考研英语阅读难点及应对之历年长句解析
An invisible border divides those arguing for computers in the classroom / on the behalf of students' career prospects and those arguing for computers in the classroom for broader reasons of radical educational reform.(1999年真题)
【分析】句子主干是由divides...and...(使……对立)搭配连接而成。两个those后面的分词短语作定语修饰those。句子主干为：An invisible border divides those and those.
【翻译】一种看不到的鸿沟，把那些主张为了学生有更好的职业前景而把电脑引入课堂的人和那些主张为了获得彻底教育革新更广泛理由而把电脑引入课堂的人的观点对立起来。
Very few writers on the subject have explored this distinction——indeed, contradiction——Which goes to the heart of what is wrong with the campaign / to put computers in the classroom.(1999年真题)
【分析】句子主干为：Very few writers have explored this distinction. “on the subject”介词短语作状语修饰“very few writers”,“which goes to the heart of what is wrong with the campaign to put computers in the classroom”是定语从句修饰“this distinction”的。
【翻译】很少有作者在这个问题上去探究这种差异，实际上，他们是互相矛盾的。而这种差异正是探究把计算机引入课堂运动问题的关键。
But, for a small group of students, professional training might be the way to go since well-developed skills, all other factors being equal, can be the difference between having
a jo
b and not. (1999年真题)
【分析】本句不难，重在对since引导从句的理解，这里since是表示因果关系的连词，表示“因为……”，诸如此类比较隐蔽的因果关系的连词还有as, as表示原因,可译为“由于，鉴于”，如：As he was not well, I decided to go without him(因为他病了，我决定一个人去)。
【翻译】但是，对于一小部分学生而言，职业培训也许是一种很好的途径，因为，在其他条件相同的情况下，拥有良好的技能对他们找工作结果的影响是不一样的。
The fact / that the apple fell down toward the earth and not up into the tree / answered the question / he had been asking himself about those larger fruits of the heavens, the moon and the planets. (1999年真题)
【分析】句子主干：The fact answered the question.“that the apple fell down toward the earth and not up into the tree”，“he had been asking himself about those larger fruits of the heavens, the moon and the planets”分别是the fact和the question的同位语，对其进行说明。
【翻译】苹果向下落到地面而不是向上飞到树上，这一事实回答了他长期以来一直对天空中更大天体——月球和行星所存在的疑问。
It is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that scientists / who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there /should not be distracted by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope. (1999年真题)
【分析】句子主干为：It is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that scientists
should not be distracted by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope.“who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there”是定语从句修饰“scientists”的。
【翻译】审记员们完全有理由相信，那些确切地知道他们的目标和实现方法的科学家不应该由于一边做着科学试验一边需要盯着经济利益而分心。
The grand mediocrity of today—everyone being the same in survival and number of off-spring—means / that natural selection has lost 80% of its power in
upper-middle-class India / compared to the tribes. (2000年真题)
【分析】句子主干为：The grand mediocrity of today / means that / natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class India. “everyone being the same in survival and number of off-spring”是插入部分，是对the grand mediocrity of today的一个补充说明。“compared to the tribes”分词短语作状语，修饰“that”引导的宾语从句，表示that引导从句所说明的情况在the tribes同样地发生了。(这里注意compared to与compared with的区别。compared to侧重于表达“相当于、等同于”的含义；compared with侧重于表达“与……相比较”的含义。)
【翻译】今天的普通大众，每个人有着同样生存机会和同样数量的后代，这意味着，自然选择在印度上流社会已经失去了80%以上的影响，在一些部落里情况也是一样。
However amazed our descendants may be at / how far from Utopia we were, they will look just like us. (2000年真题)
【分析】该句理解难点在于分清however和how引导的是疑问句还是感叹句。这里两者引导的是两个感叹句充当状语从句(however和how表示感叹语气“无论……”，只不过前者表达的语气更加
强烈些)。
【翻译】不论我们的后代对我们距理想状态之遥远感到多么惊讶，他们的长相将和我们一样。
In the twentieth century, local studies have increasingly become acceptable to professionals only if they incorporate, and reflect on, the wider geological picture.(2001年真题)
【分析】对于if引导的状语从句的理解方法，我们可以采用两遍法。首先从主句到从句顺读一遍，然后先从if从句开始，再由从句到主句逆读一遍，含义自然就明了(increasingly 越来越……)。
【翻译】在20世纪，区域地质学研究只有在包含并思考范围更广泛的地质学问题时，才会越来越被专业人员所接受。(注：picture，这里是引申用法，指情况或研究的问题。) For the women of my generation / who were urged to keep juggling through the 80s, downshifting in the mid-90s / is not so much a search / for the mythical good life——growing your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one /——as a personal recognition of your limitations. (2001年真题)
【分析】本句主干由not so much...as...(其准确的翻译应为“与其……不如……”，而这种翻译成中文之后通常让人产生理解上的障碍。这种搭配出现在客观试题的阅读文章中，通常可以直接把它理解成“不是……而是……”，让句意更加清晰)固定搭配连接构成的一个长句。定语从句“who were urged to keep juggling through the 80s, downshifting in the mid-90s”修饰“the women of my generation”。插入部分“growing yo ur own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one”，是对“the mythical good life”的具体说明。句子主干为：For the women of my generation is not so much a search for the mythical good life as a personal recognition of your
limitations.
【翻译】对于我们这一代曾在整个80年代为生活奔波的女性来说， 90年代中期过着放慢生活节奏的生活，与其说是追求神话般的美好生活——自已种有机蔬菜，冒着变得毫无生机的危险——倒不如说我们都认识到了自己的局限。(注：one指代vegetable，引申是精神上像植物一样没有生气的人。)
Downshifting——also known in America as “voluntary simplicity”—— has, ironically, even bred a new area of / what might be termed / anti-consumerism.(2001年真题)
【分析】由于插入成分，句子显得稍长。对于有插入成分构成的长句，首先要忽略插入成分，直接理解主句，然后再理解插入成分。插入成分通常是对紧邻的前一句内容的进一步说明，在理解插入成分时，应该结合所说明的内容一起理解。句子主干为：Downshifting has bred a new area of / what might be termed / anti-consumerism.
【翻译】颇具讽刺意义的是，“放慢生活节奏”，在美国被称为“甘愿简朴”的生活方式居然产生出一个可称为“反消费主义”的新领域。
I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will / after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She / after a build up of stress, /that abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life”, /and making the alternative move into “downshifting” bri ngs with it far greater rewards than financial success and / social status. (2001年真题)
【分析】本句状语较多，再加上多个并列动名词短语充当宾语从句的主语，导致句式较长，难以形成连贯的语义。理解方法是学会断句和抓主干。本句主干是由discovered后面带一个宾语从句构成。主干为：I have discovered that / abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life”, /and making the alternative mov e into “downshifting” brings with it far greater rewards than
financial success and / social status.“as perhaps Kelsey will”是伴随状语从句的主干，“after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She / after a build up of stress”是两个并列介词短语作状语修饰“as perhaps Kelsey will”，“abandoning the doctrine of …juggling your life?, /and making the alternative move into …downshifting?”是两个并列动名词短语充当宾语从句的主语。
【翻译】我发现，放弃那种“忙碌地应付生活”的信念而选择“放慢生活节奏”会带来比金钱和社会地位更大的回报。经受过长期巨大压力，凯尔西从《女性》杂志编辑部退下来之后，恐怕她也将与我有同样的发现。
I have been transformed from /a passionate advocate of the philosophy of “having it all”, preached by Linda Kelsey / for the past seven years / in the page of She magazine, into a woman / who is happy to settle for a bit of everything. (2001年真题)
【分析】本句是由transformed from...into...(从……转变为……)固定搭配连接构成的长句。句子主干为：I have been transformed from a passionate advocate of the philosophy of “having it all” into a woman who is happy to settle for a bit of everything.“preached by Linda Kelsey”，分词作定语修饰“the philosophy of …having it all?”。“who is h appy to settle for a bit of everything”定语从句修饰“woman”。
【翻译】我已经从“拥有一切”哲学的积极倡导者，转化成一个对一切浅尝辄止就心满意足的妇女。过去七年里琳达·凯尔西在《女性》杂志再三宣扬这种哲学。
It identifies the under-treatment of pain / and the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced medical procedures / that may prolo ng and even dishonor the period of dying” / as the twin problems of end-of-life care. (2002年真题)
【分析】本句主干部分是由identify...as...(把……识别为……)固定搭配连接构成的。同时identifies后面所接的两个并列宾语成分(the under-treatment of pain，the aggressive use of ineffectual and forced medical procedures)增加了句子的理解难度。句子主干为：It identifies the undertreatment of pain / and the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced medical procedures / as the twin problems of end-of-life care. 定语从句“that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying”，修饰“the aggressive use of …ineffectual and forced medical procedures?”而不是“the under-treatment of pain and the aggressive use of …ineffectual and forced medical procedures?”，这里要学会对定语从句所修饰词语范围的限定，通常结合文中的句意来确定。
【翻译】该报告把对病痛处理不力和坚持使用无效及强制性医疗手段从而有可能延长病人死亡时间，致使病人临终时痛苦不堪，确定为临终护理方面存在的两大问题。
The American spymaster / who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War II / and later / laid the roots for the CIA / was fascinated with information. (2003年真题)
【分析】句子主干为：The American spymaster was fascinated with information. “who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War II / and later / laid the roots for the CIA”是定语从句，修饰“The American spymaster”。
【翻译】这位在第二次世界大战中建立了战略情报局且后来为中央情报局奠定基础的美国间谍头子对信息收集非常痴迷。
Physicians——frustrated by their inability to cure the disease / and fearing loss of hope in the patient——too often offer aggressive treatment / far beyond what is scientifically justified. (2003年真题)
【分析】句子主干为：Physicians too often offer aggressive treatment.插入部分“frustrated by their inability to cure the disease / and fearing loss of hope in the patient”是分词作定语，修饰physicians。介词短语“far beyond what is scientifically justified”作定语修饰“aggressive treatment”。
【翻译】内科医生由于不能治愈疾病，同时担心病人失去希望，常常采取极端大胆的治疗方法，这些方法远远超出了科学许可的界限。
A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia, which would offer financial incentives for private industry, is a promising start. (2005年真题)
【分析】句子主干：A bill is a promising start. “which would offer financial incentives for private industry”是修饰“a bill”的定语从句。
【翻译】来自西弗吉尼亚州的民主党参议员罗伯特·伯德提出的一项议案是一个很有希望的开端，该议案提出将对私人企业给予财政上的奖励。
The brain is as active during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep——when most vivid dreams occur——as it is when fully awake.(2005年真题)
【分析】句子主干由as...as...(和……一样……)固定搭配构成。句子主干：The brain is as active as it is when fully awake. 介词短语“during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep”作状语修饰“active”，时间状语从句“when most vivid dreams occur”修饰“REM (rapid eye movement) sleep”。
【翻译】大脑活动在眼球迅速运动的睡眠时期中同完全醒时一样，最生动的梦境就出现在那时。
With much practice / people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep. (2005年真题)
【分析】句子主干：people can learn to do it in their sleep.本句难点在于literally的理解，表示“客观地，实际上”。“with much practice”，with引导的介词短语作伴随状语，修饰整个句子。
【翻译】多加练习的话，人们就真能在睡眠时控制梦境了。
American no longer expects public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. (2005年真题)
【分析】句子主干：American no longer expects public figures to command the English language with skill and gift.“whether...or...”引导状语从句，表示“无论是……还是……”。
【翻译】美国人不再指望公众人物在演讲或写作中娴熟地运用技巧和文采来驾驭英语。
John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English. (2005年真题)
【分析】本句主干由see...as...(把……看作……)连接构成。句子主干：John McWhorter sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal
English.“mixed liberal and conservative views”分词短语作定语，修饰controversialist。
【·译】约翰·麦克沃特是位喜欢争辩的语言学家，他的观点混杂着保守派与自由派的看法，他认为，20世纪60年代反文化传统的得势是造成正式英语水平下降的原因。
It?s not obvious / how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns / suits one to answer questions / that have eluded some of the best poets and
philosophers.(2007年真题)
【分析】本句是一个结构比较复杂的表语从句。句中“how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns / suits one to answer questions”充当主句的主语，主语中的几个不定式均是修饰the capacity，定语从句“that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers”修饰“questions”。本句的理解难点是one指定的判定。指代的判断通常可以从两个方面着手：一、指代前面的中心词，二、与指代所在句子的并列结构。本句中我们可以确定one 之前的中心词是the capacity，两者都是不定式结构，属并列结构，因此，这里的one指代的是capacity。
【翻译】对目标事物进行形象思维和推断数字模型的能力，如何与解答那些难倒最有才气的诗人和哲学家的问题的能力相匹配，这点并不明显。
Even demographics are working against the middle class family, as the odds of having a weak elderly parent--and all the attendant need for physical and financial assistance--have jumped eightfold in just one generation. (2007年真题)
【分析】本句难点在于几个词汇的理解：work against表示“对……不利”、as作连词可以表示因果关系，这里表示“因为”，odds表示“可能性、概率”。通常这些貌似熟悉的词汇，一旦在句中出现其确切的含义会让许多考生难以理解，因此考生在记单词的时候一定要彻底弄懂这些熟悉但具体词义不好把握的词汇，这个可参看海文《2009考研英语易混超难词汇特训手册》。
【翻译】就连人口统计数据也对中产阶级不利，因为家庭成员中有一个年老体弱的父母——以及其他需要物质和经济救助的人——的可能性，在一代人的时间里就猛增了八倍。
【小结】从以上近20年来的阅读真题中出现的长难句，我们可以看出，所谓的长难句其实并不难，它们基本上是由少数几个常见的句型或固定搭配连接而成的。对于绝大部分考生来说，由于自身
心态问题，以至于对长句产生恐惧，他们看到字数多一点的句子就不知所措。实际上，我们只需冷静头脑，从容应对，读懂这些句子是不会有问题的。
2019年6月大学英语六级阅读长难句解析（5） 英语六级阅读长难句解析(5) 1. It is not so bad being ignorant if you are totally ignorant; the hard thing is knowing in some detail the reality of ignorance, the worst spots and here and there the not-so-bad spots, but no true light at the end of the tunnel nor even any tunnels that can yet be trusted. (1991. 阅读. 12月. Text 3) 如果你彻底无知的话，那么无知也就不是那么糟糕。困难的是人们详细了解无知的实际情况最差的方面以及各处并不太差的方面，但并不了解这种困难根本没有结束的迹象，甚至还没有可以信赖的任何解决问题的途径。 句子的主干是it is not so bad being ignorant if...;the hard thing is knowing the realitybut no true lightnor even any tunnels分号连接两个并列分句。前面的分句句首it为形式主语，真正的主语为being ignorant;if引导条件状语从句。后一分句的is knowing和no true lightnor even any tunnels由but连接做系表谓语;句尾that引导的定语从句修饰tunnels. 2. The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and
英语六级经典长难句分析（15句） 1. This is a difficult and unpleasant business and few animals would survive if they had to start from the beginning and learn about the world wholly by trial and error, for there are the have possible decisions which would prove fatal. (199 2. 阅读. 6. Text 2) 【译文】这是个困难而又糟糕的事，因为如果动物出生后不得不从头学习生存本领，并且仅仅依靠尝试错误体验世界，那么只有极少数动物能够存活，因为它们做出的决定有可能是致命的。 【析句】复合句。主句由and连接两个并列句子组成，This is a difficult and unpleasant business and few animals would survive, and前的句子是简单句，and后的句子后又跟有if引导的条件状语从句和for 引导的原因状语从句for there are decisions, decisions又有which引导的定语从句修饰。 2. Vigorous criticism is constructive in science more than in some other areas of human endeavor because in it there are adequate standards of
考研英语长难句突破讲义 适用对象：考研学子，四级，六级英语学习或相当者。 课程目的：打破英语阅读学习的幻觉，真正获得一扇通向别样美丽世界的窗户，人生从此再无长难句。为英语写作夯实基础。 课程安排：方法论讲解；难句解析；考试实战演练 第一部分方法论讲解 引子我们为什么要精读句子 1.精读能力的要求（消除障碍的阅读） 自由笔记区目标：准确【重要】精读 2．泛读能力的要求（广泛获取信息的阅读） 目标：快速 技能：高职 阅读的实际过程是什么知识：本科 Input（英文）-mind（句子层面）-output（中文）思维：研究生 思想：博士 阅读在句子层面的障碍 1．含义 2．语序 简单句的障碍来源 简单句：只有一套谓语的句子 基本句型包括：主+谓，主+谓+宾，主+谓+双宾，主+谓+宾+宾补，主+系+表 定语，状语，同位语，插入语 简单句的障碍识别及处理方法 定语：在句子中修饰名词的成分problem-定义-细化-solution（思维方式） 前置定语：adj+名词 后置定语： 形容词短语：形容词+介词+名词this is a book useful for your future Ving a woman walked on the road Ved a painting painted by Jane n. + to do a way to solve the problem 介词短语：介词+名词a bottle of water on the table 表语形容词：alive a cat alive 解决方案：前置P．S：I want to be part of something big. Something属于不定代词。 【不定代词定语置后】 定语从句（不属于简单句范畴） 关系代词：人称代词：who whom which that as +非完整句 引导词物主代词：whose +完整句
1.lost count 弄不清楚 2.be in another world 精神恍惚，魂不守舍 3.make yourself at home 随意，随便 4.save your breath 省口气吧，别白费口舌 5.make sense 有意义，理解 6.cost sb. an arm and a leg 非常昂贵 7.burn a hole in one's pocket 很快被花光 8.fill one's shoes 顶替，令人满意地替代 9.is ice cold 表示理所当然 10.like apples and oranges 用来表示无法相比的事物 11.lose one's train of 忘记 12.meet each other half way 相互妥协，让步 13.on the dot 准时，正点 14.once and for all 最后一次，干脆 15.out of earshot 不在听力所及范围 16.out of this world 非常好 17.play by ear 随机应变，视情形而定 18.ring a bell 令人想起某件事，听起来耳熟 19.share a common outlook 有共同的观点 20.six of one and half-a-dozen of the other 半斤八两，没什么区别 21.stick around 在附近逗留或等待 22.stick with 继续做，坚持 23.straighten out 扯平，结清 24.toss and turn (身体)翻来覆去(通常表示难以入睡) 25.turn one's back(在别人遇到困难时)不愿帮助 26.under the weather 身体不适，生病 27.bite off more than one can chew 贪多嚼不烂，心有余而力不足，不自量力，力不从心 28.break new ground 创新
英语六级作文优美句子 本文是关于英语六级作文优美句子，仅供参考，希望对您有所帮助，感谢阅读。 1、必须指出学习只能靠自己。 It must be pointed out that learning can only depend on oneself. 2、我们的交通状况令人不满意。 The condition of our traffic is not satisfactory. 3、东西是新的好，朋友是老的亲。 Everything is new and good, and friends are old. 4、抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。 Smoking has a great influence on our health. 5、污染对我们的生存造成巨大威胁。 Pollution poses a great threat to our existence. 6、我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。 We should spare no effort to beautify our environment. 7、另一方面，日制学校的贡献是不能忽视的。 On the other hand, the contribution of day schools can't be ignored. 8、这是一个关系到生死的问题，任何国家都不能忽视。 This is a problem that is related to life and death, and no country can ignore. 9、离开父母上寄宿学校的学生将会培养他们的独立性。 Students who leave their parents' boarding school will cultivate their independence. 10、人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。 People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation. 11、用怪罪别人的办法来解决问题通常被称为寻找替罪羊。 Eliminating problems by transferring the blame to others is often called looking for a scapegoat.
六级真题阅读长难句分析 1. For hundreds of millions of years, turtles （海龟） have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy beaches, long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them, or GPS satellites and marine biologists to track them, or volunteers to handcarry the hatchlings （幼龟） down to the water 's edge lest they become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards a motel parking lot instead. （2009 年6 月） 【分析】本句为复合句，主架为?turtles have struggled ?。For hundreds of millions of years 为介词短语作时间状语。before ?为时间状语从句，该从句采用的是there be 结构，主语为or 连接的三个名词（词组）：natural documentaries ，GPS satellites and marine biologists 和volunteers ，主语 后的不定式均为主语的后置定语。lest “以免”引导状语从句，采用虚拟语气。【译文】数百万年以来，海龟们都挣扎着从海里爬出来，到沙滩上产卵，那时候还没有自然纪录片来记录它们的活动，没有GPS卫星和海洋生物学家跟踪它们，没有志愿者用手把小海龟放到水边以防它们被桅灯搞得迷失方向而爬向旅馆的停车场。 2. The figures prompted Oceana to petition the government to upgrade the level of protection for the North Atlantic loggerheads from “threatened ” to “endangered” —meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help. （2009 年6 月） 【分析】本句为复合句，主架为The figures prompted Oceana ?。to petition the government 为不定式作prompted 的状语，to upgrade the level of protection ?为不定式作petition 的状语。they are in danger ?help 作meaning 的宾语，相当于省略了引导词that 的宾语从句。 【译文】这些数字迫使Oceana向政府请求将对北大西洋大海龟的保护程度由“受到威胁”提升到“濒临灭绝”，这意味着如果没有额外的保护，它们将面临消失的危险。 3. But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness, and a report by the Fish and Wildlife Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of North Atlantic sea turtles, notably loggerheads, which can grow to as much as 400 pounds. （2009 年6 月） 【分析】本句为并列复合句，主架为Nature is indifferent ?and?a report ?showed?a ?drop ?。But 表转折。by the Fish and Wildlife Service 为介词 短语作report 的后置定语。which can grow to as much as 400 pounds 为非限制性定语从句，修饰loggerheads 。be indifferent to 意为“对?无动于衷”。a drop in 指“在?方面下降”。 【译文】但是大自然对人们的平等观念却漠不关心，渔业和野生动物服务组织的一项报告显示，北大西洋好几种海龟的数量都在令人担忧地下降，尤其是一种能够长到400 磅重的大海龟。 4. The narrow strips of beach on which the turtles lay their eggs are being squeezed on one side by development and on the other by the threat of rising sea levels as the oceans warm. （2009 年6 月）
2019年12月英语六级考试长难句翻译练习(12) 1. Great comic artists assume that truth may bear all lights, and thus they seek to accentuate(强调) contradictions in social action, not gloss over or transcend them by appeals to extrasocial symbols of divine ends, cosmic purpose, or laws of nature. 2. The hydrologic(水文地质的) cycle, a major topic in this science, is the complete cycle of phenomena through which water passes, beginning as atmospheric water vapor, passing into liquid and solid form as precipitation (降水(量)), thence along and into the ground surface, and finally again returning to the form of atmospheric water vapor by means of evaporation and transpiration(散发). 3. My point is that its central consciousness—its profound understanding of class and gender as shaping influences on people’s lives—owes much to that earlier literary heritage, a heritage that, in general, has not been sufficiently valued by most contemporary literary critics. 4. In the early 1950’s historians who studies preindustrial Europe (which we may define here as Europe in the period from roughly 1300 to 1800) began, for the first time in large numbers, to investigate more of the preindustrial European population than the 2 or 3 percent who comprised the political and social elite (精华) ： the kings, generals, judges, nobles, bishops, and local magnates (要人) who had hitherto (迄今) usually filled history books. 5. The historian Frederick J. Tuner wrote in the 1890’s that the agrarian(农民) discontent (不满) that had been
1. The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earth’s atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made. (2005. 阅读. Text 2) 【译文】最近的行动是由白宫召集了一批来自国家科学院的专家团，他们告诉我们，地球气候毫无疑问正在变暖，而这个问题主要是人为造成的。【析句】句子的主干是The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Science s to tell us that...and that...。主系表容易辨认，to tell us作目的状语，两个并列的that引导tell的宾语从句。令整个句子略显复杂的是插入语enlisted by the Whi te House，割裂了这句话的整体性。 2. But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions. (2005. 阅读. Text 2) 【译文】但是科学确实为我们的未来提供了最好的指导，关键是我们的国家和整个的世界在做重要决策时，应该以科学能够提供的关于人类现在的行为对未来影响最好的判断作为依据。【析句】首先，句子的主干science does provide us...future and it is critica l...。and连接两个并列的句子，前句是个简单句，容易理解；后句中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句，因为从句很长，若放在句首，句子则显得头重脚轻。t hat主语从句中，our nation and the world 是主语，base是谓语，important policies是宾语，on the best judgments 是宾语补足语，而judgments后有that引导的定语从句。注意，concerning the futrue...actions中的concerning此处是介词，意为“关于，就……而论”。 3. Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete, that it’s OK to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure. (2005. 阅读. T ext 2) 【译文】就像吸烟问题一样，来自不同领域的声音坚持认为有关全球变暖的科学资料还不完整。在我们证实这件事之前可以向大气中不断地排放气体。【析句】句子的主干是voices now come from many quarters,insiting that...,that... 中，insisting是现在分词作定语，相当于that insist; 两个that引导的都是宾语从句，作insist的宾语。第二个that从句中，还包含until引导的时间状语从句。 1. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in
做题技巧：做完快速阅读离听力开始还有五分钟，在这五分钟内老师会把你的答题卡1收上去，然后我们要做的就是浏览听力的所有选项。这段时间是充分发挥你记忆力的时候，记住的选项越多越好。加了长对话和考试和复合式听写之后听力时间变长了，很容易让人觉得疲惫，所以做听力的时候一定要保持最佳状态。 v一．卷子发下来后快速的浏览一遍，包括题干和答案。这样会大大提高你对听力的理解---知道它是讲什么内容，大概是怎么回事。 大学英语六级听力技巧 v二．没听懂的题目，就放弃它，千万不要在听下道题的时候还在想上道题。这样会引起头脑的混乱。 大学英语六级听力技巧 v三．相信第一感觉，听力部分不是非常确凿的感觉的话不要改动开始的答案。人的脑袋有时候会混淆的。因此很多情况下不是你选错了，而是改错了。因此轻易别选，但是选了之后轻易别改。 大学英语六级听力技巧 v四．复合式听写的句子部分是得分大户，也是丢分大户，一定注意听懂再写，以句子为单位而不是以单词为单位去写。写出主要意思即可。不会写的单词要用同义词来替换。 大学英语六级考试七大听力技巧与题型分析 v(一)提炼选项中的重要信息 v考生务必先看选项。当录音人开始宣读Directions 时，考生应充分利用这段时间速读选项，预测考点，从而做到心中有数。通过先看选项，可以明确题目多方面的信息： v1)题目涉及到的人物、地点、场合等，在非主题题型中，可能暴露该题的主题。考生可以通过对全部选项的速读建立起一个大概的场景，比如:图书馆、医院病房等，从而联想起与该环境有关的词汇，迅速进入状态; 大学英语六级考试七大听力技巧与题型分析 v(一)提炼选项中的重要信息 v提醒考生务必先看选项。当录音人开始宣读Directions 时，考生应充分利用这段时间速读选项，预测考点，从而做到心中有数。通过先看选项，可以明确题目多方面的信息： 大学英语六级考试七大听力技巧与题型分析 2)当四个选项是同类短语时，考点就在这一细节。这时，考生应充分集中精力，听懂时间、数字等与选项对应的细节考点; 大学英语六级考试七大听力技巧与题型分析 3)尽管四个选项中只有一个正确答案，其余的三个选项设置也并非和题目毫无关系。利用设定干扰选项所遵循的规律，我们可以大胆地进行猜想。这种猜测其实并不耽误时间，也不怎么消耗脑力，考生反而能够通过猜想事先得到一个对该题的印象。
社会话题： 1. Over the decade the pace of change in people’s life has increased beyond our wildest expectations. Among the breakthroughs driving changes is the wide use of smart devices, which makes online shopping or learning possible and more convenient. （凯文真棒！） 在过去十年间，人们生活改变的步伐之快超越了我们最狂野的想象。在推动这些改变的突破中包括智能设备的广泛使用，这使得网络学习和购物成为可能并变得更方便 b。 2. With the government’s will and public awareness, corresponding effective measures could really reduce the amount of rubbish we produce. Certainly nobody wants to see our resources used up and our planet poisoned by waste.有了政府的决心和公众的意识，相应的有效的措施就真的能减少我们制造的垃圾。确实，没有人希望看到我们的资源被耗尽我们的地球被废弃物污染。 3. In my opinion, focusing on sports facilities is too narrow an approach and would not have the desired results. ?Youngsters should be encouraged not only to be more physically active but also to adopt a healthier lifestyle.? 在我看来，仅仅关注运动设施是很有限的解决手段而且也不可能得到全部想要的结果。 年轻人不仅应该多锻炼而且应该采取更健康的生活方式。 4. However, these issues can be addressed strategically within the proper policy adopted.? 但是,只要措施得当，这些问题还是会很好地解决的。 Long-term traffic and pollution reductions would depend on educating the public to use public transport more, and on governments using public money to construct and run efficient systems.（凯文最棒!） 要想长期解决污染问题就需要教育公众多使用公共交通，多用公共资金来建设并运营高效的系统。 5. We must avoid overindulgence and conspicuous consumption. We must instead continue to recognize the
第一天 China is the homeof silk. Mulberry planting, sericulture, silk reeling and thickening are allgreat inventions of the ancient Chinese. As early as the Shang and ZhouDynasties (1600BC-256BC), the Chinese people’s silk-weaving techniques hadreached an extremely high level. During the Western Han Dynasty (206BC-25AD),Zhang Qian, an outstanding diplomat, travelled around central Asia andconnected China with the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean, opening up a newera of Sino-foreign trade, exchange and communication. From then on, China’ssilk became well known for its extraordinary quality, exquisite design andcolor, and abundant culture connotations. Hitherto, Chinese silk has beenaccepted as a symbol of Chinese culture and the emissary of orientalcivilization. 中国是丝绸的故乡。栽桑、养蚕、缫丝、织绸是中国古代人民的伟大发明。商周时期丝绸的生产技术就已发展到相当高的水平。西汉时张骞通西域，把中原与波斯湾、地中海紧密联系起来，开辟了中外交流贸易的新纪元。从此中国的丝绸以其卓越的品质、精美的花色和丰富的文化内涵闻名于世，成为中国文化的象征。东方文明的使者。 But, for a small group of students, professional training might be the way to go since well-developed skills, all other factors being equal, can be the difference between having a job and not. 但是，对一小部分学生来说，职业教育也许是条可取之路。因为在其他因素相同的情况下，技能的娴熟是得到工作与否的关键。 第二天 Chinese Era The Chinese era is the symbol that the Chinese calendar uses for recording andnaming years. The ten Heavenly Stems are: jia, yi, bing, ding, wu, ji, geng,xin, ren, gui. The twelve Earthly Branches are: zi.chou, yin, mou, chen, si,wu, wei, shen, you, xu, hai. After observing the lunar month, the ancientsfound that the moon always wazes and wanes roughly 12 times a year, and twolunar months account for about 60 days, so the order of the ten Heavenly Stemsand the order of the twelve Earthly Branches are properly matched in turn. Interms of recording date, 60 years is considered to be a full time cycle. TheChinese era chronology was first invented in ancient times and is still in usenow. according to the chronology of the “ten Heavenly Stems,” 2011 is the yearof “the seventh of the ten Heavenly Stems” and “ the fifth of the twelveEarthly Branches”. 天干地支是中国历法中用以记录和命名年岁的方法。十天干为：甲、乙、丙、丁、戊、已、庚、辛、壬、癸；十二地支为：子、丑、寅、卯、辰、巳、午、未、申、酉、戊、亥。古人观测朔望月，发现月亮圆缺12次大体上是一年的天数，而两个朔望月约是60天。古人以十天干与十二地支的顺序依次相配，记录不同年份，60年为一个轮回。干支纪年法从古沿用至今。按干支纪年法，2011年便是辛卯
考研英语长难句突破课程讲义主讲：屠皓民 第一讲句子的基本成分 句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语/表语、定语、状语和补语。注：“_____”的部分是主干部分。例：Such characteristics make them perfect candidates. 谓语是整个句子的最重要的部分，也是整个句子的突破口。只有谓语是没有从句的概念的。 一、谓语 1、实义动词，即行为动词，watch, play 及物动词：后面直接宾语 不及物动词：后面加介词+宾语 We have friends all over the world. The examination ended at 11:30 am. They are looking for the lost wallet.. 不及物动词有的时候也可以做及物动词来用，比如close，begin, study, leave, work等 The post offices close at 9:00 o’clock PM. Close the window! 形式变化：时态变化，语态变化，用情态动词+实义动词的原型，情态动词+ have+过去分词形式 2、系动词(构成系表结构) Be动词 持续的系动词：keep，taste，…后面加形容词 He always kept silent at the meeting. The search proved difficult. 二、主语和宾语 (1)认识名词： ①名词是用来表示人，事物，地点，以及抽象事物名称的。比如： 人：John，sister，father 事物：water，air，sun，computer 地点：London，theater 抽象事物：love，happiness，imagination，hope ②名词的数：注意单复数 ③名词的格：‘s以及of 逻辑语义： Rachel：I’m Carol’s ex-husband's sister's roommate. Doctor：I’m your roommate's brother's ex-wife's obstetrician. (产科医生) ——老友记 of: 理清逻辑语义 表示所有关系： 翻译方法：“A of B”翻译成“B的A” The rapidity of the motion of the wing of the hummingbird is remarkable. The coming of age of post-war baby boom brought remarkable influence upon American society. 特殊： China is proud of its five thousand years of the history and culture. (2)语法功能：充当句子中主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、同位语等成分。
大学英语六级听力长对话考点分析与专项训练 大学英语六级听力考试的一项重要的改革就是在原来的基础上增加了长对话题目的测试。长对话题目的设置符合四、六级改革的目标方向，旨在考查考生在实际的日常环境中运用语言的能力。长对话共设两篇，每篇后设有3 — 4 个题目，共7 题，对话的长度约为7 —10 个循环，每篇对话的长度为200 —300 词。长对话的录音材料用标准的英式或美式英语朗读，语速约为每分钟150词，难度与短文听力相似。每个题目提问完毕之后到下一个题目开始之前，有13秒的时间间隔供考生迅速作出正确答案的选择。 长对话的考查范围非常广泛，常见的有：工作与日常生活，校园生活，社会问题讨论。题材也逐渐多样化，如科普知识类、新闻采访类以及文化教育类。 长对话是介于短对话与短文之间的一种考查类型，同时兼有短对话的口语性强和短文听力中信息量大、逻辑关系明显、句式复杂多变的特点。 长对话的设题方式主要有三大类：主旨题、推断题和细节题。其中，细节题的分数比重最大，一般可以占长对话总题目的80％。 一、主旨类 ●设题方式 这类题目是听力长对话测试中相对容易的题目，主要考查考生对长对话主题或谈话场景的把 握，问题常常要求考生判断对话谈论的话题、对话目的或对话中谈到的主要问题等，一般是对话的第一题或者最后一题。这类题目的选项特征比较明显，一般是简短的词组短语或者短句。另外，此类题目的提问方式也相对固定，常见的有：What are the two speakers talking about/discussing？ What is the conversation mainly about? What is the main topic of the conversation? What’s the purpose of sb.’s calling/doing...? ●解题策略 1）预先浏览选项，确定题目类型。由于这类题目的选项特征明显，常常为简短词汇或短语，因而提前浏览可以帮助考生在听音前作出正确预测，进行有针对性
1. Over the decade the pace of change in people’s life has increased beyond our wildest expectations. Among the breakthroughs driving changes is the wide use of smart devices, which makes online shopping or learning possible and more convenient. （凯文真棒！） 在过去十年间，人们生活改变的步伐之快超越了我们最狂野的想象。在推动这些改变的突破中包括智能设备的广泛使用，这使得网络学习和购物成为可能并变得更方便 b。 2. With the government’s will and public awareness, corresponding effective measures could really reduce the amount of rubbish we produce. Certainly nobody wants to see our resources used up and our planet poisoned by waste. 有了政府的决心和公众的意识，相应的有效的措施就真的能减少我们制造的垃圾。确实，没有人希望看到我们的资源被耗尽我们的地球被废弃物污染。 3. In my opinion, focusing on sports facilities is too narrow an approach and would not have the desired results. Youngsters should be encouraged not only to be more physically active but also to adopt a healthier lifestyle. 在我看来，仅仅关注运动设施是很有限的解决手段而且也不可能得到全部想要的结果。 年轻人不仅应该多锻炼而且应该采取更健康的生活方式。 4. However, these issues can be addressed strategically within the proper policy adopted. 但是,只要措施得当，这些问题还是会很好地解决的。 Long-term traffic and pollution reductions would depend on educating the public to use public transport more, and on governments using public money to construct and run efficient systems.（凯文最棒!） 要想长期解决污染问题就需要教育公众多使用公共交通，多用公共资金来建设并运营高效的系统。 5. We must avoid overindulgence and conspicuous consumption. We must instead continue to recognize the benefits of thrift in order to protect our newfound prosperity. 我们必须避免过分放纵和铺张浪费。相反，我们应该继续发扬节俭的优点以守护我们新获得的繁荣。
考研英语长难句课程讲义 课程简介： 1．内容：考研真题长难句 2．原因：长难句贯穿完形，阅读，翻译，对写作也有借鉴作用 3．目标：看得懂长难句（阅读）?会翻译长难句（翻译）?会写长难句（写作）4．课时安排：8月份5次课 I．理论＋区分主从句 II．翻译技巧与定语从句专题 III．名词性从句专题 IV. 长难句中的并列专题 V. 特殊的长难句（倒装句省略句等）和综合练习 学习方法： 1.长“难”句难在哪儿？生词＋复杂结构（主从／修饰关系） 2.如何看懂长难句？ 两步走：第一步（宏观）：分清主句从句 第二步（微观）：定位主句和从句内部的修饰成分（定／状语为主） 3.简单复习语法： 谓语与动词的区别：谓语是句子成分，动词是词性，谓语一定是动词。 定语与状语的区别：定语修饰主语和宾语（名／代），状语修饰动词，形容词和句子
什么是简单句？ 一切复杂句（并列句／复合句／复杂复合句）都是由五种简单句而来： i.主语＋谓语My skin burns. ii.主语＋谓语（系动词）＋表语I am a teacher.／You l ook good. iii.主语＋谓语＋直接宾语I l ove you. iv.主语＋谓语＋间接宾语+直接宾语The firm gave Sam a watch. v.主语＋谓语＋直接宾语＋宾语补足语You make me happy. 什么是并列句？ 一般由并列连词and, but, so, yet连接，或者由“；”连接。各个并列句同等重要且独立存在。举例：I know you, and/but/so/yet I hate you. 什么是主从复合句？ 形容词性从句（定语从句）： 从句作定语，修饰名词，代词或整个句子。先行词和关系代词（引导词）。定语从句常见引导词有which, that, who, whose, whom, when, where, as, whereby 例子：A d octor examined the astronauts who returned from space today. 名词性从句： 主要包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。名称由来根据该从句所做成分而定，从句做主语就叫主语从句，依此类推。名词性从句常见引导词：which, what, who, whom, that, when, where, how I．表语从句：I am what I am. II. 主语从句：Whether we find a joke funny or not largely d epends on where we have been brought up. III. 宾语从句：Anthropol ogists wond ered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peopl es now living in the Pacific Islands came from. IV. 同位语从句：Peopl e who work in offices are frequently referred to as “white-collar workers” for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work.