(完整word版)初中英语被动语态(精讲+精练).pdf

被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者例1：English is spoken by many people. (主语English是动词speak的承受者。

)例2：This English song is sung by Millie. (主语this English song是动词sing发出的，即sing这个动作的承受者。

)(二) 被动语态的用法1. 不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。

Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。

(不知道电脑是谁偷的)This book was published in 1981. 这本书出版于1981年。

(没有必要或说出出版者)2. 强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。

The window was broken by mike. 窗户是迈克打破的。

The tiger was killed by him.老虎被他杀死了。

3. 当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态。

The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。

The whole village has been washed away by the flood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。

4. 表示客观的说明常用“It is + 过去分词”句型。

It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.据说露茜已经出国了。

It is believed that he is a spy. 大家相信他是个间谍。

(三) 被动语态的构成被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

注：不及物动词本身没有被动语态。

人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。

及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。

不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。

(四) 主动句变成被动句主动变被动的基本“三部曲”1.变宾为主：即变主动语态的动词宾语为被动语态的主语，当宾语为人称代词的时候，注意宾格和主格的转换。

初中被动语态语法讲解(一)语态分类英语动词有两种语态.，主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。

(二)被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。

以give 为例，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + done 一般过去时：was / were + done一般将来时：shall / will + be done 一般过去将来时：should / would + be done现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时：was / were + being + done现在完成时：have / has + been + done 过去完成时：had + been + done将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done 过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done ［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。

(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态1. 一般现在时：(1)People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country.(2)The school doesn't allow us to enter lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter lab without a teacher. 2. 一般过去时：(1)They agreed on building a new car factory last month. a new car building factory was agreed on last month.(2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten3. 一般将来时：(1)They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea.(2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.5. 现在进行时：(1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons. English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.(2) We are painting the rooms. The rooms are being painted.6. 过去进行时：(1)The workers were mending the road. The road was being mended.(2)This time last year we were planting trees here. Trees were being planted here this time last year.7. 现在完成时：(1)Someone has told me the meeting might be put off.I have been told the meeting might be put off.(2)He has brought his book here. His book has been brought here.(四）含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。

（完整版）初中英语被动语态语法及练习题（有答案）语态概述1.一般现在时:am/is/are+spoken2. 一般过去时:was/were+spoken3. 一般将来时:will/shall be+spoken4. 现在进行时:am/is/are being+spoken5. 过去进行时:was/were being+spoken6. 现在完成时:have/has been+spoken7. 过去完成时:had been + spoken主动语态变被动语态的方法(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。

(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。

例如:All the people laughed at him.He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory.The bikes are made by them in the factory.含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由"情态动词+be+过去分词"构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后"to"仍要保留。

We can repair this watch in two days.This watch can be repaired in two days.They should do it at once.It should be done at once.特殊情况3. 主动表被动：1、Need, want, require（要求，需要）, deserve(应得，值得), be worth值得），not bear(经不住) 后面接doing主动表被动。

The Passive Voice被动语态一、被动语态的构成形式1.被动语态的基本时态变化1)am/is/are +done (过去分词 ) 一般现在时2） has /have been done现在完成时3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时4） was/were done 一般过去时5） had been done 过去完成时6） was/were being done 过去进行时7） shall/will be done 一般将来时8） should/would be done 过去将来时2.被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。

其形式为：情态动词＋ be ＋过去分词。

例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.2)有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。

例His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改为 He was given a present by his mother for hisbirthday.3)当“动词 +宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。

例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.可改为 The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4）在使役动词 have, make,let以及感官动词 see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式 to 要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加 to。

例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.可改为 A stranger was seento walk into the building.5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。

九年级英语语法丨被动语态精讲精练一、主动语态变被动语态口诀：宾提前变主,被动be加done,主变介by宾，时态不用变。

About three quarters of the people in the world speak English（主动句）世界上大约有四分之三的人说英语→English is spoken by about 3/4 of the people in the world（被动句）.二.含双宾语的主动句变被动句口诀:如遇双宾语，最好变间宾，如若变直宾，be done后加to(或for )[指人的为间接宾语，指物的为直接宾语]1.He gave me a book yesterday(主动)昨天他给了我一本书。

→①I was given a book by him yesterday.②A book was given to me by him yesterday.昨天他给了我一本书。

2.My father bought me a laptop.我父亲给我买了一台笔记本电脑。

→①l was bought a laptop by my father.②A laptop was bought for me by my father.三. 十大动词变被动语态口诀:十大动词真奇怪，to来to去令人猜,主动句中to离去,被动句中to回来。

(let常不用于被动语态)“十大动词“指: feel，hear/ listen，have/make/Iet，look/watch/ see/ notice。

(一感二听三让四看）这十个动词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不加to，但变为被动句时必须加to. The teacher watched her play the Piano(主) →She was wtached to play the piano by the teacher.老师看着她弹钢琴四、各种时态的被动语态①一般现在时:is/am/are十done (及物动词的过去分词) English is spoken all over the world.全世界都说英语②一般过去时: was/were +doneThe electric light was invented by Edison.电灯是爱迪生发明的。

动词语态They speak English.他们讲英语。

主语“他们”是“讲”这一行为的执行者，是主动句，动词用主动语态来表示；English is spoken by them.英语由他们讲。

主语“英语”是“讲”的承受者，是被动句，动词用被动语态的形式。

He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。

〔主动语态〕The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。

〔被动语态〕一、被动语态的构成1、助动词be+(及物动词的)过去分词构成动词的被动语态的形式。

助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样。

二、主动语态变被动语态1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：〔1〕将主动句的宾语变为主语：注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。

如：Tom killed him. →He was killed by Tom.主动结构的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语，放在被动结构中谓语动词之后。

在动作的执行者无须说明或不必要强调时，by短语可以省略。

主动语态、被动语态两种时态要保持一致。

〔2〕将动词改为"be+过去分词"。

They held a meeting yesterday. →A meeting was held by them yesterday.他们昨天开会了。

〔3〕将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。

注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。

He sang a song. → A song was sung by him.2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。

We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack.三、各种时态的被动语态1.一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词We are taught English by her.由她教我们英语。

被动语态精讲精练（一）一、被动语态概述语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。

英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。

汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。

主动：We clean our classroom every day.被动：Our classroom is cleaned (by us) every day.二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be的适当形式+及物动词的过去分词”构成。

被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变，疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。

2、各种时态的被动语态举例。

1．一般现在时（am/ is/ are +done）English is spoken by lots of people in the world.Class meeting ________ _________(hold) every Thursday.He _______ _________ (regard) as brilliant by people.2．一般过去时(was/ were +done)The cup was broken by the boy.He ______ ______ (save) at last.My bike _________ ______ (steal).3．一般将来时(will/ shall be +done)A speech will be given this afternoon.A new road ______ ________ ________ (build) next year.The truth ________ _________ _________ (know) by everyone.4．现在进行时(am/ is/ are being +done)The problem is being discussed now.A bus ________ __________ _________ (push) by the passengers.Two reservoirs ________ ________ _________ (build) at the same time.5．现在完成时(have/ has been + done)Two hundred trees have been planted by now.The book _______ ________ __________(read) many times by me.Several soldiers _________already _________ _________(kill) in the conflict.6．过去完成时(had been + done)They said they had been invited to the party.She found the house _________ ________ __________ (destroy) by the storm.He _______ _________ ________ (torture) by the illness for many years before he died.7. 过去将来时（would be +done)I thought thousands of people would be helped.He did not say that the equipment_________ _________ __________ (change)She never thought that the information _________ _________ ________ (bring) to her so early.8. 过去进行时(was/ were being +done)The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday.The hurt player ________ ________ _________ (carry) by them .We could not get through because the 19th Road ________ ________ _________ (repair).三、含有情态动词的被动语态情态动词的被动语态结构为“情态动词+be动词原形+过去分词”，其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，“be+过去分词”部分不变。

被动语态一、考点、热点回顾【词汇辨析】1.across, through 穿过across指从一定范围的一边到另一边。

动作是在物体的表面进行。

常用于横穿街道、河流，穿过桥梁等。

eg: They walk across the bridge. 他们步行走过了这座桥。

through 侧重从物体的内部空间穿过，动作是在物体内部进行。

常用于门、窗户、森林等。

eg: He walks through the park. 他步行穿过公园。

2.ill，sick“生病的”。

ill只在系动词后作表语eg: Her mother was ill in bed.sick 既可作表语eg: Her mother was sick in bed.也可作定语eg: Jane is taking care of her sick mother.若ill作定语，译为“坏的，恶劣的”eg: an ill person一个坏人sick作表语时也常译为“恶心的，想吐的“eg: The boy always feels sick when he travels by car.【固定搭配】动词+ 名词/ 代词/ 副词+ 介词make room for给.....腾出地方eg: We can make room for her at this table.play a joke on戏弄人；对人恶作剧eg: We can’t play a joke on law.speak highly of称赞eg: The customs speak highly of their quality of service.say good bye to告别；告辞eg:I don't want to say good bye to them.take an active part in积极参加eg: They take an active part in school activities.take care of照顾；照料；注意eg: Could you take care of my plants while I'm on vacation?【被动语态】（一）语态：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。

初中被动语态精讲精练一、语态：英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

如：He wrote the novel. People grow rice in the south of China。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者.如：The novel was written by him. Rice is grown in the south of China。

二、主动语态和被动语态的转换1.一般情况下,主动语态变被动语态1）.把原句的宾语改成主语，若主动句中的宾语是人称代词,要将宾格变成主格。

2）把原句的主语变宾语，若主动句中的主语是人称代词，要将主格变成宾格,用by引出来.3) 谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。

人们说英语.People speak English in many countries。

英语被说。

English is spoken in many countries..我们造这座桥.We built this bridge last year。

这座桥被建造。

This bridge was built last year.三、各个时态的被动语态的结构初中英语教材中出现了8种时态的被动语态及带有情态动词的被动语态。

1.一般现在时: do/does—-—am/is/are doneWe clean the classroom.-——--Our classroom is cleaned every day。

Many countries speak English。

-—— _____________________________________We clean our classroom every day。

-—-________________________________________Does you plant many trees every year？-—- _____________________________________2。

初中英语被动语态深度讲解、练习及答案（一）语态的基本概念和种类语态是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。

所以英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。

语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。

主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。

如：They built the bridge.The bridge was built by them.(二)被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。

现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。

一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught一般过去时：was／were＋taught一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught过去进行时：have／has been＋taught现在完成时：have／has been＋taught歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。

情态动词的被动语态是常考的一个知识点：情态动词+be+过去分词(三)被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

例如：Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。

(不知道电脑是谁偷的)This book was published in 1981. 这本书出版于1981年。

(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。

例如：the window was broken by Mike. 窗户是迈克打破的。

This book was written by him. 这本书是他写的。

Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed. 每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。

（四）主动语态变被动语态的方法与注意事项(1) 通常的办法是：将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语，将主动结构中的谓语动词变为“be / get +过去分词”形式，将主动结构中的主语变为介词by的宾语(若动作的执行者没有必要说明则可以省略该by短语)。

九年级英语语法丨被动语态精讲精练一、主动语态变被动语态口诀：宾提前变主,被动be加done,主变介by宾，时态不用变。

About three quarters of the people in the world speak English（主动句）世界上大约有四分之三的人说英语→English is spoken by about 3/4 of the people in the world（被动句）.二.含双宾语的主动句变被动句口诀:如遇双宾语，最好变间宾，如若变直宾，be done后加to(或for )[指人的为间接宾语，指物的为直接宾语]1.He gave me a book yesterday(主动)昨天他给了我一本书。

→①I was given a book by him yesterday.②A book was given to me by him yesterday.昨天他给了我一本书。

2.My father bought me a laptop.我父亲给我买了一台笔记本电脑。

→①l was bought a laptop by my father.②A laptop was bought for me by my father.三. 十大动词变被动语态口诀:十大动词真奇怪，to来to去令人猜,主动句中to离去,被动句中to回来。

(let常不用于被动语态)“十大动词“指: feel，hear/ listen，have/make/Iet，look/watch/ see/ notice。

(一感二听三让四看）这十个动词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不加to，但变为被动句时必须加to. The teacher watched her play the Piano(主) →She was wtached to play the piano by the teacher.老师看着她弹钢琴四、各种时态的被动语态①一般现在时:is/am/are十done (及物动词的过去分词) English is spoken all over the world.全世界都说英语②一般过去时: was/were +doneThe electric light was invented by Edison.电灯是爱迪生发明的。

被动语态语法专项解说与训练教案合用者：宋潇(一 ) 语态分类：英语动词分主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的履行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

Tom( 执) cleans(谓动 ) the room(承) every day.(主动 )The room( 承 ) is cleaned(谓动 ) by Tom(执) every day.(被动 )被动语态构造：助动词be + 动词的过去分词 done，即 be done ，常译为“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动关系。

(二) 被动语态的用法(1)动作的履行者很显然。

这时常常不用 by 短语。

Word processing skills are taught in our computer lessons.(2)不知道或没有必需说明动作的履行者是谁。

Some new computers were stolen last night.(3)突出或重申换作的承受者。

假如需要说出动作的履行者，用by 短语。

The window was broken by Mike.窗户是迈克打破的。

(三) 被动语态的时态变化：经过助动词be 的各样时态变化来表现， done 不变。

注意主语的单、复数变化。

以 do 为例，掌握以下时态的被动构造，形式变化以下：1．一般此刻时： am / is / are + done2．一般过去时： was / were + done3．一般未来时： shall / will + be done am/is/are going to be done4．此刻达成时： have / has + been + done5．神态动词：can/may/must/should/have to be done以下时态的被动语态作一般认识：此刻进行时： am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时： was / were + being + done过去达成时： had + been + done过去未来时：should / would + be done(四) 主动语态变被动语态的方法My aunt invited me to her dinner party.履行者动词承受者→I was invited(by my aunt ) to her dinner party.承受者谓语by+履行者1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

中考被动语态讲练英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,2. 或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。

被动语态结构：be + 过去分词(PP) + (by …)在改写中应注意：1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;2.把动词变成“be + 过去分词”;Eg.Some people attacked the towers.S V OThe towers were attacked by some people.S V1) A car knocked him down yesterday.-He was knocked down by a car yesterday．2)Two doctors and ten nurses make up the medical team．The medical team is made up of by two…．3)When I got there, they were cutting up a fallen tree．A fallen tree was being cut up, when I got there.4)We’ll put on the play next Sunday．The play will be put on next Sunday．5)Workers are building a new teaching building in our school．A new teaching building is being built by workers in our school．6)They had completed the railway by the end of last year．The railway had been completed by the end of last year．7)We should protect the earth．The earth should be protected．8)You need to paint the wall．The wall needs to be painted．几种特殊结构1.My uncle gave me a gift on my birthday．I was given a gift on my birthday．A gift was given to me on my birthday.2.We often hear him play guitar．He is often heard to play guitar注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make, listen to, look at等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带to。

被1被的组成一般在在行一般未来在达成情在am am will +be+p.p.have(has)情态动词构 is+p.p.is+being+p.p.am+been+p.p.+be+p.p 成are are is+going to+ be + p.p.are去一般去去行去将来去达成was+p.p.was would +be+p.p.had +been+p.p.构 were+being+p.p.was成were+going to+be+p.p.were(1) 被的用法：① 不知道是作的行者( 即不知道做 )用被 ,省略 by 短。

如：A man was killed in the accident. / This window was broken yesterday .②不或许尽人皆知是做,用被 ,省略 by 短。

如：Rice is also grown in this place. A railroad will be built here in three years .③ 作的蒙受者,句尾加 by 短。

如：It was written by Lu Xun. A pet dog is never killed by its owner注意点：① “ +接 +直接”改被 ,能够用接做被句的主。

也能够用直接做被句的主,可是需用 to 或许 for 引出原句的接：His teacher gave him a dictionary.→He was given a dictionary by his teacher .. → A dictionary was given to him by his teacher.．．His father made him a kite.→ Awaskite made for him by his father .．．② “ ++原形”改被 ,原形前要加to.The boss made the poor man work 12 hours a day.→ The waspoormademan to work 12 hours a day．．③ “ +⋯+介”改被,介一般在原位不。

初中英语被动语态专项讲解一、语态概述语态是动词的一种形式，表示句子之中主语和谓语动词的关系。

英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的发出者（或执行者）eg：Manypeople speak Chinese.谓语：speak 的动作是由主语many people来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。

eg：people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。

二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。

人称、数和时态的变化是通过表现出来的。

（被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由助动词或第一个助动词构成。

各种时态的被动语态构成：1. 一般现在时：am/is / are +及物动词的过去分词Eg： rm asked to take care of myself.Football is played all over the world2. 一般过去时：was/were +及物动词的过去分词Eg： This house was built in 1958.His leg was broke n in an accide nt.3. 一般将来时：will /shall be +及物动词的过去分词Eg： More factories will be built in our city.He will be take n to hospital tomorrow.4. 现在进行时：am/is / are being +及物动词的过去分词.Eg： A road is being built around the mountain.Many new houses are being built in this city5. 过去进行时：was/were being +及物动词的过去分词Eg： The meeting was being held when I was there.We were being trained this time last year.6. 现在完成时：have/ has been +及物动词的过去分词Eg： His book has been translated into many foreign Ianguages.The prices of many goods have bee n cut aga in .7. 过去完成时：had been +及物动词的过去分词Eg： A new school had been set up by the end of last year.8. 含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词Eg： The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.三、被动语态的基本用法一般来说，在我们日常生活中，能用主动语态的时候就尽量不去用被动语态。