多级离心泵设计(1)

I 摘要 随着我国矿业的蓬勃发展，矿用排水泵的需求量不断增大，同时国家紧抓矿井安全生产，对矿用排水泵的各项性能提出了更严格的要求。针对上述情况，在上海福思特流体机械有限公司的帮助下，设计完善D280-65型多级离心泵，用速度系数法进行水力设计，对轴、叶轮、导叶等重要部件进行强度校核，并完成图纸的绘制。该型多级离心泵在兼顾高效率、低功耗的前提下能够满足高扬程，大流量的实际需求，对同类型离心泵的设计具有一定的参考价值。

关键词：多级离心泵，速度系数法，叶轮，强度校核 II

Abstract With the vigorous development of the mining industry of China, mining drainage pump demand is increasing. Moreover, as the government pays more attention to the safety in mining production, a more stringent standard has been carried out on the performance of the mine drainage pump. In order to meet the needs of the domestic market, D280-65 type multi-stage centrifugal pump has been designed, with the help of the Shanghai First Fluid Machinery Co., Ltd. The main contents of this design include the hydraulic design based on the velocity modulus method and strength check of the important parts, such as the shaft, impeller, and guide vane. Besides, the design drawings have been completed. This type of multi-stage centrifugal pump, on the premise of both high efficiency and low power consumption, meets the actual needs of high head, large flow. What’s more, the design process has a certain reference value to the other similar centrifugal pump design.

Keywords：multi-stage centrifugal pump, velocity modulus method, impeller，intensity checking III

目录 1绪论 ..................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1课题背景 ........................................................................................................................... 2 1.2离心泵技术的发展和现状...................................................................................... 2 1.3本文研究内容.......................................................................................................... 2 2多级离心泵的结构和设计流程 ............................................................................. 3

2.1多级离心泵的的工作原理 ............................................................................................. 3 2.2多级离心泵的的结构 ..................................................................................................... 4 2.2 多级离心泵的设计流程 ................................................................................................ 6 3 D280-65多级离心泵设计计算及强度校核 ..................................................... 7 3.1泵的主要参数 .................................................................................................................. 7 3.2吸入口径与压出口径的确定 ........................................................................................ 7 3.3部分参数的估算与确定.......................................................................................... 7 3.4水力设计................................................................................................................ 10 3.5强度校核................................................................................................................ 32 4离心泵的操作和管理 ............................................................................................... 40 4.1离心泵的正常操作 ........................................................................................................ 40 4.2日常操作与维护 ............................................................................................................ 42 4.3离心泵的故障与处理 ................................................................................................... 42 5总结与展望 .................................................................................................................... 45 5.1总结 .................................................................................................................................. 45 5.2展望 .................................................................................................................................. 45 参考文献........................................................................................................................ 46

致谢 .................................................................................................................................. 47 D280-65型多级离心泵设计 1 1绪论

1.1 课题背景 离心泵是一种应用范围十分广泛的通用水力机械，近几年随着中国矿产业的飞速发展，对离心泵的需求也在不断的增大。在矿井的建设和生产过程中，往往会有从各种渠道来的水源源不断地涌入矿井，影响矿井的安全生产，此时必须有排水设备把涌入矿井的水及时从井下排至地面，而离心泵就担任着这样一个重要角色。因此，保证矿用排水泵的稳定、可靠、经济的运转对矿井生产有重要意义。 随着采矿业规模的不断扩大，采矿环境越来越趋向于复杂化和多样化。以煤矿开采为例，我国煤层储存条件比较复杂，煤层埋藏深度大，平均煤层埋藏深度由300m向500m过渡，矿井以年增10m的速度不断加深，而在我国大中型煤矿中，水文地质条件复杂、极复杂类型的煤矿占25.04%，有超过30处大中型煤矿的正常涌水量超过1000 m3/h，最高时达4408 m3/h。这都要求矿用排水泵的排水量和扬程不断增大，对泵性能（效率、高效节能）、可靠性等相关方面的要求也相应地增加。另一方面，国家紧抓矿井安全生产，对矿用排水泵的各项性能提出了更苛刻的标准[1]。目前常用的国产矿用排水泵都不能很好地同时满足上述要求，而进口泵价格昂贵，并不适合在中小型企业广泛使用。 针对上述情况，学校与上海福思特流体机械有限公司相互合作，借助公司的资源优势和学校的人才优势共同研究，设计开发D280-65型多级离心泵，以满足市场需求。