英语定语从句用法详解
在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when, why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。
1.由who引导的定语从句中，who用作主语，如：This is the boy who often helps me.
2.由whom引导的定语从句中，whom用作宾语，如：The man whom you are waiting for has gone home.
3.由whose引导的定语从句中，whose用作定语，如：Do you know the girl whose skirt is white?
4.由which引导的定语从句中，which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语，如：
The room in which there is a machine is a work shop.
The river which is in front of my house is very clean.
This is the pen which you want.
注意：
(1)whom, which用作介词宾语时，介词可放在whom、which之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上；但在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。如：He is the very person whom we must take good care of.
(2)引导非限制性定语从句时，必须用关系代词which，不用that,如：I have lost
my bag, which I like very much.
(3)关系代词在句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。
5.由that引导的定语从句中，that可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语，如：
The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun.
注意在下面几种情况下必须用that引导定语从句。
(1)先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等，如：
All that we have to do is to practise English.
(2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，如
(3)先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰，如
I've eaten up all the food that you gave me.
(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时如
He is the only person that I want to talk with.
(5)先行词既有人又有物时，如:
They talked about persons and things that they met.
(6)当句中已有who时，为避免重复，如：Who is the man that is giving us the
class?
6.由when, where, why引导的定语从句，如:
I don't know the reason why he was late.
This is the place where we have lived for 5 years.
I'll never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time.
注意：先行词是表示地点时，如果从句的谓语动词是及物的，就用that(which)，如果从句的谓语动词是不及物的，就用where引导。This is the house Which /that he has lived in for 15 years.(Where he has lived for 15 year.)
7. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
(1)限制性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间不用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, of which等，这些关系代词都不能省略。
(2)非限制性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，没有这种从句，不影响主句意思的完整，一般用逗号把主句和从句分开，关系代词用which,不用that;指人时可用who,如：I have two brothers, who are both students.
8．如何简化定语从句
（1）.定语从句简化为形容词或形容词短语作后置定语。如:
My grandfather lives in a village that is far away from here.
→My grandfather lives in a village far away from here.我祖父住在离这儿很远的一个村子。This is a book that is worth reading.
→This is a book worth reading. 这是一本值得看的书。
（2）定语从句简化为现在分词或现在分词短语作前置或后置定语。
The man who is standing under the tree is our English teacher.
→The man standing under the tree is our English teacher.
站在树下面的那个人是我们的英语老师。
I saw the house that was burning at that time.→I saw the burning house at that time.
当时我看到那房子在燃烧。
（3）定语从句简化为过去分词短语作后置定语。
I like to see the films which are directed by Zhang Yimou.→I like to see the films directed by Zhang Yimou. 我喜欢看张艺谋导演的电影。
She is the girl who was praised at the school meeting.→She is the girl praised at the school meeting. 她就是在校会上受表彰的那个女孩。
（4）定语从句简化为不定式作后置定语。
He is always the first person that comes to school.→He is always the first person to come to school.他总是第一个到校。
The report which will be given tomorrow is important to us.→The report to be given tomorrow is important to us. 明天要作的报告对我们很重要。
（5）定语从句简化为what 从句。
I couldn't remember the words that he said.→I couldn't remember what he said.
我记不得他说的话。
【典型例题解析】
例1 The second book ______I want to read is Business @ the Speed of Thought.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. as
解析先行词book被序数词修饰时要用that引导定语从句，故选C。
例2 I'll never forget the days _____I stayed with you.
A. when
B. in which
C. that
D. for which
解析本题指时间，故选A。
例3 The book______ is sold out at the moment.
A. you need
B. what you need
C. which you need it
D. that you need it
解析B、C、D中的what和it与先行The book相抵触，故选A。
例4 Is this the place ______Lincoln once lived.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. when
解析本题指地点，故选C。
例5 I'm one of the boys _________ never late for school.
A. that is
B. who are
C. who am
D. who is
解析本题中who用作主语，谓语动词与先行词the boys保持一致，故选B。
【选讲例题】
例6 Her sister,______ you met at my home, was a teacher of English.
A. whom
B. that
C. which
D. who is
解析非限制性定语从句中，关系代词用which,不用that,但指人时用who或whom.故选A。例7 These book are for students _____ mother language is not English.
A. of whom
B. that
C. which
D. whose
解析whose引导的定语从句中,whose用作定语，故选D。
初中定语从句的用法和精练
一、定语从句的概念
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher.
先行词定语从句
昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。
二、定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom，所有格whose)等，关系副词where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
①I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. （关系代词作主语）
先行词关系代词
我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。
②The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.
先行词关系代词（关系代词作宾语）
我姐姐上周星期天给我的那本字典很贵。
③The woman whose name is Linda Brown is his mother. （关系代词作定语）
先行词关系代词
那个是他的母亲，名叫琳达?布朗。
④That is the house where my father used to live. （关系代词作状语）
先行词关系副词
那是我父亲曾经居住过的房子。
三、关系代词的用法
1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作
宾语时可省略。例如：
① Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle. 玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语)
② The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue. 我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。
(that作宾语)
2. which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：
① The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.
位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)
② The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.
我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语)
3. who, whom都用于指人，who用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。例如：
① The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.
经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)
② Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to? 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?
(作宾语)
小结：that—既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。
which—指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。
who—指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语（常用whom），可以省略。
注：当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。
注意——
(1) 当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who, that, which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+ which/whom”结构。例如：
① This is the house in which we lived last year. 这是我们去年居住的房子。
② Please tell me from whom you borrowe d the English novel.
请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
(2) 含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：
This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。
(3) that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：
The city that she lives in is very far away. 她居住的城市非常远。
(4) 关系词只能用that而不用which的情况：
a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which。例如：
He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。
b. 被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which。例如：
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?
c. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which。例如：
This is the same bike that I lost. 这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which。例如：
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e. 以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that。例如：
Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
f. 主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which。例如：
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
(5) 关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：
a. 先行词为that, those时，用which, 而不用that。例如：
What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?
b. 关系代词前有介词时,一般用which,而不用that.例如:
This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。
c. 引导非限制性定语从句，用which, 而不用that。例如：
Tom came back, which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。
五、关系副词的用法
(1) when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如：
This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。
(2) where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如：
This is the place where he works. 这是他工作的地点。
(3) why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如：
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.
没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
I．单项填空。
1. —Do you know the man _________is talking with your father?
—Yes, he’s our headmaster.
A. he
B. who
C. which
D. whom
2. Is this the river_________I can swim?
A. which
B. in which
C. that
D. the one
3. This is the best hotel in the city_________I know.
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. it
4. Can you lend me the dictionary_________the other day?
A. that you bought
B. you bought it
C. that you bought it
D. which you bought it
5. Anyone_________with what I said may put up you hands.
A. which agrees
B. who agree
C. who agrees
D. which agree
6. My watch is not the only thing_________is missing.
A. that
B. it
C. which
D. who
7. The man_________coat is black is waiting at the gate
A. who’s
B. whose
C. that of which
D. which’s
8. The girl_________is reading under the tree_________my sister.
A. which; is
B. whom; was
C. who; is
D. who; was
9. I love places_________the people are really friendly.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. who
10. The world_________is made up of matter.
A. in that we live
B. on which we live
C. where we live in
D. we live in
Ⅱ．用适当的关系代词that, which, who, whom填空。
1. The first thing _________you must do is to have a meal.
2. April 1st is the day _________is called April Fool’s Day in the west.
3. The family _________ had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends.
4. The house _________we live in is very old.
5. Didn’t you see the man _________I talked with just now?
III．牵手中考。
1.（2011清远）Have you read the book_________is about the moon?
A. what
B. it
C. /
D. which
2.（2011广西百色）The policeman caught the thief_________has stolen Mr. Li’s computer.
A. which
B. whose
C. whom
D. who
3.（2011桂林）The basketball_________I bought yesterday cost me 80 yuan.
A. that
B. where
C. who
D. when
4.（河北省2011）The teachers_________came for a visit are foreigners.
A. who
B. whom
C. whose
D. which
5.（2011河南省）Tony, tell me the result of the discussion_________you had with your dad yesterday.
A. what
B. which
C. when
D. who
6.（2011黑龙江绥化市）This is the camera ______my uncle gave me for my birthday.
A. which
B. who
C. what
7.（2011哈尔滨）"Get new knowledge by reviewing the old" is a famous saying by Confucius (孔子). He was a great thinker________words still have a great effect on millions of people around the world today.
A. who
B. who's
C. whose
8.（2011呼和浩特）—Is there anyone here_________name is Betty?
—Sorry, I don’t know.
A. who
B. which
C. whom
D. whose
9.（2011四川达州）—Where did you go last week?
—I went to Zhang Aiping’s hometown and visited the house_______he was born in.
A. that
B. there
C. who
D. whose
10.（2011四川南充）Is that the man_________helped us a lot after the earthquake?
A. which
B. who
C. whom
11.（2011四川资阳）—I hear that Lily’s brother is a worker here.
—Look, the man_________is working over there is her brother.
A. who
B. whom
C. what
D. which
12.（2011天津）John is the boy_________legs were badly hurt in the accident.
A. whose
B. that
C. who
D. which
13.（2011乌鲁木齐）We don't like people_________talk too much but never do anything.
A.whose
B.who
C.when
D.which
14.（2011梧州）—Do you know the boy_________is standing under the tree?
—Yes, he is my friend, Peter.
A. what
B. who
C. whom
D. whose
初中英语定语从句的用法解析 【摘要】定语从句是一种形容词的关系从句。它由关系代词或关系副词引导（1）。初中英语中的定语从句仅限于限制性定于从句，但对初中生来说，定语从句既是一个重点，也是一个难点。 【关键词】定语从句先行词关系代词关系副词 一、英语中的定语从句与汉语中的定语位置不同。 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。英语中的定语从句始终要放在被修饰的词之后，而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前。如： The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher. 先行词定语从句 昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。 二、英语从句中的句型结构比较复杂，有先行词、关系代词或关系副词。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词或关系副词。限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系（2）。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中要充当一个成分。关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词在句中作状语。如： I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. （主语） 先行词关系代词 我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。 The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(宾语) 先行词关系代词 我姐姐上周星期天给我的那本字典很贵。 The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown. (定语) 先行词关系代词 那个是他的母亲，名叫琳达·布朗。 That is the house where my father used to live.(状语) 先行词关系副词 那是我父亲曾经居住过的房子。 三、初中英语中的定语从句关系代词或关系副词的具体用法。 1. who指人（也可用that），在定语从句中作主语，也可作宾语。如： Yesterday I helped an old man who / that lost his way. （主语） 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 Mr Wang is the man (who / that / whom )you met in the zoo this morning.(宾语) 王先生就是今天早上你在动物里遇到的那个人。 注意：关系代词who指人,作宾语时，可用whom代替；作宾语时，关系代词可省略。作其它成分，关系代词则不能省略。 2. whose指人，也可指物。在定语从句中作定语。 The boy whose mother is ill is staying at home to look after her today. 其母亲生病的那个男孩今天呆在家里照顾她。 I have a story book whose cover is red. 我有一本封面是红色的故事书。 3. which指物（也可用that），在定语从句中作主语，也可作宾语。如： Football is a game which / that is liked by most boys. （主语） 足球是被大多数男孩喜欢的运动。 I don’t believe the news which / that Tom won the game. (宾语)
定语从句的例子 相关术语：定语从句，先行词，关系代词，关系副词 一．限制性定语从句（定义） 关系代词who的用法 1.The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 昨天我帮助了一个迷路的老人。翻译：__________________________ Whom的用法 2.Mr.Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see. 你刚才见得那个人是我的朋友。翻译：___________________________ Which的用法 3.Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 这就是我昨天买的钢笔。翻译：________________________________ 4.The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. 你昨天向我借的钱是100元。翻译：____________________________ 只用which不用that的情况 He had failed in the maths exam, which make his father very angry. This is the room in which my father lived last year. 只用that不用which的情况 （1）T ell others everthing that you have happened. There is little that is useful for you.
英语定语从句用法详解 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when, why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。 1.由who引导的定语从句中，who用作主语，如：This is the boy who often helps me. 2.由whom引导的定语从句中，whom用作宾语，如：The man whom you are waiting for has gone home. 3.由whose引导的定语从句中，whose用作定语，如：Do you know the girl whose skirt is white? 4.由which引导的定语从句中，which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语，如： The room in which there is a machine is a work shop. The river which is in front of my house is very clean. This is the pen which you want. 注意： (1)whom, which用作介词宾语时，介词可放在whom、which之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上；但在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。如：He is the very person whom we must take good care of. (2)引导非限制性定语从句时，必须用关系代词which，不用that,如：I have lost my bag, which I like very much. (3)关系代词在句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。 5.由that引导的定语从句中，that可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语，如： The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun. 注意在下面几种情况下必须用that引导定语从句。 (1)先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等，如： All that we have to do is to practise English. (2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，如 The first letter that I got from him will be kept. (3)先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰，如 I've eaten up all the food that you gave me. (4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时如 He is the only person that I want to talk with. (5)先行词既有人又有物时，如: They talked about persons and things that they met. (6)当句中已有who时，为避免重复，如：Who is the man that is giving us the class? 6.由when, where, why引导的定语从句，如: I don't know the reason why he was late. This is the place where we have lived for 5 years. I'll never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time. 注意：先行词是表示地点时，如果从句的谓语动词是及物的，就用that(which)，如果从句的谓语动词是不及物的，就用where引导。This is the house Which /that he has lived in for 15 years.(Where he has lived for 15 year.)
初中英语定语从句讲解及练习(教师版) 一.定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等； 关系副词有where, when, why等。 关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 二.关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1) the boys who are playing football are from class one. (2) yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) mr. liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) mr. ling is just the boy whom i want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) the man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) this is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时，相当于who 或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) the number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. (6) where is the man that/whom i saw this morning? 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) he has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) i once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3) the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. (4) the classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5) do you like the book whose cover is yellow? (6) do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导 (1) the school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. (2) the school in which he once studied is very famous. (3) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. (4) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine for which you asked. (5) we'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about. (6) we'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care
初中英语语法——三大从句汇总 在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即 状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。以 下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点 A、定语从句专项讲解与训练 一、定语从句概念 定语从句（attributive clause），顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语从属 于主句。定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。另外， 定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。 定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词被称作先 行词。请看示例： The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 先行词定语从句 在所有的从句中，算定语从句最难掌握，因为汉语里没有定语从句，汉语 里只有定语，而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示： 先行词主格宾格所有格 人 who whom whose 物 which which whose of which 人、物 that that — （一）关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法 who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。例如： An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。 I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first
高中英语定语从句用法全面系统讲解（1） 一、概述 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词，用作定语的从句叫做定语从句(attributive clause)。被定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词(antecedent)。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词who、whom、whose、which、that和关系副词when、where、why 等。 Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police. 最后，那个小偷向警察交出他偷的所有的东西。（引导词是关系代词that） His parents wouldn't let him marry anyone whose family was poor. 他父母不让他和家庭困难的人结婚。（引导词是关系代词whose） In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help. 在那个黑暗的街道上，没有她可以求助的人。（引导词是关系代词whom） In 1519 another traveller who went to America from Europe discovered the tomato. 1519年另一位从欧洲去美洲的旅行家发现了西红柿。（引导词是关系代词who） I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. 我仍然记得第一次去北京的那一天。（引导词是关系副词when） This is the house where we lived last year. 这就是我们去年住的房子。（引导词是关系副词where） 二、关系代词和关系副词的功用能 关系代词和关系副词用来引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词可作定语从句的一个成分。关系代词可作主语、宾语、定语；关系副词可作状语。 1、作主语 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数应与先行词一致。 All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需要的是大量的油。（引导词that在句中作主语） A plane is a machine that can fly. 飞机是会飞的机器。（引导词that在句中作主语） The foreigner who visited our class yesterday is from Canada. 昨天到我班来访的外国人来自加拿大。（引导词who在句中作主语） They planted the trees which didn't need much water. 他们种植了需水不多的树木。（引导词which在句中作主语） 2、作宾语 在定语从句里作宾语的关系代词在口语中常被省去 The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious. 我煮的面条美味可口。（引导词that，可省略）
初中英语定语从句专题训练答案 一、定语从句 1．–Why are you so worried? -I’ve lost the watch ______ my dad bought me on my birthday. A．what B．who C．whose D．which 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】 句意：——你为什么如此担心？——我把那块我生日时爸爸买给我的手表弄丢了。考查定语从句，先行词是watch表示物，故关系代词只能用which或that；what不引导定语从句；who的先行词是人；whose表示所属；故选D。 2．I will never forget the fire ______________ happened in Shanghai last year. A．when B．where C．what D．which 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 考点：考查定语从句。 【详解】 试题分析：句意：我将永远不会忘记去年上海发生的火灾。先行词the fire是物，故其定语从句要用which引导。what不引导定语从句；when先行词是时间；where先行词是地点；根据题意，故选D。 3．–What are you looking for? –I’m looking for the storybook you lent to me last week. A．who B．which C．when 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意“-你正在找什么？-我正在找你上周借给我的故事书”。 本题考查定语从句。A.who指人，在从句中作主语和宾语；B.which指物，在从句中作主语和宾语；C.when表示时间，在从句中作状语。本句话中，先行词为the storybook，指物，且在从句中作宾语，故选B。
定语从句的用法 一、定语从句的概念 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。(尤其是限制性定语从句) （定语在汉语中常用……的表示。它主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可 以来担任，也可以有一个句子来担任。单词做定语是通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句做定语是则放在所 修饰的词之后，做后置定语。） 二、定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定 语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 三、定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。 1. 限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去 2.非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。 四、关系代词的用法 1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。 Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语) The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语) 2.which用于指物 The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼 是一家超市。(作主语) The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语) 3.who, whom用于指人 The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女 孩是英国人。(作主语) Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to? 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语) 注意：whom 在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 4 whose用于指人，也可以用于指物（相当于of which 注明:whose=the+物/人+of which/whom ） Do you like the book whose color is yellow? Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in . I once lived in the house ,the roof of which has fallen in . 5.关系词的区别 （1）关系词只能用that的情况: a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关
备考2020年中考初中英语定语从句精讲及练习 所谓定语从句，就是用一个句子去修饰某一名词或代词。定语从句一般位于被修饰的名词或代词后面。在这里，我们需要掌握两个特殊的概念：其一就是先行词，即被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词；其二就是关系词，即引导定语从句的词，如that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why等。在初中阶段，重点掌握的关系词主要为that, which, who, whom和whose等。 考点一：关系代词的用法 要掌握定语从句，我们就需要掌握好关系代词的用法。下面我们就用表格的方式来讲解定语从句关系代词的用法。
【典型考例1】（2019山东滨州）---–Do you know the man ____________ spoke at the meeting just now? --- No, I don’t know. A. what B. who C. which D. whose 【析】正确答案：B。句子意思是：---你认识刚才在会上发言的人吗？---不，我不认识。先行词the man表人，定语从句的关系词用who。 【典型考例2】（2019山东临沂）Peppa Pig (《小猪佩奇》) is a British cartoon _________has been popular in China and is much loved by little children and their parents. A. who B. which C. /
【析】正确答案：B。句子意思是：《小猪佩奇》是一部在中国受儿童和父母欢迎和喜爱的英国卡通电影。先行词a British cartoon表物，所以定语从句的关系词用which。 【典型考例3】（2019甘肃敦煌）I prefer music_____has great lyrics. A.who B. whose C .that D./ 【析】正确答案：C。句子意思是：我更喜欢歌词抒情的音乐。先行词music表物，定语从句的关系词用that。 考点二：定语从句中只能用that或只用which情况
定语从句 一、基本概念： 定语： 定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词 关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当： 关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当： 先行词： 定语从句中引关系词的作用： 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week （二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born
(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts. 三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you 2．非限制性定语从句 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.
（英语）初中英语定语从句真题汇编(含答案)及解析 一、定语从句 1．I hate the dogs live in the next house. They make loud noises all night A．who B．that C．what D．whom 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：我讨厌住在隔壁的狗，他们整晚发出噪音。who "谁"指人，在定语从句中作主语；that "那个"指人或指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；what "什么"不能引导定语从句，引导名词性从句；whom "谁"指人，在定语从句中作宾语。根据先行词是the dogs，后面的定语从句缺少主语，故用代词that。故选B。 2．I like listening to music______ can touch the heart of people. A．that B．who C．where D．what 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我喜欢听能触动人心的音乐。考查定语从句引导词。what不引导定语从句，可排除。that可指人指物；who指人；where指地点。本句先行词music是物，引导词做从句的主语，需用that引导；根据句意语境，可知选A。 3．Do you have books about famous scientists ________ are suitable for children to read? A．what B．which C．who D．whom 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意“你有关于科学家方面的适合小孩子读的书吗？”。本题考查定语从句。A.定语从句中没有what；B.which指物，在从句中作主语和宾语；C.who指人，在从句中作主语和宾语； D.whom指人，在从句中作宾语。根据句意可知，先行词为books指物，在从句中作主语，故选B。 4．This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday. A．which B．what C．whose D．whom 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：这是那本母亲给我作为生日礼物的字典。这里是定语从句，先行词是为物时用which；what不能引导定语从句；先行词指人时用who；当先行词为物主代词时用whose。本题先行词为dictionary，字典是物，所以用关系词which。故选A。
初中英语定语从句讲解及练习 一.定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句:修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰 的 先行词后面。 2.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等; 关系副词有where, when, why等。 关系词常有3个作用:1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 二.关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1) the boys who are playing football are from class one. (2) yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) mr. liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) mr. ling is just the boy whom i want to see. 注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) the man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) this is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
高中英语定语从句详解 定语从句用来充当句中定语的主谓结构；它主要用于修饰句子中的名词、代词。而定语从句的位置常常是紧跟在被修饰的名词、代词的后面。在被修饰的名词、代词与定语从句之间往往有一个关系词将其前后两部分联系成一个整体，或是构成一个名词短语；或是构成一个代词短语。但从结构上说，关系词与从句是一个整体。排除句子的其他各部分，这种带有定语从句的名词短语或是代词短语的构成可演示如下：1）three signs that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack 三种意味着一个人是患有惊恐症而不是心脏病的迹象在这个带有定语从句的名词短语中： signs是：被修饰的名词； that是：关系词； that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack是定语从句 2）those who drink a l ot 那些大量饮酒的人在这个带有定语从句的代词短语中： those是：被修饰的名词； who是：关系词; who drink a l ot是：定语从句通过上面的演示,我们可以归纳出定语从句在句子中的位置、结构如下：
被修饰的名词/ 代词+ 关系词+ 句子(其中，"被修饰的名词/代词"在语法叫作"先行词".) 要点提示： 1）"先行词"与"关系词"的内在联系"先行词"与"关系词"之间实质上是互等、互换的关系。也就是说，关系词的作用就是将先行词所表达意义"代到"从句中来起作用。例如： They often become easily frightened or feel uneasy in situations （先行词）where (关系词)peopl e normally woul d not be afraid . 他们常在人们一般不会感到害怕的情况下却很容易感到恐惧或是感到不自在。 （本句中的关系词where = 先行词（in）situations 。如果把这个复合句拆成两个分句，那就是： They often become easily frightened or feel uneasy in situations peopl e normally woul d not be afraid in situations 由此可以看出，"先行词"与"关系词"之间实质上是互等、互换的关系）。又例如： Rude peopl e are those （先行词）whose (关系词)behavior shows little respect for the rules（先行词）that(关系词) the majority follows . 不讲礼貌的人是指那些，他们的行为对大多数人所遵从的规
英语定语从句用法详解（初中） 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的有关系代词 who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when, why 等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。 1.由who引导的定语从句中， who用作主语，如： This is the boy who often helps me. 2.由whom引导的定语从句中，whom用作宾语，如：The man whom you are waiting for has gone home. 3.由whose引导的定语从句中， whose用作定语，如： Do you know the girl whose skirt is white? 4.由which引导的定语从句中，which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语，如： The room in which there is a machine is a work shop. The river which is in front of my house is very clean. This is the pen which you want. 注意： (1)whom, which用作介词宾语时，介词可放在 whom、which之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上；但在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。如： He is the very person whom we must take good care of. (2)引导非限制性定语从句时，必须用关系代词which，不用that,如：I have lost my bag, which I like very much. (3)关系代词在句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。 5.由that引导的定语从句中，that可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语，如： The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun. 注意在下面几种情况下必须用 that引导定语从句。 (1)先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等，如： All that we have to do is to practise English. (2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，如 The first letter that I got from him will be kept. (3)先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰，如 I've eaten up all the food that you gave me. (4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时如 He is the only person that I want to talk with. (5)先行词既有人又有物时，如: They talked about persons and things that they met. (6)当句中已有who时，为避免重复，如： Who is the man that is giving us the class? 6.由when, where, why引导的定语从句，如: I don't know the reason why he was late. This is the place where we have lived for 5 years. I'll never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time. 注意：先行词是表示地点时，如果从句的谓语动词是及物的，就用 that(which)，如果从句的谓语动词是不及物的，就用where引导。This is the house Which /that he has lived in for 15 years.(Where he has lived for 15 year.)