强调句

1 强 调 句 考点一： It is/ was……that/ who 强调句型 1．强调句型的基本结构是：It is/was + 被强调部分(主语、宾语、宾语补足语或状语等) + that/who + 句子的其余部分。 Mary met an old beggar in the street yesterday. It was Mary who/that met an old beggar in the street yesterday. (强调主语) It was an old beggar whom/that Mary met in the street yesterday. (强调宾语) It was yesterday that Mary met an old beggar in the street. (强调时间状语) It was in the street that Mary met an old beggar yesterday. (强调地点状语) 2．连接词。一般说来，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词that或who；如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词that; 被强调宾语如果指人，可用whom。 It was an old friend that/ whom he met in the park yesterday. 3．时态。如果原句中谓语动词使用的是现在范畴的时态(一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成/现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时等)，用It is...that...。如果原句中谓语动词为过去范畴的时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等)，则用It was...that...。 It is jazz that I hate most. It was because I was stuck in the traffic jam that I came late. 注意：be前可使用表示推测的情态动词。如： It must be Peter who has let this secret out. 一定是彼得将这个秘密泄露出去的。 It might be last night that they did their homework. 他们也许是昨晚做完作业的。 4．强调句型中的主谓一致。被强调的成分为原句的主语时，that/who之后的谓语动词应与被强调名 词或代词在人称和数方面保持一致关系，从而选用恰当的动词形式。例如： It is you who/that are wrong. It is I who/that am answering the question. 5．对not ……until…结构强调，要用it is(was)+not until …+that +…这一固定句型。 It was not until he had finished the work that he went home. It was not until 12 o’clock last night that my brother came home. 6．强调句式的疑问形式。一般疑问句是强调句式是“Is/ was it +被强调部分+ that/ who/whom+从句 ”； 特殊疑问句的强调句式是“特殊疑问词（疑问代词或疑问副词）+is/ was + it that/ who +陈述句语序”。 Was it you that/who broke the window ? Where were you born? → Where was it that you were born? What did you want to see? → What was it that you wanted to see? How many people are being trained for the special work? → How many people is it that are being trained for the special work ?。 2

7．但是如果被强调的部分是人称代词，按理应用人称代词主格形式，但在口语或非正式文体中也可以用其宾格形式，此时that/who的谓语动词要用单数第三人称形式is或was。 It is me who is being asked the favor. 另在It is/was..., not...that...句型中，其谓语动词应与肯定部分的词保持一致关系。 It is my brother, not I that studies in that school. It is you, not your sister that are in charge of the company. 8、感叹句的强调结构，既要体现强调句型的形式特征，又要体现感叹句的自然语序。 How happy he looks! → How happy it is that he looks! What a clever boy he is! → What a clever boy it is that he is! 9、强调句型的鉴别方法及相似句型的辨析。 强调句型极易与定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句等相关句型混淆，判断的方法是：强调句型中去掉It is/was„that剩下的部分在语法和意义上仍然是一个完整的句子。如：It was yesterday that I met him. 去掉句中的It was …that 该句为：Yesterday I met him. 句意和语法都非常正确，说明这是一个强调句。而其它句型则不行。 10、强调句在名词性从句中的使用。对名词性从句引导词强调的句式是“引导词+it is/ was +that +句子其余部分”。 The question is whom it is that we can turn to for help. The teacher wanted to know what it was that prevented his students from listening to him. 11. 定语从句与强调句的混合考查。 It was in the company where I worked two years ago that I met a foreigner. （第一个空通常是定语从句，第二个空通常是强调句。）

考点二：其它类型的强调 1、 使用助动词强调谓语 “助动词do//does/ did+ 动词原形”可用来表示强调。 As you can see, I did escape. Maria, do tell us a little about the Venice Film Festival. 2、 使用very 强调名词 very 与 the, this或my, your等连用，以加强语气。 This is the very book that I’m looking for.这正是我在找的书。 Those were her very words.那些都是他的原话。 3、 使用介词短语加强语气 In the world, on earth, at all等介词短语可用来加强语气，通常用于疑问句，at all还可以用于否定句。 What on earth can I talk about? 我究竟该说些什么? 4、 使用重复加以强调。有时重复使用某些短语，以达到强调的目的。 They walked for miles and miles.他们走了好多英里。 3

跟踪练习 1. It is the ability to do the job______ matters not where you come from or what you are. A. one B. that C. what D. it 2. David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature _______ he chose the course. A. that B. what C. why D. how 3. It is these poisonous products _______ can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. A .who B. that C .how D .what 4. Why! I have nothing to confess. _______ you want me to say? A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that 5. It was with great joy _______ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. A. because B. which C. since D. that 6. An awful accident _______, however, occur the other day. A. does B. did C. has to D. had to 7. It was not until she got home _______ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys. A. when B. that C. where D. before 8. It was_______ black home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go 9. ----- ________that he managed to get the information? ----- Oh, a friend of his helped him. A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was I D. Why was it 10. It was not until near the end of the letter _____ she mentioned her own plan. A. that B. where C. why D. when 11. It was only after he had read the papers _____ Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete. A. when B. that C. which D. what 12. It was with the help of the local guide _______the mountain climber was rescued. A. who B. that C. when D. how 13. Why? I have nothing to confess. ________ you want me to say? A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that 14. ------ Is it my age _______ the boss minds? ------ I’m afraid not. He will consider ______ necessary to have an experienced assistant. A. which; it B. that; it C. which; that D. that; that 15. It’s not what we do once in a while________ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently. A. which B. that C. how D. when 16. Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree?