备 课 笔 记
课题序号 31 授课班级
授课课时 2 授课形式 Language in Use
授课章节
名称 Book 2 Unit 8 Create an Image
使用教具 Blackboard & Multimedia classroom
教学目的 1. Students will master the rhythm of sentence.
2. Students will understand participles and be able to use them correctly.
3. Students can learn to corporate with each other to finish their task.
教学重点 How to make students fully understand the usage of participles.
教学难点 How to help the students use participles correctly.
更新、补
充、删节
内容
课外作业 综合拓展；导学与同步训练
教学反思
授课主要内容或板书设计
Unit 8 Create an Image
write (vt)
rise (vi) 主动语态
被动语态 现在分词 过去分词
时态
现在时 writing being written rising
risen
完成时 having written having been written having
risen 课 堂 教 学 安 排
教学过程 主要教学内容及步骤
Step1
Phonetics
Step2
Grammar
A Phonetics: Rhythm
regional dialects, sociolects or social dialects,
and functional speech varieties known as
registers. The term dialect, as a technical term
in linguistics, carries no value judgment and
simply refers to a distinct form of language.
在社会环境中使用的语言都属于某种言语变体。一种言语变体具有一些与其它言语变体不同的特征。这些特征反映在发音、句法规则、词汇上。言语变体可以指一种不同的语言，如标准语、方言、洋泾浜等，可以指同一语言的地域性或民族性变体，如英语中的澳大利亚英语、黑人英语等，也可以指同属一种语言的功能性言语变体，如法律语体、正式语体等。言语变体无论其具有何种社会属性，在社会语言学家看来它们之间没有高低之分、优劣之分。
a) Regional variation 地域变异
Regional variation is speech variation according
to the particular area where a speaker comes
from. Regional variation of language is the most
discernible and definable.
语言的地域变异产生了地区方言。语言往往随着使用地理位置的变化而变化。地域变异是语言最易辨别的特征。
The most distinguishable linguistic feature of a
regional dialect is its accent. Often speakers of the same language but of different regional
英语语言学概论第八章笔记 Chapter 8 Socio-linguistics 社会语言学
1. What is socio-linguistics? 什么是社会语言学？
Sociolinguistics is the sub-discipline of
linguistics that studies language in social
contexts.
社会语言学是语言学的一个分支，它研究社会环境中的语言。
2. Language variation 语言变异
a) Speech community 言语社区
In sociolinguistic studies, speakers are treated as
members of social groups. The social group
isolated for any given study is called speech
community. A speech community thus defined as
a group of people who form a community (which
may have as few members as a family or as
many member as a country), and share the same
language or a particular variety of language.
The important characteristic of a speech
community is that the members of the group
must, in some reasonable way, interact
linguistically with other members of the
community. They may share closely related
1
Chapter8
Ⅱ．Fill in each blank below with one word which begins with the letter given:
1．P ________ is the study of how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful
communication．
2．What essentially distinguishes s_______ and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning
the context of use is considered．
3．The notion of c_______ is essential to the pragmatic study of language．
4．If we think of a sentence as what people actually utter in the course of communication, it
becomes an u_______ ．
5．The meaning of a sentence is a_______ ,and decontexualized．
6．C_______ were statements that either state or describe, and were thus
verifiable．
7．P_______ were sentences that did not state a fact or describe a state, and were not verifiable．
8．A l_______ act is the act of uttering words, phrases, clauses It is the act of conveying literal
