise their anxiety by telling jokes. Others become loud and aggressive, attacking people by making them the butt of cruel jokes. Sometimes making someone else the target of jokes is an attempt to control one’s own fears —to master anxiety.A number of factors can be mentioned as important in explaining why some people have a fear of flying: early childhood experiences, general sense of security, fear of heights, trust in others, percentage of alcohol in blood, etc. The memory of a bad experience can sometimes trigger the same fear caused by that experience. Thus, a child might be frightened by the sight of a dog even though he is safe, merely because he once had a bad experience with a dog. A bad experience can be the cue that triggers our fears. But the crucial factor seems to be a feeling of no control.Usually we are able to suppress our feelings so that they do not affect our behavior. But sometimes the tension produced by our fears is so great that we cannot suppress it. At such time we need to discharge the tension by laughing or crying. By smiling foolishly and talking loudly, we are able to repress the rising feeling of fear so that it does not affect the way we behave.Because it is necessary to recognize a problem before it can be solved, admitting that we are afraid is an integral part of the process of mastering our fears.1.To make someone the butt of jokes means（）.2.What is the positive purpose of people’s telling jokes?3.To master anxiety means（）4.According to the author, which of the following is the most important factor triggering the feeling fear?5.According to the concluding paragraph, what is essential to go through the process of mastering one’s fears?问题1选项A.to make someone become the object of jokesB.to force someone to enjoy jokesC.to entitle someone to tell jokesD.to offend someone by jokes问题2选项A.To show one’s sense of humor.B.To control one’s own fears.C.To disguise their anxiety.D.To attack others.问题3选项A.to be familiar with tensionB.to hold back the feeling of uneasinessC.to conquer the feeling of nervousnessD.to be good at the subject of anxiety问题4选项A.The fear of heights.B.Early childhood experience.C.The general sense of security.D.A feeling of no control.问题5选项A.To be conscious of the way of mastering fears.B.To repress the rising feeling of fear.C.To admit the feeling of fears.D.To control one’s feelings.【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:C第4题:D第5题:C【解析】1.语义题。
根据第一段的倒数二三句“Some people try to hide their nervousness: they try to disguise their anxiety by telling jokes. Others become loud and aggressive, attacking people by making them the butt of cruel jokes. ”有些人试图通过讲笑话来掩饰他们的焦虑；另一些人则吵闹和好斗，攻击别人的方法是使人成为被取笑的对象。
所以the butt of jokes指：被人取笑的对象。
选项A符合原文。
2.细节归纳题。
根据第一段的最后一句“Som etimes making someone else the target of jokes is an attempt to control one’s own fears —to master anxiety.”有时让别人成为笑话的对象是为了控制自己的恐惧——控制焦虑。
选项B符合原文。
3.细节事实题。
根据第一段的最后一句“Sometimes making someone else the target of jokes is an attempt to control one’s own fear s —to master anxiety.”可知选项C符合原文。
4.细节判断题。
根据第二段最后一句“But the crucial factor seems to be a feeling of no control.”可知选项D符合原文。
5.根据最后一段的内容可知：在问题得以解决之前，有必要认识它，承认我们害怕是控制恐惧过程中不可分割的一部分。
选项C符合原文。
4.单选题Not all persons arrested and （） with a crime are guilty, and the main function of criminal courts is to determine who is guilty under the law.问题1选项A.sentencedB.accusedC.persecutedD.charged【答案】D【解析】固定搭配。
