初中英语被动语态精讲

初中被动语态语法讲解初中被动语态语法讲解(一) 语态分类英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

如：They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。

(二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。

不同时态的被动语态，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + done一般过去时：was / were + done一般将来时：shall / will + be done一般过去将来时：should / would + be done现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done过去进行时：was / were + being + done现在完成时：have / has + been + done过去完成时：had + been + done将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。

(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态1. 一般现在时：(1)People grow rice in the south of the country.Rice is grown in the south of the country.(2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.2. 一般过去时：(1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.(2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily.His lessons were not easily forgotten3. 一般将来时：(1)They will send cars abroad by sea.Cars will be sent abroad by sea.(2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.4. 过去将来时：(1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year.The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.(2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.5. 现在进行时：(1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons.English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.(2) We are painting the rooms.The rooms are being painted.6. 过去进行时：(1)The workers were mending the road.The road was being mended.(2)This time last year we were planting trees here.Trees were being planted here this time last year.7. 现在完成时：(1)Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.(2)He has brought his book here.His book has been brought here.8. 过去完成时：(1)When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.(2) People had considered him to be a great leader.He had been considered to be a great leader(四）含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。

初中中的被动语态用法详解被动语态是英语中一个常用的语法结构，包含了及物动词的被动形式。

初中阶段，学生们需要逐渐掌握被动语态的用法。

本文将详细介绍初中中的被动语态用法。

一、被动语态的基本构成被动语态的基本构成由be动词的适当形式+过去分词构成。

be动词的形式根据句子的时态和主语的人称而定。

过去分词则根据动词的一般过去时的变化规则。

例如：- The car is repaired.（句子时态：一般现在时）- The car was repaired.（句子时态：一般过去时）- The car will be repaired.（句子时态：一般将来时）二、被动语态的用法1. 没有明确的执行者在被动语态中，我们强调动作的接受者而非执行者。

有时，在句子中并没有明确指出执行动作的人或事物。

例如：- The window was broken.（窗户被打破了。

）- The book will be published next month.（这本书将在下个月出版。

）2. 隐藏执行者在某些情况下，句子中刻意隐藏了动作的执行者。

例如：- The cake was eaten.（蛋糕被吃了。

）3. 顺序执行之动作被动语态常用于描述一系列按照一定顺序执行的动作。

例如：- The eggs are washed, peeled, and then boiled.（鸡蛋洗净、剥皮，然后煮熟。

）4. 惯用表达被动语态在某些固定的表达方式中也得到了广泛使用。

例如：- The decision was made.（决定已经做出。

）- The question was answered.（问题已经回答。

）三、主动语态与被动语态的转换在主动语态与被动语态之间进行转换时，需注意以下几点：1. 意义的改变：动作的焦点转移到了接受者身上，原主语成为了新的宾语；2. 动词形式的变化：be动词的形式和动词的过去分词形式相关；3. 语态的时态保持一致：主动语态的时态与被动语态的时态保持一致。

一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。

以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为：1) am/is/are +done （过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2) has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have bee n completed, and we’re ready to start.3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here．4） was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer。

5） had been done 过去完成时例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6） was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there.7） shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes。

8） should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）例The project will have been completed before July。

初中英语被动语态用法总结一、语态概述我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。

正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。

英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。

例如：Many people speak English.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。

巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。

例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。

例如：He opened the door.他开了门。

(主动句)The door was opened.门被开了。

(被动句)二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

不及物动词本身没有被动语态。

及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。

不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。

人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。

现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。

一般现在时：am／is／are＋eaten一般过去时：was／were＋eaten一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋eaten过去将来时：would/should/be going to be＋eaten 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋eaten过去进行时：was／were being＋eaten现在完成时：have／has been＋eaten过去完成时：had been＋eaten歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。

现以动词clean为例列表说明：被动语态的句式变化：以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化：三、被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

初中被动语态全解主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

一．被动语态的时态：be +动词的过去分词1.一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态：was /were +动词的过去分词3.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词语态表示主语和谓语的关系。

语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。

如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态，如：We speak Chinese in China.在中国我们说汉语;如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态,如：Chinese is spoken by us in China.在中国汉语被我们说。

A.一般现在时的被动语态结构： is /am/are +及物动词的过去分词+其它+by sb.1．Football （play） all over the world。

2．Many trees （plant） in North China.3．Rice （grow） in South China.4．A camera （use） for taking photos5．I often （ask）to do this work.B.一般过去时的被动语态结构：was /were+及物动词的过去分词＋其它+by sb.1.The house （build） in 1978.2．All the students ____________ (ask) to bring a kite with them last Sunday3．The car (clean) by Dad yesterday.4．I （tell）to wait for him right here.5. When the present （give）to him by his mother？C.含有情态动词的被动语态结构：情态动词can / may / must / should + be + 及物动词的过去分词+其它+by sb.1. Chocolate may (send) to him as a present.Computers should （look）after well.3. Can this kind of machine （mend）by Uncle Wang?4. No stars can （see） in the day-time by us.5. Must the old people ____________ (speak) to politely?一选择题()1.The letter is _______ in French.I can't read it.A. writingB. written B. wrote D. writes()2.Today,too many trees are still _____ in the world.A.cutting downB.cut downC.being cut downD.cutted down()3.English _____ in many countries,A.is spoken,B.speaks,C.is spean,D.speak,()4.This kind of apple ______ in Jinzhou.A.is grownB.growC.grewD.are grown()5. Don't worry.All the children ________ by the nurse.A. are well taken care ofB. take good care ofC.are taken good careD. take good care ()6. These young trees must ______ after well.A.lookB.looks afterC.be lookedD.looked()10.Keys are used for _____ doors.A.lockB.lockedC.lockingD.locks()11.The greenhouse(温室) should be _____ glass.A.made ofB.made fromC.made intoD.made in()12.Sorry, all the vegetables ______. Please come tomorrow.A.sells wellB.have sold outC.have been sold outD.are selling()13.The man is badly hurt. He _____ to the hospital.A.has sentB.has been sentC.sentD.has sent for()14.A big cinema ______ in our town next year.A.will buildB.is builtC.will be builtD.has built()15.This book _____ by a famous writer many years ago.A. writesB. is writtenC. was writenD. was written()16.In China the money ______ to children for good luck by their parents or other senior in Spring FestivalA.givesB.is givenC.are givenD.give。

被动语态语法精讲及练习英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（The Active Voice）和被动语态（The Passive Voice）。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，例如：Many people speak English . (主动语态)English is spoken by many people. (被动语态)基本形式：be ＋ved(及物动词的过去分词)被动语态的用法：1）当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。

This jacket is made of cotton.English is spoken in many countries in the world.2) 强调动作的承受者时。

The boy was saved at last. 这个男孩最后得救了。

一、主动语态变被动语态的步骤:主动句: The boy broke the window yesterday.被动句: The window was broken by the boy yesterday.步骤一：原句中的宾语the window变成主语。

步骤二：谓语动词broke改为被动形式：was broken步骤三：原句中的主语The boy放在介词by的后面。

步骤四：其他成分如：yesterday不变。

口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓语动词be+V.pp二、主动语态变被动语态的时态的变化：各种时态的主动语态和被动语态谓语结构对照表时态主动语态被动语态be+V.pp1 一般现在时do/does am/is/are+过去分词2 一般过去时Did was/were+过去分词3 含情态动词情态动词+动词原形情态动词+be+过去分词4 一般将来时will/be going to+动词原形will/be going to+be+过去分词5 过去将来时would+动词原形would+be+过去分词6 现在进行时am/is/are+现在分词am/is/are+being+过去分词7 过去进行时was/were+现在分词Was/were+being+过去分词8 现在完成时have/has+过去分词have/has+been+过去分词9 过去完成时had+过去分词had been+过去分词注：中考一般只考一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时以及情态动词的被动语态，其余只作拓展学习。

初三被动语态精讲精练一、被动语态基本用法主动语态当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。

例如：Many people speak English.谓语speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。

被动语态当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。

被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。

例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。

二、常用时态的被动语态构成形式(以play为例)时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时play/plays am/is/are + played 一般过去时played was/were + played 一般将来时will play will be + played现在完成时has/have played has/have been + played 现在进行时am/is/are playing am/is/are being + played 情态动词情态动词+ play 情态动词+ be + played 一般现在时：am / is / are + doneYou are wanted on the phone. 有你的电话。

一般过去时：was / were + doneChina was liberated in 1949.1949年中国解放。

一般将来时：will / shall be + doneThe problem will be discussed tomorrow. 明天将对这个问题进行讨论。

现在完成时：have / has been + doneNot a book in the library has been taken away.图书馆里没有一本书被人拿走。

现在进行时：am / is / are being + doneMy bike is being repaired. 我的自行车正在修理。

初中英语被动语态解说英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的履行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的蒙受者。

一、被动语态的组成英语动词的被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词组成。

助动词be一定与主语的人称和数目保持一致，态的变化。

比如：The man was fooled by the two boys.The book has been translated into several languages.二、被动语态的用法（ 1）动作的履行者不知道是谁或难以说明经常用被动语态。

比如：并有时Street lights are often turned on at six in winter.The new test book will be used next term.（ 2）当动作的蒙受者比起动作的履行者来说更能惹起人们的关怀而需要加以重申时，要用被动语态。

比如：This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop.The thief was caught by a policeman yesterday.（ 3）含有双宾语的句子，主动句中的间接宾语或许直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语，另一个保存不变。

变为主语的假如主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to 或 for。

比如： The pianist gave the pupils( 间接宾语 )some advice(直接宾语 )→The pupils were given some advice by the pianist. → Some advice was given to the pupils by the pianist.(4)在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch 、hear、feel 等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式不加to。

初中英语被动语态一、概念：表示动作与主语之间是关系的句子是被动语态。

二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“＋”构成。

人称、数和时态的变化是通过的变化表现出来的。

三、几种常见时态被动语态的构成：“被动语态字变，跟后面”一般现在时：一般过去时：一般将来时：现在完成时：含有情态动词：四、主动语态变被动语态的方法(1)把主动语态的变为被动语态的。

(2)把变成被动结构( )(3)把主动语态中的放在介词by之后作宾语，将格改为格。

例如：All the people laughed at him. He at by all people. They make the bikes in China. The bikes by them in China. We visited that factory last summer. →主动语态主语谓语宾语状语That factory was visited by us last summer →被动语态主语谓语宾语状语四、如何正确使用被动语态I often hear her sing this popular song.（主动语态）She often this popular song.（被动语态）1、在感；听，；让，，；看，，，；帮助；发现等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带，但改成被动语态后都必须带。

宾补动词真奇怪，to在句中像妖怪。

主动句中to走开，被动句中to回来。

2、有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。

如：(1)The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。

(2)This kind of phone sell well. 这种电话很畅销。

被动语态一、概念：英语的动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

二、使用范围：①不知道或不必指出动作的执行者These books are written for children. / We were asked to sing a song.②强调动作的承受者，这时可带有by引起的短语。

More trees must be planted by us next year.A new machine was invented by Uncle Wang last month.③当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态The whole village was washed away by the flood.④表示客观的说明常用“It’s +过去分词”句型。

It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.这类句型有：It’s said that ….据说……It’s reported that….据报道……It’s believed that….大家相信……三、被动语态的构成方式：be+p.p.(过去分词)四、各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比五、主动语态的句子变成被动语态的句子的方法：1）找出原句的主、谓、宾；2）把原句的宾语变成主语；3）根据新主语的单复数和原句的时态把谓语动词变为被动语态的形式；4）把原句的主语变为by的宾语（代词用宾格），有时可省略。

We Visited that factory last summer →主动语态主语谓语宾语状语That factory was visited （by us）last summer →被动语态主语谓语宾语状语六、被动语态注意事项：1、有些动词在主动结构中，后面接不带to的不定式，但如果改为被动，则需把省略的to 加上，这类动词有（let, make, have, help）和（feel, see, hear, watch, look at, listen to），例如：I saw him climb up the hill. →He was seen to climb up the hill.We heard him sing in his room just now. →He was heard to sing in his room just now.2、主动语态中若有两个宾语（间宾和直宾），变为被动语态时，只将其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个宾语不变。

动词语态英语的语态是通过动词的形式表现出来的，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系，英语的动词有两种语态形式，即主动语态和被动语态。

如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语动词用主动语态。

如果主语是动作的对象，谓语动词用被动语态。

如：They speak English.他们讲英语。

主语“他们”是“讲”这一行为的执行者，是主动句，动词用主动语态来表示；English is spoken by them.英语由他们讲。

主语“英语”是“讲”的承受者，是被动句，动词用被动语态的形式。

He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。

（主动语态）The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。

（被动语态）一．被动语态的构成1、助动词be+(及物动词的)过去分词构成动词的被动语态的形式。

助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样。

二．主动语态变被动语态1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：（1）将主动句的宾语变为主语：注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。

如：Tom killed him. →He was killed by Tom.主动结构的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语，放在被动结构中谓语动词之后。

在动作的执行者无须说明或不必要强调时，by短语可以省略。

主动语态、被动语态两种时态要保持一致。

（2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。

They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday.他们昨天开会了。

（3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。

注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。

He sang a song. →A song was sung by him.2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：含有双宾语，即直接宾语（常指事物）和间接宾语（常指人）的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。

初中英语语法专题讲义：被动语态1. 什么是被动语态？被动语态是英语的一种语法形式，表示主语是动作的承受者，而不是动作执行者的语态。

被动语态的组成方式为：be动词 + 过去分词。

举个例子：主动语态：The cat ate the fish. （猫吃了鱼。

）被动语态：The fish was eaten by the cat. （鱼被猫吃了。

）2. 被动语态的构成被动语态的构成方式如下：- 一般现在时：am/is/are + 过去分词- 一般过去时：was/were + 过去分词- 现在进行时：am/is/are being + 过去分词- 过去进行时：was/were being + 过去分词- 现在完成时：have/has been + 过去分词- 过去完成时：had been + 过去分词3. 被动语态的用法被动语态主要用于以下几种情况：- 当不知道或不关心动作的执行者时。

- 当强调动作的承受者时。

- 当动作的执行者是显而易见的时。

举个例子：When were you born? （你什么时候出生的？）→ When was he born？（他什么时候出生的？）The book was written by her. （这本书是她写的。

）The cake was made by my mother. （这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。

）4. 注意事项在考虑是否使用被动语态时，需要注意以下几点：- 主动语态比被动语态更加直接和生动。

- 使用被动语态时，需要确保句子的主语是动作的承受者。

- 需要适当地使用被动语态，不要过度使用。

5. 练题将下列主动语态改写为被动语态。

1. The teacher explains the grammar rules.3. We have finished the homework.4. The children are painting the wall.答案：1. The grammar rules are explained by the teacher.3. The homework has been finished by us.4. The wall is being painted by the children.。

被动语态一、概念：语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。

语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。

如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。

二、主动句变为被动句的步骤：1.把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语2.把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。

3.原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。

4.其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。

三、被动语态的用法：1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词We clean our classroom every day.My mother asks me to study hard.2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词A new shop was built last year.3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词This book has been translated into many languages.Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词A new hospital will be built in our city.Many more trees will be planted next year.5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词Young trees must be watered often. Your mistakes should be corrected right now.The door may be locked inside.Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词7. 不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词There are two books to be read.There are twenty more trees to be planted.3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。

李咏梅初中被动语态讲义一、被动语态的概念和用法1.1 被动语态的定义被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构，用来表示主语是动作的承受者，而不是动作的执行者。

在被动语态中，谓语动词通常由be动词和过去分词构成。

1.2 被动语态的用法被动语态在英语中的使用非常广泛，它可以用来强调动作的承受者或者不知道动作的执行者是谁。

同时，被动语态还可以使句子更加客观，避免使用主动语态时的语义歧义。

二、被动语态的构成和变化2.1 被动语态的构成被动语态的构成需要使用be动词的不同形式加上过去分词。

be动词的形式根据时态和人称的不同而变化，而过去分词则是根据动词的不同形式来确定。

2.2 被动语态的变化被动语态的变化包括时态、人称和数的变化。

根据不同的语境，被动语态可以使用各种不同的时态，如一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时等。

同时，根据句子的主语是单数还是复数，被动语态的动词形式也会相应变化。

三、被动语态的使用技巧3.1 强调动作的承受者被动语态可以用来强调动作的承受者，使句子更加客观和中立。

通过使用被动语态，我们可以将注意力集中在动作的承受者身上，突出其重要性。

3.2 避免语义歧义有时候，使用主动语态可能会导致语义上的歧义，而使用被动语态可以避免这种情况的发生。

被动语态可以清晰地表达动作的执行者和承受者，避免造成误解。

3.3 提高表达的灵活性使用被动语态可以使句子的表达更加灵活多样。

在某些情况下，使用被动语态可以使句子更加委婉客观，避免使用主动语态时可能带来的冒犯或不适。

3.4 增加句子的变化性使用被动语态可以增加句子的变化性，使文章或对话更加生动有趣。

通过灵活运用被动语态，可以使句子的结构多样化，增加读者的阅读兴趣。

四、被动语态的注意事项4.1 动词的时态和语态一致在使用被动语态时，要注意动词的时态和语态的一致性。

主语是单数时，be动词和过去分词要使用单数形式；主语是复数时，be动词和过去分词要使用复数形式。

4.2 被动语态的主语省略当被动语态的主语是不重要或者不需要特别强调时，可以省略主语。