2009年成人高考高升专英语语法复习要点
阅读和完型这两到大题分值不低，他们是要考生有词汇和语法的基础才能做好的。所以英语语法和词汇是学好、考好英语的重要基础，其实完形填空是对语法、词汇的综合考查，但更关键的是学好此部分有助于对英语句子结构的分析和理解，有助于考生掌握灵活多变的句式，这样不仅有助于考生做好阅读理解，而且有助于学生做好写好作文。因此，在此提出了有关重点语法的知识点，希望同学们认真掌握，切不可因不靠它们而忽视了对英语基础知识的掌握。再多做书上的专项练习题及模拟试题练习，使大家对学过的语法知识得以巩固。
一、动词时态及语态题
(要记住九种时态，特别是其中的过去完成，过去进行时，客观真理要用一般现在时等)
1、The manager told us that this factory was built in 1958.
2、By the time we got there，the play had already begun.
3、When I was a child，I knew that the earth turns about its axis.
4、When Mr.Delay got home after a day's exhausting work，his wife and children were sleeping.
二、非谓语动词题
(特别是现在分词与过时分词的区别，大家一定要弄明白主动与被动这对最最重要的区别)
1、The film showed last night was very moving. (不用moved，大家别忘了-ed形容词和-ing 形容词的区别)
2、Having finishing his lecture，the teacher asked if anyone wished to asked a question.
3、The problem being discussed is very important.
4、Given more time，we are sure to finish it.
5、Will you please make yourself known to everyone here
三、It作形式主语及形式宾语题
(这也是一个常考点，it本身是没有意思的，注意it还可以指时间，天气等。)
1、It is difficult to study English well.
2、We think it is important to pass the exam.
四、强调句型
(大家要记住的是it is(was)……that…，如果前面是it iswas 后面往往选用that，当然强调人的时候也可用who)
1、It was at an evening party that I first saw her.
2、It is what you will do that is important.
3、When was it that he bought a new car
五、倒装句型
全部倒装句(这种全部倒装题历年只考过一次，考得最多的都是下面的部分倒装)
1、Stop talking!There comes the teacher.
部分倒装句(如果选项里面有两个主谓倒装了，两个没有，我们一般要在倒装里做选择)
1、So badly was he hurt in the accident that he had to be sent to hospital.
2、Not only does he study well，but also he is always ready to help others.
3、Mary has done well in the English exam. So she has. She always does well in the exam.
六、从句中选择关系词题
(重点在定语从句)
1、It was in so friendly a way that he talked with us.
2、Oct.15，2005 is a day when we will take our English examination.
3、We want to buy the same book as you are reading.
4、The sun heats the earth，which is very important to living things.
七、虚拟语气
(我们要记住与现在，过去，将来相反的三种情况，特别是与过去相反的情况最常考，再有就是wishas if 后面所接的三种情况，还有一个常考点在suggest，demand，require，order等表示建议，要求，命令的词后面加从句时，从句里谓语要用(should)+动词原形，如果是被动则用(should +be +动词过去分词)
1、I would have done it better if I had had more time.
2、I wish you would go with us tomorrow.
3、I suggest that we (should )adopt a different policy.
4、Had it not been for your help，we would never have been able to get over the difficulties.
八、情态动词题
(除了掌握常见情态动词基本用法外，常考点在三种表推测的情况，分别为must表对现在事情的肯定推测，can't表对现在事实的否定推测，must have +v-ed表示对过去事实的肯定推测，而should则表示过去应该做某事而没有做)
1、The ground is so wet，it must have rained last night.
2、She must be a doctor，I think.
3、I should have called you last week，but I was too busy then.
九、几组形容词及副词区别题
(注意比较级、最高级、倍数表达;likely,possible,probable;worth,worthy;too much,much too;already,yet等)
1、His books are three time as many as my books.
2、The Nile river is the longest river in the world.
3、It is much too hot tonight.
4、The harder he worked，the happier he felt.
十、主谓一致题
(往往出题者都是考谓语动词选单数这种情况，如each，every，everyone这样的词作主语以及Mary，like many other girls likes listening to music这样的题)
1、The moral of the officers and crew was very high.
2、Each boy and each girl in the city is asked to go to school.
3、Neither the quality nor the prices have changed.(近位原则)
十一、动词及动词词组区别题
(常考的有：
raise,rise,arise,arose;,spend,cost,take,pay,afford;,wound,injure,hurt,damage;,find,find out,discover,invent; hit,strike,ring,beat;,tell,say,speak,talk;,join,join in,take part in等以及练习题中的动词短语)
1、Can you tell the difference between these two words
2、He joined the army three years ago.
十二、主句用将来时，从句则用一般现在时
(或现在完成时)表将来题
1、They will leave the classroom when they have finished writing.
2、We will start to work as soon as our teacher comes.
十三、名词所有格以及名词后面有限定时则该名词前一定要加定冠词the
(名词的格有以下两种情况，Tom'book，以及the books of our school，特别是用of表示的所有格我们一定要习惯这种表达)
1、Beijing is the capital of China.
2、He can't have the expience of all of the world.
十四、常用介词区别
(如on，in，except ,besides，within，without，through等)
1、You should write in ink not with your pencil.
2、He pulled her into the train by the arm.
3、by bus,train,air…。On foot，,on the farm，,in the morning/afternoon/evening，at night/noon
十五、常考代词
(常考的有:other,others，another,the other;sometimes,some time,sometime;that,which; what，either,neither or;too,also,either;many,much,a great deal of,a great number of,
a great amount of; a few,few,little,a little; as long as ,as far as;so long as,so far as )
1、That you don't like him is none of my business.
2、The weather in the north is much colder than that in the south in January.
3、He must be a worker. I think so.
考研英语十二大基础语法体系 对于任何英语句子，要分析其结构，这样才能找到英语语言的规律。每种语言都有它的难点，汉语的难点在于汉语不是拼读语言，汉字很难写，而且有四种声调。其实，许多接触过多种外语的人都认为，英语的语法比法语、德语、俄语、日语等都简单，是最容易学的。著名语言学家乔姆斯基说过，语法是内生的、也就是随着语言的诞生而诞生的。因此，学习语法和学习语言是相辅相成的。 一、英语动词的时态 （一）英汉两种语言在时态表达方式上的差异： 英语的词类与汉语的不同。汉语词类形态稳定，比如“书”这个字，“一本书”、“三本书”都一样，没有词形变化。英语就不同了，book, books仅从词形上就能知道是单数还是复数。 动词是英语中变化最多、最复杂的词类。有人说，学好英语就是学好动词，此言甚是。同一个动作或状态分别在不同时间发生或存在，表达这个动作或状态的动词就要用不同的形式，这就是时态。 （二）英语动词的形式： 英语的时态是通过动词的变化来体现的。因此，了解动词的形式及其变化规律非常重要。英语的实义动词有以下五种形式： (1)动词原形：动词原形在句子中形式不变。主要用于主语为非第三人称单数的一般现在时，情态动词之后， 或根据语法规定必须用动词原形的其他情况。 (2) 一般现在时第三人称单数形式（简称现单三）：主要用于主语为第三人称单数的一般现在时。 (3) 过去式：主要用于一般过去时。 (4) 现在分词：主要用于进行时态，或语法规定的其他情况。 (5) 过去分词：主要用于完成时态，或语法规定的其他情况。 动词一般现在时第三人称单数（现单三）的构成，见下表：
即某些字母组合的不规则动词有一定的规律。如：weep→wept, sleep→slept, sweep→swept 以上每个时间段中分别有四种状态：一般、进行、完成和完成进行。因此我们便有了四四一十六个时态。 态（一般、进行、完成、完成进行）。 比如在“They are doing their exercises.”这个句子中，动词由原形do 变成are doing 的形态，说明这个事情是发生在现在、并处于正在进行的状态当中，所以叫现在进行时； 在“They have done their exercises.”这句中，动词由原形do 变成have done的形态，说明这个事情是发生在现在、并处于完成的状态，所以叫现在完成时； 在“They always do their exercises.”中，动词用原形do 的形态，说明这个事情是发生在现在、并且是一般情况下永远如此，所以叫一般现在时。 在这三句话中，动词do 虽然用了不同的形态，其意义没有变化，而是事情发生的时间和状态变了。其余类推。 （三）时态详解 16个时态中，常用的有12个：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时和过去完成进行时。其他时态很少单独使用。 下面把各种时态的构成和用法做一个全面的介绍。
PEP小学英语重点句型语法总结 人教版PEP教材在小学阶段涉及的重要语法知识主要有7种： to be句型、there be句型、一般现在时句型、现在进行时句型、一般过去时句型、情态动词can 引导的句型、be going to句型等，简要总结如下： [一] to be句型：用于介绍个人情况如姓名、健康状况、身份、国籍、家庭成员、朋友、职业等，描述地点、颜色、四季、日期、星期几等 1. Who's your English teacher? Mr. Carter. 2. What's he like? He's tall and strong. 3. Is she quiet? No, she isn't. She is very active. 4. Is she strict? Yes, she is, but she's very kind. 5. What day is it today? It's Wednesday. 6. What's your favourite fruit/food…? 7. They're sweet/ sour/ salty/ healthy/… 8. When is your birthday? It's in May. 9. My birthday is in June. Uncle Bill's birthday is in June, too. 10. Is her birthday in June? Yes, it is. 11. What's the date? 12.This is Zhang Peng. 13. Where is the cinema, please? It's next to the hospital. 14. How tall are you？I'm 164 cm tall. 15. You are shorter than me. 16.You're 4 cm taller than me. 17.How heavy are you? I'm 48 kg. 18. I'm thinner than you, and shorter. 19. What's the matter with you? My throat is sore. 20. How are you, Liu Yun / Sarah? [二] there be句型：表示存在，即：“某处有某物”或“某时有某事”。句型基本结构为：There is+ 可数名词单数或不可数名词+时间或地点。There are+可数名词复数+地点。如： 1. There are two bedrooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a living room. 2. There is a mirror, a bed and a big closet. --1-- 3. Is there a forest in the park? Yes, there is. 4. Is there a river? No, there isn't. 5. Are there any pandas in the mountains? No, there aren't. 6. Are there any fish in the rivers? Yes, there are. [三] 一般现在时句型：表示习惯性的动作或行为，或现在存在着的状况。句型基本结构为：主语+行为动词+其他。当主语是第三人称单数时，要在动词原形后面加s或es，其他人称作主
小学六年级英语语法毕业复习知识点【七大类】 一、词类 动词、名词和形容词不太容易区分, 如不能一眼看出, 可用如下方法:先用“一( 量词)”( 如:一个、一张等)和这个词连起来说, 如说得通, 一般认为 是名词;说不通再用“很”去判断, 就是把“很”和为个词连起来说, 说得通一 般就是形容词;都说不通就是动词。( 目前我们学过的, 以后可能不同)( 另外 一些很明显的, 如人称代词、数词、情态动词等一下就可以知道) 1、动词这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称, 其中包括行为动词( 就是我 们平时总说的那种动词)、 be动词、情态动词。 ( 1)行为动词就是我们平时上课时说的动词, 表示某一动作或行为。如:sw eep、 live等。 行为动词我们已学过它们的四种形式:原形、 +s/es、 +ed、 +ing, 具体判 断方法如下: ↗有, 就加ing读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看有无be动词( 若是be going to 就用原形)↘没有, 再看情态动词↗有, 就用原形↗有, 就 加ed↘没有, 再看有无表示过去的时间状语↗是第三人称单数就加s或es ↘没有, 再看主语↘不是第三人称单数就用原形 ( 2)be动词a、 Am--was Is --was Are--were 口诀:我用am, 你用are, is 用在他她它, 所有复数全用are。 b、肯定和否定句 I am ( not) from London. He is( not) a teacher. She is( not) in the dining room. My hair is( not) long. Her eyes are ( not) small. c、一般疑问句Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. Is the cat fat? Yes, i t is. No, it isn’t. 我们现在学过的be动词大致分两类:is、 am、 are为一类, 一般用于一般现在时、现在进行时和一般将来时中, was和were为另一类, 一般用于一般过去时。 判断步骤: ↗第一、三人称单数, 就用was↗有, 再看人称↘第二人称单数 和所有复数, 就用were看有无表示过去的时间状语↗第一人称单数, 就用am↘ 没有, 再看人称→第三人称单数, 就有is↘第二人称单数和所有复数, 就用are ( 3)情态动词情态动词也是一类特殊的动词, 平时我们不把它说成是动词。情态动词可以和行为动词同时出现在同一个句子中。我们现在学过的情态动词有: can、 must、 should、 would、 may。接触最多的是can。情态动词后动词总是 用原形。( 不受其他任何条件影响)
定语从句练习题 1. The settlers were unprepared for the long and patient toil ____ the soil would be made to yield crops. [A] by which alone [B] so that [C] because [D] though 2. Most electronic devices of this kind, ____manufactured for such purposes, are tightly packed. [A] that are [B] as are [C] which is [D] it is 3. The commentator must know the value of silence and how to use it at those moments ____ the pictures speak for themselves. [A] if [B] when [C] which [D] as 4. Children are likely to have less supervision at home ____ was common in the traditional family structure. [A] than [B] that [C] which [D] as 5. The Social Security Retirement Program is made up of two trust funds, ____ could go penniless by next year. [A] the larger one [B] the larger of which [C] the largest one [D] the largest of which 6. Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, ____ obtaining water is not the least. [A] of which [B] for what [C] as [D] whose 7. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of getting cancer than ____ in the public mind today. [A] exists [B] exist [C] existing [D] existed 8. The professor can hardly find sufficient grounds ____ his argument in favor of the new theory. [A] which to base on [B] on which to base [C] to base on which [D] which to be based on 9. ____ is generally accepted, economical growth is determined by the smooth development of production. [A] What [B] That [C] It [D] As 10. No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything ____ going on in the world. [A] it is [B] as is [C] there is [D] what is 11. I’ve kept up a friendship with a girl whom I was at school ____ twenty years ago. [A] about [B] since [C] till [D] with 12. He studied hard at school when he was young, ____ contributes to his success in later life. [A] which [B] therefore [C] who [D] so that 13. The minister was the person ____. [A] in whose honor the state dinner was given [B] whom the state dinner was given in honor [C] for him the state dinner was given honor [D] whose honor the state dinner was given 14. This is an exciting area of study, and one ____ which new applications are being discovered almost daily. [A] from [B] by [C] in [D] through 15. ____ can be seen from the comparison of these figures, the principle involves the active participation of the
六年级语法总复习 一、词汇 （一）一般过去时态 一般过去时态表示在过去的某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。例如yesterday, last weekend ,last Saturday ,等连用。基本句型：主语+动词的过去式+其他。例句——What did you do last weekend?你上周做什么了？ ——I played football last weekend.我踢足球了。 ★规则动词过去式的构成 ⒈一般在动词原形末尾加-ed。例如：play—played ⒉词尾是e的动词直接加-d。例如：dance—danced ⒊末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。例如stop（停止）--stopped ⒋结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，变“y”为“i”，再加-ed，例如：study--studied ★一些不规则变化的动词过去式 am/is—was are—were go—went swim—swam fly—flew do—did have—had say—said see—saw take—took come—came become—became get—got draw—drew hurt—hurt read—read tell—told will—would eat—ate take—took make—made drink—drank sleep(睡觉)—slept cut（切）--cut sit(坐)—sat begin(开始)—began think—thought find—found run(跑)---ran buy—bought win—won give(给)—gave sing—sang leave—left hear（听）--heart wear—wore （二）一般现在时态 一般现在时态表示包括现在时间在内的一段时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态，表示习惯性或客观存在的事实和真理。常与often ,always ,usually ,sometimes ,every day等连用。基本句型分为两种情况： ●主语（非第三人称）+动词原形+其他。例句：——What do you usually do on the weekend?——I usually do my homework on the weekend. ●主语（第三人称）+动词的第三人称单数形式+其他。例句： ——What does Sarah usually do on the weekend?萨拉通常在周末干什么？ ——She usually does her homework on the weekend.她通常在周末做她的家庭作业。 ★动词第三人称单数形式的变化规则 ⒈一般直接在动词词尾加-s.例如：play—plays ⒉以s ,x ,ch,sh结尾的动词加-es。例如：watch—watches ⒊以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加es,例如：fly—flies ⒋个别不规则变化动词，需单独记忆，例如：do—does go—goes （三）现在进行时态 现在进行时态表示说话人现在正在进行的动作。基本句型：主语+be+动词的-ing+其他。 例如:——What are you doing ?你在干什么？ ——I am doing my homework..我正在做作业。 ★动词现在分词的变化规则 ⒈一般直接在词尾加ing ，例如;wash—washing ⒉以不发音e字母结尾的动词，去掉e ,再加ing.例如：make—making ⒊末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，要双写最后一个辅音字母再加ing.例如swim—swimming （四）一般将来时态 一般将来时态表示将来某一时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示将来的时间如tomorrow ,next weeken ,this afternoon 等连用。我们通常用will,be going to+动词原形来表示一般将来时态。
参考译文：如果这些问题得不到解决，研究行为的技术手段就会继续受到排斥，解决问题的唯一方式不能也随之继续受到排斥。 分析：很明显，and with it possibly the only way to solve our problem，是一个省略句，with做状语一般表示伴随，这一个分句只有一个状语加一个名词结构，构不成一个完整的句子。实际上，与前句相同的成分才会被省略，前一句的谓语部分是：will continue to be rejected. 所以，后一分句补充完整就是：with the rejection of the technology of behavior, possibly the only way to solve our problem will continue to be rejected. 三、从句 从句不能单独成句，但它也有主语部分和谓语部分，就像一个句子一样。所不同在于，从句须由一个关联词（connective）引导。根据引导从句为主不同大概可分为：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句6类。前四类由于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句及同位语从句在句子的功用相当于名词，所以通称名词性从句；定语从句功能相当于形容词，称为形容词性从句；而状语从句功能相当于副词，称为副词性从句。状语从句还可以分为条件状语从句、原因状语从句、地点状语从句和时间状语从句。在翻译的时候，它会成为一个考点，所在在做题的时候，一定要辨清它到底是什么从句，正确地翻译出来。
例如：Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak,or that they prey only on“worthless”species.（2010，翻译） 分析：本题中含有两个并列的同位语从句，that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on“worthless”species.两个that的内容是对前面的evidence进行补充说明或解释。 总之，这是在历年考研英语的基础之上总结的三个重点语法，它们重点中的重点，每年都会以一定的形式出现在考题中，希望广大考生引起足够重视，各个击破！ 中国大学网考研频道。 参考译文：如果这些问题得不到解决，研究行为的技术手段就会继续受到排斥，解决问题的唯一方式不能也随之继续受到排斥。 分析：很明显，and with it possibly the only way to solve our problem，是一个省略句，with做状语一般表示伴随，这一个分句只有一个状语加一个名词结构，构不成一个完整的句子。实际
高中英语语法知识点总结 一、定语从句与强调句陷阱题详解 1、The factory was built in a secret place, around _________ high mountains、 A、 which was B、 it was C、 which were D、 them were 【陷阱】 容易误选A或B，将 A、B中的 which 和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。 【分析】 最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是 high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数 was。请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _________ some fruit shops、 A、 which is B、 it is
C、 which are D、 them are(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside _________ the city police station、 A、 which are B、 it is C、 which is D、 them are(3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _________ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food、 A、 which are B、 it is C、 which is D、 them are 2、 A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?” A、 that B、 which C、 where D、 what
1. 名词性从句考点 1、引导词 that 与 what；that 与 whether； if 与 whether；what 与 how等的区别； 2、名词性从句的时态和语序问题； 3、名词性从句的语气问题； 4、同位语从句与定语从句的比较区别。 3. I really appreciate _____ to relax with you on this nice island. 01 上海 A. to have had time B. having time C. to have time D. to having time B 仅带动名词作宾语的动词为：admit appreciate avoid delay enjoy escape excuse prevent finish imagine mind practise resist risk suggest stand forgive keep allow advise permit forbid 但如果在 allow advise permit forbid 后提到有关的人，就只能用 不定式作宾补。在动词 want, need, require, demand 等词后加动名词作宾语 时表示被动意义，相当于 to be done。 4. --- You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. --- Well, now I regret _____ that. 95 N A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done 5. --- Let me tell you something about the journalists. --- Don’t you remember _____ me the story yesterday? 99 上海 A. told B. telling C. to tell to have told 6. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _____ for another hour. 02 上海春季 A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting D B A 特别注意带不定式和动 名词作宾语时意义不同的动词： remember, forget, regret, try, go on, mean, miss, stop 7. How about the two of us ___ a walk down the garden?
英语语法总结全集 名词和主谓一致 一、名词的分类 英语中名词主要可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。 1．可数名词 可数名词一般都有单复数。单数时，名词前可加不定冠词a/an；复数时，前面可加数词，名词本身要改成复数形式。 可数名词的复数有规则和不规则两种变化。规则的名词，只要在单数名词之后加“s”，“es”或去“y”加“ies”就行，如：an umbrella, twelve umbrellas；a factory, three factories。不规则的名词变化则要靠积累记忆，如：a mouse, ten mice；a policeman, six policemen。 有少数可数名词，如sheep，works（工厂），Chinese等，它们的单复数同形：a sheep, four sheep；a chemical works, five chemical works。 此外，还有一些可数名词只有复数形式，如clothes，trousers，cattle，police，people(人，人民)等。 英语名词中还有一些合成词，它们的复数形式有三种可能：1）后面的部分变成复数形式：grown-ups，boy students，grandchildren。2）前面的部分变成复数形式：passers-by，lookers-on，sons-in-law。3）前、后都变成复数形式：men doctors，women drivers。 2．不可数名词 不可数名词没有单复数的变化，前面也不能加a/an，或数词。但是我们可以用量词来表示不可数名词的数量，单复数表现在量词上，如：a piece of paper；two pieces of paper。 在有些情况下，不可数名词也可用a/an，表“一种”、“某种”的意思，如have a wonderful time，receive a good education，be made into a fine paper。 有时为了表示量大，不可数名词的后面也可加“s”，如sands，ashes，waters等。 但是我们在学习不可数名词的时候，特别要记住英语中有一些名词，它们无论在什么情况下，前面都不能用a/an，后面也不可加“s”，如weather，information，等。 3．有的名词既可是可数名词，也可是不可数名词 英语中有相当一部分的名词，既可以是可数，也可以是不可数，它们的意义有时略有不同，有时则完全不同。如：difficulty, success, time, work，paper，glass，等。 4．用于表示可数与不可数名词的数量“多”“少”的常用词和词组 跟可数名词连用的如：few, a few, many。 跟不可数名词连用的如：little, a little, much。 可数与不可数都能用的是：a lot of , plenty of。 二、主谓一致 1．通常被看作单数的主语部分 1）不定式、动名词和主语从句。 eg.. To see is to believe. Seeing is believing. What he said was different from what he did. 2）表示“时间”“距离”“金钱数量”的名词。 eg. Twenty years is quite a long time. 10 kilometers doesn’t seem to be a long distance to Mira. 300 dollars is too much for this old coin. 3）数学式子。 eg. Two plus five is seven. 4）书报杂志、国家、单位的名字。 eg. The Times is published daily. The United States is a big country. 5）前面用a kind of, a sort of或this kind of, this sort of等词组的名词。 eg. This kind of tree(s) often grows well in warm weather. 6）代词either, neither作主语。
六年级英语语法知识点整理 一、a number of ,the number of a number of 意思是“许多”，相当于a lot of ; the number of意思是“……的数目,……的数量”，当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 A number of students like playing computer games. 许多学生喜欢玩电脑游戏。 The number of the students is about 1500 in our school. 我们学校学生的人数大约是1500。 二、基数词变序数词助记歌。 基变序，有规律，末尾加上th;一、二、三特殊记，八加h ，九去e ，ve要用f替;以e结尾变ie，后跟th莫忘记。要想表示几十几，只变个位就可以。 特殊变化：one—first ,two—second ,three—third ,five—fifth , nine—ninth ,twelve—twelfth ,forty—fortieth , eight-nine—eighty-ninth 三、概数(略数)表达法 数词+hundred/thousand/million/billion+名词复数 hundreds/thousands/millions/billions of+名词复数 例1 1. __people go swimming in summer in Dalian. A、Thousands B、Thousand of C、Thousands of D、Thousand 2. __the students will take part in this English speech contest. A. Two hundred of B. Two hundreds of C. Hundreds of D. Hundred of
英语语法总结 下文总结了十二个要点： 1、主谓一致 2、时态 3、语态 4、非谓语动词 5、情态动词 6、虚拟语气 7、句子种类 8、名词性从句 9、状语从句 10、定语从句 11、强调句 12、倒装句 当然以上并不是全部要点，还有一些比较基础的，比如：祈使句、省略句、名词等知识点比较简单，在平时做题中自然而然就积累下来了，不需要刻意背诵。 一、主谓一致 主谓一致的关键在于，分条记清楚，不要混淆。 1、以动词不定式短语，动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式； To study English well is not easy.（动词不定式短语作主语） Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. （动名词短语作主语） What he said is very important for us all. （从句作主语） 2、由连接词and或both…and连接起来的主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。但若所连接的两个词是 指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语就用单数形式。 The writer and artist has come. 由and 连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every 或more than a (an)/one,many a (an) 修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。either, neither, each, every 或no+单数名词和由some, any no, every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。 Every student and every teach is in the classroom. Many a boy and many a girl likes it. No boy and no girl likes it. Each of us has a new book. Is everyone here today? Somebody is speaking in class. Everything around us is matter 若none of 后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数。若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。 None of the sugar was left. None of us has (have) been to America. 3、在定语从句里，关系代词that, who, which 等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。（画 线为先行词） Those who want to go please write their names on the blackboard.
六年级语法总复习 亠、词汇 （一）一般过去时态 一般过去时态表示在过去的某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。例如 yesterday, last weeke nd ,last Saturday , 等连用。基本句型：主语+动词的过去式+其他。例句---------- What did you do last weekend? 你上周做什么了？ ---- I played football last weeke nd. 我踢足球了。 ★规则动词过去式的构成 1. 一般在动词原形末尾加-ed。例如：play —played 2. 词尾是e的动词直接加-d。例如：dance —da need 3. 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。例如stop （停止）--stopped 4. 结尾是“辅音字母+y ”的动词，变“ y”为“ i”，再加-ed，例如：study-studied ★ 一些不规则变化的动词过去式 am/is —was are —were go -—went swim -— swam fly —flew do —did have —had say —-said see—sawtake —took come —came become —became get—got draw —drew hurt — -hurt read —read tell —told will —would eat — ate take —took make —made drink —drank sleep （睡 觉）—slept cut （切）--cut sit（坐）—sat begin（开始）—began th ink —thought find —found run（跑）---ra n buy —bought win -— won give（给）—gave sing —sang leave —left hear （听）--heart wear ——wore （二）一般现在时态 一般现在时态表示包括现在时间在内的一段时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态，表示习惯性或客观存在 的事实和真理。常与ofte n ,always ,usually ‘sometimes ,every day等连用。基本句型分为两种情况： ?主语（非第三人称）+ 动词原形+ 其他。例句：----What do you usually do on the weeke nd? --------------- I usually do my homework on the weeke nd. ?主语（第三人称）+动词的第三人称单数形式+其他。例句： ---- What does Sarah usually do on the weeke nd? 萨拉通常在周末干什么？ ---- She usually does her homework on the weeke nd. 她通常在周末做她的家庭作业。 ★动词第三人称单数形式的变化规则 1 一般直接在动词词尾加-s.例如：play —plays 2. 以s ,x ,ch,sh 结尾的动词加-es。例如：watch —watches 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加es,例如：fly —flies 4. 个别不规则变化动词，需单独记忆，例如：do —does go —goes （三）现在进行时态
高中英语语法知识点总结 Unit One Friendship 一、重点短语 1.go through 经历，经受 get through 通过；完成；接通电话 2. set down 记下，放下 3. a series of 一系列 4 on purpose 有目的的 5. in order to 为了 6. at dusk 傍晚，黄昏时刻 7. face to face 面对面 8. fall in love 爱上 9. join in 参加（某个活动）； take part in 参加（活动） join 加入（组织，团队，并成为其中一员） 10. calm down 冷静下来 11. suffer from 遭受 12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦 13. be concerned about 关心 14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽 15. be good at/do well in 擅长于… 16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是… 17. no longer / not …any longer 不再…
18. too much 太多（后接不可数n.） much too 太…(后接adj.) 19. not…until 直到…才 20. it’s no pleasure doing sth 做…并不开心 21. make sb. sth. 使某人成为… make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 二、语法----直接引语和间接引语 概念：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。 例： Mr. Black said, “ I’m busy.” Mr. Black said that he was busy. 变化规则 （一）陈述句的变化规则 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that（可省略）引导，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化。 人称的变化——人称的变化主要是要理解句子的意思 例：1. He said, “ I like it very much.”→ He said that he liked it very much. 2. He said to me, “I’v left my book in your room.” → He told me that he had left his book in my room. 时态的变化
考研英语语法虚拟语气解析（一） 虚拟语气是谓语动词的一种形式，用来表示假设，或用来表示命令、建议以及说话人的主 观愿望，有时也可以使语气缓和、委婉。虚拟语气作为一重点语法，在各类考试中占有相当 大的分值，所以理解该语法，不管对于考试，还是在日常应用中都有相当大的作用，本节将 就考试重点作详细讲解。 一、虚拟语气的用法 常用于条件句中，表示与现在、将来、过去相反的假设，表示与现在、将来、过去相反假设时，主句与从句谓语动词的变化形式，现以动词do为例说明。 主句从句现在would/should/could/might + do be 宀were/do 宀did 将来 would/should/could/might + do were to + do/should + do （只能用should）过去 would/should/could/have done had done注：有些语法书中在"与将来相反假设”的条件从句中也有do i did，这样就和“与现在相反假设”的主句、从句完全相似，其主要区别在于各自的时间状语上，另外如果在“与将来相反假设”的条件从句中出现should+ do，那么主句 中就避免使用should+do，可以用would/could/might+do。 例句：If you were to exam ine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006 s World Cup tour name nt, you would most likely find a no teworthy quirk. （选自2007 年Text 1） 分析：该句是复合句。 译文：假如你去调查2006年世界杯上每位足球运动员的出生证明，你很可能会发现一 个值得注意的现象。 例句：If that happe ned, passi on ate con sumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, putting the reputation of the target company at risk.（选自2011 年Text 3）分析：该句是复合句，表示与现在相反的假设。其中，分词短语putting the reputation of the target company at risk在句中作状语，表示结果。 译文：这种情况一旦发生，充满激情的消费者会尽力说服他人抵制产品，从而使目标企业的声誉处于危 险境地。 例句：Everything here would have been destroyed utterly , if his wife hadn t called the fire brigade. 分析：该句是复合句。 译文：要不是他的妻子给消防队打电话，这里的一切就被彻底地破坏了。 二、混合式虚拟语气 有时条件从句和主句时态不一致，可以根据主句、从句动作发生的时间分别运用相应的 虚拟语气。 例句：He would be studying at the university now if he had passed the entrance exam in ati on.