Guidelines for the Final Examination of Business English
指导方针的最终考试商务英语
2011 Fall Semester
2011秋季学期
（所有翻译均是按原文使用百度翻译的，基本都能知道大概意思）
1. Scope
1。范围
The content for the final examination will cover units 1-13 of the textbook, splitting
into seven parts: True/False questions, blanks’ filling, multiple choices,
Chinese/English translations, reading comprehension, and short-essay writing.
Students are required to go over the texts/questions of listening task, speaking task
(the first dialogue only), and reading task of each unit, as well as the notes or minutes
taken from the class. For the writing tasks, students need know to write business
letters and memos in formal format and etiquette as well as resume or curriculum
vitae (CV). With provided information, students should be ready to write a short
1 Lesson One
Skill Training
Business Card
一般公务名片包括：姓名、职务、单位名称、地址、电话等。
1. 姓名：
中国人的姓名的英译应遵循汉语拼音的原则。即姓在前，名在后，按音译。须注意的是无论姓还是名，如果它的第二个音节以元音或以辅音g, n 等开始，有可能与前面的音节发生连读时，可用连词符号―-‖或隔音符号― ’ ‖把它们分开。如：王锡安，可译为：Wang Xi-an, 或Wang Xi’an。姓名的前面可加头衔，如：Prof. ,Dr. 等，女性姓名前面视需要可加上 Miss, Ms., Mrs.等。
2. 职务：
职务的翻译主要靠借助词典，企业里的人员常常使用manager，事业单位负责人，当你没找到更适合的词的时候,可用director,如局长、部长、处长、院长、社长、所长、厂长、经理、董事、导演等。
参考：
Vice-President of Sales 销售副总裁
Senior Customer Manager 高级客户经理
Sales Manager 销售经理
Regional Sales Manager 地区销售经理
Merchandising Manager 采购经理
Sales Assistant 销售助理
Wholesale Buyer 批发采购员
Administration Staff 行政人员
Administrative Assistant 行政助理
Hardware / Software Engineer （计算机）硬件/软件工程师
3. 组织机构名称：
组织机构名称的翻译应遵循两个原则：名从主人的原则和约定俗成的原则。名从主人指如果某单位已有自己的英文名称，我们不能擅自更改,只能尊重它原有名称。约定俗成指的是要符合英语国家的称谓习惯，不能按中文的意义生搬硬套。
幻灯片2
第一章
商务英语翻译基础知识
第一节
翻译的概念,分类,过程及方法
幻灯片4
一. The Definition of Translation
１.关于翻译的几种定义
Translation is a process through which information expressed in the source( or:
original) language is conveyed in the target language (a process through which
information is conveyed from the source language to the target language).
It is a communication crossing different languages, different cultures and
different societies.
①翻译是一门艺术.(Translation is a fine art.)----林语堂《翻译论》
②翻译是一门科学．----董秋斯
③Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest
natural equivalent of the source language, first in terms of meaning and secondly
in terms of style.----尤金．奈达
幻灯片5
解码和编码
语言意义
指称意义
情感意义
等级结构调整 成分分析
语义结构分析
生成
转换
幻灯片6
对应式转换、平行式转换、替代式转换、冲突式转换
You should not show your hand to a stranger.
3 online book stores battle on low-prices, regular shops suffer
3网上书店的战斗些便宜,定期商店受到影响
Three leading online retailers in China - , and - are locked in a
battle on low price books, leading to a decline in book sales in regular shops, according to media reports.
据媒体报导，中国三大网上零售商 当当网,360 和在一次竞争中锁定低价格的书,导致了正规商店的书销量下降了。
China's biggest online B2C (Business-to-Customer) consumer products retailer launched a
marketing campaign claiming to be "20 percent lower than other online book retailers" Tuesday, taking
its profit margin to zero or minus. Liu Qiangdong, CEO of , said in his microblog that the
company will continue the price battle even if books are given away for free, according to a National
Business Daily report. 礼拜二，中国最大的在线B2C(Business-to-Customer)消费产品零售商360 发起了一个营销活动自称是“20%低于其它网上图书零售商“,以其利润率为零或减。刘Qiangdong,360
