各种时态.现在完成时

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各种时态(一般现在时…现在完成时)

一、过去的动作现在的结果

I had breakfast just now. and now I am full. 刚才我吃了早餐,现在我很饱。

=I have had breakfast. 我已经吃了早餐。

1. 常用在现在完成时的时间状语和副词:

2. already/yet/recently/lately/up till now/in the past few years/before

A: Have great changes taken place in Shenzhen yet/recently/lately/up till now/in the past few

years/before? 深圳已经发生巨大的改变了吗?

B: Yes, great changes have already taken place in Shenzhen in the past few years/up till now.

是的,深圳已经发生了巨大的改变。

B: Yes, great changes have just taken place in Shenzhen.深圳刚刚发生了巨大的改变。

3. Already(肯定句) 和yet (否定句和一般疑问句)的用法

A: Have you seen the film yet?

B: No, I haven’t yet.

B: Yes, I have already seen it. I have seen it many times.

4. have/has been to 表示去过某个地方回来了

A: Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 你去过长城吗?

B: Yes, I have been there twice/for many times. I am here。是的,去过两次/多次

5 have/ has gone to 表示:去了某个地方还没有回来.

A: Where is 海哥? Tom 在哪里?

B: He has gone to the office. He will be back in an hour. 他去了办公室, 一小时他会回来的。

6. have/ has been in 表示: 在某地呆了多久

A: Where was MW just now? 你刚才去哪?

B: MW has been to the office. She is here now. she has been in the room for a while。

MW去办公室了。她等一下会来。我在这里待了一会。

7. He came to Shenzhen a year ago. He has been in Shenzhen for a year.

他一年前来深圳,他在深圳一年了。

二、过去动作一直延续到现在

1. A: How long have you learned English? 你学英语多久了?

B:I have learned English for ten years. I have learned English since I was a child/since ten years ago.

我学了10年了. 我孩提时就开始学了

A: When and where did you begin to learn it? 什么时候开始学的?

B: l learned it at school three years ago. 3年前在学校里

2. 与for/since的动词应该用持续性动词

1) He has been away since two hours ago. = He has been away since 8 o’clock.

= he has been away for two hours.

2)He has died. 他死了四年了

He has been dead for four years/since four years ago.

= He has been dead since 2008.

3)He has bought a car. 他买车四年了

He has had the car for four years/since four years ago/ since2008.

4)He has borrowed the book. He has kept the book for four days/since four days ago.他借书两年了

5)He has come/arrived here. 他到这四年了 He has been here for four years/since four years ago/since 2008.

6)He has moved here. 他搬到深圳四年了

He has been/ has lived here for four years / since four years ago / since 2008.

7)He has left. He has been away for four years/since four years ago/ since2008.他离开了四年了

8)He has turned on the light. 等开了两个小时.

The light has been on for two hours/since two years ago

9)He has turned off the light. 等关了两个小时

The light has been off for two hours/since two years ago.

10)He has opened/closed the door. 门开了/关了两个小时

The door has been open/closed for two hours/since two hours ago.

= The door has been open/closed since 8 o’clock.

11)The class/ meeting has begun. The class/ meeting has been on for two hours.

12)The class/ meeting has finished. The class/ meeting has been over for two hours.

13)He has joined the army. 他参军两年了

He has been a solider/in the army for four years/since four years ago/ since2008..

14)He has joined the Party.他入党四年

He has been a Party member for four years/since four years ago/since 2008.

15) He has married. 他结婚四年

He has been married for four years/ since four years ago/since 2008

三、 常用现在完成时的句式

1. It is one of the most interesting books that I have ever read.

2. A: How long have learnt English?

B: I have learned it for 8years./ since 8 years ago./ since 2004./ since I was a child.

各种时态及常用的时间状语和时间副词

一般现在时

一) 常用的时间状语或时间副词every day/week/season/year/month ,

0ften, usually, always, seldom, never, seldom

He is often/usually/always/seldom/never/ seldom late for school.

He often usually/always/seldom/never/ seldom goes to school late.

He is late for school every day/week/season/ year.

He goes to school late every day/week/season/ year.

If it rains tomorrow, MW won’t come.

I won’t talk to him until he finishes his homework.

MW said the sun rises in the east.

According to the timetable the train leaves at 8.

School begins on the first of September.

二)各种句式

A: Is he late for school? B: Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t.

A: Does he go to school late? B: Yes, he does./No, he doesn’t.

A: Do you go to school late? B: Yes, I do/No, I don’t.

现在进行时 一) now, at present, 祈使句作为背景句子

Look! He is watching a football match.

He is reading a book now/ at present./for the time being.

Turn down the radio, the baby is sleeping.

He is reading the book these days.

二)表示位置变化的动词,现在进行时表示一般将来时

He is coming here/ is going there/ is moving to France/ is leaving for France in two days’ time.

二) 各种句式

A: Is he reading now? B: Yes, he is./ No, he isn’t.

一般将来时

一)常用时间状语和副词 tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, in two days, in the future, soon, tonight