Eastern Mediterranean ppt

Byzantine Empire
Justinian
• Constant threat of invasion plagued earlier emperors. • Soon, eastern emperors beat off attacks by the Sassanian Empire in Persia and by the Germanic Invaders • In 533 CE, Justinian, urged by his wife Theodora made a push to reconquer Western territory.
The Muslim Threat
• While the Byzantines were able to withstand the Muslim threat, they did so taking on massive losses.
– Arabs built a naval fleet that challenged Byzantine naval supremacy in the Eastern Mediterranean – Arabs launched continual attacks on Constantinople.
The Hagia Sophia
Military Exploits
• Emperor Justinian wants to recapture Rome itself! • Justinian and Belisarius were unable to hold onto Italy or Northern Africa as a result of increasing pressure from Germans. • Westward expansion had weakened the empire at home.

Jesuits
• Spain and Portugal are very Catholic • They used their Jesuit priests to convert the natives • Their churches were called missions • They also served as mini-hospitals
• Modern colonialism started with the Age of Discovery. Portugal and Spain discovered new lands across the oceans and built trading posts. For some people, it is this building of colonies across oceans that differentiates colonialism from other types of expansionism. • This period is also associated with the Commercial Revolution. The late Middle Ages saw reforms in accountancy and banking in Italy and the eastern Mediterranean. These ideas were adopted and adapted in western Europe to the high risks and rewards associated with colonial ventures.
Portuguese Empire
• Its biggest colony was Brazil • Brazil had perfect spoil for agriculture, had wood (brazil wood), sugar, and gold. • Portuguese brought African slaves and used natives as labor • Justified conquest of Brazil with Christianization of the people

缅甸（缅甸）
Myanmar (formerly Burma), is a Southeast Asian nation of more than 100 ethnic groups, bordering India, Bangladesh, China, Laos and Thailand. Capital Currency Continent : Naypyidaw : Burmese kyat : Asia
不丹
Bhutan, a Buddhist kingdom on the Himalayas’ eastern edge, is a land of monasteries, fortresses (or dzongs) and dramatic topography ranging from subtropical plains to steep mountains and valleys. Capital Currencies Continent : Thimphu : Bhutanese ngultrum, Indian rupee : Asia
沙特阿拉伯
Saudi Arabia is a desert country encompassing most of the Arabian Peninsula, with Red Sea and Persian Gulf coastlines. Capital Currency Continent : Riyadh : Saudi riyal : Asia
柬埔寨
Cambodia is a Southeast Asian nation whose landscape spans low-lying plains, the Mekong Delta, mountains and Gulf of Thailand coastline. Capital Currency Continent : Phnom Penh : Cambodian riel : Asia

• Civil Service Examination System
400
• List four inventions created during China’s Golden Age.
• Moveable type printing, mechanical clock, gunpowder, paper money, magnetic compass, abacus, porcelain, small pox inoculation.
• To increase China’s presence in Asia and expand tribute system.
Final Jeopardy
• After the Ming dynasty destroyed the treasure fleet, what did they do with the wood?
• Autocracy
300
• Item used by Shang to predict the future. • Oracle bones
400
• People who herd domesticated animals. • Pastoralists
500
• Emperor who built the Forbidden City. • Yonglo (Yung Lu)
• Used it to reinforce/rebuild the Great Wall
100
• First foreign dynasty. • Yuan Dynasty
200
• The Qing dynasty was ruled by. • The Manchus (from Manchuria)