人教版初二英语下册知识点
Unit 1 Will people have robots?
1.fewer people 更少的人（fewer修饰名词复数，表示否定）
2.less free time 更少的空闲时间（less修饰不可数名词，表示否定）
3.in ten years 10年后（in的时间短语用于将来时，提问用How soon）
4.fall in love with…爱上…
例：When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell in love with him at once
当我第一次见到许老师，我立刻爱上他
5.live alone 单独居住
6.feel lonely 感到孤独（比较：live alone/go along等）
The girl walked alone along the street, but she didn‘t feel lonely那女孩独自沿着街道走，但她并不感到孤独
7.keep/feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪
8.fly to the moon 飞上月球
9.hundreds of +复数数百/几百（概数，类似还有thousands of; millions of）
10.the same as 和……相同
11.A be different from B A与B不同(=There is a difference/Thgere are differences between A and B)
12.wake up 醒来（wake sb. up表示―唤醒某人‖
13.get bored 变得厌倦（get/become是连系动词，后跟形容词如tired/angry/excited
等）
14.go skating 去滑冰（类似还有go hiking/fishing /skating/bike riding等）
15.lots of/a lot of 许多（修饰可数名词、不可数名词都可以）
16.at the weekends 在周末
17.study at home on computers 在家通过电脑学习
18.agree with sb. 同意某人(的意见)
19.I don‘t agree. = I disagree.我不同意
20.on a piece of paper 在一张纸上（注意paper/information/news/work/homework/housework等常考
到的不可数名词）
21.on vacation 度假
22.help sb with sth/help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事
23.many different kinds of goldfish 许多不同种金鱼
24.live in an apartment 住在公寓里/live on the twelfth floor 住在12楼
25.live at NO.332,Shanghai Street 住在上海路332号
26.as a reporter 作为一名记者
27.look smart 显得精神/看起来聪明
28.Are you kidding? 你在骗我吗
29.in the future 在将来/在未来
30.no more=not …anymore不再（强调多次发生的动作不再发生）
31.no longer=not… any longer不再（强调状态不再发生）
32.besides（除…之外还，包括）与except =but（除…之外，不包括）
33.be able to与can 能、会
（be able to用于各种时态，而can只能用于一般现在时态和一般过去时态中；have to用于各种时态，而must只能用于一般现在时态）例如： 1.I have been able to/will be able to speak two languages. （不可以用can）
2. had to stay at home/ will have to （不可以用must）
34.be big and crowded 大而且拥挤
34.be in college 在上大学
35.live on a space station 住在空间站
36.dress casually 穿得很随意casual clothing 休闲服饰
37.win the next World Cup 赢得世界杯win award 获僵
https://www.doczj.com/doc/e210020779.html,e true 变成现实
39.take hundreds of years 花几百年的时间
40.be fun to watch 看起来有趣
41.over and over again 一次又一次
42.be in different shapes 形状不同
43.twenty years from now 今后20年
44.本单元目标句型：
1.What do you think life will be like in 1000 years?
2.There will be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollution in the future.
fewer；less表示否定之意，分别修饰可数名词和不可数名词；more二者都可以修饰。
3.Will kids go to school? No, they won‘t/Yes, they will。
4.Predicting the future can be difficult.
5.I need to look smart for my job interview.
6.I will be able to dress more casually.
7.I think I‘ll go to Hong Kong on vacation, and one day I might even visit Australia.
8.What will teenagers do for fun twenty years from now?
9.That may not seem possible now, but computers, space rockets and even electric toothbrushes seemed
impossible a hundred years ago.
本单元语法讲解一般将来时
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。本时态标志词：
1.含tomorrow; next短语；
2.in+段时间；
3.how soon；
4.by+将来时间；
5.by the time sb.do…
6.祈使句句型中：or/and sb. will do
7.在时间/条件状语从句中, 如果从句用一般现在时, 主句用将来时8.another day
比较be going to 与will:
be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时间则较远一些。
如：He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.
2. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。
He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old.
3. be going to 含有―计划，准备‖的意思，而will 则没有这个意思，如：
She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour.
4.在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用be going to, 而多用will, 如：
If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you.
掌握了它们的这些不同，你就能很好的区分be going to与will了。
一般将来时常见的标志词
1.含tomorrow; next短语；
2.in+段时间；
3.how soon；
4. by+将来时间；
5.祈使句句型中：or/and sb. will do
例Be quick, or you will be late=If you don‘t be quick, you will be late
6.在时间/条件状语从句中, 如果从句用一般现在时, 主句用将来时（另见Unit 5）
Unit 2 What should I do?
1.too loud 太大声
2.out of style 过时的
3.in style 流行的
4.call sb up=ring sb.up=call/ring/phone sb. 给…..打电话
5.enough money 足够的钱(enough修饰名词时不必后置)
6.busy enough 够忙(enough修饰形容词或副词时必须后置)
7. a ticket to/for a ball game 一张球赛的门票
注意：the key to the lock/the key(answer)r to the question)/the solution to the problem .此处几个短语不能用of表示所有格
8.talk about 谈论
9.on the phone 用电话
10.pay for 付款
11.spend…on +sth.=spend...( in) doing sth. 在…花钱
12.It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花…的时间
13.borrow …from从….借( 借进来)
14.lend…to 把…借给（借出去）
15.You can keep the book for a week 你可以借这本书一周。（不用borrow或lend）
16.buy sth for sb 为……买东西
17.tell sb to do /not to do sth.sth 告诉某人做某事
18.want sb. to do sth.=would like sb. to do 想某人做某事
19.find out 发现；查清楚；弄明白
20.play one‘s stereo放录象
21.fail the test=not pass the test 考试不及格
22.fail in (doing) sth…在...上失败,变弱
23.succeed in (doing) sth 在...方面成功
24.write sb a letter/write to sb.给某人写信
25.surprise sb.使某人吃惊（类似有：surprise/interest/please/amaze+某人）
26.to one‘s surprise 使某人吃惊的是…..
27.to one‘s joy使某人高兴的是…..
28.look for a part-time job 找一份兼职的工作（不一定有结果）
29.get/find a part-time job 找到一份兼职的工作（有结果）
30.ask sb. for…寻求/向某人要某物
31.have a bake sale 卖烧烤
32.argue with sb = have an argument with sb. 与某人争吵
33.have a fight with sb.=fight with 与某人打架
34.drop off离去；散去；逐渐减少;死去
35.prepare for…=get ready for… 为…做准备
36.after-school clubs(activities) 课外俱乐部（活动）
●be/get used to doing 习惯做某事
●used to do 过去经常/常常做某事
●be used for doing=be used to do sth. 被用于做某事
37.fill… up填补；装满…be full of装满
38.return sth. to sb.=give sth. back to sb. 把某物归还给某人
39.get on /along well with 与…相处很好
40.all kinds of 各种各样
41.as much as possible=as much as you can 尽可能多
42.take part in=join in 参加（某种活动/集会）
43.a bit =a little 一点儿（当修饰形容词或比较级时）
44.a bit of =a little 一点儿/一些（当修饰不可数名词时）
45.be angry with… 生…的气
46.by oneself=on one‘s own某人自己/独自地
47.on the one hand 一方面
48.on the other hand 另一方面
49.I find/feel/think it difficult to do... 我发现/感到/认为做某事很难.
50.see/hear/watch sb. doing sth. 看到/听见/注视某人正在做…
51.not…until 直到…才（谓语动词一般是非延续动词）
52.表示某人情绪有关的形容词用法:
be/become+ upset/tired/excited/interested/worried/surprised/amazed/annoyed
说明：当主语是某人时，注意后面的形容词一般是-ed结尾的单词，而当主语是某物时或修饰名词时，注意后面形容词一般是-ing结尾单词.）
例如:I was surprised/interested/amazed when I heard the surprising/interesting/amazing news.
53 radio advice program 电台提建议的节目
54 be original 新颖的
55. leave something somewhere 把某物忘在某处
56 sports clothes 运动服
57. the same age as=as old as 和--- 年龄一样
58. the tired children 疲惫不堪的孩子
59. complain about (doing sth) 抱怨、、、
60.take their children from activity to activity 带着孩子参加一个接一个的活动
61.try to do sth, 尽量干某事try doing sth 试着干某事
62.be under too much pressure 压力太大
63.a mother of three 三个孩子的妈妈
64.take part in after-school clubs 参加课后俱乐部
https://www.doczj.com/doc/e210020779.html,pepition starts from a very young age 竞争从很小年纪就开始了
https://www.doczj.com/doc/e210020779.html,pare…with 和---比较
https://www.doczj.com/doc/e210020779.html,anized activities 有组织的活动
本单元目标句型：
1.What‘s wrong(with you)?/What‘s the matter?
2.What should I do? 我该怎么办
3.You could write him a letter. 你可以给他写封信.You should say sorry to him.你应该给他道歉.
4.They shouldn‘t argue.他们不应该争吵.
5.Why don‘t you talk to him about it?
=Why not talk to him about it?=You should/could talk to him about it.
=What/How about talking to him about it.=You‘d better talk to him about it.
6.The parents try to fit as much as possible into their kids lives.
7.Activities include sports, language learning, music and math classes.
Thirty people, including six children (six children included), went to visit the factory.
8.People shouldn‘t push their children so hard.
9.Parents are trying to plan their kids‘ lives for them. When these kids are adults, they might find t
difficult to plan things for themselves.
Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?
1.in front of 在……的前面（外部）in the front of 在……的前面（内部）
2.in the library 在图书馆
3.get out of/get into 出……之外/进入
4.sleep late 睡懒觉sleep well 睡得好get to sleep=fall asleep 睡着
5.walk down/along 沿……走
6.take off (飞机)起飞；脱下（衣帽）
7.on Sunday evening 在星期日晚上
注意:（特指某日如星期、假日、某月某日或某个特定的上、下午、晚上用on）
8.in the tree在树上on the tree在树上
9.take photos 照相
10.at the train station 在火车站
11.run away 跑开，逃跑
12.as+adj原形as 和…一样…
例如：She is (not) as beautiful as her sister. I can run as fast as he(him)
13.buy/draw/make sth. for sb. 为某人买/画/制作
14.walk home 走回家
15.in history 在历史上
16.for example 例如
17.in the city of 在……市
18.on the playground 在操场上
19.ten minutes ago 十分钟前
20.take place 发生（强调必然性）
21.happen to sth./sb. 发生（强调偶然性）
例如：What has happened to you?=What‘s the matter with you?=What‘s wrong with you?
22.of course=sure=certainly 当然
23.all over the world=around the world 遍及全世界
24.outside/inside the station 在车站外/内
25.next to 相邻，紧贴
26.close to 接近于；在附近
27.be ill in hospital/bed 生病住院/在床
28.hear about/of 听说（间接听到）
29.in silence 沉默不语keep silent 保持沉默
30.an unusual experience 一次不寻常的经历
31.have fun doing sth 干某事有乐趣have difficult time doing sth干某事有困难
32.have meaning to 对—有意义
33.become the first Chinese astronaut in space 成为中国第一个太空宇航员
34.a national hero 一个民族英雄35. be famous all over the world 全世界出名
36. for the first time 第一次
本单元目标句型:
What were you doing when I arrived/at that time/at 8:00 last night/from 9:00 to 10:00 yesterday?
1.I was doing sth. When+一般过去时的时间状语从句...
2.How about... / What about...?
3.While sth./sb. was doing sth., I was doing sth....
4.当不明飞行物着陆时，你正在干啥？What were you doing when the UFO landed?
5.当妈妈正在做饭时，我在看电视。While my mother was cooking ,I was watching TV.
6.I was walking down the street when a UFO landed right in front of me.
7.You can image how strange it was.
8.I followed to see where it was going.
9.Isn‘t that amazing!
10.She didn‘t thinking about looking outside the station.
11.I was so tired this morning. It was difficult to get out of the bed.
12.Liu Xiang won the gold medal at the 2004 Olympics.
13.Beijng was made host to the 2008 Olympics.
14.People often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important events in history.
15. This was one of the most important events in modern American history.
16.Even the most everyday activities can seem important.
17.Our teacher asked us to stop what we were doing and listen.
18.However, in more recent times, most Americans remember what they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was destroyed by terrorists.
19.Not all events in history are as terrible as this, of course.
20. His flight around the Earth lasted about 22 hours.
本单元语法讲解
过去进行时（Past Progressive Tense）
句型S + was/were +V-ing…
例A：She was doing her homework at 8:30 yesterday evening.
（昨天傍晚八点半她正在做家庭作业。）
例B：We were having supper at that time.
（那个时候我们正在吃晚饭。）
解说如例1所示，在单句中使用过去进行时来表达时必须把该动作正在进行中的时间表明清楚，否则就不合逻辑了。例如：I was taking a bath yesterday. （错）
（昨天我正在洗澡——昨天24小时都正在洗澡吗？）
所以本句应该如例1来表达，或者用一般过去时表达如下：
I took a bath yesterday.（昨天我洗了澡。）
如果由上下文的文意，或者对谈中的话意可以了解“动作正在进行中的时间”，单句里就使用过去进行时来表达是很普通的，例如：
A：I called you up yesterday evening.
B：Did you? At what time?
A：At around ten o'clock. （大约在十点钟。）
B：Oh, I was taking a bath then.（哦，当时我正在洗澡。）
过去进行时在表达上常用的句式是如例2所示和另一个一般过去时的动作相搭配。请观察下面的图解说明：
过去有二动作A和B（如图示），在B动作发生时稍早发生的A动作正好在进行中，所以这种表达法通常都是复句（主句+副词从句）。例如：
When I got up this morning, Mother was preparing breakfast in the kitchen.
（今天早上我起床时妈妈正在厨房里准备早餐。—“Mother…。”是主句，“when…，”是副词从句。）常用于修饰过去进行时的时间副词：过去的某一定点时刻（at + 过去的时刻），then （= at that time）（那时，当时），all + 时间，“When…/While…/As…”等副词从句，etc.
Unit 4 He said I was hard-working
1.every Saturday 每周六
2.first of all 首先
3.both……and……两者都（谓语动词要注意对称原则）
4.neither….nor 两者都不（谓语动词要注意就近和对称原则）
5.most of…绝大多数
6.an exciting week 令人兴奋的一周
7.agree on something 同意某人的计划；对….取得一致意见
8.agree to do sth. 答应/同意做…
9.pass on (to)传递
10.be supposed to do sth.被期望或被要求做... ...
11.be mad at ……对……疯狂/生气
12.do better in=be better at 在......方面做得更好
13.be in good health 身体健康
14.report card 成绩单
15.sound /feel /smell /taste /look 是连系动词，一般只能跟adj.做表语
16.sound like/feel like/smell like/taste like/look like
听起来像…/感觉像…/闻起来像…/尝起来像…/看起来像…+sb./sth.
17.get… over克服；恢复；原谅
18.open up 打开/展开/开发/揭露
19.care for照料；照顾；意愿；计较
20.have a(surprise) party for sb.为某人举行一次（惊喜0聚会
21.end-of-year exam=final exam 期末考试
22.not----anymore 不再
23.do a home project 做作业
24.be surprised\happy\excited to do sth 做某事感到惊讶、高兴、激动
25.be \get nervous 感到紧张
26.have a very hard time with.. 在---日子不好过
27.an disappointing result 令人失望的结果
28.take\ leave a message 捎（留）个口信
29.have a big fight
30.it is a good idea for sb. to do sth
31.to teach in China‘s rural areas
32.feel lucky
33.people who need help 需要帮助的人
34.something we can do for them 我们能为他们做的事
35.there is no difference between…and.. 在。。和。。之间没有区别
38.fortunately
本单元目标句型：
转述他人话语:What did sb. say? He said I …She said she…They said…
1.许老师告诉我徐梦蝶会说二种语言。Mr. Xu told me that XuMengdie could speak three languages.
2.许老师说地球绕着太阳转。Mr. Xu said (that)the earth turns around the sun.
3.许老师告诉我他将去北京。She told me he would go to Beijing the next day.
4.许老师说欧洋正在做作业Mr. Xu said OuYang was doing his homework at that time.
5.许老师说王硕研勤奋。Mr. Xu said Wang Shuoyan was hard-working.
6.在英语上，与听相比，我更擅长于读。In English, I‘m better at reading than listening.
7.情况怎样？How‘s it going?
8.她不想再当我最好的朋友了。She didn‘t want to be my best friend anymore.
9.I said it would start a bad habit , and that she would do her own work.
10.That‘s about all the news I have now. Mum and Dad send their love.
11.She said helping others changed her life.
12.Teaching high school students in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province may not like fun to you.
13.The Peking University graduate first went there as an volunteer on a one-year program.
14.Life in the mountains was a new experience for Lang Lei. Her village was 2,000metere above the sea
level, and at first the thin air made her feel sick.
15.Young people today need to experience different things
16.Some of the students may not be able to go to senior high school or collage.
17.I can open up my students‘ eyes to the outside world and give them a good start in life.
18.She said she likes being a good influence in the children‘s lives.
19.She now works as a math teacher at a high school in the city of Pingliang, Gansu Province.
20.You are at B‘s house working on a homework project.
21.You were supposed to meet at the bus stop this morning to return it, but A didn‘t come to the b us stop.
22.A calls you with a message for C. Pass on the message, and then give C‘s answer to A.
23.What are some things that happen on soap operas?
本单元语法讲解
直接引语和间接引语
（一）直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。
1. 时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词said，asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变
一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时等。例如：
Tom said to me,―My brother is doing his homework.‖
→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.
2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化；根据意义进行相应的变化。如：
She asked Jack,―Where have you been?‖ →She asked Jack where he had been.
He said,―These books are mine.‖ →He said that those books were his.
（二）直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。
1.陈述句的间接引语：陈述句由直接引语变间接引语，由that引导，可以省略。
―I want the blue one.‖ he told us. ―我想要兰色的。‖ 他说。
→He told us that he wanted the blue one.他说他想要兰色的。
She said to me, ―You can‘t do anything now.‖ 她对我说：―此刻你无法做任何事情。‖
→She told me that I couldn‘t do anything then.她对我说那时我无法做任何事。
2. 疑问句的间接引语
直接引语如果是疑问句，变成间接引语后，叫做间接疑问句。间接疑问句为陈述语序，句末用句号，动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同。引述动词常用ask, wonder, want to know等间接疑问句一般有三种：
(1)．一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，由whether或if 引导。如：
―Has he ever worked in Shanghai?‖Jim asked. ―他在上海工作过吗？‖吉姆问。
→Jim asked w hether/if he had ever worked in Shanghai.吉姆问他是否在上海工作过。
―Can you tell me the way to the hospital?‖ The old man asked.
那个老人问：―你能告诉我去医院的路吗？
→The old man asked whether I could tell him the way to the hospital.
那老人问我是否能告诉他去医院路。
(2). 特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，仍由原来的疑问词引导。如：
―Which room do you live in?‖ He asked. ―你住哪个房间？‖他问我。
→He asked me which room I lived in. 他问我住哪个房间。
―What do you think of the film?‖ She asked. 她问―你怎么看这部电影？‖
→She asked her friend what she thought of the film. 她问她朋友怎么看这部电影。
(3). 选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，由whether/if …or引导。如：
―Is it your bike or Tom‘s? Mum asked.妈妈问：―这是你的自行车还是汤姆的？‖
→Mum asked whether/if it was my bike or Tom‘s.妈妈问这是我的自行车还是汤姆的。
―Does your sister like blue dresses or green ones?‖ Kate asked.
―你妹妹喜欢兰色的裙子还是绿色的？‖凯特问。
→Kate asked whether/if my sister liked blue dresses or green ones.
凯特问我妹妹喜欢兰色裙子还是绿色的。
3. 祈使句的间接引语当祈使句变为间接引语时，间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell，ask，order，beg，request，order等，而把直接祈使句变成带to的不定式短语。如：
Jack said, ―Please come to my house tomorrow, Mary.‖杰克说：―玛丽，明天请到我家来。‖→Jack asked Mary to go to his house the next day.杰克请玛丽第二天到他家去。
The teacher said to the students, ‖Stop talking.‖老师对学生们说：―不要讲话了。‖→The teacher told the students to stop talking.老师让学生们不要说话了。
―Don‘t touch anything.‖ He said.―不要碰任何东西。‖他说。
→He told us not to touch anything.他对我们说不要碰任何东西。
4. 动词时态和代词等的变动
(1). 某些代词，限定词，表示时间或地点的副词和个别动词在间接引语中的变化规则：
直接引语间接引语
today that day
now then, at that moment
yesterday the day before
the day before yesterday two days before
tomorrow the next day / the following day
the day after tomorrow two days after, / in two days
next week/ month etc the next week/month etc
last week/ month etc the week / month etc. before
here there
this that
these those
come go
bring take
(2). 如果引述动词为现在时形式，则间接引语中的动词时态，代词，限定词和表示时间或地点的副词不用变化。而如果引述动词是过去时，以上内容就要有相应变化。变化情况如下：现在时间推移到过去的时间(注意:如果直接引语是表示客观规律的,那么时态仍然用一般现在时
一般现在时→一般过去时；
现在进行时→过去进行时；
一般将来时→过去将来时；
现在完成时→过去完成时；
Unit 5 If you go to the party，you‘ll have a great time!
1.at the party 在晚会上
2.ask sb. to do sth. 请某人做某事
3.stay at home 呆在家
4.half the class/students 一半学生
5.get injured 受伤
6.have a great time =have a wonderful\good time玩得高兴
7.take …away运走，取走put away 收起来，放好
8.all the time=always一直，始终
9.make a living (by doing sth)谋生
10.in order to do sth…为了做某事
11.have a party 举行聚会
12.go to college上大学
13.be famous for…因……而著称 be famous as…作为…而出名
14.make money =earn money挣钱
15.in fact事实上
https://www.doczj.com/doc/e210020779.html,ugh at…嘲笑
17.too much太多(修饰不可数名词)too many太多(修饰可数名词复数)much too+形容词/副词太…
18.get exercise 锻炼注意（exercise当“锻炼”是不可数名词；而当“操”“练习”是可数名词）
19.travel around the world 周游世界
20.work hard 努力工作
21.wear jeans 穿牛仔裤
22.let ... in允许……进入，嵌入 keep…out 不允许。。进入
23.get an education获得教育
24.take… away拿开，拿走
25.study for the test 准备考试
26.make some food 准备食物make dumplings 做水饺make the bed 整理床铺
27.half the class 一半的学生
28.the rules for school parties 学校派对的规则
29.children‘s hospital 儿童医院
30.join the Lions 加入狮队
31.give money to schools and charities 给学校和慈善组织捐钱
32.become a professional soccer player 成为一个职业的足球运动员
https://www.doczj.com/doc/e210020779.html,anize the games for the class party 为班级派对准备游戏
34.play sports for a living 靠体育运动为生
本单元目标句型：
1. If you do, you‘ll…
2. I‘m going to …
3. You should…
4. Don‘t you want to …?
5. Don‘t you think ….?
①如果李老师去参加晚会，我们将会玩得非常高兴。If Ms Li goes to the party, we‘ll have a great time.
②如果你穿牛仔裤去晚会，李老师将不会让你进入。If you wear jeans to the party, Ms Li won‘t let you in.
6.For many young people, becoming a professional athlete might seem like a dream job.
7.If you become a professional athlete, you will be able to make a living doing something you love.
8.However, professional athletes can also have many problems.
9.If you are famous, people will watch you all the time and follow you everywhere. This can make life difficult.
10.If you become rich, you will have a difficult time knowing who your real friends are.
11.In fact, many famous people complain that they are not happy.
本单元语法讲解
if 引导的条件状语从句。If是连词，所连接的句子叫条件状语从句，表示假设或条件，意思是― 如果…的话‖，用法如下：
1、表示假设，表示将会发生和可能发生的事，或进行提醒警告。句子结构如下：If +句子（一般现在时），+主句（主语will/may/can) +动词）
a. If you finish your homework , you can go out and play.
b. If I have enough money next year , I will go to travel .
2. 表示真实条件、客观真理、自然现象、定理定义. 民间谚语等，句型是：
If + 句子（一般现在时），+ 主句（一般现在时）.
例：If you study hard ,you are sure to succeed .
If you put ice in a warm place ,it turns into water .
If a glass falls on the floor, it usually breaks
If you cook a banana, it becomes very soft .
If a plant don‘t get enough light ,it grows very tall and thin.
Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?
1.raise money for 筹钱
2.collect stamps 集邮
3.run out of…用尽
4.by the way 顺便说一下
5.on the way to.. 在…的路上
6.be interested in 对…感兴趣
7.more than=over 超过
8.fly kites 放风筝
9.start class 开始上课
10.start a snow globe collector‘s club 开办雪球仪收集者俱乐部
11.the most common(unusual, interesting) hobby 最普通的爱好
12.listen to music videos 听音乐碟片
https://www.doczj.com/doc/e210020779.html,anize a talent show to raise money for charity 为慈善机构捐钱而举办的才艺展示
14.extra English lessons 额外的英语课
15.have problems with the language 语言方面有问题
16.the capital of Heilongjiang Province 黑龙江的省会
17.an interesting city with a colorful history 一个有着丰富多彩历史文化的有趣的城市
18.three and a half years =three years and a half 三年半
19.a pair of skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans 一双滑冰鞋/一双鞋/一副眼镜/一条裤子/牛仔裤
●How much is a pair of skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans?
= How much does a(this) pair of skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans cost?
●How much are the skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans?
= How much do the skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans cost?
本单元目标句型：
1.How long have you been skating? 你滑冰有多长时间了？
2.I‘ve been skating since nine o‘clock./since I was four years old.
我从九点一直滑到现在/我从四岁一直滑到现在。
3.I‘ve been sk ating for five hours. 我一直滑了五小时。
4.The more I learn about Chinese history, the more I enjoy living in China.
我对中国的历史了解得越多，我就越喜欢住在中国。
5.Was this your first skating marathon? No, I skated in a marathon last year.
6.When did you get your first pair of skates?
7.Alison was the first one to start and has been skating for the whole five hours.
Alison是第一个开始并且已经滑了整整5个小时。
8.I‘m talking to you from the Hilltop School Skating Marathon.
9.For every hour they skate, each student raises ten yuan for charity.
每滑一个小时，每位学生可为慈善事业筹集10元钱。
10.Thanks for sending me the snow globe of the monster. In fact I think it‘s probably my favorite.
谢谢你送我的怪物雪球仪。事实上，我想它可能是我的最爱。
11.My mom says I have to stop, because we‘ve run out of room to store them.
妈妈说我必须停止了，因为我们已经没有地方来存放他们了。
12.The first one I ever got was a birthday cake snow globe on my twelfth birthday.
我得到的第一个雪球仪是我十二岁生日得到的生日蛋糕雪球仪。
13.I particularly love globes with animals. If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me.
我特别喜欢动物雪球仪。如果你知道其他人收集他们的话，请告诉我们。
14.By the way, what‘s your hobby?
15.I‘m i nterested in the job as a writer.
16.The school newspaper needs a writer. We will give you different topics to choose from. To get the job,
please answer these four questions.
校报需要一个撰稿人。我们会给你一些不同的话题来选择。要得到这份工作，请回答这样四个问题。
17.How many Chinese dynasties can you think of? 你能想起多少中国朝代？
18.Can you think of famous characters from the history of other countries? Make a list.
从其他国家历史中，你能记起一些著名人物吗？列个表。
19.In fact, the first Jews probably came to Kaifeng more than a thousand years ago and were welcomed by
the Song Emperor.
事实上，第一批犹太人可能在一千多年前就来到开封而且受到宋朝皇帝的欢迎。
20.There is some European influence in the city, and some of the old buildings in Harbin are in Russian
style.这个城市有欧洲文化的影响，而且哈尔滨的一些老建筑还是俄罗斯风格的。
21.For a foreigner like me, the more I learn about Chinese culture, the more I enjoy living in China.
对于一个像我一样的外国人来说，我对中国文化了解越多，我就越喜欢住在中国。
22.And although I live quite far from Beijing, I‘m certain I will be here for the Olympic Games in 2008.
尽管我住得离北京很远，但我相信2008年奥运会我一定在这儿。
本单元语法讲解
现在完成进行时：表示从过去某时开始到现在这一段时间里一直在延续的动作。
现在完成进行式结构：have / has +been+ doing/
1．I have been writing the letter since then.从那时起我一直在写这封信。（动作从过去一直持续到现在还在继续）
2．I have been collecting stamps for ten years.自从10年前我就收集邮票了（动作从过去一直现在还在收集）。
3．How long have you been living here?你在这儿已经住了多长时间了。（―居住‖动作从过去一直现在还在继续）
现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别：
1现在完成进行时比现在完成时更强调动作的延续性：
2如果没有时间强调，现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行，现在完成时则表示动作已经结束，
3现在完成进行时一般不适用于表状态的动词，而现在完成时则可：
，Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music?
1.turn… down/turn… up关小声/调大声音（电器）
2.turn… on/ turn …off 打开/关闭（电器）
3.move the bike 移动自行车
4.in a minute/right away/in no time 立刻,马上
5.be late for school/class=arrive late for school 上学/上课迟到
6.wait in line=stand in line 排队等候
7.cut in line=jump a queue 插队
8.get mad/annoyed 变得生气
9.happen to sb 发生在…身上
10.half an hour 半小时
11.at first 首先
12.at last=in the end=finally 最后
13.allow sb. to do /not to do sth. 允许某人做/不做某事
14.be allowed to do /not to do sth. 某人不被允许某人做/不做某事
15.in public 当众地；公开地；公然地
16.in public places 在公共场所
17.break the rule 不遵守规则
18.pick… up捡起
19.put …out熄灭
20.drop litter 扔垃圾
21.keep the voice down 控制声音
22.do the dishes
23.put on another pair of jeans
24.be at a meeting
25.help me in the kitchen
26.make some posters
27.clothing store
28.follow…around
29.want to be polite
30.stand in the subway door
31.cut in line
32.stand close to ..
33.have different ideas about
34.feel uncomfortable
35.in all situations
36.in public places
本单元目标句型：
1.Would you mind cleaning the yard? 你介意打扫院子吗?
2.Not at all. I‘ll do it right aw ay. 一点也不. 我马上就扫.
3.Would you mind not playing baseball here. 你介意不要在这打棒球吗?
4.Would you mind giving me a smaller one?
5.Sorry, we‘ll go and play in the park.对不起，我们到公园去打.
6.Could you (please) make dinner? 请做晚饭好吗?
7.That‘s no problem. 没问题.
8.Could you (please) not feed the dog?=Would you mind not feeding the dog?= Would you (please) not
feed the dog?=Please don‘t feed the dog, will you?请不要喂狗好吗?
9.If you finish these tasks, we can go to a movie tonight.
10.Your barber gave you a terrible haircut.
11.The store clerk gave you the wrong size.
12.The waitress brought you the wrong food.
13.The pen you bought didn‘t work.
14.You ordered a hamburger with French fries but only got a hamburger.
15.We asked some people what annoyed them. Here‘s what they said.
16.I don‘t like waiting in line when a shop assistant has a long telephone conversation.
17.This happens to me all the time in the school library.
18.Perhaps in the future I should try not to be so polite.
19.The way people behave is different in different cultures and situations.
20.Sometimes, rules of etiquette are the same almost everywhere.
21.We might want to ask someone to behave more politely if we see them breaking a rule of etiquette.
22.Etiquette means normal and polite social behavior.
23.This may seem like a difficult word at first, but it can be very useful to understand.
24.In fact, we should also take care not to cough or sneeze loudly in public if possible.
25.People don‘t usually like to be criticized, so we have to be careful how we do this.
26.看到有人抽烟你可以说：Could you please put out that cigarette?
27.看到有人乱丢垃圾你可以说：Would you mind picking it up?
28.看到有人插对你可以说：Sorry, would you mind joining the line?
常见动名词、分词的习惯用法总结
使用-ing分词的几种情况
1.在进行时态中。如：1.He is watching TV in the room.
2.They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.
2.在there be结构中。如：There is a boy swimming in the river.
3.在have fun/problems结构中。如：We have fun learning English this term.
They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.
4.在介词后面。如：Thanks for helping me. Are you good at playing basketball？
What /How about doing sth? 做某事怎么样? I am interested in playing football.
5.在以下结构中
1.enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事；
2.finish doing sth；完成做某事；
3.feel like doing sth 想要做某事；
4.stop doing sth 停止做某事（原来的事）
5.forget doing sth 忘记做过某事；
6.go on doing sth 继续做某事（原来的事）；
7.remember doing sth 记得做过某事；
8.like doing sth 喜欢做某事；
9.find /see/hear/watch sb doing发现/看到/听到/观看
某人做
10.try doing sth 试图做某事；
11.need doing sth 需要做某事；
12.prefer doing sth 宁愿做某事；
13.mind doing sth 介意做某事；
14.miss doing sth 错过做某事；
15.practice doing sth 练习做某事；
16.be busy doing sth 忙于做某事；
17.can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事；
18.waste time/money doing 浪费时间/金钱做…;
19.keep sb.doing 让…始终/一直做…
20.stop sb.(from)doing 阻止某人做某事
21.prefer doing B to doing B=like A better than A喜欢做A更喜欢做B
22.―do some +doing‖短语
如：do some shopping/do some washing/do some reading/do some practicing/do some cleaning/do some speaking
23．―go doing‖短语去做某事（主要指文娱活动等）
如：go shopping/go fishing/go swimming/go hiking/go skating/go camping/go skiing （滑雪/go boating /go hunting (打猎)
.注意动词的过去分词的常见搭配:
I feel(am/was) excited/ surprised/ amazed /interested /tired/pleased/worried/lost
Keep…closed/ a boy called/named Tom
Unit 8 Why don‘t you get her a scarf?
1.fall asleep 入睡
2.give… away 赠送；分发
3.rather than 宁愿…而不是，胜于
4.would do…rather than do宁愿…不愿做
5.hear of…听说
6.make friends with 和……交友
7.photo album 像册
8.too personal 太私人化
9.not interesting\special \creative enough 不够有趣
10.make a special meal 做一顿特别的饭
11.an 8-year-old child 一个六岁的孩子
12.these days 最近
13.not…at all 根本不
14.different kinds of 不同种类
15.make her happy 使她高兴
16.someone else 别人（else总是后置）
17.improve English 提高英语
18.in different ways 以不同的方式
19.encourage sb to do 鼓励某人做
20.make(great) progress 取得进步
21.take an interest in/be interested in 对……感兴趣
22.on my twelfth\twentieth birthday
23.a goldfish—two goldfish
24.a pig named\called Connie
25.from across China
26.enter a test by singing popular English songs
https://www.doczj.com/doc/e210020779.html,e from all age groups
28.the winner of the women‘s competition
29.win the prize
30.try to speak English more
31.a spokesperson from the Olympic Committee
32.hear of
33.many other fun ways to learn English
34.make friends with a native speaker of English
35.find a good way to learn to learn English
本单元目标句型：
1.What should I get my mom for her birthday? 我应该为我的妈妈买什么?
2.Why don‘t you/Why not buy /What about buying/How about buying a scarf? 为
什么不买条围巾呢?
3.What‘s the best gift you have ever received? 你曾收到的最好礼物是什么?
4.What a lucky guy! 多幸运的家伙!
5.I think a dog is a good pet for a 6-year-old child.
6.Rea lly? I don‘t agree. Dogs are too difficult to take care of.
7.What are advantages and disadvantages of keeping such a pet?
8.The trendiest kind of pet these days is the pot-bellied pig.
9.Pot-bellied pigs make the best pets.
10.However, life with a pig isn‘t always perfect.
11.Now she is too big to sleep in the house, so I made her a special pig house.
12.The movie was boring. I fell asleep half way through it.
13. A leaf from a tree is enough to make her very happy.
13.Gift giving is different in different countries.
14.The same gift may be given away to someone else.
15.In the USA, some people ask their families and friends to give money to charity
rather than
buy them gifts.
16.In Sweden, doing something for someone is the best gift. People don‘t need to
spend too much money. Instead, making a meal is enough.
17.China will be the host for the 2008 Olympics and so many Chinese people try to
improve their English in different ways.
China will hold the….
18.Nearly all the singers sang very clearly, and looked comfortable on stage.
19.Some of these singers were able to sing English songs just as well as native
speakers.
20.She said that singing English songs made her more interested in learning English.
21.He agrees that it is a good idea to have fun with English.
22.It suggests ways for Beijingers to take an interest in learning English.
常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结
.固定用法(非谓语动词)：以下是带to的动词不定式常见搭配
★希望做某事hope to do sth. ★决定做某事decide to do sth.
★同意做某事agree to do sth. ★需要某人做某事need to do sth.
★使用某物做某事use sth to do sth ★迫不及待做某事can‘t wait to do
★准备做某事get/be ready to do ★尽力/努力做某事try to do sth
★计划做某事plan to do sth. ★不得不have to do
★轮流做某事take one‘s turns to do sth.★拒绝做某事refuse to do sth.
★告诉某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. ★请某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.
★希望某人做某事wish sb. to do sth. ★想要某人做某事want /would like sb. to do sth.
★同意某人做某事agree sb. to do sth. ★教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth.
★喜欢/想要某人做某事like sb. to do sth. ★帮助某人做某事help sb. to do sth/help sb.do
★encourage sb to do 鼓励某人做
★It‘s one‘s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事例句:It your turn to clean the blackboard.
★It‘s time(for sb.) to do sth.是某人做某事时候了例句:It‘s time for me to go home.
★It‘s +adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事是……（当adj.是表示性格、品德的形容词时用of）
例句: It is easy for me to learn it well. It is very kind/foolish/nice of you to do so.
★It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花了某时间
例句: 1.It takes me an hour to get to school by bike. 2.It took me an hour to watch TV last night.
3.It will take her two weeks to finish the work.
★too+adj./adv. to do sth. 太…..而不能例: He was to angry to say a word.
★find/think/feel it +adj. to do sth.发现/认为/感到做某事是…例: I find/think/feel it hard to learn English well.
★序数词+to do 第…..个做某事例句:Who is the first to get there?
★我不知/忘记了怎么办。I didn't know/forgot what to do.
★离开房间时不要忘记/记住关灯
例句:Don‘t f orget/Remember to turn off the lights when you left the room
★ be+adj+to do sth 例句:I am very sorry to hear that.
I am ready to help others. I am happy/pleased/glad to meet you.
顺口溜：本领最多不定式，主表定补宾和状；样样成分都能干，只有谓语它不敢；大家千万要小心，有时它把句型改；作主语时用it，自己在后把身藏；七个感官三使役，宾补要把to甩开；疑问词后接上它，宾语从句可充当；逻辑主语不定式，不定式前加for sb.；to前not是否定，各种用法区别开。
以下是不带to的动词不定式(即动词原形)的常见用法
★let sb. do sth让某人做某事★make do sth使得某人做某事★hear do sth do sth听见某人做某事★see do sth do sth看见某人做某事
★why not 或why don‘t you +动词原形？为什么不….?（表示建议）例:Why not/Why don‘t y ou take a walk?
★某人+had better( not)do 某人最好(不)做某事
★情态动词can/may /must /should+ 动词原形（包括情态动词的否定形式+动词原形）
★助动词do/does/did/will/would在构成疑问句或者构成否定句即don‘t /doesn‘t /didn‘t /will not /would not+ 动词原形
★be going to + 动词原形（表示“即将”“打算”做某事）
Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park?
1.take a ride 兜风
2.take the subway
3.have been to, have gone to
4.on the one hand, on the other hand
5. a good place to practice your English
6.outside of China
7.end up 结束
8.take a holiday/vacation 度假
9.all year round 全年
10.such as 例如
11.a zoo called/named… 一个叫做……的动物园
12.during the daytime 在白天
13.wake up 醒来
14.wake somebody up 唤醒/叫醒某人
15.have a great/nice/wonderful/great time 玩得高兴
16.a wonderful place to take a holiday/to visit 一个度假/游览的好地方
17.an English-speaking country 一个讲英语的国家
18.be asleep=fall asleep 睡着
19.go on a DISNEY cruise
20.travel to another province of China
21.the reasons for learning English
22.an exchange student
23.improve my listening skills
24.one….,the other..
25.Three quarters of the population are Chinese. 四分之三的人口是中国人（谓语
动词用复数形式）
26.What‘s the population of China?中国的人口是多少？（不用how
much提问）
27.the population of China is 1.3 billion 中国的人口是13亿。（谓动词用
单形式）
本单元目标句型：
1. Me neither.
2.It‘s fun to learn another language.
3.Disneyland is an amusement park, but we can also call it a theme park.
4.It has all the normal attractions you can find at an amusement park, but it also has
a theme.
5.the roller coaster is themed with Disney characters.
6.You can see Disney characters walking around Disneyland all the time.
7.These are huge boats that also have the Disney theme. You can take a ride on the
boat for several days, and you sleep and eat on board.
8.There are also many attractions on board just like any other Disneyland.
9.The boat rides all take different routes, but they all end up in the same place.
10.It is just so much fun in Disneyland.
11.Here‘s what two of our students said about our school.
12.When I was a young girl, all I ever wanted to do was traveling, and I decided that
the best way to do this was to become a flight attendant .
13.I discovered that the most important requirement was to speak English well, so I
studied English at the Hilltop Language School for five years before I became a flight attendant.
14.It was because I could speak English that I got the job.
15.It‘s all I have ever wanted to be.
16.However, I know that I have to improve my English, so I have started taking
lessons at the school.
17.Maybe when I leave school I‘ll think about becoming an English teacher rather
than a tour guide.
18.What other job is he thinking of doing?
19.You can rent bicycles at the amusement park.
20.For many Chinese tourists, this small island in Southeast Asia is a wonderful
place to take a holiday.
21.Maybe you fear that you won‘t be able to find anything to eat in a foreign
country.
22.However, if you ?re feeling brave, Singapore is an excellent place to try new
food.
23.If you go to see lions, tigers, or foxes during the daytime, they‘ll probably a
asleep.
24.One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all
year round..this is because the island is so close to the equator. So you can choose to go whenever you like—spring, summer, or winter.
现在完成时句型举例：
1.Have you ever been to an amusement park? 你曾经去过游乐园吗?Yes, I have./
No, I haven‘t.
2.I have never been there. Me neither=Neither have I. 我也没有.
3.Where is he? He has gone to the Beijing.
4.How long has he been in Beijing? （不能用come/arrive）
5.I‘ve never been to an aquarium. 我从没去过水族馆.
6.I have been a student here for a year. 我成为这的学生有一年了. （不
能用become）
=I became a student here a year ago.
7.He has been dead for two years.（不能用die）=he died two years ago.
8.I have been a teacher since ten years ago(for ten years.) （不能用become）
9.I have just/ever/already/never seen the movie. Have you ever heard of the man
before?
本单元语法讲解
现在完成时
1.现在完成时态表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。本时态标志词：already （―已经‖，用于肯定句中，放在have /has之后或句尾）；
yet （―仍然‖―还‖，用于疑问句或否定句的句尾）
just（―刚刚‖，放在have /has之后）；
before（―以前‖，放在句尾）；
ever（―曾经‖，放在have /has之后）
never （―从没有‖，在have /has之后）
例句：
1.Our teacher has just left.
2.We have studied English already.
3.I have not finished the homework yet.
4.He has never been to Beijing before.
2.某个动作从过去已经开始,一直持续到现在,还有可能持续到将来.动作的持续性要通过一段时间来表示一段时间的表达方法有两种:
for: +一段时间for a year for two weeks for three years
Since +过去的某一时刻, since nine since last week
Since +一般过去时态的时间状语从句since you came ; since you got home.
注意：结束性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是它们可以转换成相应的延续性动词.
1.直接用延续性动词
buy– have；catch(get) a cold –have a cold；borrow—keep；become—be；put on-- wear
2.转换成be+名词
join the army – be a soldier；join the Party –be a Party member；
go to school– be a student
3转换成be+形容词或副词
die—be dead；finish – be over；begin—be on；leave—be away ；fall sleep – be asleep close – be closed come to/ go to/arrive at(in)+某地—be in(at) +某地
4.转换成be+介词短语go to school– be in school ；get up_ be up；
现在完成时态常见标志词
1.already（已经）, just（刚刚）, never（从未/从没有）, ever（曾经）, yet（仍
然/还）, before（以前（句尾时）
2.since+点时刻或从句; for+段时间; how long（疑问句中用来提问since/for
短语的）
新人教版八年级英语下册各知识点归纳总结 Unti1 what’s the matter? 短语归纳 1.too much 太多 2.lie down 躺下 3.get an X-ray 做个X光检查 4.take one ’s temperature 量体温 5.put some medicine on ......在....上敷药 6.have a fever 发烧 7.take breaks /take a break 休息 8.without thinking twice 没多想 9.get off 下车 10.take sb to the hospital 送某人去医院11.wait for等待12.to one’s surprise 使.......惊讶的thanks to多亏于；由于 14.in time及时 15.think about 考虑 16.have a heart problem患有心脏病 17.get into the trouble 遇到麻烦 18.do the right thing做正确的事情事情19.fall down 摔倒 20.put ...... on sth把...放在某物上 21.get hit/sunburned 摔伤/烧伤 22.be interested in 对.....感兴趣 23.be used to 习惯于.... 24.take risks/take a risk 挑战 25.lose one’s life 失去生命 26.because of 因为 27.run out of 用完 28.cut off 切除 29.get out of 从...出来 30.make a decision/decisions 做决定31.be in control of 掌管；管理 32.give up 放弃 用法归纳 1.need to do sth .需要去做某事 2.see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 3.ask sb sth 询问某人某事 4.expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事 5.agree to do sth 想要做某事 6.help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 7.want to do sth 想要做某事 8.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事 9.have problems(in) doing sth 做某事有困难 https://www.doczj.com/doc/e210020779.html,e sth to do sth用某物去做某事11.be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 12.seem to do sth 好像做某事 13.keep on doing sth 继续做某事 14.mind doing sth 介意做某事 语法点
英语知识点 Unit 1 What’s the matter? 一、重点短语 1. have a fever 发烧 2. have a cough 咳嗽 3. have a toothache 牙疼 4. talk too much 说得太多 5. drink enough water喝足够的水 6. have a cold 受凉;感冒 7. have a stomachache 胃疼 8. have a sore back 背疼 9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息11. hot tea w ith honey 加蜂蜜的热茶12. see a dentist 看牙医13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片14. take one’ s temperature 量体温15. put some medicine on sth. 在……上面敷药16. feel very hot 感到很热17. sound like 听起来像18. all weekend 整个周末19. in the same way ? 以同样的方式20. go to a doctor 看医生21. go along 沿着……走22. on the side of the road 在马路边23. shout for help 大声呼救24. without th inking twice 没有多想25. get off 下车26. have a heart problem 有心脏病27. to one’ s surprise 使....... [京讶的28. thanks to 多亏了；由于29. in time 及时30. save a life 挽救生命31. get into trouble 造成麻烦32. right away 立刻；马上33. because of 由于34. get out of 离开;从……出萍35. hurt oneself 受伤36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎37. fa ll down 摔倒38. feel sick 感到恶心39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难43. mountain climbing 登山运动44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事45. run out (of) 用完;用尽46. so that 以便47. so. . . that 如此……以至于…48. be in control of 掌管;管理49. in a d iffic u lt situation 在闲境屮50. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事51. make a decision 做出决定52. take risks 冒险53. give up 放弃 二、重点句型 1. What’ s the matter? What’ s the matter with you? = What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you?你怎么了 2. W hat should she do?她该怎么办呢？ Should I take my temperature?我应该量一下体温吗？主语+ should/shouldn’t + 动词原形. ..①You should lie down and rest.你应该躺下休息一会儿。② You shouldn’ t go out at night. 你晚上不应该出去。 3. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or abook? 你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢？ 4. I think I sat in the same way for too long withoutmoving. 我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。 5. She said that the man had a heart problem andshould go to the hospital Unit 2 I ’ll help to clean up the city parks. 一、重点短语 1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日 2. an old people’s home 养老院 3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难 4. used to 曾经……；过去_ 5. care for 关心;照顾 6. the look of joy 快乐的表情 7. at the age of 在......岁时8clean up 打扫(或清除)干净9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振雀10. give out 分发;散发11. come up w ith 想出；提出12. make a plan 制订计
Unit 1 Will people have robots? 表达个人主张和意见 学会表达对未来的预测和想法 1.一般将来时will的用法 People will have robots in their rooms. There will be more pollution. 2.more,less 和fewer用于表示数量的用法 More/fewer + countable nouns More/less + uncountable nouns skateboard, shop, junk, chip, unhealthy surf, cola , lifestyle, yuck, interviewer how often, high school, as for, junk food , how many , of course, look after, a lot of 1. in the future 在将来 2. live to (be) …years old 活到……岁 3. in 100 years 一百年后 4. free time 空闲时间 5. talk about 谈论，谈及，谈到 6. high school 高中 7. computer programmer 电脑程序员 8. space station 太空站 9. fall in love with …爱上……
10. go skating 去滑冰 11. be able to 能，会 12. on vacation 度假 13. the World Cup 世界杯 14. keep a pet pig 饲养一头宠物猪 15. job interview 工作面试 16. fly to 飞往 17. come true 实现，成为现实 18. see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事 19. one’s own …某人自己的…… 20. science fiction movies 科幻影片 21. help (sb.) with sth. 帮助（某人）做某事 22. hundreds of 数百，成百上千的 23. the same as 和……相同 24. wake up 醒来；唤醒 25. talk to/with 和……交谈 26. try to do sth. 试图做某事，尽力做某事 27. get bored 变得厌倦 28. over and over (again) 一次又一次，再三地 1.对自己，他人以及环境的未来发展进行预测。 2. 了解一些科学常识。1能听懂接近正常语速，熟悉话题的语段，识别主题，获取主要信息。
人教版初中复习资料 【初中英语词组总结】 1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2 （比较级and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易） 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with同……一道，伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西） 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时 14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初；……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信 18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够…… 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕…… 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开 29 be bad for 对什么有害 30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事be busy with sth 忙于…… 32 be careful 当心；小心 33 be different from…… 和什么不一样 34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好 36 be from = come from 来自 37 be full of 装满……的be filled with 充满eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38 be glad+to+do/从句 39 be going to + v(原）将来时 40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于…… 41 be good for 对什么有好处 42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事 43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处 44 be in good health 身体健康 45 be in trouble 处于困难中
初二英语语法总结 1) leave的用法 1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如： When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的？ 2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如： Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。 3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如： Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京？ 2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用 should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：How should I know? 我怎么知道？ Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？ should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如： We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。 我们在使用时要注意以下几点： 1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如： You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如： You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。 3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如： We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。 3) What...? 与 Which...? 1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如：What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？ 该句相当于： What does your father do? What is your father's job?
初二下册英语知识点总结 Unit 1 Past and present 1. I used to go to school by bike. used to do sth.是一个固定结构，意思是“过去经常做某事”，后面用动词原形，表示过去的某种经常性、习惯性的行为或者动作，并意味着这种动作目前已经不存在。 【拓展】 (1) be used to do something意思是“被用来做某事”，是动词短语use …to do的被动语态结构。例如： (2) be used to doing something意思是“习惯于做某事”，to后接动词-ing形式。例如： 2. Y es, I’d like to. would like意为“想要”，语气非常委婉。具体用法如下： (1)would like后接名词或代词，表示“要”某样东西。 (2)would you like后接动词不定式（to do形式），表示意愿、喜爱，常用于有礼貌地提出邀请、请求或建议。 (3)would like sb. to do sth. 意为“想要某人做某事”。 【注意】 它的肯定回答多用Yes, please./Yes, I’d (We’d) l ike (love) to./Certainly./Yes, thank you.等；I’d love /like to.的to不能省略。否定回答常用No, thanks./No, thank you.等。 3. I hope I can visit it again. 本句是hope 后加了一个宾语从句，省略了连接词that。hope有如下用法： (1) 从说话语气上讲，hope 用于表示可能实现的事情，后接从句时，用陈述语气。 (2)从含义上讲，hope 多用于指对好事的盼望、预想;对坏事的预想则多用“I’m afraid...”。 (3) 从时间上看，hope 所希望的一般指将来或现在的事情，不用于指过去的事情。 (4) 从句型上看，hope 可用hope to do sth.句型，而不能用hope sb. to do sth.句型。 (5) 要表示“希望如此”时，常用“I hope so.”其否定形式用“I hope not.”。hope后面还可以接that 从 句，意为“希望……”。 4. The new shopping mall is a good place to have fun. 句中动词不定式短语to have fun作定语，修饰place。动词不定式短语作后置定语，可修饰名词、符合不定代词等。 5. I spend more time on my homework than before. spend是动词，意为“花费（时间或金钱）”。其过去式为spent。用法如下： 时间/金钱+ (in) doing sth. 花费时间或金钱做某事 spend +
新人教版｜八年级上学期英语所有必考知识点大汇总 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? 【重点语法】 不定代词：不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。 用法注意： 1. some 和any +可数名/不可数名。 some 多用于肯定句，any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。有些问句中用some,不用any, 问话者希望得到对方肯定回答。 2. 由some, any, no, every 与body, one, thing构成的复合不定代词作主语时，其谓语动词用三单。 3. 不定代词若有定语修饰，该定语要置于其后：如：something interesting 【重点短语】 1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物 2. taste + adj. 尝起来…… 3. nothing...but + V.(原形) 除了……之外什么都没有 4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来 5. arrive in + 大地方/ arrive at + 小地方到达某地 6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事/ try to do sth. 尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 9. want to do sth. 想去做某事10. start doing sth. 开始做某事=begin doing sth. 11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事区分：stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 12. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事14. so + adj + that + 从句如此……以至于…… 16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事 18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事/ forget doing sth 忘记做过某事 【词语辨析】 1. take a photo/ take photos 拍照 quite a few+名词复数“许多…” 2. seem + 形容词看起来…... You seem happy today. seem + to do sth. 似乎/好像做某事I seem to have a cold It seems + 从句似乎..…. It seems that no one believe you. seem like ... 好像，似乎….. It seems like a good idea. 3. arrive in +大地点= get to= reach+地点名“到达......” arrive at +小地点 （注：若后跟地点副词here/there/home, 介词需省略，如：arrive here; get home） 4. feel like sth 感觉像… feel doing sth. 想要做某事 5. wonder（想知道）+疑问词（who, what, why)引导的从句。 6. because of +名/代/V-ing because+从句 He can’t take a walk because of the rain. I don’t buy the shirt because it was too ex pensive. 7. enough +名词足够的…... 形容词/副词+enough Unit2 How often do you exercise? 【重点语法】 1. 频率副词: always, usually, often, sometimes, never 频率副词在句中通常放在实义动词之前, be动词或助动词之后。常用于一般现在时态中。 2.“次数”的表达方法 一次once，两次twice，三次或三次以上：基数词+ times, 如：three times, five times, 3. how often“多久一次”问频率，回答常含有频率词组或短语。
初二英语知识点归纳八年级英语知识点汇总 升入初二，英语越来越难了，想要学好英语，就要常对所学过的英语知识点进行归纳，下面就来给大家分享初二英语知识点归纳，希望对大家有所帮助。 (一) 一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years 等。 be going to do (动词原形)结构：表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如：It is going to rain. will do 结构表示将来的用法： 1. 表示预见 Do you think it will rain?
You will feel better after a good rest. 2. 表示意图 I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow? 基本构成如下： 一般疑问句构成： (1)will+主语+do…? Will Sarah e to visit me next Sunday? (2)there be 结构的一般疑问句：Will there + be …? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won't 否定句构成：will + not (won't)+do
Sarah won't e to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成： 特殊疑问词+will+主语+…?What will Sarah do next Sunday? (二) should的用法： should用来提出建议和忠告，后边加动词原形，否定句直接在should后边加not. 例如：I think you should eat less junk food. 我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。 She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot. 她经常开车，很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。
初二英语知识点总结： （一） 一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。 be going to do （动词原形）结构：表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如：It is going to rain. will do 结构表示将来的用法： 1. 表示预见 Do you think it will rain? You will feel better after a good rest. 2. 表示意图 I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow? 基本构成如下： 一般疑问句构成： （1）will+主语+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday? （2）there be 结构的一般疑问句：Will there + be …? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won’t 否定句构成：will + not （won’t）+do Sarah won’t come to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成： 特殊疑问词＋will＋主语＋…？What will Sarah do next Sunday? 根据例句，用will改写下列各句 例：I don’t feel well today. （be better tomorrow） I’ll be better tomorrow. 1. Gina has six classes today. （have a lot of homework tonight） _____________________________ 2. I’m tired now. （sleep later） _____________________________ 3. My parents need a new car. （buy one soon） _____________________________ 4. We can’t leave right now. （leave a little later） _____________________________ 5. The weather is awful today. （be better tomorrow） _____________________________ 答案：1. She’ll have a lot of homework tonight. 2. I’ll sleep later. 3. They’ll buy one soon. 4. We’ll leave a little later. 5. Maybe it’ll be better tomorrow. （二）should的用法：
初二英语下册知识点总结 知识点： 1.形容词，副词的比较等级考查热点透视： a)表示A与B在程度上相同时，“as+形容词或副词的原级+as”结构。表示A不如B时，可用“notas/so+形容词或副词的原级+as”结构。 b)表示A比B在程度上“更…..”时，可用“形容词或副词的比较级+than”结构 c)表示三者或三者以上的比较，其中一个在程度上“最…..”时，常用“the+形容词或副词的最高级”结构，后面可带“of/in的短语”来说明比较的范围。(注意：副词的最高级在句中常省略“the”.) d)在形容词或副词的比较级前，可以用 “alittle,even,far,much,still”的等词语来修饰，以加强语气。 e)表示“越来越….”时，常用“形容词或副词的比较级+and+形容词或副词的比较级”结构，但要注意，对于多音节和部分双音节 形容词，副词而言，若要表达此意时，要用“moreandmore+形容词 或副词的原级“结构。 f)在表示“其中最….之一“的含义时，常使用“oneof+the+形 容词最高级形式+名词复数”结构，其中的定冠词the不可以省略。 g)如果强调“两者中比较…的(一个)”的意思时，可使用“the+形容词比较级+其它”结构。 h)表示“越….越….”,可使用“the+形容词或副词的比较级，the+形容词或副词的比较级”结构。
2.一般将来时 a)一般将来时的构成：由助动词shall或will加动词原形构成，shall用于第一人称。在口语中，will在名词或代词后常简略 为’ll，willnot常简略为won’t。这个时态的肯定，否定和疑问 结构可表示如下： 肯定句否定句疑问句 I(We)shall(will)go. You(He,She,They)willgo.I(We)shall(will)notgo. You(He,She,They)willnotgo.ShallI(we)go? Willyou(he,she,they)go? 用”begoingto+动词原形”也可表示将来时，表示将要发生的事，打算或决定要做的事。 b)一般将来时的用法：1)表示将要发生的动作或情况;2)不以人 的意志为转移，肯定要发生的事情。ThedayaftertomorrowwillbeNationalDay.后天是国庆日。 3.in/after:in是指以现在时间为起点的“在一段时间以后”。 也可以表示“在将来多少时间之内”，句子中的谓语动词要用一般 将来时态;after常指以过去时间为起点的“一段时间之后”，所以 它与过去时态连用。当after指某个特定的未来时刻或日期之后， 或指以将来某一时间为起点的若干时间之后时，它可以与将来时态 连用。 4.more,less,fewer的用法区别：more为many,much的比较级，意为“更多”，可修饰可数与不可数名词。Less是little的比较级，意为“更好，较少”，修饰不可数名词。Fewer是few的比较级，意为“更少”，修饰可数名词复数。 【注意】few,little表示否定“几乎没有”。afew,alittle表 示肯定“一点，几个”。
初中英语知识点汇总初一年级（上） 【知识梳理】 I. 重点短语 1. Sit down 2. on duty 3. in English 4. have a seat 5. at home 6. look like 7. look at 8. have a look 9. come on 10. at work 11. at school 12. put on 13. look after 14. get up 15. go shopping II. 重要句型 1. help sb. do sth. 2. What about…? 3. Let’s do sth. 4. It’s time to do sth. 5. It’s time for … 6. What’s…? It is…/ It’s… 7. Where is…? It’s…. 8. How old are you? I’m…. 9. What class are you in? I’m in…. 10. Welcome to….11. What’s …plus…? It’s…. 12. I think… 13. Who’s this? This is…. 14. What can you see？I can see…. 15. There is (are) …. 16. What colour is it (are they)? It’s (They’re)… 17. Whose …is this? It’s…. 18. What time is it? It’s…. III. 交际用语 1. Good morning, Miss/Mr…. 2. Hello! Hi! 3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too. 4. How are you? I’m fine, thank you/thanks. And you? 5. See you. See you later. 6. Thank you! You’re welcome. 7. Goodbye! Bye! 8. What’s your name? My name is …. 9. Here you are. This way, please. 10. Who’s on duty today? 11. Let’s do. 12. Let me see. IV. 重要语法 1. 动词be的用法； 2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法； 3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法； 4. 冠词的基本用法； 5. There be句型的用法。 【名师讲解】 1.in/on 在表示空间位置时，in表示在某个空间的范围以内，on表示在某一个物体的表面之上。 例如：There is a bird in the tree. 树上有只鸟。There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有张图。 2. this/that/these/those (1)this常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事，these是this的复数形式。that常常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人更远一点的人和事，those时that的复数形式。例如：You look in this box and I’ll look in that one over there.你看看这个盒子，我去看那边的那个盒子。 I want this car, not that car. 我想要这辆小汽车，不是那一辆。 Take these books to his room, please. 请把这些书拿到他房间去。 This is mine; that’s yours. 这个是我的，那个是你的。 These are apples; those are oranges. 这些是苹果，那些是橘子。 (2)在打电话的用语中，this常常指的是我，that常常指的是对方。例如： This is Mary speaking. Who’s that? 我是玛丽。你是谁？ 3. There be/ have
初二英语知识点总结
初二英语知识点总结： （一） 一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。 be going to do （动词原形）结构：表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如：It is going to rain. will do 结构表示将来的用法： 1. 表示预见 Do you think it will rain? You will feel better after a good rest. 2. 表示意图 I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow? 基本构成如下： 一般疑问句构成： （1）will+主语+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday? （2）there be 结构的一般疑问句：Will there + be …? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won’t 否定句构成：will + not （won’t）+do Sarah won’t come to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成： 特殊疑问词＋will＋主语＋…？What will Sarah do next Sunday? 根据例句，用will改写下列各句
初二(八年级)下册英语第一单元知识点主要是依据初二(八年级)下册英语教材，从重点短语、知识归纳、语法知识这三个部分总结了初二(八年级)下册英语第一单元知识点 【重点短语】 1. fewer people 更少的人(fewer 修饰名词复数，表示否定) 2. less free time 更少的空闲时间(less修饰不可数名词，表示否定) 3. in ten years 10年后(in的时间短语用于将来时，提问用How soon) 4. fall in love with…爱上… 例：When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell in love with him at once 当我第一次见到许老师，我立刻爱上他 5. live alone 单独居住 6. feel lonely 感到孤独(比较：live alone/go along等) The girl walked alone along the street, but she didn’t feel lonely 那女孩独自沿着街道走，但她并不感到孤独 7. keep/feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪 8. fly to the moon 飞上月球 9. hundreds of +复数数百/几百(概数，类似还有thousands of; millions of) 10. the same as 和……相同 11. A be different from B A及B 不同(=There is a difference/Thgere are differences between A and B) 12. wake up 醒来(wake sb. up 表示“唤醒某人” 13. get bored 变得厌倦 (get/become是连系动词，后跟形容词如tired/angry/excited等)
最新（2013秋）人教版八年级上册英语知识点及单词 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? go on vacation去度假stay at home待在家里go to the mountains去爬山 go to the beach去海滩visit museums 参观博物馆go to summer camp去参观夏令营 quite a few相当多study for为……而学习go out出去most of the time大部分时间 taste good尝起来很好吃have a good time玩得高兴of course当然feel like给……的感觉；感受到go shopping去购物in the past在过去walk around四处走走because of因为 one bowl of…一碗……the next day第二天drink tea喝茶find out找出；查明go on继续 take photos照相something important重要的事up and down上上下下come up出来 buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物 taste + adj. 尝起来……look+adj. 看起来…… nothing…but+动词原形除了……之外什么都没有 seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来…… arrive in+大地点/ arrive at+小地点到达某地 decide to do sth.决定去做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事/ try to do sth.尽力去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事want to do sth.想去做某事start doing sth.开始做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事keep doing sth.继续做某事 Why not do. sth.?为什么不做……呢？ so+adj.+that+从句如此……以至于…… tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事 Unit2 How often do you exercise? help with housework帮助做家务on weekends在周末how often多久一次hardly ever几乎从不once a week每周一次twice a month每月两次every day每天be free有空 go to the movies去看电影use the Internet用互联网swing dance摇摆舞play tennis打网球 stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚at least至少have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课 go to bed early早点睡觉play sports进行体育活动be good for对……有好处go camping去野营not…at all一点儿也不……in one’s free time在某人的业余时间the most popular最受欢迎的 such as比如；诸如old habits die hard积习难改go to the dentist去看牙医 morn than多于；超过less than少于 help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事How about…? ......怎么样？/ ……好不好？ want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？……有多少……? 主语+find+that从句. ……发现……spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光 It’s+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事的……的。ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事 by doing sth. 通过做某事What’s your favorite……?你最喜爱的……是什么？ the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式 Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.