初三英语2讲

2012暑期京方初三英语讲义2 1 第二讲 动词的被动语态1 学习目标：掌握各种时态的被动语态的结构 能够正确的把主动语态变为被动语态 掌握被动语态的各种特殊用法 重难点：被动语态的几种特殊用法

思考题：中文：我被抢了；这件事受到很多人的热议？ 英文：“被”，“受到”如何表达？

一、定义 主动语态： 巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。 被动语态： 巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。 Eg. They are called bananas. 主语They是动词call的承受者。

二、构成 公式为： be（有时态和人称数的变化）+动词的过去分词

1. 一般现在时： 2. 一般过去时： 3. 一般将来时： * 4. 现在进行时： * 5. 现在完成时： 6. 带情态动词的被动语态：

三、被动语态的用法： 作文中 (歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要， 动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。) 1 不知动作执行者时,常用被动语态. eg. This car is made in America. 2. 不必要说出动作执行者时,常用. eg. Rome was not built in a day. 3. 为了突出强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态.eg. English is spoken in many countries .

四、主变被的方法:宾变主，主变宾，by的短语后面跟。 谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。

A. 一般现在时：am (is, are) done. 1. Many people speak Spanish in America.

2. Children play “treat or trick” on that day. 3. They make the bikes in the factory. 4. Where do they make the machine? 2012暑期京方初三英语讲义2 2 B. 一般过去时： was (were) done 1. They brought many presents there.

2. My brother mended her radio just now. 3. Did your father write the book? 4. A Piano concert _____________(give) here last Friday.

C. 一般将来时： will (shall) be done 1. We will hold the sports meeting next time.

2. They will found a party soon. 3. That play ________(put) on again sometime next month.

及时练习： 将下列句子改成被动语态 1. This farm grows beautiful flowers. Beautiful flowers ___ _____ ________ this farm. 2. They use this room for playing pingpong. This room ____ _______ for playing pingpong. 3. She looked after the children quite well. The children _____ ________ after quite well. 4. Do you often clean your room. _____ your room often ______ by you? 5. Li Ping was ill. His mother sent him to hospital at once. Li Ping was ill. He ____ ______ to hospital at once. 6. Will they show a new film next week? _______ a new film ___ _____ next week?

D、含有情态动词的被动语态----- “情态动词＋be＋过去分词” 1 We can repair this watch in two days.

2. People should stop cars at once. 3. The stars _____________ (can see) in the daytime. 2012暑期京方初三英语讲义2

3 阅读理解 Washington D.C. is the capital of the United States. It's the center of national government （政府）. It's a busy, working city with a large population. But what is more, Washington is also a city of history and culture（文化）. In 1790, Congress（议会）decided to place the nation's new capital in the east of the country. It was built half-way between the northern and southern states of America. And of course it was named after George Washington, the first President of the United States. There are many tourist sights（景点） in Washington. Perhaps the most important tourist sight is the Capital Building. Another world-famous building in Washington is the White House. This is the home and office of the President of the United States. Most visitors are, however, surprised by how small the White House is. Washington is also a great culture city. The Library of Congress contains one of the largest library collections in the world. The Smithsonian Museum holds the nation's largest collection of cultural materials. And the John F. Kennedy Center is a famous center of art and culture. There are many great musical and theatre performances throughout the year. 1．The writer mainly talks about ________. A．Washington B．the history of Washington C．buildings and sights in Washington D．important people of Washington 2．The White House impresses（给……印象）the people most for ________. A．its white color B．its size C．it is the home and office of the president D．its history 3．The passage mentions ________ buildings. A．six B．five C．four D．three 4．The capital is called Washington because of ______. A．its history B．the first president C．its culture D．It's the center of national government （政府）

单词填空 At present,Coca-Cola is very p . It is e all over the world. 1.6 billion gallons (加仑)are s every year, in over one hundred and sixty c . The d was i by Dr. John Pemberton in Atlanta, on 8 May,1886, but it was g the name Coca-Cola by his partner, Frank Robinson. In the first year, only nine drinks a day w sold. The business was bought by a man c Asa Candler in 1888. Billions of bottles and cans have been produced s 1895. It’s certain that Coca-Coca will be drunk far into the twenty-second century.