恋练有词高频词汇Unit 10

★Unit 01★state n。

状态，情况；国；州 v。

陈述;说明；规定statute n. 法令；法规manifestation n. 显示,表现；示威运动statistic n。

统计数值 adj。

统计的;统计学的statistical adj. 统计的;统计学的stationary adj. 固定的；静止的，不动的statement n. （正式或明确的口头或书面）陈述,声明；（意见或观点的)表现,表达understatement n. 保守陈述；不充分的陈述；轻描淡写overstate v. 夸张,夸大地叙述statesman n。

政治家estate n. 房地产；身份；财产devastate v。

毁灭,毁坏devastating adj. 毁灭性的；极具破坏力的workstation n. 工作台status n. 地位；情形；状况；重要身份assert v。

坚称；断言；表明affirm v。

断言;肯定；证实public adj. 公众的；公共的；公开的 n。

公众，民众publication n. 出版；发行；出版物；发行物;公布;发布republican adj。

共和国的;共和政体的；（美国）共和党的；支持共和党的 n.拥护共和政体者；共和主义者publicity n。

公众信息；宣传；公之于众的状况publicized adj。

公开的publicly adv. 公共地;公开地；公众地in public 公开地,当众mass n。

民众;大量civil adj。

公民的law n. 法律；法令;法规；规律；定律claw n. 爪;螯;钳;爪形器具;v. 用爪抓（或挖）lawful adj。

合法的;法定的；法律许可的lawsuit n. 诉讼；诉讼案件flaw n。

瑕疵;裂纹；缺点 v。

使破裂；使有缺陷lawyer n。

律师；法学家legislation n. 法律；法规mean v. 意味着，即是;意指，意思是说；打算，意欲；意义重大 adj. 吝啬的；刻薄的;破旧的 n. 平均值；平均数meaning n. 意义，含义well-meaning adj。

四级恋练有词课程Unit 1A. 单词识记•m an[n.]男人；人类；（有某类嗜好的）人•The man who has made up his mind to win will never s ay "Impossible".—Napoleon•凡是决心取得胜利的人是从来不说"不可能"的。

•同义替换词：•person, mankind, boy, humanity, guy•That's one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.--尼尔·阿姆斯特朗•对于一个人来说，这只是一小步；但是对于人类来说，这却是一大步。

•形近词•manager [n.] 经理；管理人（明星、艺人等的）经纪人；业务管理人•German [adj.] 德国的[n.] 德国人•manufacturer [n.] 生产商；制作商•policeman [n.] 警察•human [adj.] 人的；人类的[n.] 人•can [aux.] 能；会；可能[n.] 罐头；容器[v.] 开罐•[tongue twister]Can you can a can as a canner can a can?你能够像罐头工人一样开罐头吗？•形近词•candidate [n. ] 候选人；投考者•cancer [n. ] 癌，癌症；肿瘤•scan [n. ] 细看；浏览；扫描•candle [n. ] 蜡烛；烛形物；烛光•more [adj.]更多的[adv.]更多地；更大程度上•同义替换词：•furthermore, besides,•additional, additionally•形近词•moreover [adv. ] 再者；加之；此外•furthermore [adv. ] 而且；此外•p e op le[n.] 人；人们；（与政府或上流社会相对的）人民；民众；大众•同义替换词：•mankind, citizen, nation, folk•low [adj.] 低的；矮的；低下的•同义替换词：flat•形近词•follow [v. ] 跟随；跟着；尾随；遵循（建议、指示等）；跟踪•flow [v. ] 流动；流向；（信息）传播•hollow[v. ] 空的；空心的；空洞的•mat [n.] 席子；草席；垫子•形近词•matter [n.] 事情；（是…的）问题；关乎…的问题；（印刷或阅读的）材料；（有形的）物质 [v.] 有关系；要紧；有影响•material [n.] 材料；素材 [adj.] 物质的•l et [v.]允许；让；使•同义替换词：•have, grant, suppose•形近词•completely [adj.] 完整地；齐全地；全部地；彻底地•outlet [n.] 出口；出路；发泄；折扣店•delete [v.] 删除；擦掉•li n e [n.] 行，列；（思想或行动的）步骤；方式，方法；路线 [v. ] 排队；加衬，做里子•同义替换词：•row, range, rank•形近词•gasoline [n.]（美）汽油•headline [n.]（尤指报纸头版的）标题；大字标题；（广播或电视里的）新闻提要•like [v.]喜欢；喜爱；希望[prep.]像；如；像要•同义替换词：•love, prefer, affect•形近词•likely [adj.] 可能的[adv.] 很可能•dislike [v.] 不喜爱；厌恶[n.] 不喜爱；厌恶•alike [adj.] 同样的；相同的•unlikely [adj. ] 不太可能的；未必会发生的•know[v.] 知道；认识；通晓•同义替换词：•be aware of•形近词•knowledge [n.] 知识；学识；知道•unknown [adj.] 不知道的；未知的•many [adj.]许多的；大量的[pron.]许多人•同义替换词：•numerous, multiple, lots of•most [adj.]最多的；最大量的[adv.]最；极其；非常•同义替换词：•maximum•形近词•mostly [adv. ] 主要；大部分•make [v.]做出；制造；使成为；把…做（好）•同义替换词：•produce• A plant may produce new flowers man is young but once.•花有重开日，人无再少年•just [adv.] 刚才；只是；正好•同义替换词：•merely, simply, only, indeed, but•形近词•adjust [v. ] 调整；调节；校正•justify [v.] 证明（决定、行为或想法）正当；表明…必要•justice [n.]正义；公正；司法；审判员•new[adj.] 新的；新近出现的•同义替换词：•fresh•形近词•newspaper [n.] 报纸；报•lie [v.]躺，平放；位于；说谎，欺骗[n.]谎话•形近词•believe [v.] 相信；认为•belief [n.] 信任；相信；信念•may [v.aux.]可能；可以；祝[n.]五月(May)•同义替换词：•can•形近词•maybe [adv.] 大概；或许；也许•mayor [n.] 市长•only[adv.] 只；仅仅[adj.] 唯一的•同义替换词：•merely, barely, unique, simply•come[v.]来，来到；出现•同义替换词：•occur, happen, become•形近词•become [v.] 变成；成为；变得•outcome [n.] 结果；结局；后果•overcome [v.] 战胜；克服；控制•get [v.] 变得；成为；到达[v.] 使得；获得；变成；收到•同义替换词：•acquire, gain, obtain•形近词•forget [v.] 忘记；遗忘C. 单词应用•man[n.] 男人•2011-12 阅读•“In mixed schools, boys feel compelled to act like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means, ”the study reported.•human [adj.] 人类的•2000-6 阅读•One strength of the human condition is our tendency to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances.•candidate [n.] 候选人；投考者•2009-12 阅读•Throughout this long, tense election, everyone has focused on the presidential candidates and how they’ll change America.•flo w[v.] 流动；流向；（信息）传播•2013-6 阅读•If they generate more power than the home is using, the excess flows into the utility’s power grid.•completely [adj.] 完整地；齐全地；全部地；彻底地•2010-6 阅读•Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane—the area least subject to impact—from its original position in the landing wells.•like [prep.] 像•2013-6 阅读•Aside from the panels on the roof, Premier Gardens looks like a community of conventional homes.•justice [n.] 正义；公正；司法；审判员•2003-阅读•Obviously the justices did not show their personal preferences, their mere likes and dislikes, they stated their considered judgment, painstakingly arrived at after thorough inquiry and deliberation.•come[v.]来；出现•2013-6 阅读•In the absence of societal pressures to maintain pair-bonds, O’Sullivan suggests that romantic love has increasingly come to be seen as the factor that should determine who we stay with and for how long.•alike [adj.] 同样的；相同的•2003-9 阅读•Television passes information, and indiscriminately, to all viewers alike, whether they are children or adults.•new[adj.] 新的•2013-6 阅读•Large companies have a difficult time switching into new markets because there is a temptation to put existing assets into the new businesses.Unit 2A. 单词识记•less [adj.] 更少的[adv.] 更少地•同义替换词：•tiny, little, small•More haste, less speed.•欲速则不达•形近词•nevertheless [adv.] 然而；不过•endless [adj.]无止境的；无边无际的；无休止的•careless [adj.] 粗心的；漫不经心的•hopeless [adj.] 没有希望的；绝望的•worthless [adj.] 无价值的；无用的•conversation [n.] 会话；非正式会谈•同义替换词：•dialogue•The reading of all good books is like a conversation with the finest men of past centuries. -- Descartes•所有的好书，读起来就如同和过去世界上最杰出的人谈话。

新东方恋练有词考研英语词汇考研英语词汇识记与应用大全influe neein flue ntial impact live alivedeliver delivery outlive liveli ness livelihood live off dwell reside survivesurvival in habit settle federal federati onFBI (Federal Bureau of Inv estigati on)CIA (Ce ntral In tellige nee Age ncy) large largelyChapter 1:-高频词汇-un it 01statestatute mani festatio n statistic statistical stati onary stateme nt un derstateme nt overstate statesma n estate devastate devastat ing workstati on status assert affirm publicpublicati onrepublica npublicity publicized publicly in public mass civil lawclaw lawful lawsuit flaw lawyer legislatio n mea n meaning well-mea ning meanin gless mea nin gfully mea ns mea nwhile by means of by no means in dicate implicati onenl arge gaze at pipeli ne at large stare at guideli ne bulky glare at in line with outsize con temporary series huge i s sue row mark tissue boun dary market claim bou nd marketplace proclaim routemarked disclaim successi on marketer acclaim processi on remark lay claim to value ( n.v.) remarkable allege overvalue Ian dmark contend devalued blot patent( v. adj. n.) worth spot intellectual property sig ni fica nee stai n court( n.) view ( n.v.) symbol courteous in terview systemline( n. v.) viewer systematic hardli ne review systematically un derl ine reviewer regime decl ine worldview orga ni zati on on li ne in view of structure offli ne in view stresscoastli ne on view stressed-out deadli ne take sth. i n view = highlight in cli ne take sth. into acco untemphasize baseli ne perspective strainairli ne individual( adj. n.)un it 02outl ine in dividually peerlin eagecollectiveeconomic( adj.) consider ?as ?con sumerism unecono mic un it 03 clie ntecono mics subject( v. n. adj.) environment( n.)econo mically subjective en vir onmen tal socioec ono mic be subject to en vir onmen tally fiscal cliff lead( v. n.) en viro nmen talistIMF(I nternatio nal leadership surro undings Mon etary Fund) mislead atmospherefinan cial leader situatio nfiscal plead essay (n.)mon etary leadi ng articlecreate( v.) lead some one on matter( n. v.) creature lead up to as a matter of fact creative take the lead substa neerecreate intend (v.) stuffcreativity intend to do /intend materialcreati on doing sth. fund( v. n.)creati onism sector( n.) fun dame ntalcreati onist account( v. n.) fun dame ntally procreati on acco untant nonfun damentalistlegal( adj.) acco unt for un derfu nd illegal take into acco unt hold( v. n.)lawful leave sth. out of householdlegitimate account holderofficial on acco unt of withholdconsider( v.) descripti on shareholder con siderati on expla nati on sharehold ingrecon sider consumer( n.) stockholdercon siderable con sumpti on stakeholdercon sideri ng consuming hold backhold on with providerhold out as/so far as -be -provisi onhold up concerned supplycli ng allow( v.) offerwithsta nd shallow challenge( n. v.) seize allow for un challe nged function( v. n.) product( n.)fun cti onal producti on un it 05 work productive deal( n. v.) employ productivity idealevidence( n.) inven ti on deali ng evide nt level( n. adj. v.) dealershipproof low-level deal withcon firmati on level off a great deal of practice( v. n.) on the level con tract in practice do one 'level best structure( v. n.) perform effort( n.) restructuri ng note( v. n.) effortless structural denote infer( v.) in frastructure no teworthy in feriority content( v. n. adj.) take/make no tes in ferior conten ti onin fere nee disc ontent un it 04 deduce self-c onten ted fegree( n.) con clude immigrant( adj. n.)agreeme nt professional( n. adj.) immigrati on Greek professio nalize emigratec oncern( v. n.) professi on alizatio n comprehe nsion( n.con cer ned professio nalism comprehe nsion unconcerned provide( v.) beyond one s con cer n on eself provided comprehe nsionpotential( n. adj.) ?over( n. v.) geophysical possible coverage physicia nprobable recovery astrophysicist mass( adj. n.) discover material massive cloak bodilymassarce reveal( v.) introduce( v.) biomass uncover in troductory rally unv eil launch ?ompare( v.) display in itiate comparable disclose figure( v.n.)comparis on analysis( n.) figure outcomparative an atomy conduct( v. n.) comparatively probe semic onductor compare with un it 06 con ductivecompare to identify( v.) con ductor con trast ide ntity behavior feature( n. v.) ide ntity with steeri n volve( v.) recog nize tell( v.)invo Iveme nt title( n.) tellerrevolve en title in tellectevolve en titleme nt in tellectual in valid subtitle in tellectualism engage doubt( n. v.) in tellige nt occupy doubter in tellige ntly segment( n.) un doubtedly in tellige nee secti on doubtful satellitefracti on in doubt inform access (n. v.) in no doubt n otify accessible physical( adj.) lack( n. v.)access road physics blacke nedslack outcome well-established slacke n ?ontribute( v.) establish on eself i n available( adj.) con tribut ing launch be available to con tributi on wonder( v. n.)obta in able con tribute to won derfulaccessible lead to no won deremerge( v.) give rise to approach( v. n.) emerge nee executive( adj. n.) access toemerge ncy current( n. adj.) come up toemerge from curve get close tosurface sort( n. v.) grant( n. v.)origi nate resort immigra ntappear sort sth. out take - for gran ted express( v. adj. n.) assort positi onpress classify positiveexpressi on secure( v. adj.) postureimpress safeguard compositi onimpressive shield oppositi onuni mpressive threat( n.) propositi ondepress men ace dispositi ondepressi on un it 07 locatedepressa nt material( n. adj.) sitecompress materialism brainpress ing materialistic brai nstormoppress observe brai n-drainpress for observer term( n. v.)state abide determ ineconvey survey determi nedly ?onsequence( n.) establish termi nate in con seque nee establishme nt termi nally in terms of head for directoryclause chief directive ?creasi ngly tale nt in directly in creasedrespect( n. v.) straightl a bor respected fran kly laboratory respectable otherwise( conj. adv.) elaborate respectively likewiselaborsav ing irrespectively reflectcollaborate with respect to reflecti oncollaboratively in respect of un reflect ingworkforce esteem relect onmobile main tai n despitedetail( n. v.) retain in spite ofc areer uphold discipline( n. v.)q uit susta in land( n. v.) resig n primary mai nla ndrenounce primarily landingdepart prime eleme ntessential( n. adj.) prin cipal elevate n ecessary cen tral indicatevital un it 08 exposein dispe nsable relate posecore in terrelated purposehead (n. v.)correlate propose headache correlated imposego-ahead be correlated with composeheadli ne relate to opposeheadway bond supposeheadl ong com mune supposedlyheadh un ter directly be exposed to。

恋练有词 Chapter 1Ustate n. 状态，情况；国；州v. 陈述；说明；规定statute n.法令；法规manifestation n.显示，表现；示威运动statistic n.统计数值adj.统计的；统计学的statistical adj.统计的；统计学的stationary adj.固定的；静止的，不动的statement n. (正式或明确的口头或书面)陈述，声明；(意见或观点的)表现，表达understatement n.保守陈述；不充分的陈述；轻描淡写overstate v.夸张，夸大地叙述statesman n.政治家estate n.房地产；身份；财产devastate v.毁灭，毁坏devastating adj.毁灭性的；极具破坏力的workstation n.工作台status n.地位；情形；状况；重要身份assert v.坚称；断言；表明affirm v.断言；肯定；证实public adj. 公众的；公共的；公开的n. 公众，民众publication n.出版；发行；出版物；发行物；公布；发布republican a dj.共和国的；共和政体的；(美国)共和党的；支持共和党的n.拥护共和政体者；共和主义者publicity n.公众信息；宣传；公之于众的状况publicized adj.公开的publicly adv.公共地；公开地；公众地in public公开地，当众mass n.民众；大量civil adj.公民的★★★★★★★★★★★★★★※※★★★★★※※※law n. 法律；法令；法规；规律；定律claw n.爪；螯；钳；爪形器具v.用爪抓 (或挖)lawful adj.合法的；法定的；法律许可的lawsuit n.诉讼；诉讼案件flaw n.瑕疵；裂纹；缺点v.使破裂；使有缺陷lawyer n.律师；法学家legislation n.法律；法规mean v. 意味着，即是；意指，意思是说；打算，意欲；意义重大adj. 吝啬的；刻薄的；破旧的n. 平均值；平均数meaning n.意义，含义well-meaning adj.善意的；好心的meaningless a dj.没有意义的；不重要的；无价值的meaningfully a dv.有意图地；有意义地；重要地means n.方法；手段meanwhile adv.同时；其间by means of用；依靠by no means绝不；一点也不indicate v.表明；暗示；象征；反映implication n.可能引发的后果；暗示；含意influence n. 影响；感化；势力，权势v. 影响；感化influential adj.有影响力的；有势力的n.影响者；有势力的人impact n.碰撞；撞击；影响v.撞击；碰撞；冲击；(对……)产生影响live v. 居住；生活；生存；以……为生；留存；铭记adj. 活的；有生命的；现场演出的★★★★★※★★★★★★※※※※★★nit 01测一测请用书签盖住释义进行自测，每天见证词汇量剧增的奇迹★代表形近词，※代表补充词汇Chapter 1高频词汇alive adj. 活着的；有生气的，活跃的 deliver v. 发表 (讲话)；递送；接生 (婴儿) delivery n. 分娩；投递；讲话方式 outlive v. 比……活得长；比……经久 liveliness n. 活力 livelihood n. 生计；生活 live off 依赖……生活，依赖 dwell v. 居住于；存在于 reside v. 定居于；属于 survive v. 幸存；比……活得长 survival n. 生存；幸存 inhabit v. 居住于 settle v. 使定居federal adj.联邦的federationn . 联邦制国家；联邦；(社团或组织的)同盟；联盟；联合会FBI 联邦调查局 (Federal Bureau of Investigation) CIA中央情报局 (Central Intelligence Agency)large adj. 大的；大规模的；大量的 largely adv. 主要地；大体上地；大量地 enlarge v. 扩大；放大；扩充 at large 一般；全体地；普遍地 bulky adj. 庞大的；体积大的 outsize adj. 特大的 huge adj. 庞大的markv . 做标记；指出；标明；在 (商品)上贴价格 (或质量等)的标签n. 痕迹；斑点；污点；记号；符号；(考试等)分数★★★★★★※※※※※※※★※※★★※※※※ market n. 市场；行情v. 推销；营销marketplace n. 市集；商场；市场 marked adj. 显著的，明显的；有记号的 marketer n. 市场商人；市场营销人员 remark v. 评论；谈到n. 评论；话语；注意；观察remarkable adj. 卓越的；非凡的；辉煌的 landmark n. 地标；里程碑；转折点 blot n. 污点 spot n. 点；斑点 stain n. 污迹；污渍 v. 玷污；污染symbol n. 象征；标志system n. 系统；体制 systematic adj. 有系统的；系统化的 systematically adv. 系统地；有条理地 regimen . 政权；政体 (指非民主且统治手段不被认可的政府或政权体系)；管理制度；组织方法；养生法organization n. 组织；机构；团体 structure n. 结构；构造；组织stress v. 强调；着重n. 压力；强调；重点；着重；重音；(物)应力stressed-out 因心理紧张而被压垮的 highlight v. 强调；突出 emphasize v. 强调 strain v. 使不堪承受；使紧张；拉伤；扭伤n. 压力；负担；重负★★★★★★★※※※※★★※※※※※※※Chapter 1高频词汇U nit 02peer n. 同龄人；同等地位的人；贵族v. 仔细看；费力地看gaze at 凝视；注视 stare at 盯；凝视 glare at 长久地怒视；瞪着 contemporary n. 同代人issue v. 发行，发表；发布；发，发放n. 问题，争端；(报刊的)期、号、版次tissue n. 组织；薄的纱织品；面巾纸claim v. 要求；主张；声称；断言；索取n. 要求；主张；声称；断言；索赔；提要求的权利；(拥有或获得某物的)权利proclaim v. 宣布；声明；公布；明确表示 disclaimv . 放弃；拒绝承认；否认；放弃权利acclaimv . 向……欢呼；称赞；为……喝彩；宣布；欢呼；喝彩lay claim to 对……提出所有权要求 allege v. (未提出证据而)断言；指称；声称 contend v. 声称；主张 assert v. 声称；断言patent v. 取得……的专利权；授予专利adj. 专利的；明显的n. 专利；专利权；专利品intellectual property 知识产权court n. 法院，法庭；球场；庭院 courteous adj. 有礼貌的linen . 行，列；(思想或行动的)步骤；方式，方法；路线；线路；(铁道或公交)线路；行业，行当；队，队伍；血统；家族；界线v. 排队；加衬，做里子hardline adj. 强硬的underline v. 在……下划线；强调；突出 decline v./n. 下降；衰退；减少 online adj. 在线的 offline adj. 离线的※※※※★★★★※※※※※★★★★★★ coastline n. 海岸线deadline n. 最后期限；截止时间 incline v. 倾斜；倾向；易于 baseline n. 基线；基准 airline n. 航线；航空公司 outline n. 轮廓；大纲；概要；略图 lineage n. 血统；家系；家族 pipelinen . 管线，管道；在筹备中(in the pipeline)guideline n. 指导原则 in line with和……成直线；与……一致；按照seriesn . 一连串；一系列；连续；接连(广播或电视的)系列节目；系列片row n. 排，行 boundary n. 边界；分界线 bound n. 界限；限制 route n. 路线 succession n. 继承；连续 procession n. 队伍；行列value n. 价格；价值；实用性；重要性v. 评价，估计；尊重，重视overvalue v. 对……估价过高；过分重视 devalued adj. 贬值的；减值的 worth n. 价值；财产 significance n. 意义；重要性view n. 观点；视点；景色；眼界v. 视为；看待；观察interview n. 面试；面谈；接见；采访v. 采访；接见；对……进行面谈；对某人进行面试viewer n. 电视观众；观察者；观看者；指示器 review n. 评论；回顾；复习；评审；审查v. 回顾；检查；复审；复习功课；写评论reviewer n. 评论者；评论家★★★★★★★★★※※※※※※※※★★※※★★★★测一测恋练有词 Chapter 1 worldview n.世界观※in view of 鉴于，考虑到；由于；在……能看见的范围内※in view 在能看见的范围内；在考虑之中；作为目标※on view 在展出；在容易看见的地方※ t ake sth. in view = take sth. intoaccount考虑※perspective n.观点；(尤指受到某种思想、经验影响的)思考方法；态度；角度；透视画法individual adj.个人的；单独的；独特的n.个人，个体individually adv.个别地，单独地※collective a dj.集体的；共同的；总的；集合的economic adj.经济(上)的；经济学的uneconomic adj.不经济的；不赢利的economics n.经济学economically a dv.节约地，节俭地；在经济上socioeconomic adj.社会经济的fiscal cliff财政悬崖IMF国际货币基金组织(I nte r n a t i o n a lMonetary Fund)financial adj.财政的；财务的；金融的fiscal adj.财政的；国库的monetary adj.货币的★★★★★★※※※※※create v. 创造，创作；引起，造成；建立creature n.人；生物；动物creative a dj.创造的；有创造力的；创造性的；启发想象力的recreate v.再创造；再创建；重现creativity n.创造力；创造creation n.创造，创立；创作；创造物，作品creationism n.创造宇宙说；创世论；神造说creationist n.创世论者；造物主义者procreation n.生育；生殖legal adj.法律的；法定的；合法的；正当的illegal adj.非法的；违法的；违反规则的n.非法移民※lawful adj.合法的；法定的※legitimate adj.合法的；合情理的v.使(尤其是坏事)合法化official adj.官方的；法定的n.官员；行政人员consider v.认为；把……看作；考虑；细想；体谅；照顾consideration n.体贴；关心；考虑；要考虑的事；报酬；补偿费reconsider v.重新考虑considerable adj.相当大(或多)的considering p rep. 考虑到；就……而论；鉴于consider... as把……视作；把……看作★★★★★★★★★※★★★★※Chapter 1高频词汇U nit 03subject v. 使遭受；使服从；使隶属 n. 主题；题目；学科；科目；主语 adj. 受……支配的；服从于……的subjectivea dj. 主观的，主观上的；主体的；个人的※be subject to 遭受；承受leadv . 领导；引导；促进；领先；占首位；通向；导致；带来n. 带领；领头；引导；铅leadershipn . 领导能力；领导地位，领导阶层mislead v. 误导；使误信；将……引入歧途 leader n. 领袖，领导者；首领；指挥者 pleadv . 请求；恳求；为……辩护；提出……为理由※side with与(某人)站在同一边，和(某人)抱同样的见解plead for恳求……，乞求……；在法庭上为……辩护leading adj. 卓越的；最重要的 lead someone on误导(某人)；蒙骗(某人)※lead up to 导致，逐渐导致；使话题(渐渐)转向；为……作准备take the lead带头，为首；起带头作用；领导intend v. 想要；打算；企图 intend to do/intend doing sth.打算做某事sector n. (经济的)部门；行业；领域account v. 说明；解释；导致；把……视作n. 账目；账户；描述；叙述；解释；说明accountant n. 会计师，会计※account for 占据；解释；说明※take into account 考虑到；体谅※leave sth. out of account 不考虑★★★★★★★※※※★on account of 因为，由于 description n. 描述；形容 explanation n. 解释；说明consumer n. 顾客，消费者 consumption n. 消费；消耗 consuming adj. 消耗的；消费的 consumerismn . 消费者权益保护；消费主义client n. 客户；顾客；委托人environment n. 环境；周围状况 environmental adj. 环境的；有关环境的 environmentally adv. 有关环境地 environmentalistn . 环境保护论者；环境论者surroundings n. 周边；周围环境 atmosphere n. 大气层；氛围 situation n. 状况；形势essayn . 论文；杂文；散文；(学生就某门课程所写的)论说文，短文article n. 文章；论文mattern . (有形的)物质；(某一类型的)物质；(印刷或阅读的)材料v. 要紧；有关系；有影响as a matter of fact 其实，实际上 substance n. 物质；实质；重要性 stuff n. 材料；本质；要素 material n. 物质；材料；原料fund v. 拨款，为……提供资金n. 专款；基金；资金fundamental adj. 基础的；根本的 fundamentally adv. 从根本上地；基础地 nonfundamentalist n. 非原教旨主义者 underfund v. 对……资金提供不足holdv . 保持；拿着；握住；保有；拥有；拖住；支持n. 握住；掌握；货舱，行李舱※※※★★★※★★★※※※※※※※※★★★★测一测恋练有词 Chapter 1 household n.家庭；同住在一所房子里的人；一家人adj.家庭的；家用的；家喻户晓的；众人皆知的holder n.支持物；持有者；(支票等)持有人withhold v.扣留；拒绝给予shareholder n.股东shareholding n.股权stockholder n.股票持有者；股东stakeholder n.利益相关人；股东※hold back退缩；阻止；抑制※hold on等一等；停一停；〈口〉别挂电话；坚持※hold out伸出；递出；维持；保密；坚持；不屈服※hold up举起；支持；耽搁；拦劫cling v.紧紧抓住；抱紧；抓住(职位或财产)不放withstand v.经受住；承受；顶住seize v.抓住；控制function v.充当；工作；起作用n.功能；作用；职责；职务；职员★★★★★★★※※※functional a dj.功能性的；在工作的；在起作用的；运转正常的work v.使工作；使运作employ v.使用；利用；雇用evidence n.根据；证据；形迹，迹象evident adj.明显的；明白的proof n.证明confirmation n.确认；证实practice v.练习；训练n.练习；训练；业务活动；工作；[pl.] 习惯性行为in practice在实践中；实际上；事实上perform v.执行；履行；演出；表演note v.注意；记下；摘下n.笔记；记录；按语；注释；便条；短笺；含义；暗示；钞票，纸币denote v.表示；代表noteworthy a dj.值得注意的；显著的；重要的※take/make notes作笔记★※※★※※※※★★恋练有词 Chapter 1Udegree n.程度；度数；学位；等级agreement n.协定；一致；同意Greek n.希腊人；希腊文adj.希腊的；希腊语的；希腊人的concern v.涉及；关系到；关注n.关心；关切；顾虑；忧虑；利害(关系)concerned a dj.关心的；关注的；有关(方面)的；认为重要的；担心的unconcerned a dj.不关心的；无关的；无忧虑的concern oneself with关心as/so far as ... be concerned就……来说allow v.允许；同意；考虑shallow v.变浅；使变浅adj.浅的；肤浅的allow for考虑到；顾及；允许有product n.产品；产物；乘积production n.生产；产量；产品；作品productive a dj.富有成效的；多产的；有益的；具有创造性的productivity n.生产力；生产率；生产能力invention n.发明(物)level n.水平；程度；等级，级别adj.水平的；平的；平稳的v.弄平；铺平；使瞄准；使对准low-level adj.低水平的；低级别的；次要的level off稳定，呈平稳状态on the level真诚；坦率；诚恳do one’s level best全力以赴；竭尽所能effort n.努力；艰难的尝试★★★★※※★※★★★※★※※※effortless adj.不费力气的infer v.推论；推断inferiority n.劣势；劣等；下等；次级；自卑情绪，自卑感inferior a dj.低等的；劣等的；下级的；差的，次的n.部下，下属inference n.推论；推理；推断deduce v.推论；推断conclude v.得出结论；推断出professional n. 专业人士adj.职业的；专业的；专门的professionalize v.使……职业化；使……专业化professionalization n.专业化；职业化professionalism n.职业水准或特性；职业化；专业化provide v.供给；提供；给予provided conj.倘若；只要；假如provider n.提供者；供应者，供应商provision n.供应；提供；(法律的)条文；条款；规定；准备supply v.供给；补充offer v.提供；给予challenge n.挑战；艰巨任务；(对真实性、价值、权威等提出的)怀疑；质疑v.挑战；怀疑；质疑(真实性、价值、权威等)unchallenged a dj.不成问题的；未受到挑战的；未引起质疑的；没有异议的★★★★※※★★★★★★※※★nit 04测一测Chapter 1高频词汇U deal n. 数量；程度；协议；(尤指)交易，生意v. 处理；给予；做买卖，经营ideal n. 理想；完美的典型；典范adj. 理想的；完美的；假设的；非常合适的；空想的；不切实际的dealing n. 行为；交易；交往 dealership n. 代理权，经销权；经销商 deal with 处理；应付；安排 a great deal of 大量(的)，许多(的) contract n. 合同；契约structure v. 构造；建造；组织；构成n. 结构；构造；建筑物restructuring n. 改组；重新组织；调整 structural adj. 结构的；建筑的 infrastructuren . 下部构造；基础设施；下部组织definev . 阐明；规定；限定；使明确；给……下定义；解释content v. 使满足n. 容量；含量；(教育项目或课程的)内容；满足；满意adj. 满足的；满意的contentionn . 争吵；争执；(争论或讨论时的)看法，观点discontent n. 不满；不满意adj. 不满的v. 使……不满self-contented 自满的；沾沾自喜的immigrant adj.(从国外)移来的；移民的 n.(外来)移民；侨民immigration n. 移居；移民 emigrate v. 移居国外；移民comprehension n. 理解；领悟 comprehensivea dj. 全面的；综合性的；能充分理解的；广泛的★★★※※※★★★★★※★★★n. (英国的公立性)综合中学beyond one’s comprehension不可理解potential n. 潜能；潜力adj. 潜在的；可能的possible adj. 可能的；潜在的 probable adj. 可能的；大概的；很有希望的mass adj. 大规模的；群众的；大量的n. 大量，众多；团，块；质量；民众massivea dj. 大而重的；大块的；大规模的；巨大的；大量的massacre n./v. 大屠杀 biomass n. (单位面积或体积内)生物的数量 rally v. 一致支持；团结起来；振作；恢复n. 群众大会；集会；(汽车、摩托车等的)公路大赛compare v. 比较；相比；对比；比作 comparablea dj. 可比较的；类似的；比得上的comparison n. 比较；比喻；对照 comparative adj. 比较的；相当的 comparativelya dv. 对比地；比较地；相当地；相对地compare with 与……相比较 compare to 与……相比；把……比作 contrast n. 差异；差别；悬殊v. 对比；对照；截然不同；有明显差异；对比鲜明feature n. 特征；特色；特写(或专题)v. 起重要作用；以……为特色；由……主演；特写involvev . 使……卷入；牵涉；涉及；包含；使陷入；使参与involvementn . 参与；介入；卷入；(投入※※※★★★※★★★★※※※★nit 05测一测恋练有词 Chapter 1的)感情；(倾注的)热情；暧昧关系；恋爱关系revolve v.使……旋转；使……循环；反复考虑；围绕n.旋转；循环；旋转舞台evolve v.发展；进化；使逐步形成；推断出invalid adj.无效的；站不住脚的n.病人；伤残者engage v.(使)参与；(使)从事；使参加(谈话)occupy v.占据；使从事segment n.部分；段；片；节section n.部分；节fraction n.一小部分；些微access n.接近；进入的方法；入口；通道；进入（权）v.读取(计算机)信息accessible a dj.易到达的，易进入的；易★★★※※※※★使用的；易得到的access road (进出某处的)通道cover n.盖子；套子；(书的)封面v.包含；足以支付；经过；穿过coverage n.覆盖；覆盖范围；新闻报道recovery n.恢复；复原；痊愈；重获discover v.发现；发觉cloak n.斗篷；披风；覆盖物；遮盖物v.笼罩；覆盖；遮掩reveal v.展现；显示；揭示；揭露；告诉；泄露uncover v.揭露；发现unveil v.公之于众；揭露display v.陈列；显示disclose v.公开；揭露analysis n.分析；分解anatomy n.解剖；剖析probe n.探查；调查※★★★※※※※※※※Chapter 1高频词汇U identifyv . 识别；鉴别；确认；把……看成一样identity n. 身份；统一性 identify with 认同；与……有同感 recognize v. 识别；认出title n. 书名；标题；头衔，称号 entitlev . 取名为；叫做；给予名称；给……权利(或资格)entitlementn .(拥有某物或做某事的)权利；资格subtitle n. 副标题；说明对白的字幕v. 给……加副标题；在……上印字幕doubt n. 怀疑，疑惑v. 怀疑，疑惑doubter n. 怀疑者 undoubtedly adv. 毫不怀疑地 doubtful adj. 怀疑的in doubt 不确定；存在疑问 in no doubt 毫无疑问physicala dj. 物质的；有形的；肉体的；身体的；物理学的physics n. 物理；物理学 geophysical adj. 地球物理学的 physician n. 医生；内科医生 astrophysicist n. 天体物理学家 material adj. 物质的；肉体的；有形的 bodily adj. 身体的；肉体的introduce v. 引进；提出；采用；推行；引用 introductorya dj. 引言的；导论的；介绍性的launch v. 发动；开展n. 下水；发射initiate v. 开始；发起figure v. 算出；估计；推测n. 体形；数字；图形；人物figure out 弄清楚★※※★★★★★★※※★★★★※※★※※※conductv . 引导，带领；处理；实施；管理；传导(热，电等)；指挥(军队，乐队等)n. 行为；举动；指导，引导；实施semiconductor n. 半导体conductivea dj. 传导性的；传导的；有传导力的conductorn . 领导者；向导；管理人；(管弦乐队或合唱团的)指挥behaviorn . 行为；举止；(科学领域中的)运动方式；活动方式；性能；特点steerv . 驾驶(车、船、飞机等)；引导；指导(某人采取某种行动或态度)tellv . 辨别，区别；告诉；讲述；吩咐，命令；(事物)显露，显示teller n. 讲话者；出纳员；银行柜员机 intellect n . 智力；非凡的才智；才智非凡的人 intellectual n. 知识分子；脑力劳动者 intellectualismn . 知性主义；理智主义；对理智之偏重intelligent adj. 聪颖的；有才智的；智能的 intelligently adv. 聪明地；明智地 intelligence n. 智力；智能；聪明 satellite n. 人造卫星 inform v. 告诉；通知 notify v. 通知；告知lack n. 缺乏，不足；缺少的东西v. 缺乏，缺少blackened adj. 变黑的；被损坏的 slack n. 煤末；长裤adj. 松弛的；疏忽的v. 放松；使缓慢；松懈；懈怠slacken v.(使)缓慢；(使)松懈；(使)松弛available adj. 可用的；可获得的；有空的 be available to 可用于 obtainable adj. 可获得的；可取得的★★★※※★★★★★★★★※※★★★※※nit 06测一测恋练有词 Chapter 1 accessible adj.能接近的；易得到的emerge v.浮现；出现；(问题等)发生；显露，(事实等)暴露；(从困境等中)摆脱；露头；出头emergence n.出现；浮现；露头emergency n.紧急状况；紧急需要；紧急事件adj.紧急情况下的，应急的※emerge from从……出现；暴露(问题、意见等)surface v.显露；浮出水面originate v.发源；来自；产生；创始；开创appear v.出现；显现express v.表达；表示adj.特快的，快速的；明确的；确切的n.特快列车；快递；捷运公司press v.压，按；催促；敦促；进行；强调；榨取；压榨n.报纸；报刊；印刷机；新闻记者expression n.表达；表述；表情；神情impress v.盖印；传送；给人深刻印象impressive a dj.给人深刻印象的；不俗的；了不起的unimpressive a dj.不惹人注意的；给人印象不深的；无印象的depress v.降低；减少；使沮丧；使消沉depression n.萧条(期)；不景气；沮丧；忧愁；忧郁症depressant n.镇静剂compress v.(使)压缩；缩短；使简练pressing adj.紧迫的oppress v.压迫；压抑；使……烦恼；使……感到沉重suppress v.抑制；镇压；废止press for迫切要求；敦促※★★※※※★★★★★★★★★★★★※state v.陈述；声明convey v.传达；传递；输送consequence n.结果；后果；影响；重要性in consequence因此；结果outcome n.结果；成果contribute v.有助于；贡献；捐助；捐献；投稿contributing adj.贡献的；起作用的contribution n.捐助；贡献；捐助之物contribute to有助于；捐助；贡献lead to导致；把……带到give rise to引起；导致；造成executive adj. 执行的；实施的n.经理；主管；管理者current n. (河、湖或海的)水流；气流；电流；思潮；潮流adj.现时的；当前的；进行中的curve n.曲线；弧线；(尤指用图表表示的)曲线变化v.(使)弯曲；(使)呈曲线形sort n.种类；类别v.分类；整理resort v.诉诸；采取；凭借；求助n.胜地；手段sort sth. out挑选出；分类，整理；解决(问题)；理清(细节)assort v.把……分类classify v.分类；归类secure v.得到某物；获得；防护；保卫adj.安全的；可靠的；放心的；稳固的；稳定的safeguard v.保护；保卫；维护shield v.保护；掩护；庇护threat n.威胁；恐吓；凶兆menace n.威胁；恐吓※※※※★★※※※★★※※※※※※Chapter 1高频词汇U material n. 材料；物质；素材；资料adj. 物质的materialismn . 唯物主义；唯物论；实利主义；物质主义materialistic adj. 物质的；唯物主义的observe v. 观察；看到；遵守；奉行 observer n. 观察家abide v. 忍受；容忍；遵守 survey v. 调查establishv . 建立，设立；安置，使定居；确立establishment n. 确立；制定；公司；机构 well-established已为大家接受的；信誉卓著的establish oneself in 定居于；在……落户 launchv . 开展(重大活动)；发起，发动(军事袭击等)；推出；发布wonder v. 诧异；奇怪；纳闷；想知道n. 惊奇；惊异；奇迹；奇事wonderful adj. 奇妙的；极好的 no wonder 难怪；怪不得approach v. 靠近；接近；临近n. 方法；途径access to 接近；有权使用；通向……的入口 come up to 达到；等于 get close to 靠近；接近grant v. 给予；授予；同意；准予n. 补助金；拨款immigrant n. 移民；侨民adj. 移民的；迁入的take ... for granted 想当然；认为理所当然positionn . 位置；职位；职务；姿势；姿态；见解；立场；形式positivea dj. 积极的；明确的；肯定的；有益的；毋庸置疑的；(化验或试验结果)阳性的；(数字)正的；带正电的★★★※※★※※※★※※※※★※★posture n. 姿势；态度；立场 v. 故作姿态composition n. 作文；乐曲；构成，合成物 opposition n. 反对；敌对；反对派；在野党 proposition n. 命题；提议；主题；议题 disposition n. 性情；倾向；处置；部署 locate v. 找到；设立；确定……的位置 site n. 场地；场所v. 使坐落在brain n. 大脑；智力；[pl] 脑力；智能 brainstorm v. 集思广益；集体献计 brain-drain 智囊流失；人才流失termn . 学期；期间；时期；条件；术语；条款；地位v. 把……称为，把……叫做determinev . 确定；查明；决定；使下决心；判决，裁定determinedly adv. 决然地，断然地 terminate v. 使停止，使终止；解雇 terminala dj. 末端的；终点的；定期的；末期的n. 末端；终点；总站；终端机terminallya dv. 末期地；晚期地；末端地；终止地in terms of 根据；就……而言 clause n.(法律文书的)条款increasinglya dv. 不断增加地；越来越多地increased adj. 增加的；增强的labor n. 工作；劳动；劳力；劳工v. 劳动；苦干laboratory n. 实验室；研究室 elaboratea dj. 精心制作的；详尽的；煞费苦心的v. 精心制作；详细计划；详细阐述；从简单成分合成(复杂有机★★★★★※※★※★★★★★※※★★★nit 07测一测恋练有词 Chapter 1物)；变复杂laborsaving adj.节省劳力的collaborate v.合作；勾结，通敌collaboratively adv.合作地，协作地workforce n.劳动力mobile a dj.可动的；活动的；运动的；移动的；可轻松移动的detail n.细节v.详述；详细列举(或说明)career n.事业；职业；生涯；工作岁月；职业生涯quit v.离开；退出；停止；放弃；辞职resign v.辞职；放弃renounce v.放弃；抛弃depart v.离开；出发essential n.本质；要点；要素；必不可少的东西adj.必要的；必不可少的；本质的；基本的necessary adj.必要的n.必需品vital adj.至关重要的，必不可少的indispensable a dj.不可缺少的，绝对必要的core n.果心；核儿；(问题的)核心；要点；主要业务；主要活动v.去掉……的果心；给(水果)去核head n.头；头顶；头部；首脑，首长；(公司、组织的)负责人；领导人；头脑；才智v.率领；站在……前头；前进；用头撞；顶(球)headache n.头痛；麻烦；令人头疼的事go-ahead n.前进，进步；许可，批准headline n.(尤指报纸头版的)标题；大字标题；新闻提要v.给加标题；使成为注意中心；★★★※※※※※※※※★★★在(演出)中担任主演headway n.前进；进步；航行速度；间隔时间headlong adj.轻率的；头朝前的；迅猛的adv.头朝前地；迅猛地，莽撞地headhunter n.猎头，物色人才的人；猎取人头的蛮人head for驶向；走向chief n.负责人；首领talent n.天资；才能respect v.尊敬；重视；遵守；顾及n.尊敬，尊重；方面；[pl] 敬意；问候respected a dj.受尊敬的；受重视的；被认可的respectable a dj.值得尊重的；可观的，相当大的；人格高尚的respectively adv.分别地，各自地irrespectively adv.无关地with respect to关于in respect of关于；涉及esteem v.尊敬；尊重；敬重n.尊敬；尊重；敬重maintain v.维持；保持；坚持；主张；供给；赡养retain v.保持；保留；保存；付定金聘请(律师)uphold v.维持；支持sustain v.使持续；保持；经受；遭受primary a dj.最初的，初级的；首要的，主要的；基本的primarily adv.主要地prime adj.最好的；首要的n.全盛时期；最成功时期v.事先指点；使做好准备principal adj.最重要的；主要的central adj.中心的；最重要的★★★※※※★★★★※※※★※※★★※※Chapter 1高频词汇U relate v. 叙述；讲述；和……联系 interrelated adj. 相关的，互相联系的 correlatev . 相互关联；极为相似；使显示联系；使相互关联correlated adj. 有相互联系的 be correlated with与……有关；与……相联系relate to 有关，涉及 bond v. 与……紧密联系 commune v. 与……融为一体directlya dv. 直接地；笔直地；坦率地，直截了当地；正好地；即刻，马上directoryn . 姓名住址簿；工商名录；号码簿；董事会，理事会；指南，使用手册adj. 指导的；咨询的directive adj. 指导的；管理的；方向性的 n. 指令indirectlya dv. 间接地；迂回地；婉转地；不坦率地straight adv. 直接地；坦率地 frankly adv. 直率地；坦诚地otherwisea dv.与之不同地；相反地；以其他方式；在其他方面likewise adv. 同样地；而且reflect v. 反映；表现；思考；深思；考虑 reflectionn . 思考；见解；想法；反映；反射；表现；体现；倒影unreflectinga dj. 不反射的；无思虑的；不反省的reflect on 思考；仔细想；回忆despite prep. 不管；尽管 in spite of 尽管discipline v. 训练；惩罚 n. 纪律；规定；学科；训练★★★※※※※★★★※※※★★※※land n. 陆地；土地；田地；国土；国家 v. (使)登陆；(使)着陆；弄到；捞到mainland n. 大陆；本土 adj. 大陆的；本土的landing n. 登陆；码头；楼梯平台element n. 元素；要素；组成部分 elevate v. 举起；提高；提升indicate v. 指出；指示；表明；暗示exposev . 使暴露，使显露；揭露；揭发；使遭受pose v . 摆姿势；装模作样；提出(讨论等)；造成；形成 n. 姿势；装模作样purpose n. 目的；用途；意志 v. 决心；企图；打算proposev . 主张；提议；建议；打算；计划；求婚imposev . 强加；征税；利用；欺骗；施加影响 composev . 相成；组成；写作；作曲；使平静；排字oppose v. 反对；抗争 suppose v. 猜想，料想；假设；认为 supposedlya dv. 据说；可能；按照准则；恐怕be exposed to 暴露于；遭受 be composed of 组成 as opposed to 与……截然相反 be supposed to (按计划或期望)应当，应该religion n. 宗教；信仰；信念 religiousa dj. 宗教的；虔诚的；宗教信仰坚定的 n. 修道士；尼姑sufferv . (因疾病或处于其他不利境地而)受苦；受难；受折磨suffering n. 苦难；痛苦；折磨★★★★★★★★★★★※※※※★★nit 08测一测恋练有词 Chapter 1s uffer sth./suffer from sth患(某种病)；受(某种病痛)折磨epidemic n.流行病；(疾病的)流行，传播；(坏事的)盛行，泛滥，猖獗adj.流行的；盛行的；肆虐的addict n.吸毒成瘾者；瘾君子v.使沉溺；使上瘾payment n.付款；支付；支付的款项；付款额hijack v.劫持；操控※n.劫持；强行控制；操控scale n.规模；比例(尺)；鱼鳞；级别v.测量；攀登；刮去……的鳞片circumstance n. [pl.] 情况；形势；环境u nder the circumstances = in thecircumstances在那种情况下threaten v.威胁；恐吓；预示prospect n.前景；前途；展望；可能性；希望※U nit 09reject v . 拒绝考虑；不接受；不同意；抛弃；不录取rejection n. 拒绝decline v. 拒绝；谢绝 refuse v. 拒绝；回绝 discard v. 丢弃；抛弃occurv . 发生；存在；出现；有；(想法或主意)被想起occurrencen . 发生；出现；发生的事情，事件incur v. 招致；带来；遭受 happen v. 发生；出现；碰巧 arise v. 产生；出现meet v. 遇见，会见；会谈；经历；遭到；满足 assemble v. (使)集合；(使)聚集；(使)集会 congregate v. 聚集；集合personala dj. 个人的，私人的；亲自的，本人的；人身的interpersonal adj. 人与人之间的；人际的 personality n. 人格；性格；个性；名人 impersonala dj. 不受个人情感影响的；冷淡的；客观的individual adj. 个人的；个别的；独特的 private adj. 个人的；私人的indeeda dv. 实际上；确实，实在；真正地；多么certainly adv. 确定地；当然地 definitely adv. 明确地；确切地managev . 管理；经营；处理；设法对付；控制；操作manager n. 管理者；经理 manageable a dj. 可管理的；可控制的；可处理的managementn . (商务或机构的)管理，经营；管理部门；安排；驾驭administer v. 管理；治理★※※※★★※※※※★★★※※※※★★★※regulate v. 管理；调整；控制 control v. 控制；管理recognize v. 认出；识别；承认 unrecognizeda dj. 未被认识的；未被承认的；未被认定的recognitionn . 认识；识别；承认；接受；赞赏；认可object v. 反对n. 物体；目的；目标；客体；对象objection n. 反对；不喜欢；异议 objective adj. 客观的；如实的 n. 目的；目标；宾格objectivity n. 客观性；客观 objectiveness n. 客观 object to sth./doing sth. 反对(做)某事trust v. 信任；依赖；盼望；希望；委托n. 信任；依赖；委托；信托，托管；信托基金机构distrust v. 不信任n. 不信任mistrusted adj. 不信任的；多疑的 trust fund 信托基金 put trust in sb./sth 信任……，信赖……critical a dj. 批判的；评论的；危急的；重要的；挑剔的；临界的criticallya dv. 批判性地；苛求地；危急地；严重地；关键地hypocritical a dj. 伪善的；虚伪的；伪善者的；伪君子的criticize v. 评论，批评；批判 be critical of 挑毛病；批评immediatea dj. 立即的，即时的；直接的；最接近的；目前的，当前的 immediately adv. 立即，立刻；直接地 conj. 一……就instant adj. 立即的；速溶的※※★★★★★★※★★※※★★★※★※测一测。

★Unit 01★state n. 状态，情况；国；州v. 陈述；说明；规定statute n. 法令；法规manifestation n. 显示，表现；示威运动statistic n. 统计数值adj. 统计的；统计学的statistical adj. 统计的；统计学的stationary adj. 固定的；静止的，不动的statement n. (正式或明确的口头或书面) 陈述，声明；(意见或观点的)表现，表达understatement n. 保守陈述；不充分的陈述；轻描淡写overstate v. 夸张，夸大地叙述statesman n. 政治家estate n. 房地产；身份；财产devastate v. 毁灭，毁坏devastating adj. 毁灭性的；极具破坏力的workstation n. 工作台status n. 地位；情形；状况；重要身份assert v. 坚称；断言；表明affirm v. 断言；肯定；证实public adj. 公众的；公共的；公开的n. 公众，民众publication n. 出版；发行；出版物；发行物；公布；发布republican adj. 共和国的；共和政体的；(美国)共和党的；支持共和党的n.拥护共和政体者；共和主义者publicity n.公众信息；宣传；公之于众的状况publicized adj. 公开的publicly adv. 公共地；公开地；公众地in public 公开地，当众mass n. 民众；大量civil adj. 公民的law n. 法律；法令；法规；规律；定律claw n. 爪；螯；钳；爪形器具；v. 用爪抓(或挖)lawful adj. 合法的；法定的；法律许可的lawsuit n. 诉讼；诉讼案件flaw n. 瑕疵；裂纹；缺点v. 使破裂；使有缺陷lawyer n. 律师；法学家legislation n. 法律；法规mean v. 意味着，即是；意指，意思是说；打算，意欲；意义重大adj. 吝啬的；刻薄的；破旧的n. 平均值；平均数meaning n. 意义，含义well-meaning adj. 善意的；好心的meaningless adj. 没有意义的；不重要的；无价值的meaningfully adv. 有意图地；有意义地；重要地means n. 方法；手段meanwhile adv. 同时；其间by means of 用；依靠by no means 绝不；一点也不indicate v. 表明；暗示；象征；反映implication n. 可能引发的后果；暗示；含意influence n. 影响；感化；势力，权势v. 影响；感化influential adj. 有影响力的；有势力的n. 影响者；有势力的人impact n. 碰撞；撞击；影响v. 撞击；碰撞；冲击；(对……)产生影响live v. 居住；生活；生存；以……为生；留存；铭记adj. 活的；有生命的；现场演出的alive adj. 活着的；有生气的，活跃的deliver v. 发表(讲话)；递送；接生(婴儿)delivery n. 分娩；投递；讲话方式outlive v. 比……活得长；比……经久liveliness n. 活力livelihood n. 生计；生活live off 依赖……生活，依赖dwell v. 居住于；存在于reside v. 定居于；属于survive v. 幸存；比……活得长survival n. 生存；幸存inhabit v. 居住于settle v. 使定居federal adj.联邦的federation n. 联邦制国家；联邦；(社团或组织的)同盟；联盟；联合会FBI 联邦调查局(Federal Bureau of Investigation)CIA 中央情报局(Central Intelligence Agency)large adj. 大的；大规模的；大量的largely adv. 主要地；大体上地；大量地enlarge v. 扩大；放大；扩充at large 一般；全体地；普遍地bulky adj. 庞大的；体积大的outsize adj. 特大的huge adj. 庞大的mark v. 做标记；指出；标明；在(商品)上贴价格(或质量等)的标签n. 痕迹；斑点；污点；记号；符号；(考试等)分数market n. 市场；行情v. 推销；营销marketplace n. 市集；商场；市场marked adj. 显著的，明显的；有记号的marketer n. 市场商人；市场营销人员remark v. 评论；谈到n. 评论；话语；注意；观察remarkable adj. 卓越的；非凡的；辉煌的landmark n. 地标；里程碑；转折点blot n. 污点spot n. 点；斑点stain n. 污迹；污渍v. 玷污；污染symbol n. 象征；标志system n. 系统；体制systematic adj. 有系统的；系统化的systematically adv. 系统地；有条理地regime n. 政权；政体(指非民主且统治手段不被认可的政府或政权体系)；管理制度；组织方法；养生法organization n. 组织；机构；团体structure n. 结构；构造；组织stress v. 强调；着重n. 压力；强调；重点；着重；重音；(物)应力stressed-out 因心理紧张而被压垮的highlight v. 强调；突出emphasize v. 强调strain v. 使不堪承受；使紧张；拉伤；扭伤n. 压力；负担；重负★Unit 02★peer n. 同龄人；同等地位的人；贵族v. 仔细看；费力地看gaze at 凝视；注视stare at 盯；凝视glare at 长久地怒视；瞪着contemporary n. 同代人issue v. 发行，发表；发布；发，发放n. 问题，争端；(报刊的)期、号、版次tissue n. 组织；薄的纱织品；面巾纸claim v. 要求；主张；声称；断言；索取n. 要求；主张；声称；断言；索赔；提要求的权利；(拥有或获得某物的)权利proclaim v. 宣布；声明；公布；明确表示disclaim v. 放弃；拒绝承认；否认；放弃权利acclaim v. 向……欢呼；称赞；为……喝彩；宣布；欢呼；喝彩lay claim to 对……提出所有权要求allege v. (未提出证据而)断言；指称；声称contend v. 声称；主张assert v. 声称；断言patent v. 取得……的专利权；授予专利adj. 专利的；明显的n. 专利；专利权；专利品intellectual property 知识产权court n. 法院，法庭；球场；庭院courteous adj. 有礼貌的line n. 行，列；(思想或行动的)步骤；方式，方法；路线；线路；(铁道或公交)线路；行业，行当；队，队伍；血统；家族；界线v. 排队；加衬，做里子hardline adj. 强硬的underline v. 在……下划线；强调；突出decline v./n. 下降；衰退；减少online adj. 在线的offline adj. 离线的coastline n. 海岸线deadline n. 最后期限；截止时间incline v. 倾斜；倾向；易于baseline n. 基线；基准airline n. 航线；航空公司outline n. 轮廓；大纲；概要；略图lineage n. 血统；家系；家族pipeline n. 管线，管道；在筹备中(in the pipeline)guideline n. 指导原则in line with 和……成直线；与……一致；按照series n. 一连串；一系列；连续；接连(广播或电视的)系列节目；系列片row n. 排，行boundary n. 边界；分界线bound n. 界限；限制route n. 路线succession n. 继承；连续procession n. 队伍；行列value n. 价格；价值；实用性；重要性v. 评价，估计；尊重，重视overvalue v. 对……估价过高；过分重视devalued adj. 贬值的；减值的worth n. 价值；财产significance n. 意义；重要性view n. 观点；视点；景色；眼界v. 视为；看待；观察interview n. 面试；面谈；接见；采访v. 采访；接见；对……进行面谈；对某人进行面试viewer n.电视观众；观察者；观看者；指示器review n. 评论；回顾；复习；评审；审查v. 回顾；检查；复审；复习功课；写评论reviewer n. 评论者；评论家worldview n. 世界观in view of 鉴于，考虑到；由于；在……能看见的范围内in view 在能看见的范围内；在考虑之中；作为目标on view 在展出；在容易看见的地方take sth. in view = take sth. Into account 考虑perspective n.观点；(尤指受到某种思想、经验影响的)思考方法；态度；角度；透视画法individual adj. 个人的；单独的；独特的n. 个人，个体individually adv. 个别地，单独地collective adj. 集体的；共同的；总的；集合的economic adj. 经济(上)的；经济学的uneconomic adj. 不经济的；不赢利的economics n. 经济学economically adv. 节约地，节俭地；在经济上socioeconomic adj. 社会经济的fiscal cliff 财政悬崖IMF 国际货币基金组织(Inter national Monetary Fund)financial adj. 财政的；财务的；金融的fiscal adj. 财政的；国库的monetary adj. 货币的create v. 创造，创作；引起，造成；建立creature n. 人；生物；动物creative adj. 创造的；有创造力的；创造性的；启发想象力的recreate v. 再创造；再创建；重现creativity n. 创造力；创造creation n. 创造，创立；创作；创造物，作品creationism n. 创造宇宙说；创世论；神造说creationist n. 创世论者；造物主义者procreation n. 生育；生殖legal adj. 法律的；法定的；合法的；正当的illegal adj. 非法的；违法的；违反规则的n. 非法移民lawful adj. 合法的；法定的legitimate adj. 合法的；合情理的v. 使(尤其是坏事)合法化official adj. 官方的；法定的n. 官员；行政人员consider v. 认为；把……看作；考虑；细想；体谅；照顾consideration n. 体贴；关心；考虑；要考虑的事；报酬；补偿费reconsider v. 重新考虑considerable adj. 相当大(或多)的considering prep. 考虑到；就……而论；鉴于consider... as 把……视作；把……看作★Unit 03★subject v. 使遭受；使服从；使隶属n. 主题；题目；学科；科目；主语adj. 受……支配的；服从于……的subjective adj. 主观的，主观上的；主体的；个人的be subject to 遭受；承受lead v. 领导；引导；促进；领先；占首位；通向；导致；带来n. 带领；领头；引导；铅leadership n. 领导能力；领导地位，领导阶层mislead v. 误导；使误信；将……引入歧途leader n. 领袖，领导者；首领；指挥者plead v. 请求；恳求；为……辩护；提出……为理由side with 与(某人)站在同一边，和(某人)抱同样的见解plead for 恳求……，乞求……；在法庭上为……辩护leading adj. 卓越的；最重要的lead someone on 误导(某人)；蒙骗(某人)lead up to 导致，逐渐导致；使话题(渐渐)转向；为……作准备take the lead 带头，为首；起带头作用；领导intend v. 想要；打算；企图intend to do/intend doing sth. 打算做某事sector n. (经济的)部门；行业；领域account v. 说明；解释；导致；把……视作n. 账目；账户；描述；叙述；解释；说明accountant n. 会计师，会计account for 占据；解释；说明take into account 考虑到；体谅leave sth. out of account 不考虑on account of 因为，由于description n. 描述；形容explanation n. 解释；说明consumer n. 顾客，消费者consumption n. 消费；消耗consuming adj. 消耗的；消费的consumerism n. 消费者权益保护；消费主义client n. 客户；顾客；委托人environment n. 环境；周围状况environmental adj. 环境的；有关环境的environmentally adv. 有关环境地environmentalist n. 环境保护论者；环境论者surroundings n. 周边；周围环境atmosphere n. 大气层；氛围situation n. 状况；形势essay n. 论文；杂文；散文；(学生就某门课程所写的)论说文，短文article n. 文章；论文matter n. (有形的)物质；(某一类型的)物质；(印刷或阅读的)材料v. 要紧；有关系；有影响as a matter of fact 其实，实际上substance n. 物质；实质；重要性stuff n. 材料；本质；要素material n. 物质；材料；原料fund v. 拨款，为……提供资金n. 专款；基金；资金fundamental adj. 基础的；根本的fundamentally adv. 从根本上地；基础地nonfundamentalist n. 非原教旨主义者underfund v. 对……资金提供不足hold v. 保持；拿着；握住；保有；拥有；拖住；支持n. 握住；掌握；货舱，行李舱household n. 家庭；同住在一所房子里的人；一家人adj. 家庭的；家用的；家喻户晓的；众人皆知的holder n. 支持物；持有者；(支票等)持有人withhold v. 扣留；拒绝给予shareholder n. 股东shareholding n. 股权stockholder n. 股票持有者；股东stakeholder n. 利益相关人；股东hold back 退缩；阻止；抑制hold on 等一等；停一停；〈口〉别挂电话；坚持hold out 伸出；递出；维持；保密；坚持；不屈服hold up 举起；支持；耽搁；拦劫cling v. 紧紧抓住；抱紧；抓住(职位或财产)不放withstand v. 经受住；承受；顶住seize v. 抓住；控制function v. 充当；工作；起作用n. 功能；作用；职责；职务；职员functional adj. 功能性的；在工作的；在起作用的；运转正常的work v. 使工作；使运作employ v. 使用；利用；雇用evidence n. 根据；证据；形迹，迹象evident adj. 明显的；明白的proof n. 证明confirmation n. 确认；证实practice v. 练习；训练n. 练习；训练；业务活动；工作；[pl.] 习惯性行为in practice 在实践中；实际上；事实上perform v. 执行；履行；演出；表演note v. 注意；记下；摘下n. 笔记；记录；按语；注释；便条；短笺；含义；暗示；钞票，纸币denote v. 表示；代表noteworthy adj. 值得注意的；显著的；重要的take/make notes 作笔记★Unit 4★degree n. 程度；度数；学位；等级agreement n. 协定；一致；同意Greek n. 希腊人；希腊文adj. 希腊的；希腊语的；希腊人的concern v. 涉及；关系到；关注n. 关心；关切；顾虑；忧虑；利害(关系)concerned adj. 关心的；关注的；有关(方面)的；认为重要的；担心的unconcerned adj. 不关心的；无关的；无忧虑的concern oneself with 关心as/so far as ... be concerned 就……来说allow v. 允许；同意；考虑shallow v. 变浅；使变浅adj. 浅的；肤浅的allow for 考虑到；顾及；允许有product n. 产品；产物；乘积production n. 生产；产量；产品；作品productive adj. 富有成效的；多产的；有益的；具有创造性的productivity n. 生产力；生产率；生产能力invention n. 发明(物)level n. 水平；程度；等级，级别adj. 水平的；平的；平稳的v. 弄平；铺平；使瞄准；使对准low-level adj. 低水平的；低级别的；次要的level off 稳定，呈平稳状态on the level 真诚；坦率；诚恳do one’s level best 全力以赴；竭尽所能ffort n. 努力；艰难的尝试effortless adj. 不费力气的infer v. 推论；推断inferiority n. 劣势；劣等；下等；次级；自卑情绪，自卑感inferior adj. 低等的；劣等的；下级的；差的，次的n. 部下，下属inference n. 推论；推理；推断deduce v. 推论；推断conclude v. 得出结论；推断出professional n. 专业人士adj.职业的；专业的；专门的professionalize v. 使……职业化；使……专业化professionalization n. 专业化；职业化professionalism n. 职业水准或特性；职业化；专业化provide v. 供给；提供；给予provided conj. 倘若；只要；假如provider n. 提供者；供应者，供应商provision n. 供应；提供；(法律的)条文；条款；规定；准备supply v. 供给；补充offer v. 提供；给予challenge n. 挑战；艰巨任务；(对真实性、价值、权威等提出的)怀疑；质疑v. 挑战；怀疑；质疑(真实性、价值、权威等)unchallenged adj. 不成问题的；未受到挑战的；未引起质疑的；没有异议的★Unit 5★deal n. 数量；程度；协议；(尤指)交易，生意v. 处理；给予；做买卖，经营ideal n. 理想；完美的典型；典范adj. 理想的；完美的；假设的；非常合适的；空想的；不切实际的dealing n. 行为；交易；交往dealership n. 代理权，经销权；经销商deal with 处理；应付；安排a great deal of 大量(的)，许多(的)contract n. 合同；契约structure v. 构造；建造；组织；构成n. 结构；构造；建筑物restructuring n. 改组；重新组织；调整structural adj. 结构的；建筑的infrastructure n. 下部构造；基础设施；下部组织define v. 阐明；规定；限定；使明确；给……下定义；解释content v. 使满足n. 容量；含量；(教育项目或课程的)内容；满足；满意adj. 满足的；满意的contention n. 争吵；争执；(争论或讨论时的)看法，观点discontent n. 不满；不满意adj. 不满的v. 使……不满self-contented 自满的；沾沾自喜的immigrant adj.(从国外)移来的；移民的n.(外来)移民；侨民immigration n. 移居；移民emigrate v. 移居国外；移民comprehension n. 理解；领悟comprehensive adj. 全面的；综合性的；能充分理解的；广泛的n. (英国的公立性)综合中学beyond one’s comprehension 不可理解potential n. 潜能；潜力adj. 潜在的；可能的possible adj. 可能的；潜在的probable adj. 可能的；大概的；很有希望的mass adj. 大规模的；群众的；大量的n. 大量，众多；团，块；质量；民众massive adj. 大而重的；大块的；大规模的；巨大的；大量的massacre n./v. 大屠杀biomass n. (单位面积或体积内)生物的数量rally v. 一致支持；团结起来；振作；恢复n. 群众大会；集会；(汽车、摩托车等的)公路大赛compare v. 比较；相比；对比；比作comparable adj. 可比较的；类似的；比得上的comparison n. 比较；比喻；对照comparative adj. 比较的；相当的comparatively adv. 对比地；比较地；相当地；相对地compare with 与……相比较compare to 与……相比；把……比作contrast n. 差异；差别；悬殊v. 对比；对照；截然不同；有明显差异；对比鲜明feature n. 特征；特色；特写(或专题) v. 起重要作用；以……为特色；由……主演；特写involve v. 使……卷入；牵涉；涉及；包含；使陷入；使参与involvement n. 参与；介入；卷入；(投入的)感情；(倾注的)热情；暧昧关系；恋爱关系revolve v. 使……旋转；使……循环；反复考虑；围绕n. 旋转；循环；旋转舞台evolve v. 发展；进化；使逐步形成；推断出invalid adj. 无效的；站不住脚的n. 病人；伤残者engage v.(使)参与；(使)从事；使参加(谈话)occupy v. 占据；使从事segment n. 部分；段；片；节section n. 部分；节fraction n. 一小部分；些微access n. 接近；进入的方法；入口；通道；进入（权）v. 读取(计算机)信息accessible adj. 易到达的，易进入的；易使用的；易得到的access road (进出某处的)通道cover n. 盖子；套子；(书的)封面v. 包含；足以支付；经过；穿过coverage n. 覆盖；覆盖范围；新闻报道recovery n. 恢复；复原；痊愈；重获discover v. 发现；发觉cloak n. 斗篷；披风；覆盖物；遮盖物v. 笼罩；覆盖；遮掩reveal v. 展现；显示；揭示；揭露；告诉；泄露uncover v. 揭露；发现unveil v. 公之于众；揭露display v. 陈列；显示disclose v. 公开；揭露analysis n. 分析；分解anatomy n. 解剖；剖析probe n. 探查；调查★Unit 6★identify v. 识别；鉴别；确认；把……看成一样identity n. 身份；统一性identify with 认同；与……有同感recognize v. 识别；认出title n. 书名；标题；头衔，称号entitle v. 取名为；叫做；给予名称；给……权利(或资格)entitlement n.(拥有某物或做某事的)权利；资格subtitle n. 副标题；说明对白的字幕v. 给……加副标题；在……上印字幕doubt n. 怀疑，疑惑v. 怀疑，疑惑doubter n. 怀疑者undoubtedly adv. 毫不怀疑地doubtful adj. 怀疑的in doubt 不确定；存在疑问in no doubt 毫无疑问physical adj. 物质的；有形的；肉体的；身体的；物理学的physics n. 物理；物理学geophysical adj. 地球物理学的physician n. 医生；内科医生astrophysicist n. 天体物理学家★Unit 7★material adj. 物质的；肉体的；有形的bodily adj. 身体的；肉体的introduce v. 引进；提出；采用；推行；引用introductory adj. 引言的；导论的；介绍性的launch v. 发动；开展n. 下水；发射initiate v. 开始；发起figure v. 算出；估计；推测n. 体形；数字；图形；人物figure out 弄清楚conduct v. 引导，带领；处理；实施；管理；传导(热，电等)；指挥(军队，乐队等) n. 行为；举动；指导，引导；实施semiconductor n. 半导体conductive adj. 传导性的；传导的；有传导力的conductor n. 领导者；向导；管理人；(管弦乐队或合唱团的)指挥behavior n. 行为；举止；(科学领域中的)运动方式；活动方式；性能；特点steer v. 驾驶(车、船、飞机等)；引导；指导(某人采取某种行动或态度)tell v. 辨别，区别；告诉；讲述；吩咐，命令；(事物)显露，显示teller n. 讲话者；出纳员；银行柜员机intellect n. 智力；非凡的才智；才智非凡的人intellectual n. 知识分子；脑力劳动者intellectualism n. 知性主义；理智主义；对理智之偏重intelligent adj. 聪颖的；有才智的；智能的intelligently adv. 聪明地；明智地intelligence n. 智力；智能；聪明satellite n. 人造卫星inform v. 告诉；通知notify v. 通知；告知lack n. 缺乏，不足；缺少的东西v. 缺乏，缺少blackened adj. 变黑的；被损坏的slack n. 煤末；长裤adj. 松弛的；疏忽的v. 放松；使缓慢；松懈；懈怠slacken v.(使)缓慢；(使)松懈；(使)松弛available adj. 可用的；可获得的；有空的be available to 可用于obtainable adj. 可获得的；可取得的accessible adj. 能接近的；易得到的emerge v. 浮现；出现；(问题等)发生；显露，(事实等)暴露；(从困境等中)摆脱；露头；出头emergence n. 出现；浮现；露头emergency n. 紧急状况；紧急需要；紧急事件adj. 紧急情况下的，应急的emerge from 从……出现；暴露(问题、意见等)surface v. 显露；浮出水面originate v. 发源；来自；产生；创始；开创appear v. 出现；显现express v. 表达；表示adj. 特快的，快速的；明确的；确切的n. 特快列车；快递；捷运公司press v. 压，按；催促；敦促；进行；强调；榨取；压榨n. 报纸；报刊；印刷机；新闻记者expression n. 表达；表述；表情；神情impress v. 盖印；传送；给人深刻印象impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的；不俗的；了不起的unimpressive adj. 不惹人注意的；给人印象不深的；无印象的depress v. 降低；减少；使沮丧；使消沉depression n. 萧条(期)；不景气；沮丧；忧愁；忧郁症depressant n. 镇静剂compress v.(使)压缩；缩短；使简练pressing adj. 紧迫的oppress v. 压迫；压抑；使……烦恼；使……感到沉重suppress v. 抑制；镇压；废止press for 迫切要求；敦促state v. 陈述；声明convey v. 传达；传递；输送consequence n. 结果；后果；影响；重要性in consequence 因此；结果outcome n. 结果；成果contribute v. 有助于；贡献；捐助；捐献；投稿contributing adj. 贡献的；起作用的contribution n. 捐助；贡献；捐助之物contribute to 有助于；捐助；贡献lead to 导致；把……带到give rise to 引起；导致；造成executive adj. 执行的；实施的n. 经理；主管；管理者current n. (河、湖或海的)水流；气流；电流；思潮；潮流adj. 现时的；当前的；进行中的curve n. 曲线；弧线；(尤指用图表表示的)曲线变化v.(使)弯曲；(使)呈曲线形sort n. 种类；类别v. 分类；整理resort v. 诉诸；采取；凭借；求助n. 胜地；手段sort sth. out 挑选出；分类，整理；解决(问题)；理清(细节)assort v. 把……分类classify v. 分类；归类secure v. 得到某物；获得；防护；保卫adj. 安全的；可靠的；放心的；稳固的；稳定的safeguard v. 保护；保卫；维护shield v. 保护；掩护；庇护threat n. 威胁；恐吓；凶兆menace n. 威胁；恐吓material n. 材料；物质；素材；资料adj. 物质的materialism n. 唯物主义；唯物论；实利主义；物质主义materialistic adj. 物质的；唯物主义的observe v. 观察；看到；遵守；奉行observer n. 观察家abide v. 忍受；容忍；遵守survey v. 调查establish v. 建立，设立；安置，使定居；确立establishment n. 确立；制定；公司；机构well-established 已为大家接受的；信誉卓著的establish oneself in 定居于；在……落户launch v. 开展(重大活动)；发起，发动(军事袭击等)；推出；发布wonder v. 诧异；奇怪；纳闷；想知道n. 惊奇；惊异；奇迹；奇事wonderful adj. 奇妙的；极好的no wonder 难怪；怪不得approach v. 靠近；接近；临近n. 方法；途径access to 接近；有权使用；通向……的入口come up to 达到；等于get close to 靠近；接近grant v. 给予；授予；同意；准予n. 补助金；拨款immigrant n. 移民；侨民adj. 移民的；迁入的take ... for granted 想当然；认为理所当然position n. 位置；职位；职务；姿势；姿态；见解；立场；形式positive adj. 积极的；明确的；肯定的；有益的；毋庸置疑的；(化验或试验结果)阳性的；(数字)正的；带正电的posture n. 姿势；态度；立场v. 故作姿态composition n. 作文；乐曲；构成，合成物opposition n. 反对；敌对；反对派；在野党proposition n. 命题；提议；主题；议题disposition n. 性情；倾向；处置；部署locate v. 找到；设立；确定……的位置site n. 场地；场所v. 使坐落在brain n. 大脑；智力；[pl] 脑力；智能brainstorm v. 集思广益；集体献计brain-drain 智囊流失；人才流失term n. 学期；期间；时期；条件；术语；条款；地位v. 把……称为，把……叫做determine v. 确定；查明；决定；使下决心；判决，裁定determinedly adv. 决然地，断然地terminate v. 使停止，使终止；解雇terminal adj. 末端的；终点的；定期的；末期的n. 末端；终点；总站；终端机terminally adv. 末期地；晚期地；末端地；终止地in terms of 根据；就……而言clause n.(法律文书的)条款increasingly adv. 不断增加地；越来越多地increased adj. 增加的；增强的labor n. 工作；劳动；劳力；劳工v. 劳动；苦干laboratory n. 实验室；研究室elaborate adj. 精心制作的；详尽的；煞费苦心的v. 精心制作；详细计划；详细阐述；从简单成分合成(复杂有机物)；变复杂laborsaving adj. 节省劳力的collaborate v. 合作；勾结，通敌collaboratively adv. 合作地，协作地workforce n. 劳动力mobile adj. 可动的；活动的；运动的；移动的；可轻松移动的detail n. 细节v. 详述；详细列举(或说明)career n. 事业；职业；生涯；工作岁月；职业生涯quit v. 离开；退出；停止；放弃；辞职resign v. 辞职；放弃renounce v. 放弃；抛弃depart v. 离开；出发essential n. 本质；要点；要素；必不可少的东西adj. 必要的；必不可少的；本质的；基本的necessary adj. 必要的n. 必需品vital adj. 至关重要的，必不可少的indispensable adj. 不可缺少的，绝对必要的core n. 果心；核儿；(问题的)核心；要点；主要业务；主要活动v. 去掉……的果心；给(水果)去核head n. 头；头顶；头部；首脑，首长；(公司、组织的)负责人；领导人；头脑；才智v. 率领；站在……前头；前进；用头撞；顶(球)headache n. 头痛；麻烦；令人头疼的事go-ahead n. 前进，进步；许可，批准headline n.(尤指报纸头版的)标题；大字标题；新闻提要v. 给加标题；使成为注意中心；在(演出)中担任主演headway n. 前进；进步；航行速度；间隔时间headlong adj. 轻率的；头朝前的；迅猛的adv. 头朝前地；迅猛地，莽撞地headhunter n. 猎头，物色人才的人；猎取人头的蛮人head for 驶向；走向chief n. 负责人；首领talent n. 天资；才能respect v. 尊敬；重视；遵守；顾及n. 尊敬，尊重；方面；[pl] 敬意；问候respected adj. 受尊敬的；受重视的；被认可的respectable adj. 值得尊重的；可观的，相当大的；人格高尚的respectively adv. 分别地，各自地irrespectively adv. 无关地with respect to 关于in respect of 关于；涉及esteem v. 尊敬；尊重；敬重n. 尊敬；尊重；敬重maintain v. 维持；保持；坚持；主张；供给；赡养retain v. 保持；保留；保存；付定金聘请(律师)uphold v. 维持；支持sustain v. 使持续；保持；经受；遭受primary adj. 最初的，初级的；首要的，主要的；基本的primarily adv. 主要地prime adj. 最好的；首要的n. 全盛时期；最成功时期v. 事先指点；使做好准备principal adj. 最重要的；主要的central adj. 中心的；最重要的★Uint 8★relate v. 叙述；讲述；和……联系interrelated adj. 相关的，互相联系的correlate v. 相互关联；极为相似；使显示联系；使相互关联correlated adj. 有相互联系的be correlated with 与……有关；与……相联系relate to 有关，涉及bond v. 与……紧密联系commune v. 与……融为一体directly adv. 直接地；笔直地；坦率地，直截了当地；正好地；即刻，马上directory n. 姓名住址簿；工商名录；号码簿；董事会，理事会；指南，使用手册adj. 指导的；咨询的directive adj. 指导的；管理的；方向性的n. 指令indirectly adv. 间接地；迂回地；婉转地；不坦率地straight adv. 直接地；坦率地frankly adv. 直率地；坦诚地otherwise adv.与之不同地；相反地；以其他方式；在其他方面likewise adv. 同样地；而且reflect v. 反映；表现；思考；深思；考虑reflection n. 思考；见解；想法；反映；反射；表现；体现；倒影unreflecting adj. 不反射的；无思虑的；不反省的reflect on 思考；仔细想；回忆despite prep. 不管；尽管in spite of 尽管discipline v. 训练；惩罚n. 纪律；规定；学科；训练land n. 陆地；土地；田地；国土；国家v. (使)登陆；(使)着陆；弄到；捞到mainland n. 大陆；本土adj. 大陆的；本土的landing n. 登陆；码头；楼梯平台element n. 元素；要素；组成部分elevate v. 举起；提高；提升indicate v. 指出；指示；表明；暗示expose v. 使暴露，使显露；揭露；揭发；使遭受pose v. 摆姿势；装模作样；提出(讨论等)；造成；形成n. 姿势；装模作样purpose n. 目的；用途；意志v. 决心；企图；打算propose v. 主张；提议；建议；打算；计划；求婚impose v. 强加；征税；利用；欺骗；施加影响compose v. 相成；组成；写作；作曲；使平静；排字oppose v. 反对；抗争suppose v. 猜想，料想；假设；认为supposedly adv. 据说；可能；按照准则；恐怕be exposed to 暴露于；遭受be composed of 组成as opposed to 与……截然相反be supposed to (按计划或期望)应当，应该religion n. 宗教；信仰；信念religious adj. 宗教的；虔诚的；宗教信仰坚定的n. 修道士；尼姑suffer v. (因疾病或处于其他不利境地而)受苦；受难；受折磨suffering n. 苦难；痛苦；折磨suffer sth./suffer from sth 患(某种病)；受( 某种病痛)折磨epidemic n. 流行病；(疾病的)流行，传播；(坏事的)盛行，泛滥，猖獗adj. 流行的；盛行的；肆虐的addict n. 吸毒成瘾者；瘾君子v. 使沉溺；使上瘾payment n. 付款；支付；支付的款项；付款额hijack v. 劫持；操控n. 劫持；强行控制；操控scale n. 规模；比例(尺)；鱼鳞；级别v. 测量；攀登；刮去……的鳞片circumstance n. [pl.] 情况；形势；环境under the circumstances = in thecircumstances 在那种情况下threaten v. 威胁；恐吓；预示prospect n. 前景；前途；展望；可能性；希望★Unit 09★reject v. 拒绝考虑；不接受；不同意；抛弃；不录取rejection n. 拒绝decline v. 拒绝；谢绝refuse v. 拒绝；回绝discard v. 丢弃；抛弃occur v. 发生；存在；出现；有；(想法或主意)被想起occurrence n. 发生；出现；发生的事情，事件incur v. 招致；带来；遭受happen v. 发生；出现；碰巧arise v. 产生；出现meet v. 遇见，会见；会谈；经历；遭到；满足assemble v. (使)集合；(使)聚集；(使)集会congregate v. 聚集；集合personal adj. 个人的，私人的；亲自的，本人的；人身的interpersonal adj. 人与人之间的；人际的personality n. 人格；性格；个性；名人impersonal adj. 不受个人情感影响的；冷淡的；客观的individual adj. 个人的；个别的；独特的private adj. 个人的；私人的indeed adv. 实际上；确实，实在；真正地；多么certainly adv. 确定地；当然地definitely adv. 明确地；确切地manage v. 管理；经营；处理；设法对付；控制；操作manager n. 管理者；经理manageable adj. 可管理的；可控制的；可处理的management n. (商务或机构的)管理，经营；管理部门；安排；驾驭administer v. 管理；治理regulate v. 管理；调整；控制control v. 控制；管理recognize v. 认出；识别；承认unrecognized adj. 未被认识的；未被承认的；未被认定的recognition n. 认识；识别；承认；接受；赞赏；认可object v. 反对n. 物体；目的；目标；客体；对象objection n. 反对；不喜欢；异议objective adj. 客观的；如实的n. 目的；目标；宾格objectivity n. 客观性；客观objectiveness n. 客观object to sth./doing sth. 反对(做)某事trust v. 信任；依赖；盼望；希望；委托n. 信任；依赖；委托；信托，托管；信托基金机构distrust v. 不信任n. 不信任mistrusted adj. 不信任的；多疑的trust fund 信托基金put trust in sb./sth 信任……，信赖……critical adj. 批判的；评论的；危急的；重要的；挑剔的；临界的critically adv. 批判性地；苛求地；危急地；严重地；关键地hypocritical adj. 伪善的；虚伪的；伪善者的；伪君子的criticize v. 评论，批评；批判be critical of 挑毛病；批评immediate adj. 立即的，即时的；直接的；最接近的；目前的，当前的immediately adv. 立即，立刻；直接地conj. 一……就instant adj. 立即的；速溶的let v. 允许，听任；假设；出租，租给；任由，让outlet n. 出口；(情感的)发泄途径let out 放出，释放；发出；结束let alone 不管；更不必说advocate n. 提倡者；拥护者；支持者v. 提倡；拥护；主张instance n. 例子；事例；实例instantly adv. 立刻，马上instantaneously adv. 立刻地；突如其来地for instance 例如；譬如preserve n. 保护区；禁猎地；蜜饯；果酱；专属工作；独占的事物v. 保护；维持；保存；保藏；腌制maintain v. 维持；保持；保养★Unit 10★concept n. 概念；观念；思想conception n. 概念；观念；想法；设想；构想；概念的形成；怀孕；胚胎preconception n. 先入之见；成见conceive v. 想象；相信；构思；设想；怀孕notion n. 理念；看法；观念enhance v. 提高；增强enhanced adj. 增强的；提高的；放大的chancellor n. (英国的)财政大臣；(德国或奥地利的)总理enhancement n. 增强；增加boost v. 使增长；推动；改进；使兴旺；增强；提高heighten v. (使)加强reference n. 参考；参考书目；提及；涉及；证明书(人)；介绍(人)parallel n. 平行线；平行面；类似；相似物；对比；纬线adj. 平行的；并联的；相同的；类似的unparalleled adj. 无比的；空前的；绝无仅有的。

恋练有词考研英语熟词僻义速记大全全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Title: Comprehensive Guide to Memorizing Multiple Meanings of Words in GRE EnglishIntroductionStudying for the GRE English test can be a daunting task, especially when it comes to memorizing the multiple meanings of words. However, fear not as we have compiled a comprehensive guide on how to efficiently memorize the multiple meanings of words in GRE English.Section 1: Understanding the importance of memorizing multiple meaningsIt is crucial to remember that GRE English tests not only test your vocabulary but also your ability to understand the various meanings of words. Memorizing multiple meanings of words can help you comprehend and answer questions more accurately.Section 2: Techniques for Memorizing Multiple Meanings1. Association: Associate each meaning of a word with a visual image or a scenario to help you remember the different meanings.2. Mnemonics: Create mnemonics or acronyms for each meaning of a word to aid in memorization.3. Flashcards: Create flashcards with the word on one side and its multiple meanings on the other side. Review them regularly to reinforce your memory.4. Use in Sentences: Practice using the word in sentences that demonstrate its various meanings. This will help you understand the nuances of each meaning.5. Groupings: Group words with similar meanings together to facilitate memory recall.Section 3: Common Words with Multiple Meanings1. Bear:- Meaning 1: To endure or tolerate- Meaning 2: To carry or support- Meaning 3: A large mammal2. Run:- Meaning 1: To move quickly- Meaning 2: To operate- Meaning 3: To flow3. Set:- Meaning 1: To place or put- Meaning 2: To establish or arrange- Meaning 3: A collection of items4. Break:- Meaning 1: To separate into pieces- Meaning 2: To pause or interrupt- Meaning 3: A rest periodSection 4: Practice Exercises1. Choose the correct meaning of the word "bright" in the following sentence:- She had a bright idea to solve the problem.a) Intelligentb) Shinyc) Luminous2. Identify the correct meaning of the word "cover" in the following sentence:- The blanket covered the bed completely.a) To hide or protectb) A protective garmentc) To include or reportSection 5: ConclusionMemorizing multiple meanings of words is a crucial aspect of preparing for the GRE English test. By using the techniques mentioned above and practicing regularly, you can improve your vocabulary and comprehension skills. Remember to stay consistent and dedicated in your study efforts to achieve success in the GRE English test.In conclusion, mastering the multiple meanings of words in GRE English can be challenging, but with the right approach and practice, you can achieve success. Good luck in your preparation for the GRE English test!篇2A Comprehensive Guide to Remembering Commonly Used Words with Uncommon Meanings in the Graduate English ExamIntroduction:Preparing for the English language section of a graduate entrance exam can be a daunting task, especially when it comes to memorizing the meanings of words that have multiple definitions or uncommon uses. To help students tackle this challenge, we have compiled a comprehensive list of commonly used words with uncommon meanings to aid in their preparation for the exam. This guide will not only explain these alternative meanings but also provide tips on how to remember them effectively.Word List:1. Bear (v) – to support or endureExample: He could no longer bear the weight of his responsibilities.2. Eclipse (n) – a loss of significance or powerExample: The company faced an eclipse in reputation after the scandal.3. Fastidious (adj) – overly concerned with details or standardsExample: She was known for her fastidious attention to cleanliness.4. Lethargic (adj) – lacking energy or enthusiasmExample: The hot weather made him feel lethargic and unmotivated.5. Pragmatic (adj) – practical and realisticExample: The decision to cut costs was a pragmatic approach to the financial crisis.6. Quixotic (adj) – overly idealistic; impracticalExample: His quixotic quest for perfection often led to disappointment.Tips for Remembering:1. Create flashcards with the word on one side and its uncommon meaning on the other. Review these flashcards regularly to reinforce your memory.2. Use the words in context by writing sentences or stories that incorporate the alternate meanings. This will help youunderstand how the words are used and make them easier to remember.3. Group words with similar meanings together to make it easier to recall them. For example, you could group words that describe negative emotions or actions together.4. Practice using the words in conversation or in writing to increase your familiarity with them. The more you use them, the more likely you are to remember their meanings.5. Test yourself regularly by quizzing yourself on the meanings of the words. This will help you gauge your progress and identify any words that you may need to review further.Conclusion:By familiarizing yourself with the uncommon meanings of commonly used words, you will be better prepared to tackle the English language section of the graduate entrance exam. Remembering these alternative definitions may seem challenging at first, but with practice and dedication, you can build your vocabulary and improve your understanding of the English language. Use the tips provided in this guide to aid in your preparation and approach the exam with confidence. Good luck!篇3恋练有词考研英语熟词僻义速记大全As we all know, English vocabulary plays a vital role in the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) for international students who are planning to study abroad. One of the key strategies to success in the GRE is to master the vocabulary, including both common and less commonly used words, along with their multiple meanings.In this document, we have compiled a comprehensive list of familiar English words with their less common meanings, along with some brief explanations and examples for better understanding.1. AberrantCommon meaning: deviating from the normLess common meaning: having a different positionExample: His aberrant behavior in the company led to his dismissal.2. CapitulateCommon meaning: to surrender or give inLess common meaning: to arrange in orderExample: After hours of negotiation, the hostage finally capitulated to the demands of the kidnappers.3. EphemeralCommon meaning: lasting for a short timeLess common meaning: a type of insect that lives for only a dayExample: The beauty of cherry blossoms is ephemeral, but it leaves a lasting impression on those who witness it.4. FacetiousCommon meaning: joking or jesting often inappropriatelyLess common meaning: having many faces or aspectsExample: His facetious remarks about the serious topic made everyone in the room uncomfortable.5. GarrulousCommon meaning: excessively talkativeLess common meaning: fond of dancing or prancingExample: The garrulous old man in the nursing home never stopped talking about his past adventures.6. LanguidCommon meaning: lacking in vigor or vitalityLess common meaning: causing fatigue or wearinessExample: The languid pace of the lecture put many students to sleep.7. ObfuscateCommon meaning: to confuse or obscureLess common meaning: to reveal or bring to lightExample: The politician's attempts to obfuscate the truth only made matters worse for his reputation.8. VacillateCommon meaning: to be indecisive or waverLess common meaning: to move or sway unsteadilyExample: He vacillated between two career options before finally making a decision.9. IntransigentCommon meaning: unwilling to compromise or change one's positionLess common meaning: being physically fixed or immovableExample: The intransigent negotiator refused to budge on any of the terms proposed by the other party.10. QuixoticCommon meaning: idealistic but impracticalLess common meaning: resembling or characteristic of Don QuixoteExample: His quixotic quest for the perfect job led him on a wild goose chase.By familiarizing yourself with these less common meanings of common English words, you can enhance your vocabulary skills and better prepare for the challenges of the GRE exam. Remember to practice using these words in context to truly internalize their meanings and improve your overall language proficiency. Good luck on your GRE preparation journey!。

恋练有词考研英语熟词僻义速记大全Memorizing words for the English language section of the graduate entrance examination can be a daunting task. Many words have different meanings depending on the context in which they are used, making it important to not only be familiar with the common definitions but also with the less common or obsolete meanings of words. In this document, we will provide a comprehensive list of words commonly found in the GRE that have multiple meanings or less common meanings, along with tips for remembering these meanings.1. TableCommon meaning: a piece of furniture with a flat top and one or more legsLess common/obscure meaning: to postpone consideration ofMemory aid: Think of the expression "let's table this for now," meaning to set something aside or postpone it for later consideration.2. FastCommon meaning: moving quicklyLess common/obscure meaning: to abstain from eatingMemory aid: Picture someone fasting during Ramadan, refraining from eating during daylight hours.3. ScreenCommon meaning: a protective or decorative cover for a window or doorLess common/obscure meaning: to test or assessMemory aid: Imagine a job interviewer screening potential candidates for a position, evaluating their qualifications.4. ChampionCommon meaning: a winner of a competition or contestLess common/obscure meaning: to support or fight forMemory aid: Recall the image of a champion boxer defending their title, fighting to retain their championship status.5. DispatchCommon meaning: to send off to a destination or deliver something quicklyLess common/obscure meaning: to killMemory aid: Think of a spy dispatching a target, swiftly eliminating them to complete a mission.6. HedgeCommon meaning: a fence or boundary formed by closely planted bushes or shrubsLess common/obscure meaning: to avoid making a clear, direct statementMemory aid: Imagine a politician hedging their bets, speaking in vague terms to evade taking a firm position on an issue.7. ProbeCommon meaning: to investigate or exploreLess common/obscure meaning: a flexible surgical instrument used to explore wounds or body cavitiesMemory aid: Think of a doctor probing a wound with a medical instrument to assess the extent of the injury.8. PrizeCommon meaning: a reward or honor given for excellence in a competition or contestLess common/obscure meaning: to value highly or regard with great esteemMemory aid: Picture someone prizing a family heirloom, treasuring it as a precious possession.9. FigureCommon meaning: a numerical symbol or amountLess common/obscure meaning: a person or character in a story or playMemory aid: Imagine a literary figure from a classic novel, such as Sherlock Holmes or Hester Prynne, as a representation of this meaning.10. KeyCommon meaning: a small metal instrument used to unlock a door or start a carLess common/obscure meaning: crucial or essentialMemory aid: Think of a key player on a sports team, someone whose performance is critical to the team's success.By familiarizing yourself with these alternate meanings of words commonly found on the GRE, you can enhance yourvocabulary skills and improve your ability to interpret complex texts during the exam. Practice using these words in various contexts and review them regularly to ensure they become a part of your active vocabulary. Good luck with your GRE preparation!。

unit 01statestatute manifestation statistic statistical stationary statement understatement overstate statesman estate【devastate devastating workstation statusassertaffirmpublic publication republican publicity…publicized publiclyin public masscivillawclawlawfullawsuitflaw，Lawyer legislation meanmeaningwell-meaning meaningless meaningfully means meanwhileby means of>by no meansindicateimplicationinfluenceinfluentialimpactlivealivedeliver、deliveryoutlivelivelinesslivelihoodlive offdwellresidesurvivesurvivalinhabitsettle)federalfederationFBICIAlargelargelyenlargeat largebulky~outsizehugemarkmarketmarketplacemarkedmarketerremarkremarkablelandmark？blotspotstainsymbolsystemsystematicsystematicallyregimeorganizationstructure|stressstressed-outhighlightemphasizestrainunit 02peergaze atstare atglare atcontemporary$issuetissueclaimproclaimdisclaimacclaimlay claim toallegecontend)patentintellectual propertycourt courteousLinehardline underline decline$online offline coastline deadline incline baseline airline outline lineage pipeline guideline。

恋恋有词高频词纯英文Unit 1statestatute n.manifestation n.statistic n. adj.statistical adj.stationary adj.statement n. understatement n.overstate v.statesman n.estate n.devastate v.devastating adj.workstation n.status n.assert v.affirm v.publicpublication n.republican adj. n.publicity n.publicize v.publicized adj.publicly adv.in publicmass n.civil adj.lawclaw n. v.lawful adj.lawsuit n.flaw n. v.lawyer n.legislation n.mean meaning n.well-meaning adj.meaningless adj. meaningfully adv.means n. meanwhile adv.by means ofby no meansindicate v.implication n.influenceinfluential adj. n.impact n. v.livealive a.deliver v.delivery n.outlive v.liveliness n.livelihood n.live offdwell v.reside v.survive v.survival n.inhabit v.settle v.federalfederation n.fbi federal bureau of investigationcia central intelligence agencylargelargely adv.enlarge v.at largebulky adj.outsize adj.huge adj.mark market n. v.marketplace n.marked adj.marketer n.remark v. n.remarkable adj.landmark n. adj.blot n.spot n.stain n. v.symbol n.systemsystematic adj. systematically adv.regime n. organization n.structure n.stressstressed-outhighlight v.emphasize v.strain v. n.unit 2peer:gaze atstare atglare atcontemporary n.issue:tissue n.claim:proclaim v.disclaim v.acclaim v.lay claim toallege v.contend v.assert v.patent: intellectual propertycourtcourteous adj. courtesy: courtesy seat,courtesy phone empathy: the ability to understand other people s feelingslineguidelinedeadlinebaselineairlinecoastlineheadlinedisciplineoutline n. v.lineage n.pipelineguidelinein line withseriesrowboundaryboundroutesuccessionprocessionvalueovervalue v.devalued adj.worth n.significance n.view:interview n. v. viewer n.review n. v. worldview n.in view ofin viewon viewtake sth. in view=take sth. into account perspective n. individual:individually adv.collective adj. economic: uneconomic adj. economics n.economically adv. socioeconomic adj.fiscal cliffimf international monetary fund financial adj.fiscal adj.monetary adj.create:creature n.creative adj. recreate v.creativity n.creation n.creationism n.creationist n.procreation n.legalillegal adj. n.lawful adj.legitimate adj. v. consider: consideration n. reconsider v.considerable adj. considering prep.consider asunit 3subject subjectivebe subject tolead leadership n.mislead vt. leader n.plead v.leading adj.lead someone onlead up totake the leadintendintend to do/intend doing sth.sectoraccountaccountant n.account for ... ;take into accountleave sth. out of accounton account of ;accountdescription n.explanation n.consumerconsumption n.consuming adj.client n.consumerism n.consumerenvironment:environmental adj. environmentally adv. environmentalist n. environment:surroundings n.atmosphere n.situation n.essay:article n.thesis n.matter:as a matter of factsubstance n.stuff n.material n.fund: fundamental adj. fundamentally adv.non-fundamentalistunderfund v.hold: household n.holder n.withhold vt.shareholder n. stockholder n. stakeholder n. hold backhold onhold outhold upcling vi.withstand v.seize vt.function functional adj. work n. employ vt. evidenceevident adj.proof n. adj. confirmationpractice n.in practiceperform v.note denote vt.noteworthy adj.take/make notes Unit 4degreeagreement n.Greek n. adj. concern concerned adj. unconcerned adj. concern oneself withas/so far as ... be concerned concernedallowshallow adj. ,allow forproductproduction n. productive adj. productivity n. invention n. , ,level low-level adj.level offon the leveldo one s level best efforteffortless adj.inferinferiority n. inferior adj. inference n.inferdeduce vt.conclude vt. professional professionalize v. professionalization professionalism n.provide provided conj. provider n. provision n. supply n. vt. offer vt. challenge unchallenged adj. Unit 5 structure restructuring v. structural adj. infrastructure n. content contention n. discontent n. adj. vt. self-contented adj. deal ideal n. adj. dealing n. dealership n. deal with a great deal of contract n. v. define immigrant immigration n. emigrate v. comprehension comprehensive adj. beyond one’ s comprehension potential possible adj. probable adj. mass massive adj. massacre n. biomass n. rally vt. n. compare comparable adj. comparison n. comparative adj. comparatively adv. compare with compare to contrast v. n. feature vt. involve involvement n. revolve vt. evolve v. invalid adj. n. engage v. occupy v. segment section n. fraction n. access accessible adj. give access to access road cover coverage n. recovery n. discover vt. cloak n. vt. reveal vt. uncover vt. unveil vt. display v. disclose vt.analysisanatomy n.probe n.Unit 6identifyidentity n.identify withrecognize vt.classify vt.titleentitle v.entitlementsubtitle n. vt.doubtdoubter n.undoubtedly adv. doubtful adj.in doubtin no doubtphysicalphysics n.geophysical adj.physician n. astrophysicist n.material adj.bodily adj.introduce introductory adj.initiate vt.launch vt. n. figurefigure outconduct semiconductor n. conductive adj. conductor n. behavior n. steer vt.tellteller n.intellect n.intellectual n. adj. intellectualism n. ; ; intelligent adj.intelligently adv.intelligence n.satellite n.inform vt.notify vt.lackblackened adj.slack adj. vt. n.slacken vt.availablebe available toobtainable adj.accessible adj.emerge emergence n.emergency n. adj. emerge fromsurface v.originate v.appear v.express press v. n. expression n.impress vt.impressive adj. unimpressive adj. depress vt.depression n. depressant n.compress vt.pressing adj.oppress vt.suppress vt.press forstate vt.convey vt. consequencein consequenceoutcome n.contribute contributing adj. contribution n. contribute tolead togive rise toexecutive current curve n. vt. sortresort v. n.sort sth. out assort vt.classify vt.secure safeguard vt.shield vt.threatmenace n.Unit 7material materialism n. materialistic adj. observeobserver n.abide v.survey v. establishestablishment n.well-establishedestablish oneself inlaunch vt.wonderwonderful adj.no wonderapproachaccess tocome up toget close tograntimmigrant adj. n.take for grantedpositionpositive adj. posture n. v.composition n.opposition n.proposition n.disposition n.locate vt.site n. vt.brainbrainstorm v.brain-draintermdetermine v.determinedly adv.terminate vt.termina l n. adj. terminally adv.in terms ofclause n.increasinglyincreased adj. labor laboratory n. elaborate adj. vt. laborsaving adj. collaborate v. collaboratively adv. workforce n. mobile detail career ; quit resign vt. renounce v. depart vi. essential necessary adj. n. vital adj. indispensable adj. n. core n. vt. head headache n. go-ahead n. headline n. vt. headway n. headlong adj. adv. headhunter n. head for chief n. talent n. respect respected adj. respectable adj. respectively adv. irrespectively adv. with respect to in respect of esteem vt. n. maintain retain vt. uphold vt. sustain vt. primary adj. primarily adv. prime adj. n. vt. principal adj. central adj. Unit 8 relate interrelated adj. correlate v. correlated adj. be related with relate to bond v. commune v. directly directory n. directive adj. n. indirectly adv. straight adv. frankly adv. otherwise likewise adv. reflect reflection n. unreflecting adj. relect on despite in spite of disciplineland mainland n.landing n.elementelevate v.indicateexposepose v. n.purpose n. v. propose v.impose v.compose v. oppose v.propose v.impose v.compose v. oppose v.suppose v. supposedly adv.be exposed tobe composed ofas opposed tobe supposed to religionreligious adj. n. suffer suffering n.suffer sth./suffer from sth epidemicaddictpaymenthijackscale circumstanceunder the circumstances= in the circumstancesthreatenprospectUnit 9reject rejection n.decline v.refuse v.discard v.occur occurrence n. incur v.happen v.arise v.meet assemble v. congregate v.personal interpersonal adj. personality n. impersonal adj. personal individual adj. private adj.indeed certainly adv. denitely adv. manage manager n. manageable adj. management n. regulate v.control v.object objection n. objective adj. n. objectivity n. objectiveness n.object to sth./doing sth.recognize unrecognized adj. recognition n.trustdistrust v. n. mistrusted adj.trust fundput trust in sb./sthcriticalcritically adv. hypocritical adj. criticize v.be critical ofinstance instantly adv. instantaneously adv. for instance immediate immediately adv. instant adj.letoutlet n.let outlet aloneadvocatepreservemaintain v.Unit 10concept conception n. preconception n. conceive v. notion n.enhanceenhanced adj. chancellor n. enhancement n. boost v. heighten v.referenceparallel unparalleled adj. parachute n. v. unprecedented adj. unparalleled adj. parachute n. v. unprecedented adj. succeedbe succeeded byconscious consciousness n. unconscious adj. subconscious adj. be conscious ofbe aware of deliberate adj. v. spontaneous adj. conservative conservation n. conserve energy progressive adj.globalcrisiscritic n.criticism n.musclemuscular adj. presence present adj. n. v. represent v.in the presence of genegenetic n. adj. genealogist n. generate v.codeencode v.moral coderetailretailer n.entail vt.upsetupsetting adj. disturbance n.partnerspouse n.versiondiversion n.。