2025年中考英语新热点时文阅读-航空航天01（2024·湖北·中考真题）So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites (卫星) and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names.Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e I. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true.Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space projectcalled KuaFu Mission.Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2, 000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground.From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology.1．In China, space scientists get ideas from ________ when naming satellites.①old stories②traditional projects③ancient famous people④popular inventionsA．①②B．①③C．②④D．③④2．What do we know about Chang’e I according to the passage?A．It moves around the moon.B．It protects the Jade Rabbit.C．It “visits” the sun with the scientists.D．It is the world’s first man-made satellite.3．How does the writer support his opinion in Paragraph 4?A．By listing numbers.B．By comparing facts.C．By giving an example.D．By reporting a result.4．Which is the right structure of the passage?(①=Paragraph 1②=Paragraph 2,…)A．B．C．D．5．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage?A．To spread the traditional Chinese culture.B．To explain how our scientists develop the space industry.C．To introduce the achievements in our science and technology.D．To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science.02（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）China has named the spacecraft that will put its astronauts on the moon. The new manned spacecraft is Mengzhou and the lunar lander is Lanyue. China plans to land its astronauts on the moon around 2030. Check the table to learn the details on China’s exciting journey to the moon.6．Which of the following is Lanyue’s task?A．Operate near-Earth space station.B．Support Earth exploration and activities.C．Transport between the ground and space station.D．Work as the center for energy supply on the moon.7．What can we learn from the exploration steps?A．The same rocket sends Mengzhou and Lanyue into space.B．Astronauts reach and leave the moon in the Lanyue lander.C．Mengzhou and Lanyue join together at the space station.D．The Lanyue lander returns to Earth with the samples on the moon.8．What is the purpose of this passage?A．To encourage the youth to make inventions for China’s moon program.B．To tell the reader about the history of China’s lunar exploration journey.C．To offer suggestions on how to take up challenges in the lunar exploration task.D．To give information on the new spacecraft for China’s manned lunar exploration task.03（2024·四川自贡·中考真题）April 24th is Space Day of China. Ever since Yang Liwei made it to space in 2003, about 20 Chinese astronauts have been sent into space.In space, astronauts face many problems. There is little gravity (重力) there, which influences their bodies. Also, being away from family and friends and staying in a tiny spaceship for a long time can make them feel sad or stressed out. What’s more, if something goes wrong suddenly, they have to fix it under huge pressure. That’s why astronauts have to be smart, strong, and ready for any challenge before they can go to space.To make sure that Chinese astronauts complete their tasks and return to Earth safely, 8 kinds, including over 200 subjects of training, are set. Besides physical training, basic science knowledge and mock (模拟) tasks are included. Before astronauts can go to space, they train like this for at least three and a half years.In China’s manned space project, one of the most difficult parts of the training is the underwater training. Thishelps astronauts get ready for the weightless environment in space. And they wear diving suits (潜水服) over 100 kilos and stay underwater for six hours every time.9．What problem do astronauts face according to paragraph 2?A．They have to train under huge pressure.B．They are influenced by little gravity in space.C．They often worry about their family and friends.10．What do astronauts need to do before going to space?A．Master basic science knowledge.B．Experience 8 subjects of training.C．Get three years of underwater training.11．What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 4 refer to (指代)?A．A diving suit.B．Underwater training.C．China’s manned space project.12．What can be the best title for this text?A．Work Hard to Live in SpaceB．Train Hard to Work in SpaceC．Deal with Problems in Space04（2024·山东烟台·中考真题）A Long March 5 rocket took off from the Wenchang Space Launch Site in Hainan province on May 3, 2024. After flying for about 37 minutes, it successfully placed the Chang’e 6 robotic lunar probe (月球探测器) into an Earth-moon transfer trajectory (转移轨道). Several days later the probe was programmed to land on the moon’s far side and started its tasks, which would last about 53 days.This is the world’s first try to bring samples (样本) from the moon’s far side. For China, it’s the second sample-return moon journey. Chang’e 5 successfully brought samples from the moon in the winter of 2020. Up to now, 10 moon sample-return tasks have been carried out by the United States, the former Soviet Union (前苏联) and China, but all these samples were collected from the moon’s near side.The moon’s far side has always been a subject of scientific wonder because of its many mysteries. It’s facing away from Earth and it can never be seen from Earth. It was once called the “dark side of the moon” even though it receives just as much sunlight as the near side.Chinese researchers have found that the soil on the far side is much thicker than that on the near side, but theyhaven’t found out the reason. Samples brought back by Chang’e 5 have helped scientists find that there were volcanic (火山的) activities on the near side around 2 billion years ago. Some scientists thought maybe volcanoes became inactive on the far side about 4 billion years ago. Is it true? Samples from the far side will allow them to know the answer.“Comparing the make-up of the far side samples from Chang’e 6 with those collected from the near side will be of great scientific value to the international community,” said Martin Sweeting, a famous professor of space engineering.13．When did Chang’e 6 begin to work on the moon?A．On May 3, 2024.B．After flying for about 37 minutes.C．In the winter of 2020.D．After landing on the moon’s far side.14．How many times has China got samples from the moon’s near side?A．Once.B．Twice.C．Five times.D．Ten times.15．According to the passage, the moon’s far side ________.A．receives less sunlight than the near sideB．has thicker soil compared with the near sideC．can be seen from Earth with powerful camerasD．has more recent volcanic activities than the near side16．What can we learn from Martin Sweeting’s words?A．Chang’e 6 will stay longer on the moon for more tasks.B．Chang’e 6 is carrying out a valuable task for the world.C．Chang’e 6 will bring samples from both sides of the moon.D．Chang’e 6 can compare samples before bringing them back.05（2024·江西吉安·三模）You’ve heard of space rockets, but have you heard of a space balloon? A company called Space Perspective is planning to use its new balloon called Space Neptune to take people to the edge (边缘) of space. It is expected to take common people on an out-of-the-world vacation in 2024.Taking off from Kennedy Space Center, the trip will take six hours—two hours travelling up, two hours enjoying the view and two hours travelling back. Below the hydrogen (氢气)-filled balloon, a spaceship is large enough for eight travelers to stand and walk freely within. Inside the ship are comfortable seats, free Wi-Fi and evena bar. During the six-hour trip, the guests will be able to send photos or videos to people on the ground while enjoying food and drinks.Although the balloon won’t really fly into space, this won’t be a problem for the guests. At 20 miles above earth, they will experience 360° views of the planet earth and stars, feeling like they are in space, tickets are expensive, though-seats onboard sold for $125,000 each.Unlike rockets, Space Neptune doesn’t give out carbon dioxide (二氧化碳), which always results in hotter temperatures on the earth. The spaceship will also get its hydrogen from clean and renewable (可再生的) energy. This is why space travel with hydrogen balloons is thought to be the most environmentally friendly so far.The great news is that no special training is needed for this ride, but the bad news is, you’ll probably have to wait until 2025 because the first year’s tickets are sold out already. So, start saving up!17．How does the writer start the passage?A．By asking a question.B．By telling a story.C．By giving an example.D．By listing numbers.18．Which picture best shows the balloon space travel?A．B．C．D．19．Which of the following is TRUE according to he passage?A．The spaceship is 100 meters wide.B．The spaceship goes into space by rocket.C．The spaceship carries at most 8 passengers.D．He spaceship will be too hot for passengers. 20．What is Space Neptune like?A．It is educational.B．It is traditional.C．It is dirty.D．It is environmental. 21．What would be the best title for the passage?A．The Space Balloon from the Space Rocket.B．Call on More Trained Astronauts to Space.C．How to Make a Space Balloon.D．A New Way to Travel to Space.06（2024·四川达州·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在文章空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
