2015届江苏高考考试说明新增50词整理汇编讲解
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2015届江苏高考考试说明新增50词整理汇编讲解 1. anticipate [æn'tɪsɪpeɪt] vt. 预期,预料 他们预计会有几个人来应征这份工作。 [+ -ing verb] They anticipate having severalapplicants for the job. [+ that] They anticipate that theywill have several applicants for the job 2 assure [əˈʃʊə,əˈʃɔ] vt. 向„„保证;使„„确信 我确信他很诚实。 可以说:I am assured of his honesty. I am assured that he is honest. 但不可说:I assure his honesty. I assure that he is honest. 他的工作确保给他带来一定程度的幸福感。 ①②两句意思相同: ①.His work assured him a degree of happiness. ②. His work assured a degree of happiness to him. 但不及③④⑤句常用: ③. His work ensured him a degree of happiness. ④. His work ensured a degree of happiness to him. ⑤. His work ensured a degree of happiness for him. 3. cease [siːs] vt. vi. 停止 At one o'clock the rain had ceased. 一点钟时雨已经停了。 cease doing和 cease to do(停止做„„)略有区别。 只有一次的动作通常用动名词。例如: When he heard the knock, he ceased writing. 经常性的动作通常用不定式。例如: He never ceases to amaze me. 他总让我惊喜不断。 此外,cease from doing也可以,但不用from更常见。 4. commodity [kə'mɒdɪtɪ] n. 商品,货物;日用品 [ 复数 commodities ] Prices went up on several basic commodities like bread and meat. 面包、肉等几种基本商品的价格上涨了。 commodity economy商品经济 commodity price商品价格 5. compile [kəm'paɪl] vt. 收集;编辑,编制 It takes years of hard work to compile a good dictionary. 编辑一部好词典需要数年的艰苦工作。 6. comprehensive [ˈkɒmprɪˈhensɪv] adj. 全面的;综合的;包罗万象的;详尽的 We offer you a comprehensive training in all aspects of the business. 我们向你提供这个行业各方面的综合培训。 7. consent [kən'sent] vi. 同意;赞成;答应 n. 同意;(意见等的)一致;赞成 I'm sure she wouldn't consent. 我敢肯定她不会答应的。 He consented to make a few alteration. 他同意作一些改动。 At approximately 11:30 p.m., Pollard finally gave his consent to the search. 大约晚上11:30的时候,波拉德终于对搜查予以同意。 8. contrast ['kɒntrɑːst] n. 对比,对照 His white hair was in sharp contrast to(with) his dark skin. 他的白发与他的黑皮肤形成鲜明的对照。 In contrast with(to) your belief that we shall fail,I know we shall succeed. 你认为我们将失败,恰恰相反,我知道我们将会成功。 9. core [kɔː] n. 核心;要点;果核 We already have our core team in place. 我们的核心队伍已经就位。 10. criterion [kraɪ'tɪə.ri.ən] n.(判断、决定的)标准,准则 [ 复数:criteria ] the criteria for measuring how good schools are 衡量学校好坏的标准 Academic ability is not the only criterion for admission to the college. 学术能力不是大学招生的唯一标准。 11. crucial ['kru:.ʃəl] adj. 至关重要的;关键的;决定性的 a crucial decision/question 至关重要的决定/问题 Her work has been crucial to the project's success. 她的工作对于这个专案的成功至关重要。 It is crucial that the problem should be tackled immediately. 关键是要马上着手处理这一问题。 12. crush [krʌʃ] v. & n. 压碎,压坏,压扁 His leg was crushed in the accident. 他的腿在事故中被压断了。 Two people were crushed to death in the rush to escape. 在匆忙逃跑中有两个人被压死。 13. curse [kɜːs] v. & n. 诅咒;骂 curse sb / sth for (doing) sth Elsa cursed herself for believing his lies. 埃尔莎骂自己相信了他的谎言。 14. deduce [dɪ'djuːs] vt. 推论,推断;演绎出 Alison cleverly deduced that I was the author of the letter. 艾莉森聪明地推断出我是这封信的作者。 The date of the document can be deduced from references to the Civil War. 该文件的日期可以从其对内战的提及处推算出来。 15. despair [dɪ'speər] n. 绝望 a mood/sense of despair绝望的情绪/感觉 They're in (the depths of) despair over/about the money they've lost. 他们对找回丢失的钱已经不抱(任何)希望了。 To her teacher's despair, Nicole never does the work that she's told to do. 妮歌从不做功课,这让她的老师感到非常失望。 16. devil ['dev(ə)l] n. n. 魔鬼;撒旦;家伙;恶棍;淘气鬼;冒失鬼 17. differentiate [ˈdɪfə'rentʃieɪt] v. 区分;区别对待 We must differentiate between right and wrong. 我们必须分清是非。 We do not differentiate between our workers on the basis of their background or ethnic origin. 我们不会因工人的背景或种族不同而区别对待。 18. drama ['drɑ:.mə] n. 戏剧 19. earnest ['ɜ:.nɪst] adj. 认真的;有决心的;郑重其事的;诚挚的 He was a very earnest young man. 他是个非常认真的年轻人。 in earnest 用作形容词短语或状语短语都可以,如: He is in earnest. He asked the question in earnest. 20. equate [ɪ'kweɪt] vt. 将„„等同于;同等对待(或看待、表示),相提并论 equate wealth with happiness 把幸福与财富同等看待 equate growing prosperity with the physical health of a nation 把发展的繁荣与一个民族的身体健康等同起来 21. estate [ɪ'steɪt] n. 财产 22. .ethnic ['eθ.nɪk] adj. 民族的;种族的 23. evolve [ɪ'vɒlv] v.(使)逐步发展;(使)逐步演变;(使)进化 The idea evolved from a drawing I discovered in the attic. 这种想法是从我在阁楼里发现的一幅画得到启发的。 24. exceed [ɪk'si:d] v. 超过,超出(数量);超越(规定的范围) The final cost should not exceed $5000. 最终的费用不应超出5000美元。 25. exclude [ɪk'sklu:d] vt. 阻止„„进入;把„„排斥在外 exclude…from… Women are still excluded from the club. 这间俱乐部仍然不让女性进入。 26. exploit [ɪk'splɒɪt] vt. 开发,开采;利用 exploit the oil under the sea 开发海底石油 We must exploit every opportunity to learn new things. 我们必须利用一切机会学习新事物。 27. formula ['fɔːmjʊlə] 惯例;(婴儿食物等的)配方;处方;公式;方程式 28. foundation [faʊnˈdeɪʃ(ə)n] n. 基本原理;根据;基础 lay a solid foundation for… Respect and friendship provide a solid foundation for marriage. 尊重和伴侣关系是婚姻的牢固基础。 29. gender n. 性别 30. grace n. 优雅 31. grant [grɑːnt] vt. 授予;允许;承认 vi. 同意 He requested that the Premier grant him an interview. 他请求总理准许给他一次会面的机会 take sth. for granted / take it for granted that …认为某事理所当然;想当然 I was amazed that virtually all the things I took for granted up north just didn't happen in Savannah. 令我感到惊讶的是,我在北方视为理所当然的一切事物,在南美大草原上几乎都没有发生。 32. guideline n. 指导方针 33. imitate ['ɪmɪteɪt] vt. 模仿;仿效 Some of the younger pop bands try to imitate their musical heroes from the past. 一些较年轻的流行乐队极力模仿心目中昔日的音乐巨星。