轻型货车制动系统设计说明书

本科生毕业设计（论文）

I 摘 要

制动系统是汽车中最重要的系统之一。因为随着高速公路的不断发展，汽车的车速将越来越高，对制动系的工作可靠性要求日益提高,制动系工作可靠的汽车能保证行驶的安全性。由此可见，本次制动系统设计具有实际意义。

本次设计主要是对轻型货车制动系统结构进行分析的基础上，根据对轻型货车制动系统的要求，设计出合理的符合国家标准和行业标准的制动系统。

首先制动系统设计是根据整车主要参数和相关车型，制定出制动系统的结构方案，其次设计计算确定前、后鼓式制动器、制动主缸的主要尺寸和结构形式等。最后利用计算机辅助设计绘制出了前、后制动器装配图、制动主缸装配图、制动管路布置图。最终对设计出的制动系统的各项指标进行评价分析。另外在设计的同时考虑了其结构简单、工作可靠、成本低等因素。结果表明设计出的制动系统是合理的、符合国家标准的。

关键词：轻型货车；制动；鼓式制动器；制动主缸；液压系统.

本科生毕业设计（论文）

II Abstract

Braking system is one of the most important system in the automotive . because

of the continuous development with the highway. The car will become more and more

high-speed, braking system on the work of the increasing reliability

requirements,Brake work of a reliable car,guarantee the safety of travelling,This shows

that, The braking system design of practical significance.

The braking system is one of important system of active safety. Based on the

structural analysis and the design requirements of intermediate car’s braking system, a

braking system design is performed in this thesis, according to the national and

professional standards.

First through analyzing the main parameters of the entire vehicle, the braking

system design starts from determination of the structure scheme. SecondlyCalculating

and determining the main dimension and structural type of the front、rear drum brake，brake master cylinder ans so on，Finally use of computer-aided design drawing draw

the engineering drawings of the front and rear brakes, the master brake cylinder, the

diagram of the brake pipelines. Furthermore, each target of the designed system is

analyzed for checking whether it meets the requirements. some factors are considered

in this thesis, such as simple structure, low costs, and environmental protection, etc.

The result shows that the design is reasonable and accurate, comparing with the related

national standards.

Key words：light truck；brake；drum brake；master cylinder；hydraulic pressure

system

本科生毕业设计（论文）

III 目 录

第1章 绪 论 .......................................................................................................... 1

1.1 本次制动系统设计的意义 ....................................................................... 2

1.2 本次制动系统应达到的目标 ................................................................... 2

1.3 本次制动系统设计内容 ........................................................................... 2

1.4 汽车制动系统的组成 ............................................................................... 3

1.5制动系统类型 ............................................................................................ 3

1.6 制动系工作原理 ....................................................................................... 4

第2章 汽车制动系统方案确定 ............................................................................ 5

2.1 汽车制动器形式的选择 ........................................................................... 5

2.2 鼓式制动器的优点及其分类 ................................................................... 6

2.3 盘式制动器的缺点 ................................................................................... 7

2.4 制动驱动机构的结构形式 ....................................................................... 8

2.4.1简单制动系 ..................................................................................... 8

2.4.2动力制动系 ..................................................................................... 9

2.4.3伺服制动系 ..................................................................................... 9

2.5 制动管路的形式选择 ............................................................................. 10

2.6 液压制动主缸方案的设计 ..................................................................... 11

第3章 制动系统主要参数的确定 .................................................................... 13

3.1 轻型货车主要技术参数 ......................................................................... 13

3.2 同步附着系数的0的确定 ..................................................................... 13

3.3 前、后轮制动力分配系数的确定 ..................................................... 14

3.4 鼓式制动器主要参数的确定 ................................................................. 14

3.5 制动器制动力矩的确定 ......................................................................... 16

3.6 制动器制动因数计算 ............................................................................. 17

3.7 鼓式制动器零部件的结构设计 ............................................................. 18

第4章液压制动驱动机构的设计计算 ................................................................ 22

4.1制动轮缸直径d的确定 .......................................................................... 22

4.2 制动主缸直径d0的计算 ........................................................................ 22

4.3 制动踏板力PF ........................................................................................ 22