被动语态的用法精讲作者：来源：《阅读与作文（英语初中版）》2014年第03期一、语态的概述：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
由上图可知：1. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
例如：Many people speak Chinese.说明：谓语speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
2.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
例如：Chinese is spoken by many people.说明：主语Chinese是动词speak的承受者。
【典型例题】【贵州贵阳中考】In order to make our hometown more beautiful， trees _______ around the city every year.A. plantB. are plantedC. will plant【答案】B【解析】考查动词语态的用法。
trees与plant存在着被动关系，应用动词的被动语态。
根据句意：为了我们的家乡更美丽，每年围着城市多种些树。
故选B。
二、被动语态的构成：“助动词be+过去分词”。
（时态在be动词上体现）【典型例题】1.【江苏泰州中考】—Do you like reading books？—Yes. Each of us to do more reading in and after class.A. are encouragedB. encourageC. is encouragedD. is encouraging【答案】C【解析】考查一般现在时被动语态。
意思是：我们每个人被鼓励，each做主语，谓语动词用单数形式，故选C。
2.【贵州遵义中考】Nick _______ a job in a bank， but to our surprise，he didn’t take it.A. offeredB. has offeredC. was offered【答案】C【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。
初中英语被动语态(精讲+精练)二、变被动句步骤1、把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语2、把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。
3、原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。
4、其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。
主动语态变为被动语态例句：一般现在时：主：We believe him. 被：He is believed by us.一般过去时：主：He bought his children some pens. 被：Some pens were bought for his children by him.一般将来时：主：Everyone will know the truth soon . 被：The truth will be known by everyone. 现在进行时：主：Mary is making a doll. 被：A doll is being made by Mary.过去进行时：主：They were carrying the hurt player. 被：The hurt player was being carried by them .现在完成时：主：He has received the letter. 被：The letter has been received by him. 过去完成时：主：They had built ten bridges. 被：Ten bridges had been built by them. 三、一般用法1.一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are +及物动词的过去分词Our classroom is cleaned everyday.很实用I am asked to study hard by my mother. Knives are used for cutting things.2.一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词The new shop was built last year. Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.3.现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been +及物动词的过去分词This book has been translated into many languages.Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 4.一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词A new hospital will be built in our city. Many more trees will be planted next year.5.含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词Young trees must be watered often.Your mistakes should be corrected right now. The door may be locked inside.Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.6.现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being +及物动词的过去分词Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→ My bike is being repaired by Tom now. They are planting trees over there. → Trees are being planted over there by them. 7.不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词There are two books to be read. → There are twenty more trees to be planted. 四、特殊用法1.不及物动词无被动语态。
高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的特殊情况与应用被动语态在英语中是一个非常常见且重要的语法点。
它经常用来描述一个动作的接受者或者受害者，而不是执行者。
在被动语态的基本情况下，我们需要使用"be + 过去分词"的形式构建句子。
然而，在某些情况下，被动语态会存在一些特殊的应用以及使用上的注意事项。
本文将对这些特殊情况进行归纳总结，以及在学习被动语态时需要特别注意的内容。
一、特殊情况1. 直接宾语变主语在被动语态中，直接宾语常常会转变为句子的主语。
通常，我们将及物动词后的宾语作为主语，而将原主语置于介词"by"之后。
例如: Active: They make cars in this factory.Passive: Cars are made in this factory (by them).在以上例子中，"cars"从主动语态中变为了被动语态的主语，而"they"则放在了介词"by"之后。
2. 间接宾语在有间接宾语的情况下，我们通常将间接宾语置于介词"to"之后。
例如:Active: They gave me a book.Passive: I was given a book (by them).在这个例子中，"me"从直接宾语变为了被动语态的主语，并放在了介词"by"之后。
3. 及物动词与介词短语有一些及物动词后面跟着介词短语，当它们转换为被动语态时，介词会移到句子的末尾。
例如:Active: He took care of his brother.Passive: His brother was taken care of (by him).在这个例子中，"of his brother"变为了被动语态中的介词短语，并放在了句子末尾。
被动语态中的特殊情况被动语态是英语语法中的一个重要部分，它用来强调动作的接受者而不是执行者。
在大部分情况下，我们可以很容易地转换主动语态为被动语态，只需将动作的执行者放在by后作为被动语态的主语，而原主语则变成被动语态的宾语。
然而，有些情况下，被动语态的转换并不十分直观，本文将讨论被动语态中的几种特殊情况。
一、动词不及物在被动语态中，大部分情况下我们需要一个及物动词（transitive verb）才能正确转换为被动语态。
及物动词是指需要一个宾语才能成立的动词。
然而，有些动词是不及物动词（intransitive verb），它们无法直接转换为被动语态。
例如：主动语态：He sleeps eight hours every night.被动语态：（不可转换）在这个例子中，动词sleep是不及物动词，因此无法转换为被动语态。
在这种情况下，我们需要使用其他方式来传达类似的含义。
二、形容词和副词在一些情况下，我们可以使用形容词或副词来表达被动语态的含义，而无需使用被动语态的结构。
例如：主动语态：The book is interesting.被动语态：The book is interested in.在这个例子中，我们使用形容词interested来替代被动语态的结构，并传达了同样的含义。
同时，有些副词也可以用来表示被动语态的意思。
例如，actively可以用来表示被动地接受动作，而passively则可以用来表示主动地执行动作。
三、某些动词的特殊用法有一些动词在被动语态中有着特殊的用法。
1. get和haveget和have可以与过去分词形式结合，并表示被动的含义。
例如：主动语态：She gets her car washed every week.被动语态：Her car gets washed every week.主动语态：He had his house painted last year.被动语态：His house was painted last year.2. keep和leavekeep和leave可以与过去分词形式结合，并表示保持或保留的被动含义。
