普通硅酸盐水泥机械立窑设计计划书
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普通硅酸盐水泥机械立窑设计计划书
一、 题目：普通硅酸盐水泥机械立窑设计
二、 窑型：机械立窑
三、 产品与产量
1、名称：普通硅酸盐水泥熟料
2、产量：Gsh=2400t/h
3、 煅烧方法：半黑生料法
四、课程设计用的原始资料
（1）干白生料化学成份见表1
表1 干白生料化学成份
成份 Ls SiO2S Al2O3S Fe2O3S CaOS MgOS 其 它
含量（%） 38.95 12.42 3.59 2.22 40.04 2.28 0.59
（2）熟料成份见表2
表2 熟料成份
成份 SiO2Sh Al2O3Sh Fe2O3Sh CaOSh MgOSh Lsh 其 它
含量（%） 20.35 6.22 3.81 66.35 1.98 0.66 0.63
（3）煤灰成份见表3
表3 煤灰成份
成份 SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO 其 它
含量（%） 48.12 43.55 3.24 2.97 1.23 0.89
（4）原煤成份见表4
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表4 原煤成份
元 素 分 析（%） 工 业 分 析（%）
Cy Hy Oy Ny Sy Ay Wy Vy FCy Ay Wy
72.96 3.54 3.55 0.83 0.31 16.37 2.44 7.74 73.45 16.37
2.44
原煤发热量：Qdwy=27790kJ/kg
（5）其它条件
1） 环境温度： 32ºC； 相对湿度：51%
2） 料球水分：Wlq=13.3%； 料球温度：tlq=35ºC
3） 熟料出窑温度：tysh=120ºC； 烟囱废气温度：tf=120ºC
4） 鼓入窑空气温度：tyk=46℃； 入窑过剩空气系数：αyk=1.05
5） 窑面过剩空气系数：αyf=1.0； 料封管漏风系数：αlk=0.05
6） 烟囱飞灰量：mfh=0.015kg/kg-ck ； 飞灰烧失量：Lfh=35%
7） 窑罩门漏入空气量：Vl=1.65Nm3/kg-ck
8） 窑体表面散热损失：占总热耗的8.5%
五、课程设计的要求
1、编写设计计算说明书一份，1.2万字左右（20～25页），内容包括：
1) 立窑结构参数的确定；
2) 燃料燃烧计算：①理论空气量Vao和实际空气量Va计算，②烟气生成量Vfl及其成分和密度ρ计算，③ 理论燃烧温度tflo和实际燃烧温度tfl计算；
3) 熟料形成热Qsh计算；
4) 物料平衡计算；
5) 热平衡计算；
6) 专题讨论：① 立窑配风，② 立窑耐火材料（选一）；
2、绘制立窑本体图一张（A1）；
3、用计算机书写文本，用AutoCAD绘图；
3 4、公式要有出处，符号要有说明。
目 录
前言 ············································································································ 1
摘要 ············································································································ 2
第1章 概 述 ······················································································· 4
1.1 立窑煅烧水泥熟料 ············································································ 4
1.2 立窑的结构 ······················································································ 5
第2章 立窑的结构设计计算 ····························································· 7
2.1 窑的内径和高度 ··············································································· 7
2.2 喇叭口尺寸计算 ··············································································· 7
2.3 机械立窑工艺参数确定 ····································································· 8
第3章 燃料燃烧计算 ········································································· 10
3.1 燃料燃烧计算内容及基本概念 ··························································· 10
3.2 空气用量和烟气生成量计算 ······························································ 10
3.3 燃烧温度计算 ··················································································· 14
第4章 水泥熟料形成热的计算 ························································· 18
4.1 物料消耗量的计算 ············································································ 19
4.2 吸收热量的计算 ··············································································· 21
4.3 放出热量的计算 ··············································································· 24
4.4 熟料形成热的计算 ··········································································· 26第5章 物料平衡 ················································································· 27
5.1 原始资料 ·························································································· 27
5.2 物料平衡计算 ··················································································· 28
第6章 热量平衡 ················································································· 35
6.1 收入热量 ·························································································· 35
6.2 支出热量 ·························································································· 37
6.3 熟料单位热耗及热效应 ···························································· 39
第7章 计算汇总 ················································································· 40
结束语 ········································································································ 49
参考文献 ···································································································· 44
附 录：普通硅酸盐水泥机械立窑设计图
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前 言
机械立窑是中小水泥行业的主要煅烧设备，与用回转窑厂相比具有投资小，见效快，就地取材 ，适应性强等显著特点，在发展中国家广为利用。
水泥（Cement）作为建筑材料的主要材料，使用广，用途大，水泥产业是我国的支柱产业，在国民经济中占了比较重要的作用。
大中型水泥厂的生产设备还是比较落后，小水泥厂的成本高，污染严重。因此，围绕世界水泥工业的中心课题，也即能源、资源和环境保护等，依靠技术进步来加速发展水泥工业，要在现有的技术基础上，因地制宜地采用先进技术，减少能耗，提高质量，降低成本，改善环境，增加产量，不断提高经济效益。要进一步优化工厂布局，加速发展采用预分解窑的骨干企业，合理配置以机械立窑为中心的小型生产线，大力推进水泥工业的现代化。要以节能、提高效益为目的，有选择地对老厂进行技术改造；利用资源优势，扩大品种生产，进一步提高社会效益；同时要更好地重视理论建设，加强基础研究和应用基础研究，有效开发人才。
在设计过程中，得到了肖奇老师的精心指导和同学们的真诚帮助，在此表示诚挚感谢！书中的错误在所难免，请大家批评指正。
编 者
2010年1月
