8B U 7 第3课时学案

八年级英语备课组 - 第1页 - 第3课时 第3课时8B Unit 7 International charities (Grammar）

班级：_____________ 姓名： ______________

一、用所给词的适当形式填空

1. The students _____often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.

2. That play ________(put) on again sometime last month.

3. The old man is ill. He _________ (must send) to the hospital.

4. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop.

5. The room _____________ (clean) by me every day.

6. A Piano concert _____________(give) here last Friday.

7. Can the magazine __________( take) out of the library?

8. The stars _________________ (can not see) in the daytime.

二、选择题

( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?

A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did; build

( )2. Our teacher ______ carefully.

A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened

( )3.Cotton ____ in the southeast of China.

A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow

( )4. Older people ____ well.

A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after

( )5. A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall last week.

A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. was given

( )6. Neither of them ______ in China.

A. is made B. are made C. were made D. made

( )7. The Great Wall ____ all over the world.

A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known

( )8.Who _____ this book _____?

A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written

三、将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一词。

1. We can finish the work in two days.

The work in two days.

2. They produce silk in Suzhou.

Silk in Suzhou.

3. The children sang an English song yesterday.

An English song by the children.

4. You needn't do it now.

It by you now.

5. Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week.

A New Year Card her by me last week.

6. People use metal for making machines.

Metal for making machines.

完成情况评价：_________ 日期：_______

八年级英语备课组 - 第2页 - 第3课时 第3课时短语

1. hand out 分发 2. the Students’ Union 学生会

3. set up 建起，设立 4. all over the world 全世界

5. with its help 在它的帮助下 6. millions of 数以百万计的

一、英语中的语态

⒈英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

如：Many people speak English. (主动) →English is spoken by many people. (被动)

⒉汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词构成”，其中助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。

二、被动语态的用法

⒈当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。

当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be＋过去分词构成，时态通过动词be表现出来。

⒉被动语态的基本用法

⑴不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

①Some windows were broken last night.

②This book was published in 2005.

＝This book came out in 2005. come out 是Vi短语，不能用于被动语态。

注意：不及物动词或不及物动词短语无被动语态，如：appear, happen, take place等。

⑵只强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。

①Educational CD-ROMs are sold in many countries.

②Rice was first grown in China.

③English is learned all over the world.

学习活动二：小组讨论被动语态的结构

三、被动语态的基本结构

⒈“动作的承受者＋be＋过去分词＋其他＋by＋动作的执行者”。

⒉主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：

将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，

将主动谓语变为被动谓语(be+过去分词)，

将主动语态的主语变为by短语(在被动句中用作状语

按照上述句式改写：承受者 +be+过去分词+其他＋by＋执行者