英语十大词性讲练

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一、词性的分类
词是组成句,篇,章的最基本元素,英语中的单词根据词义、句法作用和形式特征所作的分类,可以归纳
成十种。

英语名称 作用 例词
名词 Noun(n.) 表示人或事物的名称 student学生; China中国
代词 Pronoun (pron.) 用来代替名词、形容词或数词等 He他; that那
数词 Numeral (num.) 表示数量或顺序 one一; first第一
形容词 Adjective(adj.) 用来修饰名词,表示人或事物的特性、性质 safe安全; great伟大
冠词 Article (art.) 用在名词前,帮助说明名词所指的人或事物 an,a,the
动词 Verb (v.) 表示人或事物的动作或状态 eat吃; have有;run跑

副词 Adverb (adv.)
用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,表示动作或形状的特性 hard艰苦; here这里;
often经常;quickly快速

介词 Preposition (prep.)
用在名词、代词等前面,说明句子中词与词之间的关系 under在...下; in在...
里;on在…上面
连词 Conjunction (conj.) 用来连接词、短语或句子 and和; but但是
感叹词 Interjection (interj.) 表示说话时的感情或口气 Hello喂; why呃,嘿
在上述十大词类中,名词、代词、形容词、副词、数词、动词等具有明确的意义,可以在句中独立充
当句子成分,称为实义词。介词、连词和冠词只能起联系或辅助的作用,都不在句子中担任任何成分,称
为虚词。感叹词一般不构成句子的一部分,通常作独立成分。

说出下列单词的词性:restaurant;bus;well; often;because; exercise;hardly;theirs; ah; shop;once;through;

time;most;no;active;for;one; about; it; junk; hey; drink; over; health; try; another; ten; classroom; first; a; keep;
to; let; yourself
说出下列文中词语的词性:
1. Father: Well, Tom, I asked to your teacher today, and now I want to ask you a question. Who is the laziest
person in your class? Tom: I don't know, father. Father: Oh, yes, you do! Think! When other boys and girls
are doing and writing, who sits in the class and only watches how other people work? Tom: Our teacher, father.
2. Teacher: Here are two birds, one is a swallow, the other is sparrow. Now who can tell us which is which?
Student: I cannot point out but I know the answer.
Teacher: Please tell us.
Student: The swallow is beside the sparrow and the sparrow is beside the swallow.